{"id":44161,"date":"2025-06-17T16:00:41","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T08:00:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44161.html"},"modified":"2025-06-17T16:00:41","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T08:00:41","slug":"c%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e5%a4%9a%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8btcp%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44161.html","title":{"rendered":"C\u8bed\u8a00\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0bTCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e00\u3001\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0bTCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u521b\u5efa<\/h2>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/h3>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h>
\n#include <string.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <sys\/socket.h>
\n#include <netinet\/in.h>
\n#include <arpa\/inet.h>
\n#include <sys\/wait.h>
\n#include <signal.h><\/p>\n

#define PORT 8080
\n#define MAX_CLIENTS 10
\n#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406
\nvoid zombie_handler(int sig) {
\n while (waitpid(-1, NULL, WNOHANG) > 0);
\n}<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n int server_fd, new_socket;
\n struct sockaddr_in address;
\n int addrlen = sizeof(address);
\n char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u521b\u5efaTCP\u5957\u63a5\u5b57
\n if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {
\n perror("socket failed");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6eSO_REUSEADDR
\n int opt = 1;
\n if (setsockopt(server_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &opt, sizeof(opt))) {
\n perror("setsockopt failed");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n }<\/p>\n

address.sin_family = AF_INET;
\n address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
\n address.sin_port = htons(PORT);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57
\n if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0) {
\n perror("bind failed");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c
\n if (listen(server_fd, MAX_CLIENTS) < 0) {
\n perror("listen failed");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n }<\/p>\n

printf("Server listening on port %d\\\\n", PORT);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u5668
\n struct sigaction sa;
\n sa.sa_handler = zombie_handler;
\n sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
\n sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
\n if (sigaction(SIGCHLD, &sa, NULL) == -1) {
\n perror("sigaction failed");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n }<\/p>\n

while (1) {
\n \/\/ \u63a5\u53d7\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5
\n if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, (socklen_t*)&addrlen)) < 0) {
\n perror("accept failed");
\n continue;
\n }<\/p>\n

printf("New connection from %s:%d\\\\n",
\n inet_ntoa(address.sin_addr), ntohs(address.sin_port));<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5
\n pid_t pid = fork();
\n if (pid < 0) {
\n perror("fork failed");
\n close(new_socket);
\n continue;
\n }<\/p>\n

if (pid == 0) { \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b
\n close(server_fd); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42
\n while (1) {
\n memset(buffer, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
\n ssize_t bytes_read = read(new_socket, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE – 1);<\/p>\n

if (bytes_read <= 0) {
\n if (bytes_read == 0)
\n printf("Client disconnected\\\\n");
\n else
\n perror("read error");
\n break;
\n }<\/p>\n

printf("Received: %s", buffer);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42（\u793a\u4f8b：\u56de\u663e）
\n char *response = "HTTP\/1.1 200 OK\\\\r\\\\n"
\n "Content-Type: text\/plain\\\\r\\\\n"
\n "Connection: close\\\\r\\\\n"
\n "\\\\r\\\\n"
\n "Hello from server!";<\/p>\n

send(new_socket, response, strlen(response), 0);
\n }<\/p>\n

close(new_socket);
\n exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
\n } else { \/\/ \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b
\n close(new_socket); \/\/ \u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6<\/h2>\n
  • \n

    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n
  • \n

    fork()\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

    #include <unistd.h><\/p>\n

    pid_t fork(void);
    \n\/*
    \n \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u8fdb\u7a0b ID， \u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de -1\u3002
    \n*\/ <\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/li>\n

    #include <stdio.h>
    \n#include <unistd.h><\/p>\n

    int main()
    \n{
    \npid_t mypid = fork();\/\/mypid \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bpid
    \nif(mypid == 0) \/\/ pid == 0 \u8868\u793a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \nprintf("I am child process\\\\n");
    \nelse \/\/\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \n{
    \nprintf("Child process ID is %d\\\\n", mypid);
    \nsleep(30);
    \n}<\/p>\n

    if(mypid == 0)
    \nputs("END Child process");
    \nelse
    \nputs("end parent process");
    \nreturn 0;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    \/*
    \n\u6b64\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5，\u4f46\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u672a\u8c03\u7528wait（）\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u8005waitpid（）\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u72b6\u6001\u3002
    \n\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d，if(pid == 0)\u65f6，\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，else\u4ee3\u8868\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \n\u6253\u5370mypid\u7684\u503c\u5373\u4e3a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u3002
    \n*\/ <\/p>\n

