{"id":44110,"date":"2025-06-17T01:43:24","date_gmt":"2025-06-16T17:43:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44110.html"},"modified":"2025-06-17T01:43:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-16T17:43:24","slug":"linux%e5%bc%80%e6%9c%ba%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86%e4%bb%a5%e5%8f%8a%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%bc%80%e5%85%b3%e6%9c%ba-linux023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44110.html","title":{"rendered":"linux\u5f00\u673a\u539f\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u5173\u673a-linux023"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4>linux\u5f00\u673a\u539f\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u5173\u673a<\/h4>\n<h4>Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6982\u8ff0<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u9636\u6bb5\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u5bfc<\/td>\n<td>\u542f\u52a8\u65f6&#xff0c;BIOS\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u68c0&#xff0c;\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u786c\u76d8\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u63a5\u7ba1\u786c\u4ef6\u540e&#xff0c;\u8bfb\u53d6\/boot\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u8fd0\u884c init<\/td>\n<td>init\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d77\u70b9&#xff0c;\u8d1f\u8d23\u542f\u52a8\u5176\u4ed6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u8bfb\u53d6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/inittab&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/td>\n<td>init\u6267\u884c\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit\u811a\u672c&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u5982\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5efa\u7acb\u7ec8\u7aef<\/td>\n<td>init\u6253\u5f006\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef&#xff08;tty1\u81f3tty6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6inittab\u5b9a\u4e49\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<td>\u7528\u6237\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u3001SSH\u6216\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u3002login\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd&#xff0c;\u6587\u672c\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u901a\u8fc7mingetty\u542f\u52a8\u7ec8\u7aef&#xff0c;\u9a8c\u8bc1\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>init \u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ca\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>init\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7c7b\u578b\u63cf\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>SysV<\/td>\n<td>init&#xff0c;CentOS 5\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\/etc\/inittab<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Upstart<\/td>\n<td>init&#xff0c;CentOS 6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\/etc\/inittab, \/etc\/init\/*.conf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Systemd<\/td>\n<td>systemd&#xff0c;CentOS 7\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/td>\n<td>\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system, \/etc\/systemd\/system<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b&#xff08;Runlevel&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>0<\/td>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u505c\u673a\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1<\/td>\n<td>\u5355\u7528\u6237\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;root\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4&#xff0c;\u7981\u6b62\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2<\/td>\n<td>\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001&#xff08;\u6ca1\u6709NFS&#xff09;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3<\/td>\n<td>\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u591a\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001&#xff08;\u6709NFS&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u7559<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5<\/td>\n<td>X11\u63a7\u5236\u53f0&#xff0c;\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u5f62GUI\u6a21\u5f0f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6<\/td>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6b63\u5e38\u5173\u95ed\u5e76\u91cd\u542f&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbe\u4e3a6&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u542f\u52a8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6b65\u9aa4\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6267\u884crc.sysinit\u811a\u672c<\/td>\n<td>init\u8c03\u7528\/etc\/rc.d\/rc.sysinit\u811a\u672c&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff0c;\u5982\u6fc0\u6d3b\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u786c\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\u7b49\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u542f\u52a8\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<td>\/etc\/rc.d\/rc\u811a\u672c\u63a5\u53d7\u4e0d\u540c\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528\/etc\/rc.d\/rc5.d\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u811a\u672c\u4ee5S&#xff08;start&#xff09;\u6216K&#xff08;stop&#xff09;\u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u542f\u52a8\u6216\u505c\u6b62\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u811a\u672c\u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<td>\u6839\u636e\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u53d8\u5316&#xff0c;init\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884cstart\u6216stop\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u91cd\u542f\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u767b\u5f55\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u767b\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u8fc7mingetty\u7a0b\u5e8f\u767b\u5f55&#xff0c;login\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0e\u5bc6\u7801\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SSH\u767b\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>\u7528\u6237\u8fdc\u7a0b\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u767b\u5f55<\/td>\n<td>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fdb\u5165\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762\u767b\u5f55\u5e76\u8fdb\u5165KDE\u3001Gnome\u7b49\u7a97\u53e3\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e0e\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u5207\u6362<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5207\u6362\u65b9\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u547d\u4ee4\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362<\/td>\n<td>\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl &#043; Alt &#043; F1 ~ F6\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u540c\u547d\u4ee4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u7a97\u53e3\u5207\u6362<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6309Ctrl &#043; Alt &#043; F1 ~ F6\u8fdb\u5165\u547d\u4ee4\u7a97\u53e3&#xff0c;\u6309Ctrl &#043; Alt &#043; F7\u56de\u5230\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>VMware\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5207\u6362<\/td>\n<td>\u5728VMware\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528Alt &#043; Space &#043; F1 ~ F6\u5207\u6362\u547d\u4ee4\u7a97\u53e3&#xff0c;\u6216Alt &#043; Shift &#043; Ctrl &#043; F1 ~ F6\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u547d\u4ee4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>Linux \u5173\u673a\u4e0e\u91cd\u542f<\/h4>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\u63cf\u8ff0<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>sync<\/td>\n<td>\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u7531\u5185\u5b58\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>shutdown<\/td>\n<td>\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u673a&#xff0c;\u652f\u6301\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5173\u673a&#xff0c;\u5982shutdown \u2013h 10\u572810\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5173\u673a&#xff0c;shutdown \u2013h now\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u673a&#xff0c;shutdown \u2013r now\u7acb\u5373\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>reboot<\/td>\n<td>\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eshutdown \u2013r now&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>halt<\/td>\n<td>\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eshutdown \u2013h now\u548cpoweroff&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5173\u95ed\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h4>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n<li>\n<p>\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a; shutdown \u2013h now, halt, poweroff, init 0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u91cd\u542f\u547d\u4ee4&#xff1a; shutdown \u2013r now, reboot, init 6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb937\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e5\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf5\u6b21\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u5bfc\u3001init\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\uff0cinit\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6839\u636e\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff080-6\uff09\u542f\u52a8\u76f8\u5e94\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\/etc\/inittab\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5404\u5c42\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5305\u62ec\u786c\u4ef6\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5f00\u542f\u7ec8\u7aef\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl+Alt+F1-F6\u5207\u6362\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u62ecshutdown -h now\u3001halt\u548cpoweroff\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u53ef\u7528shutdown -r now\u6216reboot\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\uff08SysVinit\/Upstart\/systemd<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,81,1468],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-44110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-linux","tag-python","tag-shell"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>linux\u5f00\u673a\u539f\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u5173\u673a-linux023 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/44110.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"linux\u5f00\u673a\u539f\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5f00\u5173\u673a-linux023 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb937\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e5\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf5\u6b21\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u5bfc\u3001init\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u56db\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5185\u6838\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\uff0cinit\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6839\u636e\u8fd0\u884c\u7ea7\u522b\uff080-6\uff09\u542f\u52a8\u76f8\u5e94\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\/etc\/inittab\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u5404\u5c42\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5305\u62ec\u786c\u4ef6\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u5f00\u542f\u7ec8\u7aef\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6216\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u767b\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Ctrl+Alt+F1-F6\u5207\u6362\u7ec8\u7aef\u3002\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u62ecshutdown -h now\u3001halt\u548cpoweroff\uff0c\u91cd\u542f\u53ef\u7528shutdown 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