![\"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250615000109-684e0d453f59a.gif\")
<\/p>\n \u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90，\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6 <\/p>\n
\u7b80\u4ecb：Apache Tomcat\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Java Servlet\u5bb9\u5668，\u652f\u6301\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u672c\u7248\u7279\u63078.5.72\u7248\u672c\u7684Tomcat，\u652f\u6301Java EE 8\u89c4\u8303\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027，\u5982Servlet 4.0\u548cJSP 2.3\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Tomcat\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6，\u5982Servlet\u3001JSP\u548cEL\u6280\u672f，\u4ee5\u53caWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u96c6\u7fa4\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u5177，\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86Tomcat\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u53ca\u5bf9Java Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002 ![\"apache-tomcat-8.5.72.zip\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250615000109-684e0d4547364.png\")
<\/p>\n
Apache Tomcat\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cServlet\u5bb9\u5668，\u7531Apache\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aJava EE\u6280\u672f\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206，Tomcat\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884cJava\u4ee3\u7801，\u4f7f\u5f97Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u8bf8\u5982HTTP\u548cHTTPS\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u867d\u7136Tomcat\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5b8c\u6574\u7684Java EE\u652f\u6301，\u5b83\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5c0f\u578b\u5230\u4e2d\u578bJava Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002 <\/p>\n
Tomcat\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u4e3b\u8981\u5f97\u76ca\u4e8e\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f00\u6e90\u9879\u76ee\u6613\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e： <\/p>\n
Tomcat\u62e5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5c42\u7684\u67b6\u6784，\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5305\u62ec： <\/p>\n
Tomcat\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5141\u8bb8\u5176\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5c55，\u4f8b\u5982，\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u6765\u652f\u6301\u65b0\u7684\u534f\u8bae，\u6216\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\u6765\u589e\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u662f\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7684\u5f00\u6e90Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 <\/p>\n
Tomcat\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u6587\u6863\u652f\u6301，\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5Web\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177，\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u4f01\u4e1a\u90e8\u7f72\u5c0f\u578b\u5230\u4e2d\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Tomcat\u7684\u7248\u672c\u7279\u6027\u3001\u6280\u672f\u4eae\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3Web\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528\u5b83\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Tomcat 8.5.72\u7248\u672c\u7684\u65b0\u589e\u529f\u80fd\u4e0e\u6539\u8fdb，\u5e76\u5206\u6790\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u4e0e\u4fee\u590d\u9879\u3002\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7279\u6027\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u529f\u80fd\u4e0a\u6709\u6240\u6269\u5c55，\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 <\/p>\n
Tomcat 8.5.72\u7248\u672c\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u591a\u9879\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6539\u8fdb，\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3aWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u6539\u8fdb\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u673a\u5236，\u8be5\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406，\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u9009\u9879，\u4f7f\u5f97\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u7cbe\u786e\u5730\u63a7\u5236\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4，\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9JASPIC\u7684\u652f\u6301，\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u7684Java API，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u65b0\u529f\u80fd，\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u662f8.5.72\u7248\u672c\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eae\u70b9\u3002Tomcat\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5bf9\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u4e0a\u3002\u57288.5.72\u7248\u672c\u4e2d，\u5bf9\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u91cd\u5199，\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8I\/O\u6027\u80fd，\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u3002\u6b64\u5916，\u4fee\u590d\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u5df2\u77e5\u7684bug，\u8fd9\u4e9bbug\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n
Servlet\u6280\u672f\u662fJava EE\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206，Tomcat\u4f5c\u4e3aServlet\u5bb9\u5668，\u5176\u5bf9Servlet\u6280\u672f\u7684\u652f\u6301\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n
Servlet\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5305\u62ec\u52a0\u8f7d\u3001\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5316\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u9500\u6bc1\u7b49\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u3002Tomcat\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u6765\u7ba1\u7406Servlet\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76d1\u542c\u5668\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u90e8\u7f72\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e2d\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8c03\u7528Servlet\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f18\u5316Web\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u8bca\u65ad\u95ee\u9898\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