    \u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u8d77\u6765\u4e4b\u540e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u89c1\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5，\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u672a\u8c03\u7528wait\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u8005waitpid\u51fd\u6570，\u6545\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6210\u4e3a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5728\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728，\u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185ps \u67e5\u770b\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u5c55\u793a，\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u4e3a2252，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bID\u4e3a2253，\u5728\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b58\u7eed\u671f\u95f4，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6210\u4e3a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4e5f\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0SIGCHLD\u00a0\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

    #include <signal.h><\/p>\n

    void (*signal(int signo, void(*func)(int)))(int);
    \n\/*
    \n \u5728\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7\u65f6\u8c03\u7528，\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\u524d\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488
    \n \u53c2\u6570\u4e3aint \u7c7b\u578b，\u8fd4\u56devoid \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488
    \nsigno\u5e38\u7528\u53c2\u6570：{
    \n SIGINT (2) – \u4e2d\u65ad\u4fe1\u53f7 (Ctrl+C)
    \n SIGSEGV (11) – \u6bb5\u9519\u8bef (\u65e0\u6548\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee)
    \n SIGTERM (15) – \u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7 (kill\u9ed8\u8ba4)
    \n SIGCHLD (17) – \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u6539\u53d8
    \n SIGALRM (14) – \u5b9a\u65f6\u5668\u5230\u671f
    \n }
    \n*\/ <\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：（\u6ce8\u518c\u4fe1\u53f7\u548c\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570）<\/p>\n

    signal(SIGCHLD, myfunc);
    \n\/\/\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u4fe1\u53f7\u4ea7\u751f\u5219\u8c03\u7528myfunc\u51fd\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 alarm()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n

    #include <unistd.h><\/p>\n

    unsigned int alarm(unsigned int seconds);
    \n\/\/\u8fd4\u56de0，\u6216\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u7684\u8dddSIGALRM\u4fe1\u53f7\u53d1\u751f\u6240\u5269\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u679c\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u6574\u5f62\u53c2\u6570，\u76f8\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u540e（\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d）\u5c06\u4ea7\u751fSIGALRM\u4fe1\u53f7，\u82e5\u5411\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u9012 0，\u5219\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9SIGALRM\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u9884\u7ea6\u5c06\u53d6\u6d88\u3002\u5982\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u9884\u7ea6\u4fe1\u53f7\u540e\u672a\u6307\u5b9a\u8be5\u4fe1\u53f7\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570，\u5219（\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528signal\u51fd\u6570）\u7ec8\u6b62\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6ce8\u610f！！<\/p>\n

    \u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

    #include <stdio.h>
    \n#include <unistd.h>
    \n#include <signal.h><\/p>\n

    void time_out(int sig)\/\/alarm\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570
    \n{
    \nif(sig == SIGALRM)
    \n{
    \nprintf("time_out\\\\n");
    \n}
    \nalarm(2);
    \n}<\/p>\n

    void func(int sig) \/\/ctrl+c \u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570
    \n{
    \nif(sig == SIGINT)
    \nputs("CTRL + C is prossed");
    \n}
    \nint main()
    \n{
    \nint i;
    \nsignal(SIGALRM, time_out);
    \nsignal(SIGINT, func);
    \nalarm(2);
    \nfor(i = 0;i<3;i++) \/\/\u6bcf\u969450s\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u6b21，\u7406\u8bba\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u6267\u884c150s\u3002
    \n{
    \nputs("loading>>>>");
    \nsleep(50);
    \n}
    \n return 0;
    \n} <\/p>\n

