{"id":44378,"date":"2025-06-18T17:17:40","date_gmt":"2025-06-18T09:17:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44378.html"},"modified":"2025-06-18T17:17:40","modified_gmt":"2025-06-18T09:17:40","slug":"postgresql%e7%9a%84%e6%89%a9%e5%b1%95lo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44378.html","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL\u7684\u6269\u5c55lo"},"content":{"rendered":"

PostgreSQL\u7684\u6269\u5c55lo<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001lo \u6269\u5c55\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n

lo (Large Object) \u662f PostgreSQL \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61(\u901a\u5e38\u8d85\u8fc7 1GB)\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757，\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61(BLOB)\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n\n\u7279\u6027\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u5c0f<\/td>\n\u7406\u8bba\u6700\u5927 4TB (\u5b9e\u9645\u53d7\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u9650\u5236)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\n\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u8868\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8，\u901a\u8fc7 OID \u5f15\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n\u5b8c\u5168 ACID \u517c\u5bb9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u6743\u9650\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u542f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

— \u521b\u5efa\u6269\u5c55<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> EXTENSION lo;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> *<\/span> FROM<\/span> pg_available_extensions WHERE<\/span> name =<\/span> 'lo'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u4e3b\u8981\u51fd\u6570<\/h3>\n

1. \u57fa\u7840\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n

— \u521b\u5efa\u7a7a\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_create(<\/span>0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5bfc\u5165\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_import(<\/span>'\/path\/to\/file'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5bfc\u51fa\u5230\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_export(<\/span>oid,<\/span> '\/path\/to\/newfile'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5220\u9664\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_unlink(<\/span>oid)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u9ad8\u7ea7\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n

— \u6253\u5f00\u5bf9\u8c61(\u8fd4\u56defd)<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_open(<\/span>oid,<\/span> mode<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> — mode: INV_READ(0x20000), INV_WRITE(0x40000)<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u8bfb\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> loread(<\/span>fd,<\/span> len)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lowrite(<\/span>fd,<\/span> buf)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5b9a\u4f4d<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_lseek(<\/span>fd,<\/span> offset<\/span>,<\/span> whence)<\/span>;<\/span> — whence: 0=\u5934,1=\u5f53\u524d,2=\u5c3e<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5173\u95ed\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_close(<\/span>fd)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

1. \u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u7247<\/h4>\n

— \u521b\u5efa\u8868\u5b58\u50a8\u56fe\u7247\u5f15\u7528<\/span>
\nCREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> images (<\/span>
\n id SERIAL<\/span> PRIMARY<\/span> KEY<\/span>,<\/span>
\n name TEXT<\/span>,<\/span>
\n image_oid OID
\n)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5bfc\u5165\u56fe\u7247<\/span>
\nINSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> images (<\/span>name,<\/span> image_oid)<\/span>
\nVALUES<\/span> (<\/span>'logo'<\/span>,<\/span> lo_import(<\/span>'\/var\/www\/images\/logo.png'<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5bfc\u51fa\u56fe\u7247<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> lo_export(<\/span>image_oid,<\/span> '\/tmp\/exported_logo.png'<\/span>)<\/span> FROM<\/span> images WHERE<\/span> id =<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5316\u5904\u7406 (PL\/pgSQL)<\/h4>\n

CREATE<\/span> OR<\/span> REPLACE<\/span> FUNCTION<\/span> process_large_object(<\/span>obj_oid OID)<\/span> RETURNS<\/span> void AS<\/span> $$
\nDECLARE<\/span>
\n fd INTEGER<\/span>;<\/span>
\n buf BYTEA;<\/span>
\nBEGIN<\/span>
\n fd :=<\/span> lo_open(<\/span>obj_oid,<\/span> CAST(<\/span>x'20000'<\/span> AS<\/span> INTEGER<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> — \u53ea\u8bfb\u6a21\u5f0f\u6253\u5f00<\/span>
\n — \u8bfb\u53d6\u524d1KB\u6570\u636e<\/span>
\n buf :=<\/span> loread(<\/span>fd,<\/span> 1024<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n — \u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91…<\/span>
\n PERFORM lo_close(<\/span>fd)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nEND<\/span>;<\/span>
\n$$ LANGUAGE<\/span> plpgsql;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7ef4\u62a4<\/h3>\n