\n public void init() throws ServletException {
\n \/\/ Servlet\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801
\n }<\/p>\n
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
\n throws ServletException, IOException {
\n \/\/ \u5904\u7406GET\u8bf7\u6c42
\n }<\/p>\n
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
\n throws ServletException, IOException {
\n \/\/ \u5904\u7406POST\u8bf7\u6c42
\n }<\/p>\n
public void destroy() {
\n \/\/ Servlet\u9500\u6bc1\u4ee3\u7801
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728Tomcat\u4e2d，Servlet\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u56e0\u6b64，\u786e\u4fddServlet\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u907f\u514d\u5728Servlet\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u975e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7c7b，\u5982\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5355\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61，\u9664\u975e\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u540c\u6b65\u3002 <\/p>\n
HTTP\/2\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6700\u65b0\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u534f\u8bae，\u5b83\u65e8\u5728\u6539\u5584HTTP\/1.x\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n
HTTP\/2\u4e3aWeb\u5e94\u7528\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u66f4\u5feb\u3001\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u7387\u3001\u66f4\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a8\u9001\u7b49\u673a\u5236，\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e76\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u9875\u9762\u52a0\u8f7d\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u5728Tomcat\u4e2d\u542f\u7528HTTP\/2\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u73b0\u4ee3Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8981\u5728Tomcat\u4e2d\u542f\u7528HTTP\/2，\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301NPN\/ALPN\u6269\u5c55，\u5e76\u4e14\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e5f\u652f\u6301HTTP\/2\u3002\u7136\u540e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728server.xml\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6eConnector\u6765\u542f\u7528HTTP\/2： <\/p>\n
<Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol"
\n maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" SSLEnabled="true"
\n keystoreFile="conf\/localhost-rsa.jks" keystorePass="changeit"
\n clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"protocol="org.apache.coyote.http2.Http2Protocol"\/><\/p>\n
\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u6d4b\u8bd5HTTP\/2\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u6b63\u786e\u542f\u7528，\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3Tomcat 8.5.72\u7248\u672c\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027\u3001\u6280\u672f\u4eae\u70b9\u4ee5\u53ca\u914d\u7f6e\u4f18\u5316，\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u5168\u9762\u638c\u63e1Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u6280\u5de7\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u5c06\u9010\u4e00\u63a2\u8ba8Tomcat\u5728Web\u5e94\u7528\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u90e8\u7f72\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 <\/p>\n
JSP（Java Server Pages）\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u751f\u6210Web\u9875\u9762\u3002JSP\u9875\u9762\u5728\u9996\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210Servlet，\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d，\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c\u5df2\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684Servlet，\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002JSP\u9875\u9762\u7684\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5： <\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u5c55\u793aJSP\u9875\u9762\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/p>\n
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text\/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
\n<!DOCTYPE html>
\n<html>
\n<head>
\n<title>JSP\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u793a\u4f8b<\/title>
\n<\/head>
\n<body>
\n<%!
\n public void jspInit() {
\n System.out.println("\u521d\u59cb\u5316：jspInit()");
\n }<\/p>\n
public void jspDestroy() {
\n System.out.println("\u9500\u6bc1：jspDestroy()");
\n }<\/p>\n
public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
\n response.setContentType("text\/html;charset=UTF-8");
\n out.println("<h2>\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42：_jspService()<\/h2>");
\n }
\n%>
\n<\/body>
\n<\/html><\/p>\n
JSP\u89c4\u8303\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5728JSP\u9875\u9762\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528，\u65e0\u9700\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u5305\u62ec： request \u3001 response \u3001 pageContext \u3001 session \u3001 application \u3001 out \u3001 config \u3001 page \u3001 exception \u3002 <\/p>\n
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>
\n<%@ page contentType="text\/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
\n<html>
\n<head>
\n <title>JSP\u5185\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u793a\u4f8b<\/title>
\n<\/head>
\n<body>
\n <%– \u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570 –%>
\n <%
\n String para = request.getParameter("param");
\n out.println("\u8bf7\u6c42\u53c2\u6570：" + para + "<br>");
\n %><\/p>\n
<%– \u4f7f\u7528session\u5bf9\u8c61 –%>
\n <%
\n session.setAttribute("sessionName", "sessionValue");
\n %>
\n <%
\n String sessionValue = (String) session.getAttribute("sessionName");
