{"id":42517,"date":"2025-06-09T17:15:47","date_gmt":"2025-06-09T09:15:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/42517.html"},"modified":"2025-06-09T17:15:47","modified_gmt":"2025-06-09T09:15:47","slug":"%e3%80%90ssh%e7%96%91%e9%9a%be%e6%8e%92%e6%9f%a5%e3%80%91%e8%bd%bb%e6%9d%be%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b0%e7%89%88openssh%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e6%97%a7%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84no-matchin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/42517.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010SSH\u7591\u96be\u6392\u67e5\u3011\u8f7b\u677e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u7248OpenSSH\u8fde\u63a5\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u201cno matching...\u201c\u7cfb\u5217\u7b97\u6cd5\u534f\u5546\u5931\u8d25\u95ee\u9898"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u3010SSH\u7591\u96be\u6392\u67e5\u3011\u8f7b\u677e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b0\u7248OpenSSH\u8fde\u63a5\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684&#034;no matching&#8230;&#034;\u7cfb\u5217\u7b97\u6cd5\u534f\u5546\u5931\u8d25\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n<p>\u6458\u8981&#xff1a; \u8fd1\u671f&#xff0c;\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684OpenSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u8001\u65e7SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u9047\u5230 &#034;no matching key exchange method found&#034;\u200b, &#034;no matching cipher found&#034;\u200b \u7b49\u56e0\u7b97\u6cd5\u534f\u5546\u5931\u8d25\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u5256\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u539f\u56e0&#xff0c;\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5957\u884c\u4e4b\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u5f3a\u8c03\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u4e0e\u6700\u4f73\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f15\u8a00&#xff1a; \u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u610f\u8bc6\u7684\u63d0\u9ad8&#xff0c;OpenSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u8fed\u4ee3\u66f4\u65b0&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u518d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u65e7\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u662f\u597d\u4e8b&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c1a\u672a\u5347\u7ea7\u3001\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65e7\u7248SSH\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u906d\u9047\u8fde\u63a5\u969c\u788d&#xff0c;\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u201cno matching&#8230;\u201d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u3002\u672c\u6587\u65e8\u5728\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u7c7b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u672c\u8d28&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5b66\u4f1a\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6eSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u517c\u5bb9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u5fd8\u5b89\u5168\u7b2c\u4e00\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>1. \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u75c7\u72b6<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f53\u65b0\u7248SSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5\u65e7\u7248SSH\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e00\u79cd\u6216\u591a\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u5339\u914d (Key Exchange Algorithm Mismatch):<\/p>\n<p> Unable to negotiate with &lt;IP_ADDRESS&gt; port 22: no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a0\u5bc6\u5957\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5339\u914d (Cipher Mismatch):<\/p>\n<p> Unable to negotiate with &lt;IP_ADDRESS&gt; port 22: no matching cipher found. Their offer: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,des-cbc\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u5339\u914d (Host Key Type Mismatch):<\/p>\n<p> ssh: connect to host &lt;IP_ADDRESS&gt; port 22: no matching host key type found. Their offer: ssh-dss<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005&#xff08;\u4e2d\u6587\u73af\u5883&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> ssh \u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7c7b\u578b\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6d88\u606f\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7801\u4e0d\u5339\u914d (MAC Mismatch):<\/p>\n<p> ssh: connect to host &lt;IP_ADDRESS&gt; port 22: no matching MAC found. Their offer: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1-96<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005&#xff08;\u4e2d\u6587\u73af\u5883&#xff09;&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> \u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684mac\u67e5\u627e\u9519\u8bef\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. \u95ee\u9898\u6839\u6e90&#xff1a;\u5b89\u5168\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u56e0\u5728\u4e8e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b89\u5168\u5347\u7ea7&#xff1a; \u8f83\u65b0\u7248\u672c\u7684OpenSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982 