{"id":42849,"date":"2025-06-10T08:56:49","date_gmt":"2025-06-10T00:56:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/42849.html"},"modified":"2025-06-10T08:56:49","modified_gmt":"2025-06-10T00:56:49","slug":"%e5%93%88%e5%b7%a5%e5%a4%a7%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e6%9c%ba%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e5%a4%a7%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%9a-%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%8f%e4%ba%ba%e7%94%9f-hellos-p2p","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/42849.html","title":{"rendered":"\u54c8\u5de5\u5927\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5927\u4f5c\u4e1a \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4eba\u751f-Hello\u2019s P2P"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf<\/p>\n

\u5927\u4f5c\u4e1a<\/p>\n

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\u9898 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u76ee \u00a0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4eba\u751f-Hello\u2019s P2P\u00a0 <\/p>\n

\u4e13\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u4e1a \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0e\u7535\u5b50\u901a\u4fe1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n

\u5b66\u3000\u3000\u00a0\u00a0 \u53f7 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a02023111772\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n

\u73ed\u3000\u3000\u00a0\u00a0 \u7ea7 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a023L0503\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n

\u5b66\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u751f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5f20\u54f2\u745e\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u3000\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n

\u6307 \u5bfc \u6559 \u5e08 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5218\u5b8f\u4f1f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u3000\u3000<\/p>\n

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\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u6280\u672f\u5b66\u9662<\/p>\n

2024\u5e745\u6708<\/p>\n

\u6458\u00a0 \u8981<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u672c\u6587\u4ee5\u201c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4eba\u751f-Hello's P2P\u201d\u4e3a\u4e3b\u9898，\u8be6\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u4eceC\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8fhello.c\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6hello\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f，\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u6c47\u7f16\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u7406\u53caI\/O\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u73af\u8282\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6b65\u9aa4\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u5206\u6790，\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u88ab\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u8f7d\u6267\u884c\u3002\u6587\u7ae0\u8fd8\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f，\u5e76\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\u4ee5\u53ca\u622a\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u6b64\u5916，\u8fd8\u5bf9printf\u548cgetchar\u7b49\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u673a\u5236\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u6df1\u5165\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u952e\u8bcd：\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf；\u7a0b\u5e8f\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f；\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406；\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u7406；\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5；I\/O\u7ba1\u7406\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

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（\u6458\u89810\u5206，\u7f3a\u5931-1\u5206，<\/span>\u6839\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u7cbe\u5f69\u79f0\u90fd\u914c\u60c5\u52a0\u52060-1\u5206<\/span>）<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n<\/p>\n

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\u76ee\u00a0 \u5f55<\/p>\n

\n

\u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u6982\u8ff0……………………………………………………………………….. – 4 –<\/p>\n

1.1 Hello\u7b80\u4ecb…………………………………………………………………. – 4 –<\/p>\n

1.2 \u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177………………………………………………………………… – 4 –<\/p>\n

1.3 \u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c……………………………………………………………………. – 4 –<\/p>\n

1.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3……………………………………………………………………. – 4 –<\/p>\n

\u7b2c2\u7ae0 \u9884\u5904\u7406……………………………………………………………………. – 5 –<\/p>\n

2.1 \u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528………………………………………………….. – 5 –<\/p>\n

2.2\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u547d\u4ee4………………………………………… – 5 –<\/p>\n

2.3 Hello\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790……………………………………………. – 5 –<\/p>\n

2.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3……………………………………………………………………. – 5 –<\/p>\n

\u7b2c3\u7ae0 \u7f16\u8bd1……………………………………………………………………….. – 6 –<\/p>\n

3.1 \u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528……………………………………………………… – 6 –<\/p>\n

3.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4……………………………………………. – 6 –<\/p>\n

3.3 Hello\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790……………………………………………….. – 6 –<\/p>\n

3.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3……………………………………………………………………. – 6 –<\/p>\n

\u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u6c47\u7f16……………………………………………………………………….. – 7 –<\/p>\n

4.1 \u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528……………………………………………………… – 7 –<\/p>\n

4.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u547d\u4ee4……………………………………………. – 7 –<\/p>\n

4.3 \u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807elf\u683c\u5f0f……………………………………………….. – 7 –<\/p>\n

4.4 Hello.o\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790……………………………………………………. – 7 –<\/p>\n

4.5 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3……………………………………………………………………. – 7 –<\/p>\n

\u7b2c5\u7ae0 \u94fe\u63a5……………………………………………………………………….. – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.1 \u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528……………………………………………………… – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4……………………………………………. – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.3 \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6hello\u7684\u683c\u5f0f……………………………………. – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.4 hello\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4………………………………………………… – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.5 \u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u6790………………………………………………. – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.6 hello\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b……………………………………………………….. – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.7 Hello\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5206\u6790……………………………………………….. – 8 –<\/p>\n

5.8 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3……………………………………………………………………. – 9 –<\/p>\n

\u7b2c6\u7ae0 hello\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406…………………………………………………. – 10 –<\/p>\n

6.1 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528……………………………………………………. – 10 –<\/p>\n

6.2 \u7b80\u8ff0\u58f3Shell-bash\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b……………………… – 10 –<\/p>\n

6.3 Hello\u7684fork\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b…………………………………….. – 10 –<\/p>\n

6.4 Hello\u7684execve\u8fc7\u7a0b……………………………………………….. – 10 –<\/p>\n

6.5 Hello\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c…………………………………………………….. – 10 –<\/p>\n

6.6 hello\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406…………………………………………… – 10 –<\/p>\n

6.7\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3…………………………………………………………………… – 10 –<\/p>\n

\u7b2c7\u7ae0 hello\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u7406……………………………………………… – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.1 hello\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4…………………………………………… – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.2 Intel\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7684\u53d8\u6362-\u6bb5\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406………………. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.3 Hello\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u53d8\u6362-\u9875\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406…………. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.4 TLB\u4e0e\u56db\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u7684VA\u5230PA\u7684\u53d8\u6362……………….. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.5 \u4e09\u7ea7Cache\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee………………………….. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.6 hello\u8fdb\u7a0bfork\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04………………………………….. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.7 hello\u8fdb\u7a0bexecve\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04………………………………. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.8 \u7f3a\u9875\u6545\u969c\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406…………………………………………. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.9\u52a8\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u5206\u914d\u7ba1\u7406…………………………………………………….. – 11 –<\/p>\n

