{"id":41003,"date":"2025-05-30T16:41:32","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T08:41:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/41003.html"},"modified":"2025-05-30T16:41:32","modified_gmt":"2025-05-30T08:41:32","slug":"%e5%90%8e%e7%ab%af%e9%9d%a2%e8%af%95%e5%bf%85%e5%a4%87%ef%bc%9a%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8nginx%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%8f%8d%e5%90%91%e4%bb%a3%e7%90%86%e6%97%b6%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e5%b0%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/41003.html","title":{"rendered":"\u540e\u7aef\u9762\u8bd5\u5fc5\u5907\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nginx\u9762\u8bd5\u9898 – \u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u65f6，\u5982\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668？<\/h2>\n

\u56de\u7b54\u91cd\u70b9<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5728\u4f7f\u7528Nginx\u5b9e\u73b0\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u65f6，\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f（\u5982IP\u5730\u5740）\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5728Nginx\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

  • \u4f7f\u7528proxy_set_header\u6307\u4ee4，\u5c06$remote_addr(\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP\u5730\u5740)\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u662fx-Forwarded-For\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5,\u5982\u4e0b:<\/li>\n

    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

  • \u8981\u786e\u4fddHost\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e5f\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528：<\/li>\n

    proxy_set_header Host $host<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

  • \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefUser-Agent，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528:<\/li>\n

    proxy_set_header User-Agent $http_user_agent<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

    server {<\/span>
    \n listen 80<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n server_name example.com;<\/span><\/p>\n

    location \/ {<\/span>
    \n proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;<\/span>
    \n proxy_set_header Host $host<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n

    \u5f15\u8a00<\/h3>\n

    \u5728\u73b0\u4ee3Web\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d，\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u591f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u5185\u5bb9，\u8fd8\u80fd\u5728\u4ee3\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u4f20\u9012\u5173\u952e\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u5728Nginx\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u5b9eIP\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n

    #mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 {font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .label text,#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .node rect,#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .node circle,#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .node .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edgeLabel{background-color:#e8e8e8;text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:#e8e8e8;fill:#e8e8e8;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-fBqQowmNFWuFTEJ9 :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;} <\/p>\n

    \u8bf7\u6c42<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \u4ee3\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \u54cd\u5e94<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \u54cd\u5e94<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/span> <\/p>\n

    Nginx\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \u5982\u4e0a\u56fe\u6240\u793a，\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u67b6\u6784\u65f6，\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230Nginx\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740，\u800c\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u539f\u59cb\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee5\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898：<\/p>\n

  • \u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e，\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u6765\u81eaNginx\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n
  • \u57fa\u4e8eIP\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u5931\u6548<\/li>\n
  • \u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c<\/li>\n
  • \u5b89\u5168\u5ba1\u8ba1\u56f0\u96be<\/li>\n

    \u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n

    1. \u4f20\u9012\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u5b9eIP<\/h4>\n

    \u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u901a\u8fc7X-Forwarded-For\u548cX-Real-IP\u5934\u90e8\u4f20\u9012\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP：<\/p>\n

    location \/ {
    \n proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
    \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
    \n proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;
    \n}<\/p>\n

      \n
    • $remote_addr：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u771f\u5b9eIP\u5730\u5740<\/li>\n
    • $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for：\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u73b0\u6709\u7684X-Forwarded-For\u5934\u90e8<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      #mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok {font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .error-icon{fill:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .error-text{fill:#552222;stroke:#552222;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edge-thickness-normal{stroke-width:2px;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edge-thickness-thick{stroke-width:3.5px;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edge-pattern-solid{stroke-dasharray:0;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edge-pattern-dashed{stroke-dasharray:3;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edge-pattern-dotted{stroke-dasharray:2;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .marker{fill:#333333;stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .marker.cross{stroke:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok svg{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:16px;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .label{font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .cluster-label text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .cluster-label span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .label text,#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok span{fill:#333;color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .node rect,#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .node circle,#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .node ellipse,#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .node polygon,#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .node path{fill:#ECECFF;stroke:#9370DB;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .node .label{text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .node.clickable{cursor:pointer;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .arrowheadPath{fill:#333333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edgePath .path{stroke:#333333;stroke-width:2.0px;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .flowchart-link{stroke:#333333;fill:none;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edgeLabel{background-color:#e8e8e8;text-align:center;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .edgeLabel rect{opacity:0.5;background-color:#e8e8e8;fill:#e8e8e8;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .cluster rect{fill:#ffffde;stroke:#aaaa33;stroke-width:1px;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .cluster text{fill:#333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok .cluster span{color:#333;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok div.mermaidTooltip{position:absolute;text-align:center;max-width:200px;padding:2px;font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;font-size:12px;background:hsl(80, 100%, 96.2745098039%);border:1px solid #aaaa33;border-radius:2px;pointer-events:none;z-index:100;}#mermaid-svg-4Ehxen9JvMsll0ok :root{–mermaid-font-family:\\”trebuchet ms\\”,verdana,arial,sans-serif;} <\/p>\n

