![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042635-6839337b07d72.gif\")
<\/p>\n\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n
1.C\u8bed\u8a00\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f 😊<\/p>\n
1. \u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n
2. \u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/p>\n
3.\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/p>\n
2. C++\u5f02\u5e38\u6982\u5ff5🌼<\/p>\n
2.1 C++\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/p>\n
2.2\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u629b\u51fa\u548c\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n
2.3\u00a0\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa<\/p>\n
2.4 \u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n
2.5 \u5f02\u5e38\u89c4\u8303<\/p>\n
3. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb 💕😘<\/p>\n
3.1\u00a0\u00a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/p>\n
3.2\u00a0\u00a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
3.3. \u6355\u83b7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n
3.4 \u5f02\u5e38\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/p>\n
4.C++\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb 😁😁<\/p>\n
5.\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9🤣🤣<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u524d\u8a00😘😘😘<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u5904\u7406\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684，\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002C\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/span>，\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u63a5，\u4f46\u5728\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d，\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e14\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b，C++\u5f15\u5165\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f，\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7ba1\u7406\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u548c\u4f18\u96c5\u3002<\/p>\n \u672c\u8282\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdC++\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7528\u6cd5\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5bf9\u6bd4C\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5206\u6790C++\u5f02\u5e38\u673a\u5236\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9，\u5e76\u63a2\u8ba8\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb，\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4f7f\u7528C++\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n C\u8bed\u8a00\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f：\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002<\/span>\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528，\u4f46\u5404\u81ea\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u548c\u7f3a\u9677，\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6，\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n \u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528assert\u5b8f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002assert\u4f1a\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5bf9\u6761\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u67e5，\u5982\u679c\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3，\u5219\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u7acb\u5373\u7ec8\u6b62\u5e76\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n \u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n #include <assert.h><\/p>\n void foo(int x) { int main() { \u7f3a\u9677：<\/p>\n \u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9047\u5230\u65e0\u6cd5\u6062\u590d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65f6，assert\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f，\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u81f4\u547d\u9519\u8bef\u65f6，\u7528\u6237\u5e0c\u671b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u6765\u901a\u77e5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728C\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u666e\u904d，\u8bb8\u591a\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u51fd\u6570（\u5982malloc\u3001fopen\u7b49）\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u6765\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u9519\u8bef，\u5e76\u505a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n \u6bd4\u5982，malloc\u5728\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56deNULL，fopen\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56deNULL，errno\u5219\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf，\u7528\u4e8e\u8bb0\u5f55\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u6b21\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7f3a\u9677：<\/p>\n \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684C\u8bed\u8a00\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002C\u8bed\u8a00\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5efa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u673a\u5236，\u6240\u4ee5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5fc5\u987b\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u67e5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u6765\u624b\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9519\u8bef，\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u901a\u5e38\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u53d8\u5f97\u5197\u957f\u4e14\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u5e38\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b（\u5982\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u5931\u8d25\u7b49），\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u76f4\u63a5\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u5931\u8d25\u65f6，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c，\u8fd9\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7exit()\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n C++\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u673a\u5236，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4e2d\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u6d41，\u5e76\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5757\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u591f\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5e94\u5bf9\u5404\u79cd\u9519\u8bef，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u50cfC\u8bed\u8a00\u90a3\u6837\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n \u5f02\u5e38 (Exception)<\/p>\n \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236 C++\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u79cd\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406：<\/p>\n 1. \u5f02\u5e38\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u629b\u51fa\u5bf9\u8c61\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u7684，\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5e94\u8be5\u6fc0\u6d3b\u54ea\u4e2acatch\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n 2. \u88ab\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\u4e0e\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7c7b\u578b\u5339\u914d\u4e14\u79bb\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n 3. \u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u540e，\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d，\u56e0\u4e3a\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61，<\/p>\n \u6240\u4ee5\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u62f7\u8d1d\u5bf9\u8c61，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u4f1a\u5728\u88abcatch\u4ee5\u540e\u9500\u6bc1\u3002（\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5904\u7406\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/p>\n \u4e8e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u4f20\u503c\u8fd4\u56de）<\/p>\n 4. catch(…)\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38，\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5f02\u5e38\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n 5. \u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u629b\u51fa\u548c\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219\u6709\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5916，\u5e76\u4e0d\u90fd\u662f\u7c7b\u578b\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61，<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u6355\u83b7，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u975e\u5e38\u5b9e\u7528，\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u9762\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\u5f02\u5e38\u6808\u5c55\u5f00\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219<\/p>\n 