7.10\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3…………………………………………………………………. – 12 –<\/p>\n

\u7b2c8\u7ae0 hello\u7684IO\u7ba1\u7406………………………………………………. – 13 –<\/p>\n

8.1 Linux\u7684IO\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5…………………………………………. – 13 –<\/p>\n

8.2 \u7b80\u8ff0Unix IO\u63a5\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u51fd\u6570………………………………………. – 13 –<\/p>\n

8.3 printf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u6790…………………………………………………….. – 13 –<\/p>\n

8.4 getchar\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u6790…………………………………………………. – 13 –<\/p>\n

8.5\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3…………………………………………………………………… – 13 –<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba………………………………………………………………………………….. – 14 –<\/p>\n

\u9644\u4ef6………………………………………………………………………………….. – 15 –<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e…………………………………………………………………………… – 16 –<\/p>\n

\n

\n<\/p>\n

\u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n

1.1 Hello\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n

Hello\u7684P2P\u6307\u7684\u662fFrom Program to Process，\u5373\u5c06hello.c(program)\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u5904\u7406(hello.i)\u3001\u7f16\u8bd1(hello.s)\u3001\u6c47\u7f16(hello.o)\u3001\u94fe\u63a5\u53d8\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6hello，\u7136\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728shell\u4e2d\u6267\u884c，shell\u901a\u8fc7fork\u51fd\u6570\u4e3ahello\u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528execve\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884chello\u3002<\/p>\n

Hello\u7684020\u6307\u7684\u662fFrom Zero-0 to Zero-0，\u5373\u6307\u5728hello\u7a0b\u5e8f\u672a\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6，\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5e76\u65e0hello\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f，\u5373\u5f00\u59cb\u662fZero\u3002\u7b49\u5230hello\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u540e，\u5185\u5b58\u52a0\u8f7dhello\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c，\u7b49\u5230hello\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f，\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5c06hello\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5220\u9664，\u53c8\u53d8\u56deZero，\u8fbe\u6210\u4e86From Zero-0 to Zero-0\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2 \u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n

\u5904\u7406\u5668：12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-12900HX\u00a0\u00a0 2.30 GHz；<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58：32.0 GB；<\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b：64 \u4f4d\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf, \u57fa\u4e8e x64 \u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668；<\/p>\n

\u8f6f\u4ef6\u73af\u5883：VMware；Windows 11；<\/p>\n

\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177：Visual Studio 2022； gdb；gcc；<\/p>\n

1.3 \u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c<\/h3>\n

Hello.i：\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684hello\u4ee3\u7801，\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u7684\u539f\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

Hello.s：\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684hello\u4ee3\u7801，\u662f\u6c47\u7f16\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

Hello.o：\u6c47\u7f16\u540e\u7684hello\u4ee3\u7801，\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

Hello：\u94fe\u63a5\u540e\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

\n

1.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u672c\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86hello\u7684P2P\u548c020\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u548c\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u7136\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u73af\u5883，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177，\u6700\u540e\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u7531hello\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u5b57，\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

（\u7b2c1\u7ae00.5\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\n<\/p>\n

\u7b2c2\u7ae0 \u9884\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n

2.1 \u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n

\u6982\u5ff5：\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668cpp\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26#\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4，\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u59cb\u7684C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f97\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aC\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u4ee5.i\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528：\u5c06#include\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u63d2\u5165\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u672c\u4e2d，\u6839\u636e\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49#define\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u6e90\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5bf9\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

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2.2\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe1.\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n

2.3 Hello\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n

\n

\n

\u4f7f\u7528vim\u67e5\u770bhello.c\u4e0ehello.i，\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0hello.i\u8f83hello.c\u5728main\u51fd\u6570\u524d\u591a\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5185\u5bb9，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u9884\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u5c06#include\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u63d2\u5165\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe2.hello.c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe3.hello.i<\/p>\n

2.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\n

\u672c\u7ae0\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u4f5c\u7528，\u5373\u9884\u5904\u7406\u662f\u6307\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668cpp\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26#\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4，\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u59cb\u7684C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f97\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aC\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u4ee5.i\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b；\u63a5\u7740\u5728linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5bf9hello.c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u9884\u5904\u7406，\u5f97\u5230\u4e86hello.i，\u4e3a\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u7f16\u8bd1\u505a\u597d\u4e86\u51c6\u5907\u3002<\/p>\n

（\u7b2c2\u7ae00.5\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7b2c3\u7ae0 \u7f16\u8bd1<\/h2>\n

3.1 \u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n

\n

\n

\u6982\u5ff5：\u7f16\u8bd1\u662f\u6307\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668ccl\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6hello.i\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6hello.s，\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528：\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c06\u4ea7\u751f\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u4e14\u4f1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u9519\u8bef，\u5e76\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\n

3.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

\n

（\u4ee5\u4e0b\u683c\u5f0f\u81ea\u884c\u7f16\u6392，\u7f16\u8f91\u65f6\u5220\u9664）<\/p>\n

\u5e94\u622a\u56fe，\u5c55\u793a\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b！<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe4.\u7f16\u8bd1\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n

3.3 Hello\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n

\n

3.3.1 hello.s\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe5 6 7.hello.s<\/p>\n

3.3.2 \u6587\u4ef6\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe8.\u6587\u4ef6\u8bf4\u660e<\/p>\n

.file\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0，.text\u6bb5\u4fdd\u5b58\u4ee3\u7801，.section\u6307\u793a\u628a\u4ee3\u7801\u5212\u5206\u6210\u82e5\u5e72\u6bb5，.rodata\u4e3a\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e，.align 8\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u6307\u4ee4\u6216\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b58\u653e\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u9f50，\u6b64\u5904\u662f8\u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u9f50，.string\u58f0\u660e\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，.globl\u58f0\u660e\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cfmain，.type\u58f0\u660emain\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3.3 \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf，\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe9.\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