    \u8f93\u51fa\u6548\u679c：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u53ef\u89c1，\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u9645\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u5230\u5341\u79d2，\u5982\u679c\u6309\u4e0bctrl+c\u5219\u66f4\u5feb\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u53d1\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7\u65f6\u5c06\u5524\u9192\u7531\u4e8e\u8c03\u7528sleep\u51fd\u6570\u800c\u8fdb\u5165\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5373：\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u81ea\u7136\u6267\u884c，\u4e0d\u8f93\u5165ctrl+c，\u5219\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6bcf\u4e24\u79d2\u4ea7\u751fSIGALR\u4fe1\u53f7，\u540c\u65f6\u5524\u9192sleep\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5373\u9000\u51fasleep\u72b6\u6001，\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2dfor\u5faa\u73af\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u4e0a\u6b21，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e09\u6b21\u8fdb\u5165sleep，\u540c\u65f6\u6ca1\u4e24\u79d2\u4e5f\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf2s\u88ab\u5524\u9192\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9000\u51fasleep，\u6240\u4ee5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u5982\u56fe\u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6309\u4e0bctrl+c\u65f6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4fe1\u53f7SIGINT\u4fe1\u53f7\u5524\u9192sleep\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6240\u4ee5\u4e5f\u53ea\u4f1a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e09\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u4e09\u6b21\u5faa\u73af，\u800c\u6bcf\u6b21\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u4ea7\u751f\u90fd\u4f1a\u6253\u65adsleep\u72b6\u6001，\u5524\u9192\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6240\u4ee5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u4fe1\u53f7\u5524\u9192\u4e0a\u6b21，\u4e5f\u53ea\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e09\u6b21\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 sigaction()\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6b64\u5904\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e2asigaction\u51fd\u6570，\u5b83\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8esignal\u51fd\u6570，\u4e14\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u66ff\u6362signal\u51fd\u6570，\u4e14\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u201csigaction\u51fd\u6570\u5728UNIX\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c，\u800csignal\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u533a\u522b\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

    #include <signal.h><\/p>\n

    int sigaction(int signo, const struct sigaction *act, struct sigaction*oldact);
    \n\/\/\u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de 0， \u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de-1.
    \n\/*
    \n signo: \u4e0esignal\u51fd\u6570\u76f8\u540c，\u4f20\u9012\u4fe1\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f
    \n act：\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u4fe1\u606f
    \n oldact:\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u4e4b\u524d\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488，\u82e5\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5219\u4f20\u9012 0
    \n*\/<\/p>\n

    struct sigaction
    \n{
    \n void (*sa_handler)(int);
    \n sigset_t sa_mask;
    \n int sa_flags;
    \n};
    \n\/*
    \n sa_mask\u548csa_flags\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u5747\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3a 0 \u5373\u53ef，\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u4fe1\u53f7\u76f8\u5173\u7684 \u9009\u9879 \u548c \u7279\u6027，\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u4ea7\u751f\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6545\u7701\u7565\u3002
    \n sa_handler：\u4fdd\u5b58\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6307\u9488\u503c（\u5730\u5740\u503c）\u3002
    \n*\/ <\/p>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5219\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a：<\/p>\n

    #include <stdio.h>
    \n#include <unistd.h>
    \n#include <signal.h><\/p>\n

    void time_out(int sig)\/\/alarm\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u5230\u8fbe\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570
    \n{
    \nif(sig == SIGALRM)
    \n{
    \nprintf("time_out\\\\n");
    \n}
    \nalarm(2);
    \n}<\/p>\n

    void func(int sig) \/\/ctrl+c \u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570
    \n{
    \nif(sig == SIGINT)
    \nputs("CTRL + C is prossed");
    \n}
    \nint main()
    \n{
    \nint i;
    \n struct sigaction act;
    \n act.sa_handler = time_out;
    \n sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask);
    \n act.sa_flags = 0;
    \n sigaction(SIGALRM, &act, 0);
    \n alarm(2);<\/p>\n

    struct sigaction act_pro;
    \n act_pro.sa_handler = func;
    \n sigemptyset(&act_pro.sa_mask);
    \n act_pro.sa_flags = 0;
    \n sigaction(SIGINT, &act_pro, 0);<\/p>\n

    for(i = 0;i<3;i++) \/\/\u6bcf\u969450s\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u6b21，\u7406\u8bba\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u6267\u884c150s\u3002
    \n{
    \nputs("loading>>>>");
    \nsleep(50);
    \n}
    \n return 0;
    \n} <\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\"\"<\/p>\n

    \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

    \/\/ \u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u79bb
    \nif (pid == 0) {
    \n close(server_fd); \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57
    \n} else {
    \n close(new_socket); \/\/ \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5957\u63a5\u5b57
    \n} <\/p>\n

