{"id":46847,"date":"2025-07-30T04:26:51","date_gmt":"2025-07-29T20:26:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/46847.html"},"modified":"2025-07-30T04:26:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-29T20:26:51","slug":"%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4%e9%9d%a2%e8%af%95%e5%bf%85%e5%a4%87%ef%bc%9ashell%e8%84%9a%e6%9c%ac-%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%a3%81%e7%9b%98%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8%e7%8e%87%e5%b9%b6%e5%8f%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/46847.html","title":{"rendered":"\u8fd0\u7ef4\u9762\u8bd5\u5fc5\u5907\uff1aShell\u811a\u672c \u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66\u90ae\u4ef6"},"content":{"rendered":"

Shell\u9762\u8bd5\u9898 – \u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aShell\u811a\u672c，\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387，\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/h2>\n
\n

\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d，\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u76d1\u63a7\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u57fa\u7840\u4f46\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2aShell\u811a\u672c\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387，\u5e76\u5728\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe<\/h3>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u56fe\u793a：<\/p>\n

#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 {font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .label text,#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .node rect,#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .node circle,#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .node .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edgeLabel{background-color:#e8e8e8;text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:#e8e8e8;fill:#e8e8e8;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-dJ6UFPkIsS4i67N8 :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;}<\/span><\/span>\u662f<\/span>\u5426<\/span><\/span>\u5f00\u59cb\u83b7\u53d6\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u4f7f\u7528\u7387>\u9608\u503c?\u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66\u90ae\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f<\/p>\n

\u811a\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n

1. \u83b7\u53d6\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/h4>\n

\u9996\u5148，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5728Linux\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528df\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0：<\/p>\n

#!\/bin\/bash<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c（\u767e\u5206\u6bd4）<\/span>
\nTHRESHOLD<\/span>=<\/span>90<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u83b7\u53d6\u6839\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/span>
\nDISK_USAGE<\/span>=<\/span>$(<\/span>df<\/span> -h \/ |<\/span> awk<\/span> 'NR==2 {print $5<\/span>}'<\/span> |<\/span> cut<\/span> -d'%'<\/span> -f1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c<\/h4>\n

if<\/span> [<\/span> "$DISK_USAGE<\/span>"<\/span> -gt "$THRESHOLD<\/span>"<\/span> ]<\/span>;<\/span> then<\/span>
\n echo<\/span> "\u8b66\u544a：\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c！\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7387: ${DISK_USAGE}<\/span>%"<\/span>
\n # \u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/span>
\nelse<\/span>
\n echo<\/span> "\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7387: ${DISK_USAGE}<\/span>%"<\/span>
\nfi<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66\u90ae\u4ef6<\/h4>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528mailx\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u9996\u5148\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5mailx：<\/p>\n

# \u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eDebian\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> apt-get<\/span> install<\/span> mailutils<\/p>\n

# \u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8eRHEL\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf<\/span>
\nsudo<\/span> yum install<\/span> mailx<\/p>\n

\u7136\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

if<\/span> [<\/span> "$DISK_USAGE<\/span>"<\/span> -gt "$THRESHOLD<\/span>"<\/span> ]<\/span>;<\/span> then<\/span>
\n SUBJECT<\/span>=<\/span>"\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u544a\u8b66 – \u670d\u52a1\u5668 $(<\/span>hostname<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>"<\/span>
\n BODY<\/span>=<\/span>"\u8b66\u544a：\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230 ${DISK_USAGE}<\/span>%，\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c ${THRESHOLD}<\/span>%\u3002\u8bf7\u53ca\u65f6\u5904\u7406！"<\/span>
\n echo<\/span> "$BODY<\/span>"<\/span> |<\/span> mailx -s "$SUBJECT<\/span>"<\/span> admin@example.com
\nfi<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5b8c\u6574\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n

#!\/bin\/bash<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c（\u767e\u5206\u6bd4）<\/span>
\nTHRESHOLD<\/span>=<\/span>90<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u90ae\u7bb1<\/span>
\nRECIPIENT<\/span>=<\/span>"admin@example.com"<\/span><\/p>\n