\u5728\u7b2c21\u884c\u5bf9%rsp\u51cf32，\u4e3a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cfi\u7533\u8bf7\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5916\u770b\u7b2c21\u884c\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7acb\u5373\u657032，\u5728\u5b83\u7684\u524d\u9762\u52a0\u4e0a$\u7528\u4ee5\u4ee3\u8868\u5b83\u4e3a\u7acb\u5373\u6570<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe10.\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n

\n

\u5728\u7b2c41\u884c，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u57283.3.2\u4e2d\u5df2\u8bf4\u660e\u7684.LC1\u627e\u5230\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

3.3.4 \u8d4b\u503c\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe11.\u8d4b\u503c<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528movl\u6307\u4ee4，\u6b64\u5904\u662f\u5c060\u8d4b\u7ed9i<\/p>\n

3.3.5 \u7b97\u672f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe12.\u52a0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\u52a0\u6cd5，\u7528addl\u6307\u4ee4，\u6b64\u5904\u662f\u5c06i+1<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe13.\u51cf\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u5904\u662f\u51cf\u6cd5，\u5c06\u6808\u51cf32<\/p>\n

\n

3.3.6 \u5173\u7cfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u8f6c\u79fb<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe14.\u8df3\u8f6c<\/p>\n

\u5c06cmpl\u548cjle\u8fde\u7528，\u6307i<=9\u65f6\u8df3\u8f6c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe15.\u8df3\u8f6c<\/p>\n

\u5c06cmpl\u548cje\u8fde\u7528，\u6307\u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\u8df3\u8f6c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe16 17.for\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u56fe\u4e3afor\u5faa\u73af，.L2\u662f\u4e3ai\u8d4b\u521d\u503c，.L3\u662f\u5224\u65ad\u6761\u4ef6，.L4\u662f\u5faa\u73af\u4e3b\u4f53<\/p>\n

3.3.7 \u6570\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe18 19.\u6570\u7ec4\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u5229\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u9996\u5730\u5740\u52a0\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u5e76\u4e14\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7684\u6570\u65f6\u90fd\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

3.3.8 \u51fd\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

1.main\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe20.main\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u5c06argv\u6570\u7ec4\u5b58\u5728%rbp-20，argc\u5b58\u5728%rbp-32<\/p>\n

\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf：i<\/p>\n

2.puts\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe21.puts\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012：\u5c06.LC0\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9puts\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

3.printf\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe22.printf\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012：\u5c06.LC1\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9printf\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

4.atoi\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe23.atoi\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012：\u5c06argv[3]\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9atoi\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

5.exit\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe24.exit\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

6.sleep\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe25.sleep\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u4f20\u9012：\u5c06atoi\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9sleep\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

7.getchar\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe26.getchar\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

\n

3.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u672c\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u4f5c\u7528，\u7136\u540e\u518dlinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e86hello.i\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u5e76\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n

（\u7b2c<\/span>3<\/span>\u7ae0<\/span>2<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u6c47\u7f16<\/h2>\n

4.1 \u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n

\n

\u6982\u5ff5：\u6c47\u7f16\u5668as\u5c06hello.s\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u6307\u4ee4，\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u6253\u5305\u6210\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f，\u5e76\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728hello.o\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528：\u6c47\u7f16\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f6c\u5316\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f，\u4fbf\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u94fe\u63a5<\/p>\n

4.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

\u5e94\u622a\u56fe，\u5c55\u793a\u6c47\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b！<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe27.\u6c47\u7f16\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n

4.3 \u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807elf\u683c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n

\u5206\u6790hello.o\u7684ELF\u683c\u5f0f，\u7528readelf\u7b49\u5217\u51fa\u5176\u5404\u8282\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f，\u7279\u522b\u662f\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u9879\u76ee\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

Elf\u5934：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe28.elf\u5934<\/p>\n

Elf\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u751f\u6210\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b57\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u5b57\u8282\u987a\u5e8f，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5305\u542b\u5e2e\u52a9\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f，\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ecelf\u5934\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u673a\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8282\u5934\u90e8\u8868\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u504f\u79fb\u4ee5\u53ca\u8282\u5934\u90e8\u8868\u4e2d\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u6570\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u8282\u5934：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe29.\u8282\u5934<\/p>\n

\u7b26\u53f7\u8868：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe30.\u8282\u5934<\/p>\n

.rel.text：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe31.rel.text<\/p>\n

\n

4.4 Hello.o\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n

\n

objdump -d -r hello.o\u00a0 \u5206\u6790hello.o\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16，\u5e76\u8bf7\u4e0e\u7b2c3\u7ae0\u7684 hello.s\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u7167\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bf4\u660e\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6784\u6210，\u4e0e\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u4e0e\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4，\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5206\u652f\u8f6c\u79fb\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe32.hello.o\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0ehello.s\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4，\u533a\u522b\u5728\u4e8e<\/p>\n

1.\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u5931\u4e86<\/p>\n

2.\u8df3\u8f6c\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u51fa\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe33.\u8df3\u8f6c\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/p>\n

3.\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6call\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u5f53\u524dPC\u7684\u503c，\u9700\u6839\u636e\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u624d\u80fd\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe34.\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/p>\n

4.\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe35.\u7acb\u5373\u6570\u4e3e\u4f8b<\/p>\n

4.5 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u672c\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u4f5c\u7528，\u63a5\u7740\u5728linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5bf9hello.s\u6c47\u7f16\u751f\u6210hello.o，\u7136\u540e\u5206\u6790\u4e86hello.o\u7684elf\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u5c06hello.o\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0ehello.s\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/p>\n

（\u7b2c<\/span>4<\/span>\u7ae0<\/span>1<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u7b2c5\u7ae0 \u94fe\u63a5<\/h2>\n

5.1 \u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n

\u6982\u5ff5：\u94fe\u63a5\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5，\u7531\u94fe\u63a5\u5668Linker\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u5305\u62ec：\u5c06\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u5f15\u7528（\u5982\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u540d）\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4e49\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u548c\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u5408\u5e76，\u5e76\u5206\u914d\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u7528：\u5c06hello.o\u53d8\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\n

5.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

\u4f7f\u7528ld\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e94\u622a\u56fe，\u5c55\u793a\u6c47\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b！ \u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u53ea\u8fde\u63a5hello.o\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe36.\u4f7f\u7528ld\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

