{"id":41611,"date":"2025-06-03T23:27:44","date_gmt":"2025-06-03T15:27:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/41611.html"},"modified":"2025-06-03T23:27:44","modified_gmt":"2025-06-03T15:27:44","slug":"jvm%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e5%85%ad-%e5%9e%83%e5%9c%be%e5%9b%9e%e6%94%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/41611.html","title":{"rendered":"JVM\u5b66\u4e60(\u516d)--\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/p>\n

1.1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5783\u573e（Garbage)）？<\/p>\n

1.2\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981GC?<\/p>\n

1.3\u3001Java\u4e2d\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u533a\u57df\u662f?<\/p>\n

1.4\u3001\u65e9\u671f\u7684GC<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

2.1\u3001\u5783\u573e\u5224\u522b\u9636\u6bb5\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5(\u6216\u6839\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6027\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6)<\/p>\n

2.2\u3001\u5783\u573e\u6e05\u9664\u9636\u6bb5\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6807\u8bb0-\u6e05\u9664\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u6807\u8bb0-\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5206\u4ee3\u6536\u96c6\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u589e\u91cf\u6536\u96c6\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

6\u3001\u5206\u533a\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u5206\u6790GC\u65e5\u5fd7<\/p>\n

\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/h2>\n

\u9762\u8bd5\u9898：<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u8bb2\u8bb2JVM\u7684GC？<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u548c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6，\u4e0d\u662fJava\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f34\u751f\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u65e9\u57281968\u5e74，\u7b2c\u4e00\u95e8\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u548c\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u6280\u672f\u7684Lisp\u8bed\u8a00\u8bde\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u8981\u56de\u6536？<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 2\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u56de\u6536?<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 3\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u56de\u6536?<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u673a\u5236\u662fJava\u7684\u62db\u724c\u80fd\u529b，\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387<\/span>\u3002\u5982\u4eca，\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u51e0\u4e4e\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6807\u914d，\u5373\u4f7f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5982\u6b64\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u53d1\u5c55，Java\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u673a\u5236\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6f14\u8fdb\u4e2d，\u4e0d\u540c\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f，\u5bf9\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6311\u6218，\u8fd9\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u662f\u9762\u8bd5\u7684\u70ed\u70b9<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5783\u573e（Garbage)）？<\/h4>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 1\u3001\u5783\u573e\u662f\u6307\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u662f\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u7684\u5783\u573e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 2\u3001\u5916\u6587:An object is considered garbage when it can no longer be reached from any pointer in the running program.<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u53ca\u65f6\u5bf9\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5783\u573e\u8fdb\u884c\u6e05\u7406，\u90a3\u4e48，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5783\u573e\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5360\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u4fdd\u7559\u5230\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f，\u88ab\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

1.2\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981GC?<\/h4>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7ea7\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4，\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u8ba4\u77e5\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536，\u5185\u5b58\u8fdf\u65e9\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6d88\u8017\u5b8c<\/span>，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u800c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u6536，\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u751f\u4ea7\u751f\u6d3b\u5783\u573e\u800c\u4ece\u6765\u4e0d\u6253\u626b\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u9664\u4e86\u91ca\u653e\u6ca1\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u9664\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u788e\u7247\u3002\u788e\u7247\u6574\u7406\u5c06\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u79fb\u5230\u5806\u7684\u4e00\u7aef，\u4ee5\u4fbf JVM \u5c06\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u968f\u7740\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u5e94\u4ed8\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e9e\u5927\u3001\u590d\u6742，\u7528\u6237\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a，\u6ca1\u6709GC\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u3002\u800c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9020\u6210STW\u7684GC\u53c8\u8ddf\u4e0d\u4e0a\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u9700\u6c42，\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5bf9GC\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5bf9\u4e8eJava\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u800c\u8a00，\u81ea\u52a8\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50，\u5982\u679c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u201d，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5c06\u4f1a\u662f\u4e00\u573a\u707e\u96be，\u6700\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f31\u5316Java\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u65f6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u6b64\u65f6，\u4e86\u89e3]VM\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u56de\u6536\u539f\u7406\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981，\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u4e86\u89e3JVM\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u540e，\u6211\u4eec\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u9047\u89c1OutOfMemoryError\u65f6，\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u6839\u636e\u9519\u8bef\u5f02\u5e38\u65e5\u5fd7\u5b9a\u4f4d\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u6392\u67e5\u5404\u79cd\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u95ee\u9898\u65f6，\u5f53\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u6210\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fbe\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u91cf\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u201d\u7684\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u65bd\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8c03\u8282<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3\u3001Java\u4e2d\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\u533a\u57df\u662f?<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e74\u8f7b\u4ee3\u56de\u6536，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u4ee3\u56de\u6536，\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u5168\u5806\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u533a\u7684\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5176\u4e2d，Java\u5806\u662f\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cd\u70b9<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u6b21\u6570\u4e0a\u8bb2：1\u3001\u9891\u7e41\u6536\u96c6Young\u533a 2\u3001\u8f83\u5c11\u6536\u96c6Old\u533a 3\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u4e0d\u52a8Perm\u533a(\u6216\u5143\u7a7a\u95f4)<\/p>\n