1. \u67e5\u770b\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n

— \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> oid,<\/span> pg_size_pretty(<\/span>lo_lseek(<\/span>oid,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 2<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> as<\/span> size
\nFROM<\/span> pg_largeobject_metadata;<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u6e05\u7406\u5b64\u7acb\u5bf9\u8c61<\/h4>\n

— \u67e5\u627e\u53ef\u80fd\u5b64\u7acb\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>
\nSELECT<\/span> oid FROM<\/span> pg_largeobject_metadata
\nWHERE<\/span> oid NOT<\/span> IN<\/span> (<\/span>SELECT<\/span> image_oid FROM<\/span> images WHERE<\/span> image_oid IS<\/span> NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

— \u5b89\u5168\u5220\u9664(\u5148\u5907\u4efd!)<\/span>
\n— SELECT lo_unlink(oid) FROM (…\u4e0a\u8ff0\u67e5\u8be2…);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e03\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5efa\u8bae<\/h3>\n
  • \n

    \u5757\u5927\u5c0f\u8c03\u6574：<\/p>\n

    SET<\/span> lo_compat_privileges =<\/span> off<\/span>;<\/span> — \u542f\u7528\u66f4\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236<\/span>\n <\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u4e8b\u52a1\u4f18\u5316：<\/p>\n

    BEGIN<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> lo_open(<\/span>oid,<\/span> x'40000'<\/span>::int<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> — \u5199\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span>
    \n— \u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c…<\/span>
    \nCOMMIT<\/span>;<\/span> — \u6216 ROLLBACK \u81ea\u52a8\u6e05\u7406<\/span>\n <\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u4e0e pg_largeobject \u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u914d\u5408：<\/p>\n

    — \u5206\u9875\u8bfb\u53d6\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>
    \nSELECT<\/span> loid,<\/span> pageno,<\/span> data<\/span>
    \nFROM<\/span> pg_largeobject
    \nWHERE<\/span> loid =<\/span> 12345<\/span>
    \nORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> pageno
    \nLIMIT<\/span> 100<\/span> OFFSET<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>\n <\/li>\n

    \u516b\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n
  • \n

    \u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236：<\/p>\n

    — \u6388\u4e88\u7279\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650<\/span>
    \nGRANT<\/span> SELECT<\/span> ON<\/span> LARGE OBJECT 12345<\/span> TO<\/span> app_user;<\/span><\/p>\n

    — \u64a4\u9500\u6743\u9650<\/span>
    \nREVOKE<\/span> ALL<\/span> ON<\/span> LARGE OBJECT 12345<\/span> FROM<\/span> public<\/span>;<\/span>\n <\/li>\n

  • \n

    SQL\u6ce8\u5165\u9632\u62a4：<\/p>\n

    — \u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u5f0f(\u907f\u514d!)<\/span>
    \nEXECUTE<\/span> 'SELECT lo_import('<\/span> ||<\/span> user_input ||<\/span> ')'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    — \u5b89\u5168\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span>
    \nPERFORM lo_import(<\/span>sanitized_path)<\/span>;<\/span>\n <\/li>\n

    \u4e5d\u3001\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u6bd4\u8f83<\/h3>\n\n\u65b9\u6848\u4f18\u70b9\u7f3a\u70b9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
    lo\u6269\u5c55<\/td>\n\u539f\u751f\u652f\u6301\u3001\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    bytea<\/td>\n\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528<\/td>\n\u9650\u52361GB<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5916\u90e8\u8868<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u5360\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7a7a\u95f4<\/td>\n\u65e0\u4e8b\u52a1\u652f\u6301<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    pg_largeobject<\/td>\n\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n\u4f4e\u7ea7\u522bAPI<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d85\u8fc71GB\u7684\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8，lo\u6269\u5c55\u4ecd\u662fPostgreSQL\u4e2d\u6700\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb339\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e3\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf5\u6b21\u3002lo (Large Object) \u662f PostgreSQL \u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61(\u901a\u5e38\u8d85\u8fc7 1GB)\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5bf9\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5927\u5bf9\u8c61(BLOB)\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[954,100,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-44378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-postgresql","tag-100","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nPostgreSQL\u7684\u6269\u5c55lo - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44378.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PostgreSQL\u7684\u6269\u5c55lo - 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