\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u8d34\u8fd1\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u7684 \u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u529f\u80fd：<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92（\u4f7f\u7528 JPA + MySQL）<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u5b8c\u6574\u7684 CRUD \u63a5\u53e3（RESTful \u98ce\u683c）<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u4e0e\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784（Controller\/Service\/Repository）<\/p>\n
\u2022 DTO \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93（\u907f\u514d\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b）<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u3001\u6280\u672f\u6808\u4e0e\u4f9d\u8d56<\/p>\n
\u5728 Spring Initializr \u4e2d\u989d\u5916\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f9d\u8d56：<\/p>\n
\u2022 Spring Web（Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u57fa\u7840）<\/p>\n
\u2022 Spring Data JPA（\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c）<\/p>\n
\u2022 MySQL Driver（\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u9a71\u52a8）<\/p>\n
\u2022 Validation（\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c）<\/p>\n
\u2022 Lombok（\u7b80\u5316\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u4ee3\u7801，\u9700 IDE \u5b89\u88c5 Lombok \u63d2\u4ef6）<\/p>\n
\u4e8c\u3001\u9879\u76ee\u7ed3\u6784（\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784）
\nsrc\/main\/java\/com\/example\/usermanage\/
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 UserManageApplication.java \u00a0\/\/ \u4e3b\u542f\u52a8\u7c7b
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 controller\/ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5c42（\u5904\u7406HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42）
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 UserController.java
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 service\/ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5c42（\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91）
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 UserService.java
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 impl\/UserServiceImpl.java
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 repository\/ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c42（\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93）
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 UserRepository.java
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 entity\/ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 User.java
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 dto\/ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5bf9\u8c61（\u8bf7\u6c42\/\u54cd\u5e94）
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 UserRequest.java \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u521b\u5efa\/\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 UserResponse.java \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 exception\/ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 UserNotFoundException.java \u00a0\/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u251c\u2500\u2500 GlobalExceptionHandler.java \u00a0\/\/ \u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5668
\n\u2502 \u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 ErrorResponse.java \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u7edf\u4e00\u9519\u8bef\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 config\/ \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u914d\u7f6e\u7c7b
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u2514\u2500\u2500 JpaConfig.java \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\/\/ JPA \u914d\u7f6e（\u53ef\u9009）
\nsrc\/main\/resources\/
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 application.properties \u00a0\/\/ \u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e（\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49）<\/p>\n
\u4e09\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n
1. \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6（application.properties）
\n# \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53e3
\nserver.port=8080<\/p>\n
# MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u914d\u7f6e（\u9700\u5148\u5728\u672c\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u540d\u4e3a `usermanage` \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93）
\nspring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql:\/\/localhost:3306\/usermanage?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
\nspring.datasource.username=root
\nspring.datasource.password=\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5bc6\u7801
\nspring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver<\/p>\n
# JPA \u914d\u7f6e
\nspring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update \u00a0# \u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\/\u66f4\u65b0\u8868\u7ed3\u6784
\nspring.jpa.show-sql=true \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u6253\u5370SQL\u65e5\u5fd7
\nspring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL8Dialect
\nspring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true \u00a0# \u683c\u5f0f\u5316SQL<\/p>\n
# \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b（\u53ef\u9009）
\nlogging.level.org.springframework.web=INFO
\nlogging.level.com.example.usermanage=DEBUG
\n2. \u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b（User.java）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.entity;<\/p>\n
import jakarta.persistence.*;
\nimport lombok.Data;
\nimport org.hibernate.annotations.CreationTimestamp;
\nimport org.hibernate.annotations.UpdateTimestamp;<\/p>\n
import java.time.LocalDateTime;<\/p>\n
@Data \u00a0\/\/ Lombok \u6ce8\u89e3：\u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210 getter\/setter\/toString \u7b49
\n@Entity
\n@Table(name = "t_user") \u00a0\/\/ \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8868\u540d
\npublic class User {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @Id
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) \u00a0\/\/ \u81ea\u589e\u4e3b\u952e
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private Long id;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Column(unique = true, nullable = false) \u00a0\/\/ \u7528\u6237\u540d\u552f\u4e00\u4e14\u975e\u7a7a
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private String username;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Column(nullable = false)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private String email;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 private Integer age;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @CreationTimestamp \u00a0\/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u586b\u5145\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private LocalDateTime createTime;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @UpdateTimestamp \u00a0\/\/ \u81ea\u52a8\u586b\u5145\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private LocalDateTime updateTime;
\n}
\n3. DTO（\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5bf9\u8c61）<\/p>\n
UserRequest.java（\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.dto;<\/p>\n
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Email;
\nimport jakarta.validation.constraints.Min;
\nimport jakarta.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