\n out.println("Session\u5c5e\u6027：" + sessionValue + "<br>");
\n %><\/p>\n
<%– \u4f7f\u7528application\u5bf9\u8c61 –%>
\n <%
\n application.setAttribute("applicationName", "applicationValue");
\n %>
\n <%
\n String applicationValue = (String) application.getAttribute("applicationName");
\n out.println("Application\u5c5e\u6027：" + applicationValue + "<br>");
\n %>
\n<\/body>
\n<\/html><\/p>\n
EL（Expression Language）\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u7b80\u5316JSP\u9875\u9762\u4e2dJava\u4ee3\u7801\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97JSP\u9875\u9762\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002 <\/p>\n
EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e3a ${expression} \u3002\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u503c，\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5，\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u96c6\u5408\u7b49\u3002EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u641c\u7d22\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df：page, request, session\u548capplication，\u6309\u6b64\u987a\u5e8f\u3002 <\/p>\n
<%@ page contentType="text\/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
\n<html>
\n<head>
\n <title>EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u793a\u4f8b<\/title>
\n<\/head>
\n<body>
\n <%– \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5c5e\u6027\u5230\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u5bf9\u8c61 –%>
\n <%
\n pageContext.setAttribute("user", "Alice", PageContext.PAGE_SCOPE);
\n request.setAttribute("age", "25", PageContext.REQUEST_SCOPE);
\n session.setAttribute("city", "New York", PageContext.SESSION_SCOPE);
\n %><\/p>\n
<%– \u4f7f\u7528EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8bbf\u95ee –%>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d：${user}<br>
\n \u5e74\u9f84：${age}<br>
\n \u57ce\u5e02：${city}<br>
\n<\/body>
\n<\/html><\/p>\n
EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u503c，\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5b83\u652f\u6301\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97，\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u677f\u5316\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u6e32\u67d3\u3002 <\/p>\n
<%@ page contentType="text\/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
\n<html>
\n<head>
\n <title>EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5728\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/title>
\n<\/head>
\n<body>
\n <%– \u6a21\u62df\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee –%>
\n <%
\n ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
\n list.add("apple");
\n list.add("banana");
\n list.add("cherry");
\n request.setAttribute("fruits", list);
\n %><\/p>\n
<%– \u4f7f\u7528EL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u904d\u5386\u5217\u8868 –%>
\n <ul>
\n <%– JSTL\u6807\u7b7e\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u65b9\u5f0f –%>
\n <%@ taglib uri="http:\/\/java.sun.com\/jsp\/jstl\/core" prefix="c" %>
\n <c:forEach items="${fruits}" var="fruit">
\n <li>${fruit}<\/li>
\n <\/c:forEach>
\n <\/ul>
\n<\/body>
\n<\/html><\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86JSTL（JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library）\u6807\u7b7e\u5e93，\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5e93，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0eEL\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u52a0\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u52a8\u6001Web\u9875\u9762\u529f\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n
Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784，\u8fd8\u76f4\u63a5\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u90e8\u7f72\u6548\u7387\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u548c\u5408\u7406\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u4fbf\u6377\u6027\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206： <\/p>\n
webapp\/
\n\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 META-INF\/
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 context.xml # \u5e94\u7528\u7ea7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 WEB-INF\/
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 classes\/ # \u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684.class\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 lib\/ # \u5e94\u7528\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684JAR\u5305
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 web.xml # Web\u5e94\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 [other configuration files] # \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5982Spring\u6216Struts\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 static\/
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 css\/ # \u5b58\u653e\u6837\u5f0f\u8868
\n\u2502 \u251c\u2500\u2500 js\/ # \u5b58\u653eJavaScript\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 images\/ # \u5b58\u653e\u56fe\u7247\u8d44\u6e90
\n\u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 templates\/ # \u5b58\u653eJSP\u6216\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6
\n\u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 index.jsp # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u9996\u9875\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7740\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u4fbf\u6377\u6027\u3002\u5408\u7406\u5730\u7ec4\u7ec7\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5feb\u901f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u95f4，\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u5f97\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5c06\u9759\u6001\u8d44\u6e90（CSS\u3001JavaScript\u3001\u56fe\u7247\u7b49）\u653e\u7f6e\u5728\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b，\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u66f4\u65b0，\u8fd8\u80fd\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u65f6\u4f18\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u8def\u5f84，\u63d0\u5347\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u90e8\u7f72Web\u5e94\u7528\u662f\u6307\u5c06\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684WAR\u5305（Web Archive）\u6587\u4ef6\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4ee5\u4f9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b\u662fWeb\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4，\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u751f\u6210WAR\u5305\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u542f\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u884c\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u7b49\u73af\u8282\u3002 <\/p>\n