# \u83b7\u53d6\u6839\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/span>
\nDISK_USAGE<\/span>=<\/span>$(<\/span>df<\/span> -h \/ |<\/span> awk<\/span> 'NR==2 {print $5<\/span>}'<\/span> |<\/span> cut<\/span> -d'%'<\/span> -f1)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> [<\/span> "$DISK_USAGE<\/span>"<\/span> -gt "$THRESHOLD<\/span>"<\/span> ]<\/span>;<\/span> then<\/span>
\n SUBJECT<\/span>=<\/span>"\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u544a\u8b66 – \u670d\u52a1\u5668 $(<\/span>hostname<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>"<\/span>
\n BODY<\/span>=<\/span>"\u8b66\u544a：\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230 ${DISK_USAGE}<\/span>%，\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c ${THRESHOLD}<\/span>%\u3002\u8bf7\u53ca\u65f6\u5904\u7406！"<\/span>
\n echo<\/span> "$BODY<\/span>"<\/span> |<\/span> mailx -s "$SUBJECT<\/span>"<\/span> "$RECIPIENT<\/span>"<\/span>
\n echo<\/span> "$(<\/span>date<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>: \u53d1\u9001\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u544a\u8b66\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7387: ${DISK_USAGE}<\/span>%"<\/span> >><\/span> \/var\/log\/disk_monitor.log
\nelse<\/span>
\n echo<\/span> "$(<\/span>date<\/span>)<\/span><\/span>: \u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7387: ${DISK_USAGE}<\/span>%"<\/span> >><\/span> \/var\/log\/disk_monitor.log
\nfi<\/span><\/p>\n

Java\u5b9e\u73b0\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

\u867d\u7136Shell\u811a\u672c\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u6b64\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1，\u4f46\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Java\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u7b49\u6548\u529f\u80fd：<\/p>\n

import<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>BufferedReader<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>IOException<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>InputStreamReader<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> javax.<\/span>mail.<\/span><\/span>*<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> javax.<\/span>mail.<\/span>internet.<\/span><\/span>*<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

public<\/span> class<\/span> DiskMonitor<\/span> {<\/span>
\n private<\/span> static<\/span> final<\/span> int<\/span> THRESHOLD =<\/span> 90<\/span>;<\/span>
\n private<\/span> static<\/span> final<\/span> String<\/span> RECIPIENT =<\/span> "admin@example.com"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> args)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n try<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/span>
\n Process<\/span> process =<\/span> Runtime<\/span>.<\/span>getRuntime<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>exec<\/span>(<\/span>"df -h \/"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n BufferedReader<\/span> reader =<\/span> new<\/span> BufferedReader<\/span>(<\/span>
\n new<\/span> InputStreamReader<\/span>(<\/span>process.<\/span>getInputStream<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\/\/ \u8df3\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u884c\u6807\u9898<\/span>
\n reader.<\/span>readLine<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n String<\/span> line =<\/span> reader.<\/span>readLine<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> parts =<\/span> line.<\/span>split<\/span>(<\/span>"\\\\\\\\s+"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n String<\/span> usageStr =<\/span> parts[<\/span>4<\/span>]<\/span>.<\/span>replace<\/span>(<\/span>"%"<\/span>,<\/span> ""<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n int<\/span> usage =<\/span> Integer<\/span>.<\/span>parseInt<\/span>(<\/span>usageStr)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

if<\/span> (<\/span>usage ><\/span> THRESHOLD)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n sendAlertEmail<\/span>(<\/span>usage)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n System<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8b66\u544a\u90ae\u4ef6\u5df2\u53d1\u9001\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7387: "<\/span> +<\/span> usage +<\/span> "%"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>
\n System<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>"\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7387: "<\/span> +<\/span> usage +<\/span> "%"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>Exception<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n e.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span><\/p>\n

private<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> sendAlertEmail<\/span>(<\/span>int<\/span> usage)<\/span> throws<\/span> MessagingException<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>
\n String<\/span> host =<\/span> "smtp.example.com"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n String<\/span> from =<\/span> "monitor@example.com"<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

java.<\/span>util.<\/span><\/span>Properties<\/span> props =<\/span> System<\/span>.<\/span>getProperties<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n props.<\/span>put<\/span>(<\/span>"mail.smtp.host"<\/span>,<\/span> host)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

