\u5173\u952e\u8bcd：\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7cfb\u7edf；\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f，\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406；\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n
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\u76ee \u00a0\u5f55<\/p>\n
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\u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u6982\u8ff0<\/span> <\/p>\n 1.1 Hello\u7b80\u4ecb<\/span> <\/p>\n 1.2 \u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177<\/span> <\/p>\n 1.3 \u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c<\/span> <\/p>\n 1.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7b2c2\u7ae0 \u9884\u5904\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 2.1 \u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/span> <\/p>\n 2.2\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/span> <\/p>\n 2.3 Hello\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/span> <\/p>\n 2.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7b2c3\u7ae0 \u7f16\u8bd1<\/span> <\/p>\n 3.1 \u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/span> <\/p>\n 3.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/span> <\/p>\n 3.3 Hello\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/span> <\/p>\n 3.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u6c47\u7f16<\/span> <\/p>\n 4.1 \u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/span> <\/p>\n 4.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/span> <\/p>\n 4.3 \u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807elf\u683c\u5f0f<\/span> <\/p>\n 4.4 Hello.o\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/span> <\/p>\n 4.5 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7b2c5\u7ae0 \u94fe\u63a5<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.1 \u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.3 \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6hello\u7684\u683c\u5f0f<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.4 hello\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.5 \u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5206\u6790<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.6 hello\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.7 Hello\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5206\u6790<\/span> <\/p>\n 5.8 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7b2c6\u7ae0 hello\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 6.1 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/span> <\/p>\n 6.2 \u7b80\u8ff0\u58f3Shell-bash\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b<\/span> <\/p>\n 6.3 Hello\u7684fork\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span> <\/p>\n 6.4 Hello\u7684execve\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span> <\/p>\n 6.5 Hello\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c<\/span> <\/p>\n 6.6 hello\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e0e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 6.7\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7b2c7\u7ae0 hello\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7ba1\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.1 hello\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u5668\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.2 Intel\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u7684\u53d8\u6362-\u6bb5\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.3 Hello\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5730\u5740\u5230\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\u7684\u53d8\u6362-\u9875\u5f0f\u7ba1\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.4 TLB\u4e0e\u56db\u7ea7\u9875\u8868\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u7684VA\u5230PA\u7684\u53d8\u6362<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.5 \u4e09\u7ea7Cache\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.6 hello\u8fdb\u7a0bfork\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.7 hello\u8fdb\u7a0bexecve\u65f6\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6620\u5c04<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.8 \u7f3a\u9875\u6545\u969c\u4e0e\u7f3a\u9875\u4e2d\u65ad\u5904\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.9\u52a8\u6001\u5b58\u50a8\u5206\u914d\u7ba1\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 7.10\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7b2c8\u7ae0 hello\u7684IO\u7ba1\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n 8.1 Linux\u7684IO\u8bbe\u5907\u7ba1\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span> <\/p>\n 8.2 \u7b80\u8ff0Unix IO\u63a5\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u51fd\u6570<\/span> <\/p>\n 8.3 printf\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u6790<\/span> <\/p>\n 8.4 getchar\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u5206\u6790<\/span> <\/p>\n 8.5\u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/span> <\/p>\n \u7ed3\u8bba<\/span> <\/p>\n \u9644\u4ef6<\/span> <\/p>\n \u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e<\/span> <\/p>\n \n \n 1.