\nimport lombok.Data;<\/p>\n
@Data
\npublic class UserRequest {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @NotBlank(message = "\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a") \u00a0\/\/ \u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c：\u975e\u7a7a
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private String username;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @NotBlank(message = "\u90ae\u7bb1\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a")
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @Email(message = "\u90ae\u7bb1\u683c\u5f0f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e") \u00a0\/\/ \u6821\u9a8c\u90ae\u7bb1\u683c\u5f0f
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private String email;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Min(value = 0, message = "\u5e74\u9f84\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e3a\u8d1f\u6570") \u00a0\/\/ \u6821\u9a8c\u5e74\u9f84\u6700\u5c0f\u503c
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private Integer age;
\n}
\nUserResponse.java（\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.dto;<\/p>\n
import lombok.Data;
\nimport java.time.LocalDateTime;<\/p>\n
@Data
\npublic class UserResponse {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private Long id;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private String username;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private String email;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private Integer age;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private LocalDateTime createTime;
\n}
\n4. \u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c42（UserRepository.java）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.repository;<\/p>\n
import com.example.usermanage.entity.User;
\nimport org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
\nimport java.util.Optional;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u7ee7\u627f JpaRepository \u5373\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97 CRUD \u65b9\u6cd5（\u65e0\u9700\u624b\u52a8\u5b9e\u73b0）
\npublic interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long> {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u67e5\u8be2：\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u540d\u67e5\u8be2（\u7528\u4e8e\u5224\u65ad\u7528\u6237\u540d\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b58\u5728）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 Optional<User> findByUsername(String username);
\n}
\n5. \u670d\u52a1\u5c42（Service）<\/p>\n
UserService.java（\u63a5\u53e3）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.service;<\/p>\n
import com.example.usermanage.dto.UserRequest;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.dto.UserResponse;
\nimport java.util.List;<\/p>\n
public interface UserService {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 UserResponse createUser(UserRequest request);<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 List<UserResponse> getAllUsers();<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u6839\u636eID\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 UserResponse getUserById(Long id);<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 UserResponse updateUser(Long id, UserRequest request);<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 void deleteUser(Long id);
\n}
\nUserServiceImpl.java（\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.service.impl;<\/p>\n
import com.example.usermanage.dto.UserRequest;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.dto.UserResponse;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.entity.User;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.exception.UserNotFoundException;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.repository.UserRepository;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.service.UserService;
\nimport lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
\nimport org.slf4j.Logger;
\nimport org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
\nimport org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
\nimport java.util.List;
\nimport java.util.stream.Collectors;<\/p>\n
@Service
\n@RequiredArgsConstructor \u00a0\/\/ Lombok \u81ea\u52a8\u751f\u6210\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5（\u6ce8\u5165\u4f9d\u8d56）
\npublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserServiceImpl.class);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private final UserRepository userRepository; \u00a0\/\/ \u6ce8\u5165 Repository<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Override
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public UserResponse createUser(UserRequest request) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u6821\u9a8c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b58\u5728
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 if (userRepository.findByUsername(request.getUsername()).isPresent()) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 log.error("\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728：{}", request.getUsername());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 throw new IllegalArgumentException("\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u8f6c\u6362 DTO \u4e3a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 User user = new User();
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 user.setUsername(request.getUsername());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 user.setEmail(request.getEmail());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 user.setAge(request.getAge());<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5e93
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 User savedUser = userRepository.save(user);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 log.info("\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u6210\u529f：{}", savedUser.getId());<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u8f6c\u6362\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94 DTO \u5e76\u8fd4\u56de
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return convertToResponse(savedUser);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Override
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public List<UserResponse> getAllUsers() {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 log.info("\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return userRepository.findAll().stream()
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .map(this::convertToResponse)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .collect(Collectors.toList());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Override
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public UserResponse getUserById(Long id) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 log.info("\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237：{}", id);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 User user = userRepository.findById(id)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .orElseThrow(() -> new UserNotFoundException("\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728：" + id));
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return convertToResponse(user);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Override