WAR（Web Archive）\u5305\u662fJava EE\u4e2d\u7528\u6765\u6253\u5305Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u751f\u6210WAR\u5305\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b： <\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528Maven\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u751f\u6210WAR\u5305\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801： <\/p>\n
# \u5047\u8bbe\u4f7f\u7528Maven\u6784\u5efa\u5de5\u5177
\nmvn clean package<\/p>\n
Maven\u7684 pom.xml \u6587\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b： <\/p>\n
<project>
\n <!– … –>
\n <build>
\n <finalName>my-webapp<\/finalName>
\n <plugins>
\n <plugin>
\n <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins<\/groupId>
\n <artifactId>maven-war-plugin<\/artifactId>
\n <version>3.2.3<\/version>
\n <configuration>
\n <failOnMissingWebXml>false<\/failOnMissingWebXml>
\n <\/configuration>
\n <\/plugin>
\n <\/plugins>
\n <\/build>
\n<\/project><\/p>\n
\u6267\u884c mvn clean package \u540e，Maven\u4f1a\u5728 target \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u540d\u4e3a my-webapp.war \u7684WAR\u5305\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u90e8\u7f72\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u9700\u8981\u542f\u52a8Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u6b64\u65f6Tomcat\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b webapps \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684WAR\u5305\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u542f\u52a8\u548c\u505c\u6b62Tomcat： <\/p>\n
\u542f\u52a8Tomcat： <\/p>\n
# \u8fdb\u5165Tomcat\u7684bin\u76ee\u5f55
\ncd tomcat_directory\/bin
\n# Windows\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528
\n.\/startup.bat
\n# Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528
\n.\/startup.sh<\/p>\n
\u505c\u6b62Tomcat： <\/p>\n
# Windows\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528
\n.\/shutdown.bat
\n# Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528
\n.\/shutdown.sh<\/p>\n
\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u4e0d\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u66f4\u65b0\u6216\u66ff\u6362Web\u5e94\u7528，\u63d0\u9ad8\u90e8\u7f72\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5728Tomcat\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72，\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u65b0\u7684WAR\u5305\u653e\u5165 webapps \u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u66ff\u6362\u5df2\u6709\u7684WAR\u5305，Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u65f6\u95f4（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u6bcf\u96945\u79d2）\u68c0\u67e5 webapps \u76ee\u5f55\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u90e8\u7f72\u7684Web\u5e94\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3\u7b2c4\u7ae0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e86Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219，\u5305\u62ec\u6807\u51c6\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u6210\u53ca\u4e0e\u90e8\u7f72\u6548\u7387\u7684\u5173\u7cfb，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u6b65\u9aa4\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u6d41\u7a0b，\u5305\u62ecWAR\u5305\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u90e8\u7f72\u4ee5\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4e0e\u70ed\u90e8\u7f72\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9，\u8bfb\u8005\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3Web\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u6b65\u9aa4，\u8fd8\u80fd\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u4f18\u5316\u90e8\u7f72\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d， server.xml \u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00，\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u7ec4\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5178\u578b\u7684 server.xml \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a <Server> \u5143\u7d20，\u5b83\u662fTomcat\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u9876\u5c42\u5bb9\u5668\u3002 <Server> \u5185\u90e8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a <Service> \u5143\u7d20，\u6bcf\u4e2a <Service> \u5143\u7d20\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u5668（Connector）\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668（Container），\u5176\u4e2d\u5bb9\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u662f <Engine> \u3002 <\/p>\n
<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
\n <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" \/>
\n <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" \/>
\n <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" \/>
\n <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" \/>
\n <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" \/>
\n <GlobalNamingResources>
\n <!– GlobalNamingResources\u5143\u7d20\u914d\u7f6eJNDI\u8d44\u6e90 –>
\n <\/GlobalNamingResources>
\n <Service name="Catalina">
\n <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP\/1.1"
\n connectionTimeout="20000"
\n redirectPort="8443" \/>
\n <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP\/1.3" redirectPort="8443" \/>
\n <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">
\n <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