5.3 \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6hello\u7684\u683c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n

\u5206\u6790hello\u7684ELF\u683c\u5f0f，\u7528readelf\u7b49\u5217\u51fa\u5176\u5404\u6bb5\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f，\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u6bb5\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740，\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe37.elf\u5934<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230，hello\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe38.\u8282\u5934<\/p>\n

5.4 hello\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h3>\n

\n

\u4f7f\u7528edb\u52a0\u8f7dhello，\u67e5\u770b\u672c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u5404\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f，\u5e76\u4e0e5.3\u5bf9\u7167\u5206\u6790\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe39.edb\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636eedb\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e3a0x400000，\u7ec8\u6b62\u5730\u5740\u4e3a0x405000<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e5.3\u8282\u53ef\u67e5\u5230\u5404\u6bb5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

.interp\u7684\u5730\u5740：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe40..interp\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

.text\u6bb5\u7684\u5730\u5740：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe41..text\u6bb5\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

5.5 \u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n

objdump -d -r hello \u5206\u6790hello\u4e0ehello.o\u7684\u4e0d\u540c，\u8bf4\u660e\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u5408hello.o\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u9879\u76ee，\u5206\u6790hello\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5176\u600e\u4e48\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe42 43 44 45.hello\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230hello\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0ehello.o\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u8f83\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c<\/p>\n

  • \u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u540c，\u5730\u5740\u4ee5401000\u5f00\u59cb，\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8ehello.o\u4e2d\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5185\u5bb9\u4e0d\u540c，\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u6240\u9700\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8df3\u8f6c\u4e0d\u540c，\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u8df3\u8f6c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n

    5.6 hello\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528gdb\/edb\u6267\u884chello，\u8bf4\u660e\u4ece\u52a0\u8f7dhello\u5230_start，\u5230call main,\u4ee5\u53ca\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8fc7\u7a0b（\u4e3b\u8981\u51fd\u6570）\u3002\u8bf7\u5217\u51fa\u5176\u8c03\u7528\u4e0e\u8df3\u8f6c\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

    _start\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x401190<\/p>\n

    _libc_start_main\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x7f4f83587f90<\/p>\n

    _libc_csu_init\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x4011d0<\/p>\n

    _init\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x401000<\/p>\n

    Main\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x4010f0<\/p>\n

    Puts\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x401090<\/p>\n

    Exit\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x4010d0<\/p>\n

    Printf\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x4010a0<\/p>\n

    Sleep\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x4010e0<\/p>\n

    Atoi\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x4010c0<\/p>\n

    Getchar\u7684\u5730\u5740：0x4010b0<\/p>\n

    \n

    \n

    5.7 Hello\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n

    \n

    \u5206\u6790hello\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u9879\u76ee，\u901a\u8fc7edb\/gdb\u8c03\u8bd5，\u5206\u6790\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u524d\u540e，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8981\u622a\u56fe\u6807\u8bc6\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

    GOT（\u5168\u5c40\u504f\u79fb\u8868）\u662fELF\u683c\u5f0f\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u4e3b\u8981\u89e3\u51b3\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e0\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u786e\u5b9a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u5730\u5740\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u4e0ePLT\u914d\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u524d，GOT\u8868\u4e2d\u51fd\u6570\u5730\u5740\u9879\u6307\u5411PLT\u4e2d\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4；\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u540e，GOT\u8868\u9879\u88ab\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u91cd\u5199\u4e3a\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5730\u5740，\u540e\u7eed\u8c03\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u89e3\u6790\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570，\u52a0\u5feb\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6<\/p>\n

    \n

    Got\u8868\u7684\u5730\u5740：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe46.GOT\u8868\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

    \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u524dgot\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe47. \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u524dgot\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

    \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u540egot\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe48. \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u524dgot\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n

    \u53ef\u89c1，\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u524d\u540e，got\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8<\/p>\n

    5.8 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

    \u672c\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u4f5c\u7528，\u63a5\u7740\u5c06hello.o\u8fdb\u884c\u94fe\u63a5，\u5f97\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8fhello，\u968f\u540e\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86hello\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f，\u5305\u62ec\u683c\u5f0f，\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740，\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u7b49，\u8fd8\u89e3\u6790\u4e86\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53cahello\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

    （\u7b2c<\/span>5<\/span>\u7ae0<\/span>1<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c6\u7ae0 hello\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n

    6.1 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n

    \u6982\u5ff5：\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6267\u884c\u4e2d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/p>\n

    \u4f5c\u7528：\u4f7f\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4eff\u4f5b\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u552f\u4e00\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u597d\u50cf\u72ec\u5360\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5904\u7406\u5668\u548c\u5185\u5b58，\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c，\u4f7f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u9ad8\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90<\/p>\n

    6.2 \u7b80\u8ff0\u58f3Shell-bash\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Shell\u662f\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63a5\u53e3，\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u89e3\u91ca\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

    \u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b：\u9996\u5148\u8bfb\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165，\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790，\u63a5\u7740\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5185\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4（\u76f4\u63a5\u6267\u884c）\u6216\u5916\u90e8\u7a0b\u5e8f（\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c），\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237，\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u4ea4\u4e92\u5f0f\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

    6.3 Hello\u7684fork\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5728shell\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165.\/hello\u6267\u884chello，shell\u8c03\u7528fork\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5373hello\u8fdb\u7a0b，hello\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u524d\u53f0\u6267\u884c，\u6240\u4ee5\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0bshell\u6302\u8d77\u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bhello\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5<\/p>\n

    6.4 Hello\u7684execve\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0bhello\u8c03\u7528execve\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u6b21\u4ece\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de，\u5e76\u8986\u76d6\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6570\u636e\u548c\u6808，\u5728execve\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86hello\u540e，\u8c03\u7528\u542f\u52a8\u4ee3\u7801，\u542f\u52a8\u4ee3\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6808，\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u65b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570，hello\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n