\u00a01.1 \u00a0P2P\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n 1.1.2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0020\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n \n \n 1.2.1 \u00a0\u786c\u4ef6\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5904\u7406\u5668：13th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-13500H \u00a0\u00a02.60 GHz<\/p>\n \u5185\u5b58：16.0 GB<\/p>\n \n 1.2.2 \u00a0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u73af\u5883<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Windows 11 \u5bb6\u5ead\u4e2d\u6587\u7248， Ubuntu 24.04 LTS<\/p>\n 1.2.3 \u00a0\u5f00\u53d1\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177<\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Visual Studio 2022；vim,gidit ,objdump,edb,gcc,readelf\u7b49\u5f00\u53d1\u5de5\u5177\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n \u6587\u4ef6\u540d \u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n hello.c \u6e90\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n hello.i \u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n hello.s \u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n hello.o \u6c47\u7f16\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n hello \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n hello1.elf\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528readelf\u5bf9hello\u5904\u7406\u5f97\u5230\u7684elf\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n hello.arm hello.o\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n \u672c\u7ae0\u7b80\u8981\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5185\u5bb9，hello\u7684\u7b80\u4ecb，\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u53ca\u5b9e\u9a8c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5404\u9879\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n \n \n 2.1.1. \u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n \u9884\u5904\u7406\u662fC\/C++\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5，\u7531\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6267\u884c\u3002\u9884\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6839\u636e\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6307\u4ee4（\u4ee5#\u5f00\u5934\u7684\u547d\u4ee4）\u5bf9\u4ee3\u7801\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u672c\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5904\u7406，\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u6587\u4ef6（.i\u6216.ii），\u4f9b\u540e\u7eed\u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n 2.1.2. \u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n \u88681.\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u5305\u62ec<\/p>\n \u9884\u5904\u7406\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n #include<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n #define<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u5b9a\u4e49\u5b8f（\u5e38\u91cf\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u5f0f\u5b8f），\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u672c\u66ff\u6362<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n #ifdef\u00a0\/\u00a0#ifndef\u00a0\/\u00a0#endif<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1，\u6839\u636e\u5b8f\u5b9a\u4e49\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u7f16\u8bd1\u67d0\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n #pragma<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u63d0\u4f9b\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u4ee4（\u5982\u4f18\u5316\u3001\u8b66\u544a\u63a7\u5236）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n #undef<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u53d6\u6d88\u5df2\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5b8f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n #error<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u5728\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u5f3a\u5236\u62a5\u9519<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n #line<\/p>\n<\/td>\n \u4fee\u6539\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u884c\u53f7\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u540d（\u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5）<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u56fe 1\u00a0 Ubuntu\u4e0b\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c55\u793a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u5176\u4e2d，-m64\u8868\u793a\u630964\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f，-no-pie\u8868\u793a\u975e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e0\u5173\u53ef\u6267\u884c，-fno-PIC\u8868\u793a\u975e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e0\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u9009\u9879，-E\u8868\u793a\u53ea\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u56fe 2\u00a0 hello.i\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u5c55\u793a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n hello.c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u751f\u6210\u7684hello.i\u6587\u4ef6\u603b\u884c\u6570\u4e3a3180\u884c\u3002\u884c\u6570\u7684\u5927\u5e45\u589e\u52a0\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7531\u4e8e#include\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06<stdio.h>\u3001<unistd.h>\u548c<stdlib.h>\u7b49\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5b8c\u6574\u5730\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u4e86hello.i\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u57283163\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\u5747\u4e3a\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u00a0hello.i\u00a0\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5305\u542b：<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u672c\u7ae0\u8bb2\u8ff0\u4e86\u5728linux\u73af\u5883\u4e2d，\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9C\u8bed\u8a00\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406，\u4ee5\u53ca\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u548c\u4f5c\u7528，\u63a5\u7740\u4ee5hello.c\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u6f14\u793a\u4e86\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u5e76\u5bf9\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u6790，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6hello.i\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u5e93stdio.h\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b8f