1.4\u3001\u65e9\u671f\u7684GC<\/h4>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5728\u65e9\u671f\u7684C\/C++\u65f6\u4ee3，\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u662f\u624b\u5de5\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528new\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u7533\u8bf7，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528delete\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7075\u6d3b\u63a7\u5236\u5185\u5b58\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4，\u4f46\u662f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5e26\u6765\u9891\u7e41\u7533\u8bf7\u548c\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u8d1f\u62c5<\/span>\u3002\u5018\u82e5\u6709\u4e00\u5904\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u95f4\u7531\u4e8e\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5fd8\u8bb0\u88ab\u56de\u6536，\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f<\/span>，\u5783\u573e\u5bf9\u8c61\u6c38\u8fdc\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u6e05\u9664，\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f，\u5783\u573e\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u8017\u5185\u5b58\u53ef\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u5347，\u76f4\u5230\u51fa\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u6ea2\u51fa<\/span>\u5e76\u9020\u6210\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u73b0\u5728，\u9664\u4e86Java\u4ee5\u5916，C#\u3001Python\u3001Ruby\u7b49\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536<\/span>\u7684\u601d\u60f3，\u4e5f\u662f\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4，\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u548c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u4ee3\u5f00\u53d1\u8bed\u8a00\u5fc5\u5907\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h3>\n

\u9762\u8bd5\u9898：<\/p>\n

1\u3001GC\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5，\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5\u548c\u6807\u8bb0\u6e05\u9664\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9?<\/p>\n

2\u3001GC \u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5:\u6807\u8bb0\u6e05\u9664\u3001\u6807\u8bb0\u6574\u7406\u3001\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u539f\u7406\u4e0e\u7279\u70b9，\u5206\u522b\u7528\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9，\u5982\u679c\u8ba9\u4f60\u4f18\u5316\u6536\u96c6\u65b9\u6cd5，\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u601d\u8def?<\/p>\n

3\u3001JVM GC\u7b97\u6cd5\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b，\u76ee\u524d\u7684DK\u7248\u672c\u91c7\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u56de\u6536\u7b97\u6cd5<\/p>\n

4\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u6d3b?<\/p>\n

5\u3001\u4f60\u662f\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u65b9\u6cd5\u5224\u65ad\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u6b7b\u4ea1?<\/p>\n

2.1\u3001\u5783\u573e\u5224\u522b\u9636\u6bb5\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5728\u5806\u91cc\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u7684java\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u5728GC\u6267\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u4e4b\u524d，\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61，\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b7b\u4ea1\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，GC\u624d\u4f1a\u5728\u6267\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u65f6，\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u5176\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4， \u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u6807\u8bb0\u9636\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u5728JVM\u4e2d\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6807\u8bb0\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5bf9\u8c61\u5462?<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4，\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u88ab\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f15\u7528\u65f6，\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ba3\u5224\u4e3a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h5>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5(Reference Counting)\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355，\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u578b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u539f\u7406：\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61A，\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5f15\u7528\u4e86A，\u5219A \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5c31\u52a01，\u5f53\u5f15\u7528\u5931\u6548\u65f6，\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5c31\u51cf1\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u5bf9\u8c61A\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7684\u503c\u4e3a8\u5373\u8868\u793a\u5bf9\u8c61A\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u518d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528，\u53ef\u8fdb\u884c\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u70b9：\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u5783\u573e\u5bf9\u8c61\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8fa8\u8bc6;\u5224\u5b9a\u6548\u7387\u9ad8，\u56de\u6536\u6ca1\u6709\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f3a\u70b91：\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5\u5b58\u50a8\u8ba1\u6570\u5668，\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002 \u7f3a\u70b92：\u6bcf\u6b21\u8d4b\u503c\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u8ba1\u6570\u5668，\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u52a0\u6cd5\u548c\u51cf\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c，\u8fd9\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f3a\u70b93：\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u5373\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u81f4\u547d\u7f3a\u9677，\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728Java \u7684\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u5668\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\/**
\n * -XX:+PrintGCDetails -Xms20m -Xmx20m
\n * \u8bc1\u660e:java\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5
\n *\/
\npublic class RefCountGc {
\n \/\/ \u8fd9\u4e2a\u6210\u5458\u5c5e\u6027\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5c31\u662f\u5360\u7528\u4e00\u70b9\u5185\u5b58
\n private byte[] bigSize = new byte[5 * 1024 * 1024];\/\/5MB
\n Object reference = null;<\/p>\n