Session<\/span> session =<\/span> Session<\/span>.<\/span>getDefaultInstance<\/span>(<\/span>props,<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n Message<\/span> msg =<\/span> new<\/span> MimeMessage<\/span>(<\/span>session)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

msg.<\/span>setFrom<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> InternetAddress<\/span>(<\/span>from)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n msg.<\/span>setRecipient<\/span>(<\/span>Message.<\/span>RecipientType<\/span>.<\/span>TO,<\/span> new<\/span> InternetAddress<\/span>(<\/span>RECIPIENT)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n msg.<\/span>setSubject<\/span>(<\/span>"\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u544a\u8b66 – \u4f7f\u7528\u7387: "<\/span> +<\/span> usage +<\/span> "%"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n msg.<\/span>setText<\/span>(<\/span>"\u8b66\u544a：\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230 "<\/span> +<\/span> usage +<\/span> "%，\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u9608\u503c "<\/span> +<\/span> THRESHOLD +<\/span> "%\u3002\u8bf7\u53ca\u65f6\u5904\u7406！"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

Transport<\/span>.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>msg)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u811a\u672c\u5b9a\u671f\u6267\u884c，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230crontab\u4e2d：<\/p>\n

# \u7f16\u8f91\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u7684crontab<\/span>
\ncrontab<\/span> -e<\/p>\n

# \u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c，\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u5c0f\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21<\/span>
\n0<\/span> * * * * \/path\/to\/your\/script\/disk_monitor.sh<\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u9636\u6539\u8fdb<\/h3>\n
  • \n

    \u76d1\u63a7\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a：<\/p>\n

    # \u76d1\u63a7\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a<\/span>
    \nPARTITIONS<\/span>=<\/span>"\/ \/home \/var"<\/span>
    \nfor<\/span> part<\/span> in<\/span> $PARTITIONS<\/span>;<\/span> do<\/span>
    \n USAGE<\/span>=<\/span>$(<\/span>df<\/span> -h $part |<\/span> awk<\/span> 'NR==2 {print $5<\/span>}'<\/span> |<\/span> cut<\/span> -d'%'<\/span> -f1)<\/span><\/span>
    \n if<\/span> [<\/span> "$USAGE<\/span>"<\/span> -gt "$THRESHOLD<\/span>"<\/span> ]<\/span>;<\/span> then<\/span>
    \n # \u53d1\u9001\u544a\u8b66<\/span>
    \n fi<\/span>
    \ndone<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u6dfb\u52a0HTML\u683c\u5f0f\u90ae\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

    BODY<\/span>=<\/span>"<html><body><h2>\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u544a\u8b66<\/h2><p>\u5206\u533a $part<\/span> \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u5df2\u8fbe\u5230 ${USAGE}<\/span>%<\/p><\/body><\/html>"<\/span>
    \necho<\/span> "$BODY<\/span>"<\/span> |<\/span> mailx -a "Content-type: text\/html;"<\/span> -s "$SUBJECT<\/span>"<\/span> "$RECIPIENT<\/span>"<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u6dfb\u52a0\u9644\u4ef6：<\/p>\n

    # \u5c06\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u9644\u4ef6<\/span>
    \ndf<\/span> -h ><\/span> \/tmp\/disk_usage.txt
    \necho<\/span> "$BODY<\/span>"<\/span> |<\/span> mailx -s "$SUBJECT<\/span>"<\/span> -a \/tmp\/disk_usage.txt "$RECIPIENT<\/span>"<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

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