\u548c\u5e38\u91cf\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49，\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u884c\u53f7\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u7f16\u8bd1\u6307\u4ee4，\u5e76\u4e14\u5220\u9664\u4e86\u6ce8\u91ca，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662fhello.i\u6bd4hello.c\u6587\u4ef6\u591a\u51fa\u5927\u91cf\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u539f\u56e0，\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5b8c\u6210，\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u5316\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c，\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ece\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u5411\u673a\u5668\u7801\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u77f3\u3002<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n 3.1.1. \u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n \u7f16\u8bd1（Compilation） \u662f C \u7a0b\u5e8f\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5，\u7531 \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668（Compiler） \u6267\u884c，\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ee3\u7801（.i \u6587\u4ef6）\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801（.s \u6587\u4ef6）\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u5bf9\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00（C \u4ee3\u7801）\u8fdb\u884c\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u3001\u4f18\u5316，\u6700\u7ec8\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4f4e\u7ea7\u6307\u4ee4（\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00）\u3002<\/p>\n 3.1.2. \u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n \n \u56fe3. \u7531hello.i\u751f\u6210\u6210hello.s\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e2d，-m64\u8868\u793a\u630964\u4f4d\u6a21\u5f0f，-no-pie\u8868\u793a\u975e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e0\u5173\u53ef\u6267\u884c，-fno-PIC\u8868\u793a\u975e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e0\u5173\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u9009\u9879，<\/span><\/span>-E\u8868\u793a<\/span><\/span>\u4ec5\u6267\u884c<\/span><\/span>\u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5<\/span><\/span>，\u751f\u6210\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><\/span>(.s<\/span><\/span>\u6587\u4ef6），\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u6c47\u7f16\u548c\u94fe\u63a5<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n hello.s\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e86hello.c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684x86-64\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6307\u4ee4\u548c\u4f2a\u6307\u4ee4\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u4f2a\u6307\u4ee4\u4ee5\u70b9（.）\u5f00\u5934，\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5bfc\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5c06\u7ed3\u5408hello.c\u7684C\u8bed\u8a00\u6784\u9020，\u5206\u6790\u5176\u5728hello.s\u4e2d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n 3.3.1. \u00a0hello.s\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u56fe<\/span><\/span>4. \u00a0 hello.s\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n 1.<\/span><\/span>\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n hello.c\u4e2d\u7684printf\u683c\u5f0f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 "\u7528\u6cd5: Hello \u5b66\u53f7 \u59d3\u540d \u624b\u673a\u53f7 \u79d2\u6570！\\\\n" ，\u4ee5UTF-8\u7f16\u7801\u5b58\u50a8\u5728.rodata\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u6bb5，\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u7b7e.LC0\u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe5<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0hello.c\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u56fe6<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0hello.s\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e\u6bb5(.rodata)，\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u610f\u5916\u4fee\u6539\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/span>，<\/span><\/span>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u7b26\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3aUTF-8\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u5e8f\u5217<\/span><\/span>，<\/span><\/span>\u4f7f\u7528\u6807\u7b7e.LC0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u5730\u5740，\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7movl $.LC0, %edi\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u5730\u5740\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668<\/span><\/span>，<\/span><\/span>\u8fd9\u79cd\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d8\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u91cd\u7528\u6027<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u56fe 7\u00a0 hello.c\u4e2d\u5faa\u73af\u53d8\u91cfi\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u56fe 8\u00a0 hello.s\u4e2d\u51fd\u6570\u5e8f\u8a00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u9884\u7559\u5206\u914d<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u56fe 9\u00a0 hello.s<\/span><\/span>\u4e2d\u4e3a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cfi\u5206\u914d\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cfi\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u5728\u6808\u4e0a，\u8ddd\u79bb\u5e27\u6307\u9488rbp\u504f\u79fb4\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e，movl\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7684"l"\u8868\u793a\u957f\u5b57(32\u4f4d)，\u5bf9\u5e94C\u8bed\u8a00\u7684int\u7c7b\u578b，\u6808\u7a7a\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u901a\u8fc7subq $32, %rsp\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u5b8c\u6210，\u5305\u542b\u6240\u6709\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf，\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbf\u95ee\u91c7\u7528\u57fa\u5740\u5bfb\u5740\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5982-4(%rbp)\u8868\u793a\u4ecerbp\u5411\u4f4e\u5730\u5740\u504f\u79fb4\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n 3.3.3. \u00a0\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n 1. \u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n \u56fe10 \u00a0\u00a0hello.c\u4e2di++\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n \u56fe11 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2daddl\u6307\u4ee4\u5b8c\u621032\u4f4d\u6574\u6570\u52a0\u6cd5<\/p>\n addl\u6307\u4ee4\u5b8c\u621032\u4f4d\u6574\u6570\u52a0\u6cd5，\u7acb\u5373\u65701\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u7801\u5728\u6307\u4ee4\u4e2d，\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740-4(%rbp)，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u5185\u5b58\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u800c\u975e\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u52a0\u8f7d-\u8fd0\u7b97-\u56de\u5b58，\u8fd9\u662f\u672a\u4f18\u5316(-O0)\u7684\u5178\u578b\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe12 \u00a0hello.c\u4e2dif\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n \u56fe13 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2dcmpl\u6307\u4ee4\u6bd4\u8f83argc(\u5b58\u50a8\u5728-20(%rbp))\u548c\u7acb\u5373\u65705<\/p>\n cmpl\u6307\u4ee4\u6bd4\u8f83argc(\u5b58\u50a8\u5728-20(%rbp))\u548c\u7acb\u5373\u65705，je(jump if equal)\u5b9e\u73b0\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8f6c，\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8df3\u8f6c\u65b9\u5f0f，\u6807\u5fd7\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668(EFLAGS)\u7684ZF\u4f4d\u88abcmpl\u6307\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e，je\u6307\u4ee4\u6839\u636eZF\u51b3\u5b9a\u8df3\u8f6c，\u8fd9\u79cd\u6bd4\u8f83-\u8df3\u8f6c\u6a21\u5f0f\u662fif\u8bed\u53e5\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n 3.3.4. \u00a0\u63a7\u5236\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n 1. for\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n \u56fe14 \u00a0hello.c\u4e2d\u7684for\u5faa\u73af\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n \u56fe15 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94for\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n \u9996\u5148i\u521d\u59cb\u5316，\u7136\u540e\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad，\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u5f00\u59cb，i++，\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad，i <= 9，\u6ee1\u8db3\u5219\u7ee7\u7eed\u5faa\u73af，\u5178\u578b\u7684"\u5148\u6267\u884c\u540e\u5224\u65ad"\u5faa\u73af\u7ed3\u6784，jmp\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8f6c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86for\u5faa\u73af\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u6761\u4ef6\u68c0\u67e5，\u6bd4\u8f83\u4f7f\u75289\u800c\u975e10，\u8fd9\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5bf9"i<10"\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5904\u7406，jle(jump if less or equal)\u57fa\u4e8eSF(\u7b26\u53f7\u6807\u5fd7)\u548cOF(\u6ea2\u51fa\u6807\u5fd7)\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u51b3\u5b9a\u8df3\u8f6c，\u5faa\u73af\u63a7\u5236\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u8df3\u8f6c，\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u7edd\u5bf9\u5730\u5740，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe16 \u00a0hello.c\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n \u56fe17 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u90e8\u5206<\/p>\n \u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5faaSystem V AMD64 ABI\u8c03\u7528\u7ea6\u5b9a，\u524d6\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u8fc7RDI\u3001RSI\u3001RDX\u3001RCX\u3001R8\u3001R9\u4f20\u9012，RAX\u4fdd\u5b58\u5411\u91cf\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u91cf(\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3a0)，\u6307\u9488\u8fd0\u7b97\u901a\u8fc7addq\u5b9e\u73b0，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u52a08\u5b57\u8282(64\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf)，call\u6307\u4ee4\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u538b\u6808，\u5e76\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230printf\u7684PLT\u5165\u53e3，\u53c2\u6570\u51c6\u5907\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0eC\u4ee3\u7801\u76f8\u53cd，\u8fd9\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n 3.3.5 \u00a0\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n 1.\u6570\u7ec4\u8bbf\u95ee<\/p>\n \u56fe18 \u00a0hello.c\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4<\/p>\n \u56fe19 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2d\u5bf9\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1<\/p>\n \u5178\u578b\u7684\u57fa\u5740+\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5bfb\u5740\u6a21\u5f0f，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u5360\u75288\u5b57\u8282(\u6307\u9488\u5927\u5c0f)，\u56e0\u6b64\u7d22\u5f15n\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u4e3an*8，\u5185\u5b58\u8bbf\u95ee\u91c7\u7528\u4e24\u7ea7\u95f4\u63a5\u5bfb\u5740：\u5148\u53d6\u6570\u7ec4\u57fa\u5740，\u518d\u52a0\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbf\u95ee\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6570\u7ec4\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n 3.3.6 \u00a0\u7279\u6b8a\u6307\u4ee4\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n 1. endbr64<\/p>\n \u56fe20 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n endbr64\u662fIntel