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public UserResponse updateUser(Long id, UserRequest request) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 log.info("\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237：{}", id);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5148\u67e5\u8be2\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 User user = userRepository.findById(id)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 .orElseThrow(() -> new UserNotFoundException("\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728：" + id));<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u6821\u9a8c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u7528\u6237\u5360\u7528
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 if (userRepository.findByUsername(request.getUsername()).isPresent()\u00a0
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 && !user.getUsername().equals(request.getUsername())) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 throw new IllegalArgumentException("\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728");
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u5b57\u6bb5
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 user.setUsername(request.getUsername());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 user.setEmail(request.getEmail());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 user.setAge(request.getAge());<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 User updatedUser = userRepository.save(user);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return convertToResponse(updatedUser);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 @Override
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public void deleteUser(Long id) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 log.info("\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237：{}", id);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 if (!userRepository.existsById(id)) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 throw new UserNotFoundException("\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728：" + id);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 userRepository.deleteById(id);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u8f6c\u54cd\u5e94 DTO \u7684\u5de5\u5177\u65b9\u6cd5
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private UserResponse convertToResponse(User user) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 UserResponse response = new UserResponse();
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 response.setId(user.getId());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 response.setUsername(user.getUsername());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 response.setEmail(user.getEmail());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 response.setAge(user.getAge());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 response.setCreateTime(user.getCreateTime());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return response;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n}
\n6. \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u5c42（UserController.java）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.controller;<\/p>\n
import com.example.usermanage.dto.UserRequest;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.dto.UserResponse;
\nimport com.example.usermanage.service.UserService;
\nimport jakarta.validation.Valid;
\nimport lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
\nimport org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
\nimport org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
\nimport org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
\nimport java.util.List;<\/p>\n
@RestController
\n@RequestMapping("\/api\/users") \u00a0\/\/ \u57fa\u7840\u8def\u5f84
\n@RequiredArgsConstructor
\npublic class UserController {<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 private final UserService userService;<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237（POST \u8bf7\u6c42）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @PostMapping
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<UserResponse> createUser(@Valid @RequestBody UserRequest request) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return new ResponseEntity<>(userService.createUser(request), HttpStatus.CREATED);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237（GET \u8bf7\u6c42）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @GetMapping
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<List<UserResponse>> getAllUsers() {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return ResponseEntity.ok(userService.getAllUsers());
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u67e5\u8be2\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237（GET \u8bf7\u6c42，\u8def\u5f84\u5e26\u53c2\u6570）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @GetMapping("\/{id}")
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<UserResponse> getUserById(@PathVariable Long id) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return ResponseEntity.ok(userService.getUserById(id));
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237（PUT \u8bf7\u6c42）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @PutMapping("\/{id}")
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<UserResponse> updateUser(
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 @PathVariable Long id,\u00a0
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 @Valid @RequestBody UserRequest request
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 ) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return ResponseEntity.ok(userService.updateUser(id, request));
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237（DELETE \u8bf7\u6c42）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @DeleteMapping("\/{id}")
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<Void> deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 userService.deleteUser(id);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return ResponseEntity.noContent().build(); \u00a0\/\/ \u8fd4\u56de 204 \u65e0\u5185\u5bb9
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n}
\n7. \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38（UserNotFoundException.java）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.exception;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5f53\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u629b\u51fa
\npublic class UserNotFoundException extends RuntimeException {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public UserNotFoundException(String message) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 super(message);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n}
\n\u7edf\u4e00\u9519\u8bef\u54cd\u5e94\u683c\u5f0f（ErrorResponse.java）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.exception;<\/p>\n
import lombok.Data;
\nimport java.time.LocalDateTime;<\/p>\n
@Data
\npublic class ErrorResponse {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private int status; \u00a0\/\/ \u72b6\u6001\u7801
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private String message; \u00a0\/\/ \u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 private LocalDateTime timestamp; \u00a0\/\/ \u65f6\u95f4\u6233<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 public ErrorResponse(int status, String message) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 this.status = status;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 this.message = message;
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 this.timestamp = LocalDateTime.now();