    \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0bTCP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/h3>\n

    \u5b8c\u6574\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n

    #include <stdio.h>
    \n#include <stdlib.h>
    \n#include <unistd.h>
    \n#include <string.h>
    \n#include <sys\/socket.h>
    \n#include <netinet\/in.h>
    \n#include <arpa\/inet.h>
    \n#include <sys\/wait.h><\/p>\n

    #define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1"
    \n#define SERVER_PORT 8080
    \n#define NUM_CLIENTS 3
    \n#define BUFFER_SIZE 1024<\/p>\n

    void client_process(int client_id) {
    \n int sock = 0;
    \n struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    \n char buffer[BUFFER_SIZE] = {0};<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57
    \n if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
    \n perror("socket creation failed");
    \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    \n }<\/p>\n

    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    \n serv_addr.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8f6c\u6362IP\u5730\u5740
    \n if (inet_pton(AF_INET, SERVER_IP, &serv_addr.sin_addr) <= 0) {
    \n perror("invalid address");
    \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    \n }<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668
    \n if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
    \n perror("connection failed");
    \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    \n }<\/p>\n

    printf("Client %d connected to server\\\\n", client_id);<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42
    \n char message[BUFFER_SIZE];
    \n snprintf(message, sizeof(message),
    \n "GET \/ HTTP\/1.1\\\\r\\\\n"
    \n "Host: localhost\\\\r\\\\n"
    \n "User-Agent: Client\/%d\\\\r\\\\n"
    \n "\\\\r\\\\n", client_id);<\/p>\n

    send(sock, message, strlen(message), 0);
    \n printf("Client %d sent request\\\\n", client_id);<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94
    \n ssize_t bytes_read;
    \n while ((bytes_read = read(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE – 1)) > 0) {
    \n buffer[bytes_read] = '\\\\0';
    \n printf("Client %d received:\\\\n%s\\\\n", client_id, buffer);
    \n }<\/p>\n

    close(sock);
    \n printf("Client %d disconnected\\\\n", client_id);
    \n exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
    \n}<\/p>\n

    int main() {
    \n pid_t pids[NUM_CLIENTS];<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \n for (int i = 0; i < NUM_CLIENTS; i++) {
    \n pids[i] = fork();<\/p>\n

    if (pids[i] < 0) {
    \n perror("fork failed");
    \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    \n }<\/p>\n

    if (pids[i] == 0) { \/\/ \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \n client_process(i + 1);
    \n }
    \n }<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f
    \n for (int i = 0; i < NUM_CLIENTS; i++) {
    \n waitpid(pids[i], NULL, 0);
    \n }<\/p>\n

    printf("All clients completed\\\\n");
    \n return 0;
    \n} <\/p>\n

    \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f<\/h4>\n
  • \n
    \u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5<\/h5>\n

    for (int i = 0; i < NUM_CLIENTS; i++) {
    \n pids[i] = fork();
    \n if (pids[i] == 0) {
    \n client_process(i + 1);
    \n }
    \n} <\/li>\n

  • \n
    \u8bf7\u6c42\u5b9a\u5236<\/h5>\n

    snprintf(message, sizeof(message),
    \n "GET \/ HTTP\/1.1\\\\r\\\\n"
    \n "Host: localhost\\\\r\\\\n"
    \n "User-Agent: Client\/%d\\\\r\\\\n"
    \n "\\\\r\\\\n", client_id); <\/li>\n

  • \n
    \u54cd\u5e94\u5904\u7406<\/h5>\n

    while ((bytes_read = read(sock, buffer, BUFFER_SIZE – 1)) > 0) {
    \n buffer[bytes_read] = '\\\\0';
    \n printf("Client %d received:\\\\n%s\\\\n", client_id, buffer);
    \n} <\/li>\n

    \u7cfb\u7edf\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0e\u4f18\u5316<\/h3>\n

    \u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

    # \u7f16\u8bd1\u670d\u52a1\u5668
    \ngcc server.c -o server<\/p>\n

    # \u7f16\u8bd1\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
    \ngcc client.c -o client<\/p>\n

    # \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668
    \n.\/server<\/p>\n

    # \u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u542f\u52a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
    \n.\/client <\/p>\n