    6.5 Hello\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c<\/h3>\n

    \u7ed3\u5408\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\u95f4\u7247，\u9610\u8ff0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u7528\u6237\u6001\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u6001\u8f6c\u6362\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u5757\u4e2d，\u5f53\u8c03\u5ea6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6，\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u88ab\u4fdd\u5b58，\u5f85\u8c03\u5ea6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u88ab\u6062\u590d，\u786e\u4fdd\u6267\u884c\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2aCPU\u65f6\u95f4\u7247，\u82e5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7528\u5b8c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u6216\u4e3b\u52a8\u8ba9\u51faCPU，\u5219\u89e6\u53d1\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4ece\u5c31\u7eea\u961f\u5217\u9009\u53d6\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u8c03\u5ea6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6001\u548c\u6838\u5fc3\u6001\u7684\u8f6c\u6362，\u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6216\u53d1\u751f\u4e2d\u65ad\u65f6，CPU\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5207\u6362\u81f3\u6838\u5fc3\u6001，\u7531\u5185\u6838\u63a5\u7ba1\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u903b\u8f91；\u5f85\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u540e，\u5185\u6838\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u6001，\u4f7f\u76ee\u6807\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \n

    6.6 hello\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n

    hello\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u54ea\u51e0\u7c7b\u5f02\u5e38，\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u54ea\u4e9b\u4fe1\u53f7，\u53c8\u600e\u4e48\u5904\u7406\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5f02\u5e38\u79cd\u7c7b：<\/p>\n

    \u4e2d\u65ad：\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5904\u7406\u5668\u5916\u90e8\u7684I\/O\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

    \u9677\u9631\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528：\u662f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6761\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

    \u6545\u969c：\u7531\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u5f15\u8d77<\/p>\n

    \u7ec8\u6b62：\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u7684\u81f4\u547d\u9519\u8bef\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n

    \u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7：<\/p>\n

    SIGINT:\u8f93\u5165ctrl+c\u65f6\u53d1\u9001，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u65ad<\/p>\n

    SIGTSTP:\u8f93\u5165ctrl+z\u65f6\u53d1\u9001，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6682\u505c<\/p>\n

    \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u952e\u76d8，\u5982\u4e0d\u505c\u4e71\u6309，\u5305\u62ec\u56de\u8f66，Ctrl-Z，Ctrl-C\u7b49，Ctrl-z\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884cps\u00a0 jobs\u00a0 pstree\u00a0 fg\u00a0 kill \u7b49\u547d\u4ee4，\u8bf7\u5206\u522b\u7ed9\u51fa\u5404\u547d\u4ee4\u53ca\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u622a\u5c4f，\u8bf4\u660e\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e71\u6309\u52a0\u56de\u8f66\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8fd0\u884c：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe49. \u4e71\u6309\u52a0\u56de\u8f66<\/p>\n

    Ctrl+z：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe50.ctrl+z\u540eps，jobs\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe51 52.pstree\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe53.fg\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

    Ctrl+c：<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe54.ctrl+c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

    6.7\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u672c\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u4f5c\u7528，\u5e76\u7b80\u8ff0\u4e86hello\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u5e76\u5728hello\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u8f93\u5165\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u53f7\u89c2\u5bdfhello\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

    （\u7b2c<\/span>6<\/span>\u7ae0<\/span>1<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c7\u7ae0 hello\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n

    7.1 hello\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h3>\n

    \u7ed3\u5408hello\u8bf4\u660e\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740：\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740<\/p>\n

    \u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740：\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u8fde\u7eed\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570\u5730\u5740\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6709\u5e8f\u96c6\u5408\u79f0\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

    \u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740：\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，CPU\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2aN=2^n\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u79f0\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/p>\n

    \u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740：\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u5b58\u88ab\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531M\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5355\u5143\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u6bcf\u5b57\u8282\u90fd\u6709\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e3a0，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u5730\u5740\u4e3a1，\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a2，\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n

    7.2 Intel\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7684\u53d8\u6362-\u6bb5\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5728 Intel \u5e73\u53f0\u4e0b，\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u662f selector:offset （\u5373\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26：\u504f\u79fb\u91cf）\u8fd9\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u7528 selector（\u6bb5\u9009\u62e9\u7b26） \u53bb GDT(\u5168\u5c40\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8868) \u91cc\u62ff\u5230 segment base address(\u6bb5\u57fa\u5740) \u7136\u540e\u52a0\u4e0a offset(\u6bb5\u5185\u504f\u79fb)，\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c31\u79f0\u4e3a\u6bb5\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/h3>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe55.\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u4e3a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n

    7.3 Hello\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u53d8\u6362-\u9875\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u90e8\u5206：\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7d22\u5f15，\u9875\u8868\u7d22\u5f15，\u9875\u5185\u504f\u79fb，\u7528\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u7d22\u5f15\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7d22\u5f15，\u627e\u5230\u9875\u76ee\u5f55\u9879，\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u9875\u8868\u7684\u7269\u7406\u57fa\u5730\u5740，\u901a\u8fc7\u9875\u8868\u57fa\u5730\u5740，\u7ed3\u5408\u9875\u8868\u7d22\u5f15\u627e\u5230\u9875\u8868\u9879，\u90a3\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740（\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u662f\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u7f16\u53f7），\u628a\u5b83\u52a0\u4e0a\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7684\u9875\u5185\u504f\u79fb\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4f5c\u9875\u5f0f\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/h3>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe56.\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n

    7.4 TLB\u4e0e\u56db\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u7684VA\u5230PA\u7684\u53d8\u6362<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TLB（\u5feb\u8868）\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684，\u865a\u62df\u5bfb\u5740\u7684\u7f13\u5b58，\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u5355\u4e2aPTE\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5757\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662fTLB\u547d\u4e2d\u65f6\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4，\u9996\u5148CPU\u4ea7\u751f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740，\u63a5\u7740，MMU\u4eceTLB\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684PTE，\u7136\u540e，MMU\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740，\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u5b83\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\/\u4e3b\u5b58，\u6700\u540e，\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\/\u4e3b\u5b58\u5c06\u6240\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9CPU\u3002\u82e5TLB\u4e0d\u547d\u4e2d，MMU\u5fc5\u987b\u4eceL1\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u53d6\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684PTE\u3002<\/h3>\n