public static void main(String[] args) {
\n RefCountGc obj1 = new RefCountGc();
\n RefCountGc obj2 = new RefCountGc();
\n obj1.reference = obj2;
\n obj2.reference = obj1;
\n obj1 = null;
\n obj2 = null;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u663e\u5f0f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u884c\u4e3a
\n \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u53d1\u751fGc，obj1\u548cobj2\u80fd\u5426\u88ab\u56de\u6536?
\n System.gc();
\n try {
\n Thread.sleep(1000000);
\n } catch (InterruptedException e) {
\n throw new RuntimeException(e);
\n }
\n }
\n} <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5c31\u60f3\u7528\u6b64\u7b97\u6cd5，\u600e\u4e48\u89e3\u51b3\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5，\u662f\u5f88\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u56de\u6536\u9009\u62e9，\u4f8b\u5982\u56e0\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u800c\u66f4\u52a0\u706b\u70ed\u7684Python，\u5b83\u66f4\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u652f\u6301\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u548c\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 Java\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u62e9\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570，\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5176\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u96be\u9898，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5f88\u96be\u5904\u7406\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5(\u6216\u6839\u641c\u7d22\u7b97\u6cd5\u3001\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6027\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6)<\/h5>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5\u800c\u8a00，\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e0d\u4ec5\u540c\u6837\u5177\u5907\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355\u548c\u6267\u884c\u9ad8\u6548\u7b49\u7279\u70b9，\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d<\/span>\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528<\/span>\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e\u5f15\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u7b97\u6cd5，\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u5c31\u662fJava\u3001C#\u9009\u62e9\u7684<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u53eb\u4f5c\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6027\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6<\/span>(Tracing Garbage Collection)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u539f\u7406：\u5176\u539f\u7406\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4，\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ca\u5176\u5f15\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u770b\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fe，\u9009\u5b9a\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f5c\u4e3aGCRoots，\u7136\u540e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5f15\u7528\u94fe\u6761，\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u548cGC Roots\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5f15\u7528\u94fe\u6761，\u90a3\u4e48\u5373\u53ef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u53ef\u56de\u6536\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u8def：<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4ee5\u6839\u5bf9\u8c61\u96c6\u5408(GcRoots)\u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u70b9，\u6309\u7167\u4ece\u4e0a\u81f3\u4e0b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u641c\u7d22\u88ab\u6839\u5bf9\u8c61\u96c6\u5408\u6240\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8fbe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5\u540e，\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u6839\u5bf9\u8c61\u96c6\u5408\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u7740，\u641c\u7d22\u6240\u8d70\u8fc7\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u79f0\u4e3a\u5f15\u7528\u94fe(Reference chain)<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u6807\u5bf9\u8c61\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5f15\u7528\u94fe\u76f8\u8fde!\u5219\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684，\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b7b\u4ea1，\u53ef\u4ee5\u6807\u8bb0\u4e3a\u5783\u573e \u5bf9\u8c61\u3002 4\u3001\u5728\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d，\u53ea\u6709\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u6839\u5bf9\u8c61\u96c6\u5408\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u8005\u95f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u662f\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u76ee\u524d\u8f83\u4e3a\u5e38\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u70b9：\u5b9e\u73b0\u7b80\u5355，\u6267\u884c\u9ad8\u6548，\u6709\u6548\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u9632\u6b62\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

GC Roots<\/p>\n

\u5728Java \u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d， GC Roots \u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\u5143\u7d20：<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6808\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bd4\u5982:\u5404\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3001\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u3002 2\u3001\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5\u6808\u5185JNI(\u901a\u5e38\u8bf4\u7684\u672c\u5730\u65b9\u6cd5)\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