CET(\u63a7\u5236\u6d41\u5f3a\u5236\u6280\u672f)\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206，\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u8303ROP\u653b\u51fb，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u63d2\u5165，\u5bf9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u903b\u8f91\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd，\u4f46\u589e\u5f3a\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n \u56fe21 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n CFI\u6307\u4ee4\u8c03\u7528\u5e27\u4fe1\u606f(Call Frame Information)，\u7528\u4e8e\u6808\u5c55\u5f00\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5，\u8bb0\u5f55\u6808\u5e27\u5316\u89c4\u5219，\u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u91cd\u5efa\u8c03\u7528\u6808，\u5bf9\u751f\u6210backtrace\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n 3.3.7 \u00a0\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n 1.\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n \u56fe22 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362<\/p>\n \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5728%eax（32\u4f4dint），\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u9012\u81f3sleep\u3002<\/p>\n 3.3.8 \u00a0\u63a7\u5236\u8f6c\u79fb<\/p>\n 1.\u5206\u652f\u4e0e\u5faa\u73af<\/p>\n \u56fe23 \u00a0hello.s\u4e2d\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u8bed\u53e5<\/p>\n L3\u4e3a\u65e0\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8f6c，L4\u4e3a\u6ee1\u8db3\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002<\/p>\n \u672c\u7ae0\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u6c47\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u4ee4 gcc -m64 -no-pie -fno-PIC -S hello.i -o hello.s\u5c06hello.i\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3ahello.s，\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u673a\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00，\u662f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6865\u6881\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6307\u4ee4，\u5982call\u3001ret\u3001mov\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u5224\u65ad\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n \n \u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00（Assembly Language）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00，\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4\u4e00\u4e00\u5bf9\u5e94，\u901a\u8fc7\u52a9\u8bb0\u7b26（\u5982mov\u3001add）\u8868\u793a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\u7801，\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90（\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7b49）\u3002\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n 4.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n \n \u56fe24 \u00a0\u6c47\u7f16\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n \u7b2c1\u7ae0 \u6982\u8ff0<\/h2>\n
1.1 Hello\u7b80\u4ecb<\/h3>\n
\n
\n
1.2 \u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n
1.3 \u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u679c<\/h3>\n
1.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
\u7b2c2\u7ae0 \u9884\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n
2.1\u00a0\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n
\n\n
\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2.2\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005601-684782a17c87b.png\")
<\/p>\n2.3 Hello\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005601-684782a1885ca.png\")
<\/p>\n\n
2.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
\u7b2c3\u7ae0 \u7f16\u8bd1<\/h2>\n
3.1 \u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n
\n
3.2 \u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u547d\u4ee4<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005601-684782a19931b.png\")
<\/p>\n3.3 Hello\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005601-684782a1a1b92.png\")
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a212fc2.png\")
<\/p>\n3.3.<\/span><\/span>2.<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5904\u7406<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h6>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a225cc9.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a22eafb.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a2459e8.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a24c34d.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a254f3c.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a25cbf5.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a263056.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a26a1af.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a27016a.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a277101.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a27e13e.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a2855eb.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a28cd6a.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a294e08.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/20250610005602-684782a2a2d25.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"2025-06-10nq4wmxz3lik.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"2025-06-10ogto2ntnot4.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"2025-06-10lyv1lt2dlow.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"2025-06-10lgftaq5txu4.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"2025-06-10kn4ja1f1upy.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"2025-06-105gssgponjta.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"2025-06-10yknmaa3f3v5.png\")
<\/p>\n3.4 \u672c\u7ae0\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n
\u7b2c4\u7ae0 \u6c47\u7f16<\/h2>\n
4.1 \u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h3>\n
\n
![\"\"](\"2025-06-10b3wkpatzblc.png\")
<\/p>\n