OpenSSH 7.0&#043;&#xff0c;\u7279\u522b\u662f 8.8&#043;&#xff09;\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u5347\u5b89\u5168\u6027&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7981\u7528\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u6216\u5f3a\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u65e7\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u200bdiffie-hellman-group1-sha1\u200b&#xff1a;\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u56e0\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u76841024\u4f4dDH Group1\u8f83\u5f31&#xff0c;\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230Logjam\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>CBC\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5 (\u5982 aes128-cbc\u200b, 3des-cbc\u200b)&#xff1a;\u76f8\u6bd4GCM\u7b49\u73b0\u4ee3\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u586b\u5145Oracle\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bdes-cbc\u200b, 3des-cbc\u200b&#xff1a;DES\u672c\u8eab\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u592a\u77ed&#xff0c;3DES\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u4e14\u4e5f\u975e\u6700\u4f18\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bssh-dss\u200b (DSA\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5)&#xff1a;\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u6709\u9650&#xff0c;\u4e14\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6570\u751f\u6210&#xff0c;\u5df2\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5f03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528SHA-1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684ssh-rsa\u200b\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5&#xff1a;SHA-1\u5df2\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168&#xff0c;OpenSSH 8.8&#043; \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u518d\u63a5\u53d7SHA-1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684RSA\u516c\u94a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u65e7\u7684MAC\u7b97\u6cd5 (\u5982 hmac-md5\u200b, hmac-sha1-96\u200b)&#xff1a;MD5\u548cSHA1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u5df2\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6ede\u540e&#xff1a; \u76ee\u6807\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ecd\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8f83\u65e7\u7684SSH\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u5176\u652f\u6301\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\u53ea\u5305\u542b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5df2\u88ab\u65b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7981\u7528\u7684\u65e7\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u5c31\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u652f\u6301\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fbe\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6&#xff0c;SSH\u63e1\u624b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u8fde\u63a5\u81ea\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>3. \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u8c03\u6574<\/h4>\n<p>\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae&#xff1a; \u6700\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684SSH\u670d\u52a1&#xff08;\u5982OpenSSH Server&#xff09;\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u5176\u652f\u6301\u66f4\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;\u5728\u65e0\u6cd5\u7acb\u5373\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684SSH\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 (~\/.ssh\/config\u200b \u6216 C:\\\\Users\\\\YourUsername\\\\.ssh\\\\config\u200b)&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u663e\u5f0f\u542f\u7528\u5176\u6240\u9700\u7684\u65e7\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6743\u5b9c\u4e4b\u8ba1&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4e\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3.1. SSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 (~\/.ssh\/config\u200b)<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux\/macOS: ~\/.ssh\/config\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Windows (Git Bash, WSL): ~\/.ssh\/config\u200b<\/li>\n<li>Windows (Native OpenSSH): C:\\\\Users\\\\YourUsername\\\\.ssh\\\\config\u200b (\u5176\u4e2d YourUsername\u200b \u662f\u4f60\u7684Windows\u7528\u6237\u540d)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\u679c .ssh\u200b \u76ee\u5f55\u6216 config\u200b \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u624b\u52a8\u521b\u5efa\u5b83\u4eec\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>3.2. \u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b\u4e0e\u8be6\u89e3<\/h5>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684 ~\/.ssh\/config\u200b \u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u5168\u5c40\u8bbe\u7f6e (\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u672a\u88ab\u7279\u5b9a Host \u89c4\u5219\u8986\u76d6\u7684\u4e3b\u673a)<br \/>\nHost *<br \/>\n    # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4 (\u79d2)<br \/>\n    ConnectTimeout 10<br \/>\n    # \u6bcf\u969460\u79d2\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a7a\u5305&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u8fde\u63a5\u6d3b\u8dc3<br \/>\n    ServerAliveInterval 60<br \/>\n    # \u5982\u679c ServerAliveInterval \u8bf7\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94&#xff0c;\u5219\u5728\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5\u524d\u5c1d\u8bd53\u6b21<br \/>\n    ServerAliveCountMax 3<br \/>\n    # \u4e25\u683c\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u68c0\u67e5 (yes\/ask\/no)&#xff0c;\u63a8\u8350 &#034;ask&#034; \u6216 &#034;yes&#034;<br \/>\n    StrictHostKeyChecking ask<br \/>\n    # \u7528\u6237 known_hosts \u6587\u4ef6\u4f4d\u7f6e<br \/>\n    UserKnownHostsFile ~\/.ssh\/known_hosts<br \/>\n    # \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ea7\u522b (QUIET, FATAL, ERROR, INFO, VERBOSE, DEBUG, DEBUG1, DEBUG2, DEBUG3)<br \/>\n    # LogLevel INFO<\/p>\n<p># &#8212; \u9488\u5bf9\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u914d\u7f6e &#8212;<\/p>\n<p># \u793a\u4f8b1: \u89e3\u51b3 &#034;no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1&#034;<br \/>\n# \u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u4e3a 172.16.0.10<br \/>\nHost old-server-172<br \/>\n    HostName 172.16.0.10  # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u6216\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<br \/>\n    # User your_username_for_this_server # \u53ef\u9009&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0d\u540c<br \/>\n    # Port 2222 # \u53ef\u9009&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0d\u662f22<\/p>\n<p>    # 1. \u89e3\u51b3\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u95ee\u9898 (KexAlgorithms)<br \/>\n    #    \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1<br \/>\n    #    \u8b66\u544a: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u3002<br \/>\n    KexAlgorithms &#043;diffie-hellman-group1-sha1<\/p>\n<p>    # 2. \u89e3\u51b3\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7c7b\u578b\u95ee\u9898 (HostKeyAlgorithms)<br \/>\n    #    \u5982\u679c\u9519\u8bef\u63d0\u793a\u662f\u5173\u4e8e ssh-dss \u6216 ssh-rsa (SHA1 \u7b7e\u540d)<br \/>\n    #    OpenSSH 7.0&#043; \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7981\u7528\u4e86 ssh-dss<br \/>\n    #    OpenSSH 8.8&#043; \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7981\u7528\u4e86 ssh-rsa (SHA1 \u7b7e\u540d)<br \/>\n    #    \u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7c7b\u578b\u6dfb\u52a0\u3002<br \/>\n    HostKeyAlgorithms &#043;ssh-rsa,ssh-dss<br \/>\n    # \u5bf9\u4e8eOpenSSH 8.8&#043;&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528SHA1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684RSA\u5bc6\u94a5&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981&#xff1a;<br \/>\n    # PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms &#043;ssh-rsa<br \/>\n    # (\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;PubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u516c\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u5f71\u54cd\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u534f\u5546&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5f53\u9519\u8bef\u6d89\u53ca\u516c\u94a5\u7c7b\u578b\u800c\u975e\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7b97\u6cd5\u672c\u8eab\u65f6)<br \/>\n    # \u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u4f7f\u7528SHA1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684RSA&#xff0c;\u5e94\u5728HostKeyAlgorithms\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u5141\u8bb8sha1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684rsa:<br \/>\n    # HostKeyAlgorithms &#043;rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-rsa<\/p>\n<p>    # 3. \u89e3\u51b3 MAC \u95ee\u9898 (MACs)<br \/>\n    #    \u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230 &#034;no matching MAC algorithm&#034; \u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e7 MAC \u6709&#xff1a;<br \/>\n    # MACs &#043;hmac-sha1,hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5 # hmac-md5 \u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<p>    # 4. \u89e3\u51b3 Cipher \u95ee\u9898 (Ciphers)<br \/>\n    #    \u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230 &#034;no matching cipher&#034; \u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e7 Cipher \u6709&#xff1a;<br \/>\n    # Ciphers &#043;aes128-cbc,3des-cbc # des-cbc \u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n<p># \u793a\u4f8b2: \u89e3\u51b3 &#034;no matching key exchange method found (offer: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1)&#034;<br \/>\n# \u548c &#034;no matching cipher found (offer: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,des-cbc)&#034;<br \/>\n# \u5047\u8bbe\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u4e3a 192.168.168.31<br \/>\nHost old-server-192<br \/>\n    HostName 192.168.168.31<br \/>\n    # User your_username<\/p>\n<p>    # 1. \u89e3\u51b3\u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u95ee\u9898 (KexAlgorithms)<br \/>\n    KexAlgorithms &#043;diffie-hellman-group1-sha1,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1<\/p>\n<p>    # 2. \u89e3\u51b3 Cipher \u95ee\u9898 (Ciphers)<br \/>\n    #    \u8b66\u544a: des-cbc \u975e\u5e38\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168, 3des-cbc \u4e5f\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350\u3002aes128-cbc \u6bd4\u524d\u4e24\u8005\u597d\u4f46\u4ecd\u4e0d\u5982\u73b0\u4ee3\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<br \/>\n    Ciphers &#043;aes128-cbc,3des-cbc<br \/>\n    # \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301&#xff0c;\u4f18\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66f4\u5b89\u5168\u7684&#xff0c;\u5982 aes256-cbc&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4ecd\u9700\u6ce8\u610fCBC\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u56fa\u6709\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<p>    # 3. \u89e3\u51b3\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7c7b\u578b\u95ee\u9898 (HostKeyAlgorithms) &#8211; \u6309\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0<br \/>\n    # HostKeyAlgorithms &#043;ssh-rsa,ssh-dss<\/p>\n<p>    # 4. \u89e3\u51b3 MAC \u95ee\u9898 (MACs) &#8211; \u6309\u9700\u6dfb\u52a0<br \/>\n    # MACs &#043;hmac-sha1,hmac-sha1-96<\/p>\n<p># \u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\u7684\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684 Host \u6761\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5173\u952e\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u89e3\u91ca&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u200bHost &lt;alias&gt;\u200b: \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u522b\u540d&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 old-server-172\u200b\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 ssh old-server-172\u200b \u6765\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bHostName &lt;actual_ip_or_hostname&gt;\u200b: \u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b9e\u9645IP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bUser &lt;username&gt;\u200b: \u53ef\u9009&#xff0c;\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bPort &lt;port_number&gt;\u200b: \u53ef\u9009&#xff0c;\u6307\u5b9aSSH\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u768422\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bKexAlgorithms &#043;algorithm_name\u200b: \u5bc6\u94a5\u4ea4\u6362\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002&#043;\u200b\u53f7\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9ed8\u8ba4\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\u4e4b\u524d&#xff08;\u4f18\u5148\u4f7f\u7528&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u66ff\u6362\u6574\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bCiphers &#043;algorithm_name\u200b: \u5bf9\u79f0\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bHostKeyAlgorithms &#043;algorithm_name\u200b: \u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bMACs &#043;algorithm_name\u200b: \u6d88\u606f\u8ba4\u8bc1\u7801\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u200bPubkeyAcceptedAlgorithms &#043;algorithm_name\u200b: &#xff08;\u5bf9\u4e8eOpenSSH 8.8&#043;&#xff09;\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528SHA1\u7b7e\u540d\u7684RSA\u5bc6\u94a5\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3b\u673a\u8ba4\u8bc1&#xff0c;\u4e14HostKeyAlgorithms &#043;ssh-rsa\u200b\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6b64\u9879\u6765\u660e\u786e\u63a5\u53d7\u57fa\u4e8eSHA1\u7684RSA\u516c\u94a5\u3002\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5728HostKeyAlgorithms\u200b\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5982 HostKeyAlgorithms ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512\u200b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u66f4\u8001\u65e7\u53ea\u652f\u6301ssh-rsa\u200b&#xff08;\u9690\u542bSHA1\u7b7e\u540d&#xff09;\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;HostKeyAlgorithms &#043;ssh-rsa\u200b\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5173\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>3.3. \u5982\u4f55\u9010\u6b65\u6dfb\u52a0\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h5>\n<li>\u4ece\u6700\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5f00\u59cb&#xff1a; \u6839\u636eSSH\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u786e\u5b9a\u662f\u54ea\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u534f\u5546\u5931\u8d25&#xff08;Kex, Cipher, HostKey, MAC&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff1a; \u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d &#034;Their offer: &#8230;&#034; \u90e8\u5206\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u6dfb\u52a0&#xff1a; \u5728 ~\/.ssh\/config\u200b \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 Host\u200b \u6761\u76ee\u6dfb\u52a0\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u9519\u8bef\u662f no matching key exchange method found. Their offer: diffie-hellman-group1-sha1\u200b&#xff0c;\u5219\u6dfb\u52a0 KexAlgorithms &#043;diffie-hellman-group1-sha1\u200b\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9010\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5&#xff1a; \u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u540e&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef&#xff08;\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86Kex\u95ee\u9898\u540e\u51fa\u73b0Cipher\u95ee\u9898&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u518d\u6839\u636e\u65b0\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u539f\u5219&#xff1a; \u53ea\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fde\u63a5\u6240\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u7b97\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u907f\u514d\u5168\u5c40\u542f\u7528\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<h4>4. \u4f7f\u7528\u8be6\u7ec6\u65e5\u5fd7\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5<\/h4>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u95ee\u9898\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u60f3\u786e\u5207\u4e86\u89e3\u534f\u5546\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528SSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>ssh -vvv &lt;alias_or_hostname&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\u200b-vvv\u200b \u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8c03\u8bd5\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5404\u81ea\u652f\u6301\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u5217\u8868\u4ee5\u53ca\u534f\u5546\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7cbe\u786e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\u3002\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u534f\u5546\u65e5\u5fd7&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>debug1: kex: algorithm: &lt;client_algos&gt;<br \/>\ndebug1: kex: host key algorithm: &lt;client_hostkey_algos&gt;<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\ndebug1: kex: server-&gt;client: &lt;server_ciphers_to_client&gt; MAC: &lt;server_macs_to_client&gt; compression: &lt;server_compression_to_client&gt;<br \/>\ndebug1: kex: client-&gt;server: &lt;client_ciphers_to_server&gt; MAC: &lt;client_macs_to_server&gt; compression: &lt;client_compression_to_server&gt;<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\ndebug2: KEX algorithms: &lt;negotiated_kex_algo&gt;<br \/>\ndebug2: host key algorithms: &lt;negotiated_hostkey_algo&gt;<br \/>\ndebug2: ciphers ctos: &lt;negotiated_cipher_ctos&gt;<br \/>\ndebug2: ciphers stoc: &lt;negotiated_cipher_stoc&gt;<br \/>\ndebug2: MACs ctos: &lt;negotiated_mac_ctos&gt;<br \/>\ndebug2: MACs stoc: &lt;negotiated_mac_stoc&gt;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u534f\u5546\u5931\u8d25&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u5728\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5. \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u8b66\u544a<\/h4>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981&#xff1a; \u542f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u88ab\u5f03\u7528\u7684\u65e7\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f1a\u964d\u4f4eSSH\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u5b89\u5168\u6027&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4f60\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ec5\u9650\u5fc5\u8981\u60c5\u51b5&#xff1a; \u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u5e94\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f60\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u3001\u4e14\u786e\u5b9e\u65e0\u6cd5\u7acb\u5373\u5347\u7ea7\u7684\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7279\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u914d\u7f6e&#xff1a; \u52a1\u5fc5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u653e\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 Host\u200b \u6761\u76ee\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f Host *\u200b \u5168\u5c40\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u4ee3\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc\u4f18\u5148&#xff1a; \u5982\u679c\u53ef\u80fd&#xff0c;\u5c3d\u91cf\u5728\u53d7\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883&#xff08;\u5982VPN\u5185\u90e8&#xff09;\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u65e7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u63a8\u52a8\u5347\u7ea7&#xff1a; \u6700\u6839\u672c\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u662f\u7763\u4fc3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5347\u7ea7SSH\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>6. \u7ed3\u8bba<\/h4>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6eSSH\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684 ~\/.ssh\/config\u200b 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