3\u3001\u7c7b\u9759\u6001\u5c5e\u6027\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bd4\u5982:Java\u7c7b\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf 4\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u533a\u4e2d\u5e38\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6bd4\u5982:\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5e38\u91cf\u6c60(string Table)\u91cc\u7684\u5f15\u7528 5\u3001\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u540c\u6b65\u9501synchronized\u6301\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61 6\u3001Java\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u57fa\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684class\u5bf9\u8c61，\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u9a7b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61(\u5982:NullPointerException\u3001OutofMemoryError)，\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u52a0\u8f7d\u5668\u3002 7\u3001\u53cd\u6620java\u865a\u62df\u673a\u5185\u90e8\u60c5\u51b5\u7684JMXBean\u3001JVMTI\u4e2d\u6ce8\u518c\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u3001\u672c\u5730\u4ee3\u7801\u7f13\u5b58\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

8\u3001\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684GC Roots\u96c6\u5408\u4ee5\u5916，\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u6240\u9009\u7528\u7684\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u524d\u56de\u6536\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u4e0d\u540c，\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5bf9\u8c61\u201c\u4e34\u65f6\u6027\u201d\u5730\u52a0\u5165，\u5171\u540c\u6784\u6210\u5b8c\u6574GCRoots\u96c6\u5408\u3002\u6bd4\u5982:\u5206\u4ee3\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u56de\u6536(Partial Gc)\u3002 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5982\u679c\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9Java\u5806\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u5757\u533a\u57df\u8fdb\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536(\u6bd4\u5982:\u5178\u578b\u7684\u53ea\u9488\u5bf9\u65b0\u751f\u4ee3)，\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u662f\u865a\u62df\u673a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282，\u66f4\u4e0d\u662f\u5b64\u7acb\u5c01\u95ed\u7684，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b8c\u5168\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5f15\u7528，\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5e76\u5c06\u5173\u8054\u7684\u533a\u57df\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e5f\u52a0\u5165GCRoots\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u53bb\u8003\u8651，\u624d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u6280\u5de7：\u7531\u4e8eRoot \u91c7\u7528\u6808\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b58\u653e\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u6307\u9488，\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488，\u5b83\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61，\u4f46\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u53c8\u4e0d\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u5806\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u9762，\u90a3\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aRoot\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9762\u8bd5\u9898：<\/p>\n

1\u3001Java Gc\u673a\u5236?GC Roots\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b?<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3aGC Root?<\/p>\n

3\u3001JVM\u600e\u6837\u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u56de\u6536，\u600e\u6837\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u624d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3aGc root？<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9：\u5982\u679c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u8fbe\u6027\u5206\u6790\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u56de\u6536，\u90a3\u4e48\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u4f5c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u4fdd\u969c<\/span>\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u7684\u5feb\u7167\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c<\/span>\u3002\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u7684\u8bdd\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u70b9\u4e5f\u662f\u5bfc\u81f4GC\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\u5fc5\u987b\u201cStop The World\u201d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002 \u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u53f7\u79f0(\u51e0\u4e4e)\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u505c\u987f\u7684CMS\u6536\u96c6\u5668\u4e2d，<\/span>\u679a\u4e3e\u6839\u8282\u70b9\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u505c\u987f\u7684<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

2.2\u3001\u5783\u573e\u6e05\u9664\u9636\u6bb5\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u5f53\u6210\u529f\u533a\u5206\u51fa\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u5b58\u6d3b\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u5bf9\u8c61\u540e，GC\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5c31\u662f\u6267\u884c\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536，\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u65e0\u7528\u5bf9\u8c61\u6240\u5360\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4，\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e3a\u65b0\u5bf9\u8c61\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5728JVM\u4e2d\u6bd4\u8f83\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u5783\u573e\u6536\u96c6\u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u6807\u8bb0-\u6e05\u9664\u7b97\u6cd5(Mark-Sweep)\u3001\u590d\u5236\u7b97\u6cd5(Copying )\u3001\u6807\u8bb0-\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5( Mark-Compact)\u3002<\/p>\n

1\u3001\u6807\u8bb0-\u6e05\u9664\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h5>\n<\/p>\n
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3\u3001\u6807\u8bb0-\u538b\u7f29\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h5>\n<\/p>\n
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5\u3001\u5206\u6790GC\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n

\u00a0 JVM\u5b66\u4e60(\u4e00)<\/p>\n

JVM\u5b66\u4e60(\u4e94)–\u6267\u884c\u5f15\u64ce<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

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