\n <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
\n resource="UserDatabase"\/>
\n <\/Realm>
\n <Host name="localhost" appBase="webapps" unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
\n <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteIpValve" \/>
\n <!– \u914d\u7f6e\u5e94\u7528\u57df\u548c\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a –>
\n <\/Host>
\n <\/Engine>
\n <\/Service>
\n<\/Server><\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684 server.xml \u914d\u7f6e\u7247\u6bb5\u4e2d， <Connector> \u5143\u7d20\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u901a\u4fe1\u63a5\u53e3，\u5305\u62ec\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7b49\u3002 <Engine> \u662f\u5904\u7406\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6700\u9876\u5c42\u7ec4\u4ef6，\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a <Host> \u5bb9\u5668，\u6bcf\u4e2a <Host> \u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u4e3b\u673a\u3002 <\/p>\n
web.xml \u6587\u4ef6\u662fWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6，\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2aWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7684 WEB-INF \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f，\u5305\u62ecservlet\u3001filter\u3001listener\u7684\u914d\u7f6e，\u4ee5\u53caURL\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u89d2\u8272\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n
<web-app xmlns="http:\/\/xmlns.jcp.org\/xml\/ns\/javaee"
\n xmlns:xsi="http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2001\/XMLSchema-instance"
\n xsi:schemaLocation="http:\/\/xmlns.jcp.org\/xml\/ns\/javaee
\n http:\/\/xmlns.jcp.org\/xml\/ns\/javaee\/web-app_4_0.xsd"
\n version="4.0">
\n <servlet>
\n <servlet-name>MyServlet<\/servlet-name>
\n <servlet-class>com.example.MyServlet<\/servlet-class>
\n <init-param>
\n <param-name>configuration<\/param-name>
\n <param-value>default<\/param-value>
\n <\/init-param>
\n <\/servlet>
\n <servlet-mapping>
\n <servlet-name>MyServlet<\/servlet-name>
\n <url-pattern>\/my-servlet<\/url-pattern>
\n <\/servlet-mapping>
\n <!– \u5176\u4ed6\u914d\u7f6e，\u5982filter\u3001listener\u7b49 –>
\n<\/web-app><\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d， <servlet> \u5143\u7d20\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a"MyServlet"\u7684servlet，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u7684\u7c7b\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u53c2\u6570\u3002 <servlet-mapping> \u5143\u7d20\u5219\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8be5servlet\u6620\u5c04\u7684URL\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236，\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684servlet\u3001\u4fee\u6539URL\u6a21\u5f0f\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n
Tomcat\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u673a\u5236，\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u6458\u8981\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bc1\u4e66\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7b49\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6388\u6743\u63a7\u5236，Tomcat\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5217\u8868（Role-Based Access Control List，RBAC）\u3002 <\/p>\n
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.authenticator.BasicAuthenticator"
\n allowTrace="false" \/><\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u542f\u7528\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7684Valve\u914d\u7f6e，\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u6388\u6743\u63a7\u5236\u901a\u5e38\u5728 <security-constraint> \u5143\u7d20\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49，\u6307\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237\u6216\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u54ea\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728Tomcat\u4e2d，\u5b89\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7SSL\/TLS\u5b9e\u73b0，\u9700\u8981\u5728Connector\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u52a0\u5bc6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u542f\u7528SSL\u7684Connector\u914d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b： <\/p>\n
<Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP\/1.1"
\n SSLEnabled="true"
\n maxThreads="150"
\n scheme="https"
\n secure="true"
\n keystoreFile="${catalina.home}\/conf\/localhost-rsa.jks"
\n keystorePass="changeit"
\n clientAuth="false"
\n sslProtocol="TLS"\/><\/p>\n
\u5728\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d， SSLEnabled \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a true \u8868\u793a\u542f\u7528\u4e86SSL， keystoreFile \u548c keystorePass \u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5bc6\u94a5\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u5bc6\u7801， sslProtocol \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7684SSL\u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e，Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u8fde\u63a5，\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5728\u4f20\u8f93\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u8fd8\u5e94\u5b9a\u671f\u66f4\u65b0\u5bc6\u94a5\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5bc6\u7801，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u6ce8\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u548c\u66f4\u65b0，\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8，\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9Tomcat\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5185\u5bb9\u6709\u4e86\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6，\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9Tomcat\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u3002\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a2\u8ba8Tomcat\u96c6\u7fa4\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f，\u4ee5\u53ca\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5e94\u7528，\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6df1\u5165Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u90e8\u7f72\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002 <\/p>\n