    \n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe57.\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95eeTLB\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe58.TLB\u547d\u4e2d\u4e0e\u672a\u547d\u4e2d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u56fe<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56db\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u7ea7\u9875\u8868，\u5728\u5730\u5740\u7ffb\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u9875\u53f7VPN\u88ab\u5206\u4e3a\u4e864\u4e2a，\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aVPN\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u67d0\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2aPTE\u5305\u542b\u67d0\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u9875\u9762\u7684PPN，\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5757\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4e3a\u6784\u9020\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740，\u5728\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u5b9aPPN\u4e4b\u524d，MMU\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee4\u4e2aPTE，\u9996\u5148\u7531VPN1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684PTE，\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u7684\u9996\u5730\u5740，\u7531VPN2\u63d0\u4f9b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9875\u8868\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2aPTE\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8，\u6700\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7b2c\u56db\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u4e2dVPN4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 PTE\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7269\u7406\u9875\u53f7，\u548c\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u7684VPO\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/h3>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe59.k\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/p>\n

    7.5 \u4e09\u7ea7Cache\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u4e2d\u6709\u7f13\u5b58\u7ec4\u7d22\u5f15\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u6807\u8bb0，\u5c06L1\u5bf9\u5e94\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4，\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u540c\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u6548\u4f4d\u4e3a1\u5219\u547d\u4e2d，\u83b7\u5f97\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u53d6\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u5b57\u8282，\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u547d\u4e2d，\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u7ea7cache\u5bfb\u627e，\u6700\u540e\u5411\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u3002<\/h3>\n

    7.6 hello\u8fdb\u7a0bfork\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5f53fork\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u4e3a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u5e76\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5b83\u4e00\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u7684PID\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58，\u5b83\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684mm_struct\u3001\u533a\u57df\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u9875\u8868\u7684\u539f\u6837\u526f\u672c，\u5e76\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u754c\u9762\u90fd\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u53ea\u8bfb，\u5c06\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5f53fork\u5728\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6，\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u641e\u597d\u548c\u8c03\u7528fork\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u65f6，\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u9875\u9762，\u56e0\u6b64，\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u79c1\u6709\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

    7.7 hello\u8fdb\u7a0bexecve\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 execve\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u5305\u542b\u5728\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6 hello\u4e2d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u7528 hello \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u66ff\u4ee3\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c hello\u9700\u8981\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1.\u5220\u9664\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7528\u6237\u533a\u57df\u3002\u5220\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7684\u7528\u6237\u90e8\u5206\u4e2d\u7684\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u533a\u57df\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2.\u6620\u5c04\u79c1\u6709\u533a\u57df\u3002\u4e3a\u65b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3001\u6570\u636e\u3001bss\u548c\u6808\u533a\u57df\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u7ed3\u6784，\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u90fd\u662f\u79c1\u6709\u7684\u3001\u5199\u65f6\u590d\u5236\u7684\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u533a\u57df\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a hello \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684.text \u548c.data\u533a，bss\u533a\u57df\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u96f6\u7684，\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u533f\u540d\u6587\u4ef6，\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u5305\u542b\u5728hello\u4e2d，\u6808\u548c\u5806\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u96f6\u7684，\u521d\u59cb\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3.\u6620\u5c04\u5171\u4eab\u533a\u57df\u3002hello\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0e\u5171\u4eab\u5bf9\u8c61\u94fe\u63a5，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684，\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7528\u6237\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u533a\u57df\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4.\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668（PC）\u3002execve \u505a\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u5c31\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668，\u4f7f\u4e4b\u6307\u5411\u4ee3\u7801\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

    7.8 \u7f3a\u9875\u6545\u969c\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u5904\u7406\u7f3a\u9875\u8981\u6c42\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u534f\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

  • \u5904\u7406\u5668\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740，\u5e76\u628a\u5b83\u4f20\u9001\u7ed9MMU<\/li>\n
  • MMU\u751f\u6210PTE\u5730\u5740，\u5e76\u4ece\u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\/\u4e3b\u5b58\u8bf7\u6c42\u5f97\u5230\u5b83<\/li>\n
  • \u9ad8\u901f\u7f13\u5b58\/\u4e3b\u5b58\u5411MMU\u8fd4\u56dePTE<\/li>\n
  • PTE\u4e2d\u7684\u6709\u6548\u4f4d\u662f0，\u6240\u4ee5MMU\u89e6\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u6b21\u5f02\u5e38，\u4f20\u9012CPU\u4e2d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7684\u7f3a\u9875\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n
  • \u7f3a\u9875\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u786e\u5b9a\u51fa\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u727a\u7272\u9875，\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e86，\u5219\u628a\u5b83\u6362\u51fa\u5230\u78c1\u76d8<\/li>\n
  • \u7f3a\u9875\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u9875\u9762，\u66f4\u65b0\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684PTE<\/li>\n
  • \u7f3a\u9875\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u539f\u6765\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f3a\u9875\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002CPU\u5c06\u5f15\u8d77\u7f3a\u9875\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u91cd\u65b0\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9MMU\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u9875\u9762\u73b0\u5728\u7f13\u5b58\u5728\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d，\u6240\u4ee5\u5c31\u4f1a\u547d\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe60.\u7f3a\u9875\u64cd\u4f5c\u56fe<\/p>\n

    7.9\u52a8\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u5206\u914d\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n

    Printf\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528malloc，\u8bf7\u7b80\u8ff0\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\u7ef4\u62a4\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df，\u79f0\u4e3a\u5806，\u5206\u914d\u5668\u5c06\u5806\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5757\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u7247，\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684，\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u3002\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5757\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u4e3a\u4f9b\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7a7a\u95f2\u5757\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u5206\u914d\u3002\u7a7a\u95f2\u5757\u4fdd\u6301\u7a7a\u95f2，\u76f4\u5230\u5b83\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u6240\u5206\u914d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5757\u4fdd\u6301\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u72b6\u6001，\u76f4\u5230\u5b83\u88ab\u91ca\u653e，\u8fd9\u79cd\u91ca\u653e\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u663e\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u7684，\u8981\u4e48\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5668\u81ea\u8eab\u9690\u5f0f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5206\u914d\u5668\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u98ce\u683c\u90fd\u8981\u6c42\u5e94\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u5206\u914d\u5757\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u7531\u54ea\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u6765\u8d1f\u8d23\u91ca\u653e\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5757，\u5206\u522b\u662f\u663e\u5f0f\u5206\u914d\u5668\u548c\u9690\u5f0f\u5206\u914d\u5668\u3002Malloc\u5c31\u5c5e\u4e8e\u663e\u5f0f\u5206\u914d\u5668，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u7528malloc\u6765\u4ece\u5806\u4e2d\u5206\u914d\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n