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n}
\n\u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u5668（GlobalExceptionHandler.java）
\npackage com.example.usermanage.exception;<\/p>\n
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
\nimport org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
\nimport org.springframework.validation.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
\nimport org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
\nimport org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;<\/p>\n
@ControllerAdvice \u00a0\/\/ \u5168\u5c40\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406
\npublic class GlobalExceptionHandler {<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5f02\u5e38
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @ExceptionHandler(UserNotFoundException.class)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleUserNotFound(UserNotFoundException e) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ErrorResponse error = new ErrorResponse(
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND.value(), \u00a0\/\/ 404 \u72b6\u6001\u7801
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 e.getMessage()
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 );
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return new ResponseEntity<>(error, HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u53c2\u6570\u6821\u9a8c\u5f02\u5e38（\u5982\u90ae\u7bb1\u683c\u5f0f\u9519\u8bef\u3001\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3a\u7a7a）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleValidationExceptions(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u83b7\u53d6\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6821\u9a8c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u6d88\u606f
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 String message = e.getBindingResult().getFieldError().getDefaultMessage();
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ErrorResponse error = new ErrorResponse(
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value(), \u00a0\/\/ 400 \u72b6\u6001\u7801
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 message
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 );
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return new ResponseEntity<>(error, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u5176\u4ed6\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f02\u5e38（\u5982\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728）
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 @ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class)
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 public ResponseEntity<ErrorResponse> handleIllegalArgument(IllegalArgumentException e) {
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ErrorResponse error = new ErrorResponse(
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value(),
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 e.getMessage()
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 );
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 return new ResponseEntity<>(error, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
\n\u00a0 \u00a0 }
\n}
\n\u56db\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n
1. \u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u672c\u5730\u5b89\u88c5 MySQL，\u521b\u5efa\u6570\u636e\u5e93 usermanage（\u547d\u4ee4：CREATE DATABASE usermanage;）<\/p>\n
\u2022 \u4fee\u6539 application.properties \u4e2d\u7684 MySQL \u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u5bc6\u7801\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u672c\u5730\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n
2. \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n
\u8fd0\u884c UserManageApplication.java \u4e3b\u7c7b，\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u663e\u793a Started UserManageApplication \u8868\u793a\u542f\u52a8\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u6d4b\u8bd5\u63a5\u53e3（\u7528 Postman \u6216 curl）
\n\u63a5\u53e3\u529f\u80fd \u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f \u5730\u5740 \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u793a\u4f8b（JSON）\u00a0
\n\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237 POST http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/users {"username":"zhangsan","email":"zhangsan@test.com","age":20}\u00a0
\n\u67e5\u8be2\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237 GET http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/users \u65e0\u00a0
\n\u67e5\u8be2\u5355\u4e2a\u7528\u6237 GET http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/users\/1 \u65e0（1 \u4e3a\u7528\u6237 ID）\u00a0
\n\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237 PUT http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/users\/1 {"username":"zhangsan2","email":"new@test.com","age":21}\u00a0
\n\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237 DELETE http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/users\/1 \u65e0\u00a0<\/p>\n
\u4e94\u3001\u5173\u952e\u6269\u5c55\u70b9\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n
1. \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u66ff\u6362：\u82e5\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 MySQL \u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93（\u5982 PostgreSQL），\u53ea\u9700\u4fee\u6539 application.properties \u4e2d\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u5730\u5740，\u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u5206\u9875\u67e5\u8be2：\u5728 UserRepository \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 Page<User> findAll(Pageable pageable);，Service \u548c Controller \u5c42\u63a5\u6536 page \u548c size \u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u9875\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u8ba4\u8bc1\u6388\u6743：\u96c6\u6210 Spring Security \u53ef\u6dfb\u52a0\u767b\u5f55\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u89d2\u8272\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u65e5\u5fd7\u589e\u5f3a：\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7 logback-spring.xml \u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5b9e\u9645\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6d41\u7a0b，\u5305\u62ec\u5206\u5c42\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u6570\u636e\u6821\u9a8c\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u7b49，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd（\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u7f13\u5b58\u3001\u5f02\u6b65\u4efb\u52a1\u7b49）\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb796\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e9\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf14\u6b21\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237 POST http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/users {"username":"zhangsan","email":"zhangsan@test.com","age":20}\u66f4\u65b0\u7528\u6237 PUT http:\/\/localhost:8080\/api\/users\/1 {"username":"zhangsan2","email":"new@test.com","age":21}log.error("\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\uff1a{}", request.getUsername());<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[87,188,791,305,124],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-46812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-87","tag-188","tag-791","tag-305","tag-124"],"yoast_head":"\n