Tomcat\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684Java\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5176\u96c6\u7fa4\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fddWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u53ca\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8d1f\u8f7d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8Tomcat\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528，\u4ee5\u53ca\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u4e0e\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u96c6\u7fa4\u914d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u524d，\u9996\u5148\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u96c6\u7fa4\u67b6\u6784\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219，\u5305\u62ec\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3001\u5bb9\u9519\u6027\u53ca\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002\u96c6\u7fa4\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a，\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c，\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u4e3a\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u3002\u5408\u7406\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e94\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u523b，\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u54cd\u5e94，\u800c\u4e14\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u901a\u4fe1，\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6a2a\u5411\u6269\u5c55\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u96c6\u7fa4\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u3002Tomcat\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u4f1a\u8bdd\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5236，\u5982\u5355\u4f8b\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u3001\u590d\u5236\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u548c\u57fa\u4e8ecookie\u7684\u4f1a\u8bddID\u5206\u914d\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u96c6\u7fa4\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u9700\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u72b6\u6001\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8282\u70b9\u95f4\u6b63\u786e\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u590d\u5236\u6216\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6765\u5171\u4eab\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/p>\n
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Tomcat\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u5668\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u662f，\u5c06\u591a\u4e2aTomcat\u5b9e\u4f8b\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a，\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u4e4b\u540e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565（\u4f8b\u5982 Sticky Sessions），\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u540c\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u4e2aTomcat\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u6027\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5229\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u5982JConsole\u3001VisualVM\u3001Tomcat Manager\u7b49\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7，\u5305\u62ecJVM\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u7f51\u7edcI\/O\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6f5c\u5728\u74f6\u9888，\u4e3a\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u63d0\u4f9b\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301\u3002 <\/p>\n
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\u7b80\u4ecb：Apache Tomcat\u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Java Servlet\u5bb9\u5668，\u652f\u6301\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90e8\u7f72\u3002\u672c\u7248\u7279\u63078.5.72\u7248\u672c\u7684Tomcat，\u652f\u6301Java EE 8\u89c4\u8303\u53ca\u5176\u5173\u952e\u7279\u6027，\u5982Servlet 4.0\u548cJSP 2.3\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86Tomcat\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6，\u5982Servlet\u3001JSP\u548cEL\u6280\u672f，\u4ee5\u53caWeb\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u96c6\u7fa4\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u7ba1\u7406Tomcat\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u5177，\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86Tomcat\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u89c4\u6a21\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u53ca\u5bf9Java Web\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002 <\/p>\n
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\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb778\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e15\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf25\u6b21\u3002Apache Tomcat\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cServlet\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u7531Apache\u8f6f\u4ef6\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3aJava EE\u6280\u672f\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0cTomcat\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd0\u884cJava\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u8bf8\u5982HTTP\u548cHTTPS\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u867d\u7136Tomcat\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u5b8c\u6574\u7684Java EE\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5b83\u5374\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u88ab\u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u5c0f\u578b\u5230\u4e2d\u578bJava Web\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9996\u9009\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":43814,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-43816","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server"],"yoast_head":"\n