    7.10\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u672c\u7ae0\u9996\u5148\u533a\u5206\u4e86hello\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5730\u5740，\u63a5\u7740\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5404\u79cd\u5730\u5740\u95f4\u7684\u53d8\u6362，\u5e76\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86TLB\u548ccache\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee，\u968f\u540e\u8bb2\u4e86fork\u548cexecve\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04\u673a\u7406，\u6700\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u52a8\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u5206\u914d\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

    （\u7b2c<\/span>7<\/span>\u7ae0<\/span> 2<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u7b2c8\u7ae0 hello\u7684IO\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n

    8.1 Linux\u7684IO\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

    \u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5316：\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

    \u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406：unix io\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2aLinux\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2am\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5e8f\u5217，B0,B1\u2026\u6240\u6709\u7684I\/O\u8bbe\u5907\u90fd\u88ab\u6a21\u578b\u5316\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6，\u800c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u5bf9\u76f8\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bfb\u548c\u5199\u6765\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c06\u8bbe\u5907\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5141\u8bb8Linux\u5185\u6838\u5f15\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u4f4e\u7ea7\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63a5\u53e3，\u79f0\u4e3aUnix I\/O，\u4f7f\u5f97\u6240\u6709\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u90fd\u80fd\u4ee5\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u4e00\u4e14\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6267\u884c：<\/p>\n

    1.\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u8fc7\u8981\u6c42\u5185\u6838\u6253\u5f00\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5ba3\u544a\u5b83\u60f3\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2aI\/O\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u5185\u6838\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7684\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570，\u53eb\u505a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u5b83\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u5bf9\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u6807\u8bc6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5185\u6838\u8bb0\u5f55\u6709\u5173\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f，\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.Linux shell\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u90fd\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6：\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51650\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa1\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u9519\u8bef2\u3002\u5934\u6587\u4ef6<unistd.h>\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5e38\u91cfSTDIN_FILENO，STDOUT_FILENO\u548cSTDERR_FILENO，\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u7528\u6765\u4ee3\u66ff\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

    3.\u6539\u53d8\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u5185\u6838\u4fdd\u6301\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6ek，\u521d\u59cb\u4e3a0，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u5934\u8d77\u59cb\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884cseek\u64cd\u4f5c，\u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3ak\u3002<\/p>\n

    4.\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236n>0\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5230\u5185\u5b58，\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6ek\u5f00\u59cb，\u7136\u540e\u5c06k\u589e\u52a0\u4e3ak + n\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2am\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u6587\u4ef6，\u5f53k\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8em\u65f6，\u6267\u884c\u8bfb\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1EOF\u6761\u4ef6，\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5199\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u662f\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u590d\u5236n>0\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6，\u4ece\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6ek\u5f00\u59cb，\u7136\u540e\u66f4\u65b0k\u3002<\/p>\n

    5.\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u540e，\u4f1a\u901a\u77e5\u5185\u6838\u5173\u95ed\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6，\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u91ca\u653e\u6253\u5f00\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784，\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6062\u590d\u5230\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6c60\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

  • \n
  • \u7b80\u8ff0Unix IO\u63a5\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u51fd\u6570<\/li>\n<\/li>\n

    int open(const char *pathname, int flags, mode_t mode);<\/p>\n

    \u529f\u80fd：\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8bbe\u5907，\u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（fd）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u53c2\u6570：<\/p>\n

    flags：\u63a7\u5236\u6253\u5f00\u65b9\u5f0f（\u5982\u00a0O_RDONLY\u3001O_WRONLY\u3001O_CREAT\u3001O_TRUNC）\u3002mode：\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u7684\u6743\u9650（\u5982\u00a00644）\u3002<\/p>\n

    int close(int fd);<\/p>\n

    \u529f\u80fd：\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

    \u53c2\u6570：fd\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/p>\n

    ssize_t read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);<\/p>\n

    \u529f\u80fd：\u4ece\u00a0fd\u00a0\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u591a\u00a0count\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u5230\u00a0buf\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u5b9e\u9645\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570（0 \u8868\u793a EOF，-1 \u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef）\u3002<\/p>\n

    ssize_t write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);<\/p>\n

    \u529f\u80fd：\u5c06\u00a0buf\u00a0\u4e2d\u7684\u00a0count\u00a0\u5b57\u8282\u5199\u5165\u00a0fd\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u5b9e\u9645\u5199\u5165\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570（-1 \u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef）\u3002<\/p>\n

    off_t lseek(int fd, off_t offset, int whence);<\/p>\n

    \u529f\u80fd：\u79fb\u52a8\u6587\u4ef6\u6307\u9488\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u53c2\u6570：whence\u5305\u62ecSEEK_SET（\u6587\u4ef6\u5934）\u3001SEEK_CUR（\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e）\u3001SEEK_END（\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \n

    \n

    8.3 printf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n

    [\u8f6c]printf \u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790 – Pianistx – \u535a\u5ba2\u56ed<\/p>\n

    \u5b57\u7b26\u663e\u793a\u9a71\u52a8\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f：\u4eceASCII\u5230\u5b57\u6a21\u5e93\u5230\u663e\u793avram（\u5b58\u50a8\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684RGB\u989c\u8272\u4fe1\u606f）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u663e\u793a\u82af\u7247\u6309\u7167\u5237\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6vram，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u53f7\u7ebf\u5411\u6db2\u6676\u663e\u793a\u5668\u4f20\u8f93\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9（RGB\u5206\u91cf）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u56fe61.printf\u7a0b\u5e8f\u56fe<\/p>\n

    vsprintf\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u786e\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32fmt\u3002\u7528\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5bf9\u4e2a\u6570\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u683c\u5f0f\u5316，\u4ea7\u751f\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa，\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7531i\u63a5\u53d7，\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8981\u6253\u5370\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u957f\u5ea6，\u4ecevsprintf\u751f\u6210\u663e\u793a\u4fe1\u606f，\u5230write\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570，\u5230\u9677\u9631-\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 int 0x80\u6216syscall\u7b49\u3002\u5b57\u7b26\u663e\u793a\u9a71\u52a8\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f：\u4eceASCII\u5230\u5b57\u6a21\u5e93\u5230\u663e\u793avram（\u5b58\u50a8\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u7684RGB\u989c\u8272\u4fe1\u606f）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u663e\u793a\u82af\u7247\u6309\u7167\u5237\u65b0\u9891\u7387\u9010\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6vram，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u53f7\u7ebf\u5411\u6db2\u6676\u663e\u793a\u5668\u4f20\u8f93\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9（RGB\u5206\u91cf）\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n

