{"id":42550,"date":"2025-06-10T01:04:00","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T17:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/42550.html"},"modified":"2025-06-10T01:04:00","modified_gmt":"2025-06-09T17:04:00","slug":"6%e4%b8%aa%e6%9c%88python%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e8%ae%a1%e5%88%92-day-16-%e9%9d%a2%e5%90%91%e5%af%b9%e8%b1%a1%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%88oop%ef%bc%89%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/42550.html","title":{"rendered":"6\u4e2a\u6708Python\u5b66\u4e60\u8ba1\u5212 Day 16 - \u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u7f16\u7a0b\uff08OOP\uff09\u57fa\u7840"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u7b2c\u4e09\u5468 Day 3<\/h2>\n<h3>&#x1f3af; \u4eca\u65e5\u76ee\u6807<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7406\u89e3\u7c7b&#xff08;class&#xff09;\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff08;object&#xff09;\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/li>\n<li>\u5b66\u4f1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570&#xff08;init&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u638c\u63e1\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u521d\u8bc6\u5c01\u88c5\u3001\u7ee7\u627f\u548c\u591a\u6001\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5&#xff08;\u9884\u544a&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>&#x1f4d8; \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1f;<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u6982\u5ff5\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7c7b&#xff08;Class&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u4e00\u79cd\u62bd\u8c61\u6a21\u677f&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u67d0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u529f\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff08;Object&#xff09;<\/td>\n<td>\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e2a\u4f53<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u2705 \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Student<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> age<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> name<br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>age <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> age<\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">say_hello<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;\u5927\u5bb6\u597d&#xff0c;\u6211\u662f <\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#xff0c;\u4eca\u5e74 <\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>age<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\"> \u5c81\u3002&#034;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>stu1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Student<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5c0f\u660e&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">18<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\nstu1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>say_hello<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u597d&#xff0c;\u6211\u662f \u5c0f\u660e&#xff0c;\u4eca\u5e74 <span class=\"token number\">18<\/span> \u5c81\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f4cc; \u7c7b\u7684\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff08;init&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>init() \u662f\u7c7b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> \u53c2\u6570<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>\u5c5e\u6027\u540d <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> \u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n<h3>&#x1f501; \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8c03\u7528<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bf9\u8c61\u8c03\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f&#xff1a;\u5bf9\u8c61\u540d.\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u8bbf\u95ee\u5c5e\u6027\u7528 self.\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Dog<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> name<\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">bark<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#xff1a;\u6c6a\u6c6a&#xff01;&#034;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>dog1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Dog<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5c0f\u767d&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\ndog1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>bark<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>\u2728 \u8865\u5145&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027 vs \u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027&#xff08;\u4e86\u89e3&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Demo<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    class_var <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6211\u662f\u7c7b\u5c5e\u6027&#034;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6240\u6709\u5bf9\u8c61\u5171\u4eab<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>instance_var <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u6211\u662f\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c5e\u6027&#034;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u72ec\u7acb<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>&#x1f9ea; \u4eca\u65e5\u7ec3\u4e60\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n<p>\u2705 \u7ec3\u4e601&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a Book \u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u4e66\u540d\u3001\u4f5c\u8005&#xff0c;\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5 info() \u8f93\u51fa\u4e66\u7c4d\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Book<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> title<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> author<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>title <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> title<br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>author <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> author<\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">info<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string-interpolation\"><span class=\"token string\">f&#034;\u300a<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>title<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">\u300b\u4f5c\u8005&#xff1a;<\/span><span class=\"token interpolation\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>author<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;<\/span><\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>book1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Book<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u4e09\u4f53&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5218\u6148\u6b23&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\nbook1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>info<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u7ec3\u4e602&#xff1a;\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a Rectangle \u7c7b&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u957f\u3001\u5bbd&#xff0c;\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97\u9762\u79ef\u4e0e\u5468\u957f<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Rectangle<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> width<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> height<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>width <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> width<br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>height <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> height<\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">area<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>width <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>height<\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">perimeter<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>width <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>height<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>r <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Rectangle<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u9762\u79ef:&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> r<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>area<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5468\u957f:&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> r<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>perimeter<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u2705 \u7ec3\u4e603&#xff1a;\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a Person \u7c7b&#xff0c;\u589e\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5 is_adult() \u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u6210\u5e74&#xff08;\u5e74\u9f84\u226518&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Person<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">__init__<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> name<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> age<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>name <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> name<br \/>\n        self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>age <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> age<\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">is_adult<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>self<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> self<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>age <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">18<\/span><\/p>\n<p>p <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> Person<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;\u5c0f\u7ea2&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">17<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">print<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>p<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>is_adult<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u8f93\u51fa False<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>&#x1f4cc; \u4eca\u65e5\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5185\u5bb9\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7c7b\u548c\u5bf9\u8c61<\/td>\n<td>\u7c7b\u662f\u6a21\u677f&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5 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