    \u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f<\/h4>\n
  • \n
    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u6280\u672f<\/h5>\n

    #define POOL_SIZE 5<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u9884\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \nfor (int i = 0; i < POOL_SIZE; i++) {
    \n pid_t pid = fork();
    \n if (pid == 0) {
    \n worker_process(); \/\/ \u5de5\u4f5c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5faa\u73af\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42
    \n }
    \n} <\/li>\n

  • \n
    \u8fde\u63a5\u590d\u7528<\/h5>\n

    \/\/ \u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\u800c\u975e\u6bcf\u6b21\u65b0\u5efa
    \nwhile (1) {
    \n \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42
    \n process_request(socket);
    \n} <\/li>\n

  • \n
    \u8d1f\u8f7d\u76d1\u63a7<\/h5>\n

    void monitor_load() {
    \n struct rusage usage;
    \n getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &usage);
    \n printf("CPU usage: %ld.%06ld sec\\\\n",
    \n usage.ru_utime.tv_sec, usage.ru_utime.tv_usec);
    \n} <\/li>\n

    \u5b89\u5168\u589e\u5f3a<\/h4>\n
  • \n
    \u6743\u9650\u964d\u7ea7<\/h5>\n

    if (setuid(getuid()) < 0) {
    \n perror("setuid failed");
    \n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    \n} <\/li>\n

  • \n
    \u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236<\/h5>\n

    #include <sys\/resource.h><\/p>\n

    struct rlimit limit = {
    \n .rlim_cur = 100, \/\/ 100\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
    \n .rlim_max = 100
    \n};
    \nsetrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &limit); <\/li>\n

  • \n
    \u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h5>\n

    \/\/ \u9a8c\u8bc1\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e
    \nif (strstr(buffer, "malicious") != NULL) {
    \n close(socket);
    \n return;
    \n} <\/li>\n

    \u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55<\/h3>\n

    \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n
  • \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1（HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668）<\/li>\n
  • \u5e76\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n
  • \u5b9e\u65f6\u901a\u4fe1\u5e94\u7528<\/li>\n
  • \u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u8282\u70b9<\/li>\n
  • \u538b\u529b\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/li>\n

    \u6269\u5c55\u65b9\u5411<\/h4>\n
  • \n

    \u6dfb\u52a0SSL\/TLS\u52a0\u5bc6<\/p>\n

    #include <openssl\/ssl.h><\/p>\n

    SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_server_method());
    \nSSL *ssl = SSL_new(ctx);
    \nSSL_set_fd(ssl, socket);
    \nSSL_accept(ssl);
    \nSSL_read(ssl, buffer, sizeof(buffer)); <\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5b9e\u73b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u7ba1\u9053
    \nint pipefd[2];
    \npipe(pipefd);
    \nwrite(pipefd[1], data, size); <\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u6dfb\u52a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

    void log_message(const char *msg) {
    \n FILE *log = fopen("server.log", "a");
    \n fprintf(log, "[%ld] %s\\\\n", time(NULL), msg);
    \n fclose(log);
    \n} <\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u914d\u7f6e\u70ed\u91cd\u8f7d<\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528SIGHUP\u4fe1\u53f7
    \nsignal(SIGHUP, reload_config); <\/li>\n

    \u603b\u7ed3\u5bf9\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\u7279\u6027\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684<\/td>\n\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5<\/td>\n\u6a21\u62df\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8fdb\u7a0b\u89d2\u8272<\/td>\n\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u534f\u8c03，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017<\/td>\n\u8f83\u9ad8（\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b）<\/td>\n\u53ef\u63a7（\u53ef\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f<\/td>\n\u957f\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n\u6d4b\u8bd5\/\u6279\u91cf\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u9ad8（\u9700\u5904\u7406\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b）<\/td>\n\u4e2d（\u8f83\u7b80\u5355）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0bTCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c55\u793a\u4e86C\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u8fd0\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f16\u7a0b\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236\u6280\u672f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u51fa\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5173\u952e\u70b9\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

  • \u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406：\u5904\u7406\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u907f\u514d\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u9732<\/li>\n
  • \u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d：\u53ca\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/li>\n
  • \u5065\u58ee\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406：\u5e94\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n
  • \u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u67b6\u6784：\u652f\u6301\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u7b49\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f<\/li>\n

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