    \n

    8.4 getchar\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n

    \u5f02\u6b65\u5f02\u5e38-\u952e\u76d8\u4e2d\u65ad\u7684\u5904\u7406：\u952e\u76d8\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406\u5b50\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u63a5\u53d7\u6309\u952e\u626b\u63cf\u7801\u8f6c\u6210ascii\u7801，\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u952e\u76d8\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u3002getchar\u7b49\u8c03\u7528read\u7cfb\u7edf\u51fd\u6570，\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8bfb\u53d6\u6309\u952eascii\u7801，\u76f4\u5230\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u56de\u8f66\u952e\u624d\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

    8.5\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u672c\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecdLinux\u8bbe\u5907\u7684I\/O\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u548cUnix IO\u63a5\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u51fd\u6570，\u5e76\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86printf\u548cgetchar\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

    （\u7b2c<\/span>8<\/span>\u7ae0<\/span>1<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7ed3\u8bba<\/h2>\n

    \u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bed\u8a00，\u9010\u6761\u603b\u7ed3hello\u6240\u7ecf\u5386\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f60\u5bf9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6df1\u5207\u611f\u609f，\u4f60\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u7406\u5ff5，\u5982\u65b0\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

    Hello\u4ece\u6267\u884c\u524d\u5230\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u603b\u5171\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

  • \u9884\u5904\u7406：hello.c\u901a\u8fc7\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668cpp\u6839\u636e\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26#\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4，\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u59cb\u7684C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f97\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aC\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u4ee5.i\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55\u540d，\u5f97\u5230hello.i\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u7f16\u8bd1：hello.i\u901a\u8fc7\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668ccl\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6hello.i\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6hello.s，\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u6c47\u7f16：hello.s\u901a\u8fc7\u6c47\u7f16\u5668as\u5c06hello.s\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u6307\u4ee4，\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u4ee4\u6253\u5305\u6210\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f，\u5e76\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728hello.o\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u94fe\u63a5：\u5c06hello.o\u53d8\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6hello<\/li>\n
  • \u51c6\u5907\u8fd0\u884c：\u5728shell\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u6307\u4ee4.\/hello 2023111772 zzr 13284965988 3<\/li>\n
  • \u521b\u5efa\u8fdb\u7a0b：shell\u901a\u8fc7fork\u51fd\u6570\u4e3ahello\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n
  • \u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f：hello\u8c03\u7528execve\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u52a0\u8f7d\u6570\u636e：\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362，\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5230\u6267\u884chello\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n
  • \u63a5\u6536\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4fe1\u53f7：\u5f53hello\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53d1\u751f\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6，hello\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4fe1\u53f7，\u5e76\u4f5c\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u53cd\u5e94，\u4f8b\u5982\u63a5\u6536\u5230SIGINT\u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u65ad<\/li>\n
  • \u56de\u6536\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u5f53hello\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6，shell\u56de\u6536\u8be5\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/li>\n

    \u611f\u609f：\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u6b21\u5927\u4f5c\u4e1a，\u6211\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u771f\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cbe\u5bc6\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf，\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684hello.c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c，\u9700\u8981\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u7ed3\u5408\u624d\u80fd\u6709\u6761\u4e0d\u7d0a\u7684\u8fd0\u884c，\u66f4\u4f55\u51b5\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d，\u65e0\u65f6\u65e0\u523b\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u7740\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u4e2a\u6bd4hello\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u800c\u5b83\u4f9d\u7136\u6e38\u5203\u6709\u4f59，\u8fd9\u90fd\u8981\u591a\u4e8f\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u524d\u4eba，\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7720\u7684\u591c\u665a，\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u7cbe\u5999\u7684\u5de7\u601d，\u624d\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u4eec\u5982\u4eca\u5982\u6b64\u5e9e\u5927，\u84ec\u52c3\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9886\u57df<\/p>\n

    （\u7ed3\u8bba<\/span>0<\/span>\u5206，\u7f3a\u5931<\/span> -1<\/span>\u5206，\u6839\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u914c\u60c5\u52a0\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u9644\u4ef6<\/h2>\n

    \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ea7\u7269\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d，\u5e76\u4e88\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

    Hello.i：\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684hello\u4ee3\u7801，\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u7684\u539f\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

    Hello.s：\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684hello\u4ee3\u7801，\u662f\u6c47\u7f16\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

    Hello.o：\u6c47\u7f16\u540e\u7684hello\u4ee3\u7801，\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

    Hello：\u94fe\u63a5\u540e\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n

    \n

    （\u9644\u4ef6<\/span>0<\/span>\u5206，\u7f3a\u5931<\/span> -1<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/h2>\n

    \u4e3a\u5b8c\u6210\u672c\u6b21\u5927\u4f5c\u4e1a\u4f60\u7ffb\u9605\u7684\u4e66\u7c4d\u4e0e\u7f51\u7ad9\u7b49<\/span><\/p>\n

    [1]\u00a0 linux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d \u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u3001\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u5927\u626b\u76f2 – \u77e5\u4e4e<\/p>\n

    [2]\u00a0 \u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf，\u5170\u5fb7\u5c14 E. \u5e03\u83b1\u6069\u7279，\u5927\u536b R. \u5965\u54c8\u62c9\u8bba\u8457<\/p>\n

    （\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span>0<\/span>\u5206，\u7f3a\u5931<\/span> -1<\/span>\u5206）<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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