      X-Forwarded-For: 203.0.113.1<\/span> <\/p>\n

      X-Forwarded-For: 203.0.113.1, 192.168.1.10X-Real-IP: 203.0.113.1<\/span> <\/p>\n

      Client<\/span> <\/p>\n

      Nginx<\/span> <\/p>\n

      Backend<\/span> <\/p>\n

      2. \u4f20\u9012\u534f\u8bae\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n

      \u5f53Nginx\u5904\u7406HTTPS\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u4ee3\u7406\u5230\u540e\u7aefHTTP\u670d\u52a1\u65f6，\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u9012\u539f\u59cb\u534f\u8bae\u4fe1\u606f：<\/p>\n

      location \/ {
      \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
      \n proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;
      \n}<\/p>\n

        \n
      • $scheme：\u8bf7\u6c42\u534f\u8bae（http\u6216https）<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        3. \u4f20\u9012\u4e3b\u673a\u5934\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n

        location \/ {
        \n proxy_set_header Host $host;
        \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
        \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;
        \n proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;
        \n}<\/p>\n

          \n
        • $host：\u539f\u59cb\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/li>\n
        • $server_port：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u5b8c\u6574\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b<\/h3>\n

          server {
          \n listen 80;
          \n server_name example.com;<\/p>\n

          location \/ {
          \n proxy_pass http:\/\/backend_server;<\/p>\n

          # \u4f20\u9012\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fe1\u606f
          \n proxy_set_header Host $host;
          \n proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
          \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
          \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
          \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $host;
          \n proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port $server_port;<\/p>\n

          # \u5176\u4ed6\u4ee3\u7406\u8bbe\u7f6e
          \n proxy_redirect off;
          \n proxy_connect_timeout 60s;
          \n proxy_read_timeout 60s;
          \n }
          \n}<\/p>\n

          \u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u8bfb\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f<\/h3>\n

          \u4e0d\u540c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

          PHP\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n

          $realIp<\/span> =<\/span> $_SERVER<\/span>[<\/span>'HTTP_X_REAL_IP'<\/span>]<\/span> ??<\/span> $_SERVER<\/span>[<\/span>'REMOTE_ADDR'<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
          \n$forwardedFor<\/span> =<\/span> $_SERVER<\/span>[<\/span>'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR'<\/span>]<\/span> ??<\/span> ''<\/span>;<\/span>
          \n$protocol<\/span> =<\/span> $_SERVER<\/span>[<\/span>'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'<\/span>]<\/span> ??<\/span> 'http'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

          Node.js\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n

          const<\/span> realIp =<\/span> req.<\/span>headers[<\/span>'x-real-ip'<\/span>]<\/span> ||<\/span> req.<\/span>connection.<\/span>remoteAddress;<\/span>
          \nconst<\/span> forwardedFor =<\/span> req.<\/span>headers[<\/span>'x-forwarded-for'<\/span>]<\/span> ||<\/span> ''<\/span>;<\/span>
          \nconst<\/span> protocol =<\/span> req.<\/span>headers[<\/span>'x-forwarded-proto'<\/span>]<\/span> ||<\/span> 'http'<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u5b89\u5168\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h3>\n
        • \u4e0d\u8981\u4fe1\u4efb\u672a\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684X-Forwarded-For\u5934：\u8be5\u5934\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f2a\u9020，\u5e94\u53ea\u4fe1\u4efb\u6765\u81ea\u53ef\u4fe1\u4ee3\u7406\u7684IP<\/li>\n
        • \u4f7f\u7528proxy_headers\u6a21\u5757\u9a8c\u8bc1：\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u53ea\u6dfb\u52a0\u5934\u90e8\u5f53\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6<\/li>\n
        • \u9650\u5236\u4ee3\u7406\u5934\u90e8：\u53ea\u4f20\u9012\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5934\u90e8\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef<\/li>\n

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