1. \u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5throw\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u5728try\u5757\u5185\u90e8，\u5982\u679c\u662f\u518d\u67e5\u627e\u5339\u914d\u7684catch\u8bed\u53e5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684，\u5219<\/p>\n \u8c03\u5230catch\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n 2. \u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684catch\u5219\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u51fd\u6570\u6808，\u7ee7\u7eed\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6808\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u627e\u5339\u914d\u7684catch\u3002<\/p>\n 3. \u5982\u679c\u5230\u8fbemain\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u6808，\u4f9d\u65e7\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u7684，\u5219\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cbf\u7740\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u67e5\u627e\u5339\u914d\u7684<\/p>\n catch\u5b50\u53e5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u6808\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u540e\u90fd\u8981\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2acatch(…)\u6355\u83b7\u4efb\u610f\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02<\/p>\n \u5e38，\u5426\u5219\u5f53\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u6ca1\u6355\u83b7，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u7ec8\u6b62\u3002<\/p>\n 4. \u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u7684catch\u5b50\u53e5\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u540e，\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u6cbf\u7740catch\u5b50\u53e5\u540e\u9762\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4ee3\u7801\u6848\u4f8b：<\/p>\n double Division(int a, int b) \u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728 C++ \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u9519\u8bef（\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9664\u4ee5\u96f6\u7684\u9519\u8bef）\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 throw \u548c catch<\/span>，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38，\u907f\u514d\u5d29\u6e83\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u89c2，\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6539\u8fdb，\u91c7\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u548c\u66f4\u591a\u8f93\u5165\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n C++ \u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684 \u5f02\u5e38\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa（rethrow）\u3002\u5f53\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6，\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u524d\u51fd\u6570\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38，\u6216\u5e0c\u671b\u66f4\u4e0a\u5c42\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 throw; \u8bed\u53e5\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5f53\u524d catch \u5757\u4e2d\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e9b\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c（\u5982\u8d44\u6e90\u91ca\u653e），\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5f02\u5e38\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d\u7684\u66f4\u5916\u5c42\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n \u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n 1. Division \u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n \u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u6574\u6570\u7684\u9664\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n double Division(int a, int b) { \u00a02. Func \u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n \u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6267\u884c\u9664\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5e76\u6f14\u793a\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n catch (…) \u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n delete[] array; \u91ca\u653e\u5728 Func \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n \u7136\u540e，throw; \u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38，\u5c06\u5176\u4f20\u9012\u5230 main \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684 catch \u5757\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n void Func() { \u00a03. main \u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n main \u51fd\u6570\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a try-catch \u5757，\u8d1f\u8d23\u6355\u83b7\u4ece Func \u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u9012\u4e0a\u6765\u7684\u5f02\u5e38：<\/p>\n int main() { \u00a0\u5de5\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e0e\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n \u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa<\/p>\n throw; \u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n \u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa\u573a\u666f<\/p>\n \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u79cd\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u5177\u7075\u6d3b\u6027，\u9002\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u7ea7\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u9700\u6c42，\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6709\u6548\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n \u5728 C++ \u4e2d，\u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6，\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u6b63\u786e\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0d\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3002\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u5173\u952e\u70b9：<\/p>\n \u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570：\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38，\u5426\u5219\u5bf9\u8c61\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4e34\u65f6\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u907f\u514d\u590d\u6742\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570：\u5c3d\u91cf\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u6790\u6784\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8d44\u6e90\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6216\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5d29\u6e83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5fc5\u987b\u5904\u7406\u5f02\u5e38，\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u907f\u514d\u4f20\u64ad\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u5f02\u5e38：\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d（new）\u548c\u9501\u7ba1\u7406\u4e2d，\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6216\u6b7b\u9501\u3002RAII（\u8d44\u6e90\u83b7\u53d6\u5373\u521d\u59cb\u5316）\u6a21\u5f0f\u80fd\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90，\u786e\u4fdd\u5f02\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u6b63\u786e\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488：\u4f7f\u7528\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488（\u5982 std::unique_ptr）\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u5185\u5b58，\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n RAII \u548c\u667a\u80fd\u6307\u9488\u662f\u89e3\u51b3\u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177，\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u5bf9\u8c61\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u5185\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n 1. \u5f02\u5e38\u89c4\u683c\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u77e5\u9053\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u7684<\/p>\n \u540e\u9762\u63a5throw(\u7c7b\u578b)，\u5217\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u80fd\u629b\u63b7\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n 2. \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u540e\u9762\u63a5throw()，\u8868\u793a\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u629b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n 3. \u82e5\u65e0\u5f02\u5e38\u63a5\u53e3\u58f0\u660e，\u5219\u6b64\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u629b\u63b7\u4efb\u4f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u629b\u51faA\/B\/C\/D\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38 \u5728 C++ \u4e2d，\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b，\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u5177\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u6027，\u65b9\u4fbf\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002 \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u901a\u5e38\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 std::exception \u7c7b，\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea std::runtime_error \u6216 std::logic_error\u3002<\/p>\n \u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n #include <iostream> \/\/ \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b，\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea std::runtime_error void testFunction() { int main() { \u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u5883\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f，\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n class FileNotFoundException : public std::runtime_error { const std::string& getFilename() const { return filename; }<\/p>\n private: class InvalidInputException : public std::invalid_argument { \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b \u5728 try-catch \u5757\u4e2d\u6355\u83b7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6，\u5e94\u8be5\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u6355\u83b7，\u786e\u4fdd\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n try { \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb\u66f4\u52a0\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n \u603b\u7ed3<\/p>\n \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b（\u5982 std::exception \u6216 std::runtime_error）\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u7b26\u5408\u7279\u5b9a\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5f02\u5e38\u533a\u5206，\u5e2e\u52a9\u7f16\u5199\u66f4\u5177\u8868\u73b0\u529b\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n C++ \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5f02\u5e38，\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728 \u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4ee5\u7236\u5b50\u7c7b\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u7684，\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/p>\n \u8bf4\u660e：\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u7ee7\u627fexception\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e2d\u5f88\u591a\u516c\u53f8\u50cf\u4e0a\u9762\u4e00\u6837\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u5957\u5f02\u5e38\u7ee7\u627f\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aC++\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e0d\u591f\u597d\u7528 \u00a0<\/p>\n int main() C++\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4f18\u70b9：<\/p>\n 1. \u5f02\u5e38\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b9a\u4e49\u597d\u4e86，\u76f8\u6bd4\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e05\u6670\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f，\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305<\/p>\n \u542b\u5806\u6808\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f，\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684bug\u3002<\/p>\n 2. \u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709\u4e2a\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u662f，\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u94fe\u4e2d，\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u9519\u8bef，\u90a3<\/p>\n \u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5c42\u5c42\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef，\u6700\u5916\u5c42\u624d\u80fd\u62ff\u5230\u9519\u8bef，\u5177\u4f53\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n \/\/ 1.\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230ConnnectSql\u4e2d\u51fa\u9519\u4e86，\u5148\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9ServerStart， 3. \u5f88\u591a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u5f02\u5e38，\u6bd4\u5982boost\u3001gtest\u3001gmock\u7b49\u7b49\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93，\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u4eec<\/p>\n \u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n 4. \u90e8\u5206\u51fd\u6570\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u66f4\u597d\u5904\u7406，\u6bd4\u5982\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u4f7f\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6bd4\u5982<\/p>\n T& operator\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u5982\u679cpos\u8d8a\u754c\u4e86\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u8005\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5904\u7406，\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de<\/p>\n \u503c\u8868\u793a\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n C++\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9：<\/p>\n 1. \u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u4e71\u8df3，\u5e76\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u6df7\u4e71，\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u51fa\u9519\u629b\u5f02\u5e38\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e71\u8df3\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a<\/p>\n \u5bfc\u81f4\u6211\u4eec\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\u4ee5\u53ca\u5206\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6，\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/p>\n 2. \u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u786c\u4ef6\u901f\u5ea6\u5f88\u5feb\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f71\u54cd\u57fa\u672c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n 3. C++\u6ca1\u6709\u5783\u573e\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236，\u8d44\u6e90\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u5f02\u5e38\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3001\u6b7b\u9501\u7b49\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n \u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528RAII\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n 4. C++\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f97\u4e0d\u597d，\u5bfc\u81f4\u5927\u5bb6\u5404\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb，\u975e\u5e38\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u3002<\/p>\n 5. \u5f02\u5e38\u5c3d\u91cf\u89c4\u8303\u4f7f\u7528，\u5426\u5219\u540e\u679c\u4e0d\u582a\u8bbe\u60f3，\u968f\u610f\u629b\u5f02\u5e38，\u5916\u5c42\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u7528\u6237\u82e6\u4e0d\u582a\u8a00\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n \u89c4\u8303\u6709\u4e24\u70b9：\u4e00\u3001\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b\u90fd\u7ee7\u627f\u81ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7c7b\u3002\u4e8c\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u5426\u629b\u5f02\u5e38\u3001\u629b\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f02\u5e38，\u90fd<\/p>\n \u4f7f\u7528 func（） throw();\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n \u603b\u7ed3：\u5f02\u5e38\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00，\u5229\u5927\u4e8e\u5f0a，\u6240\u4ee5\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u9f13\u52b1\u4f7f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u3002\u53e6\u5916OO\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u7528\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u8fd9\u662f\u5927\u52bf\u6240\u8d8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb3.6k\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e147\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf132\u6b21\u3002C\u8bed\u8a00\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5404\u81ea\u4e5f\u6709\u5176\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u548c\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0a\u7684\u56f0\u96be\u3002_c++\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5f02\u5e38<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":40908,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,190],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-40916","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-190"],"yoast_head":"\n1.C\u8bed\u8a00\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f 😊<\/h4>\n
1. \u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/h5>\n
\n assert(x != 0); \/\/ \u5982\u679cx\u4e3a0，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec8\u6b62
\n printf("x is not zero\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n
\n foo(0); \/\/ \u89e6\u53d1\u65ad\u8a00，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ec8\u6b62
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042635-6839337b183f8.png\")
<\/p>\n\n
2. \u8fd4\u56de\u9519\u8bef\u7801<\/h5>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042635-6839337b57eb5.png\")
<\/p>\n\n
3.\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5<\/h5>\n
2. C++\u5f02\u5e38\u6982\u5ff5🌼<\/h4>\n
2.1 C++\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5<\/h5>\n
\n
\n
2.2\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u629b\u51fa\u548c\u5339\u914d\u539f\u5219<\/h5>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042635-6839337b7bd13.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042635-6839337b919d7.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n{
\n\/\/ \u5f53b == 0\u65f6\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38
\nif (b == 0)
\nthrow "Division by zero condition!";
\nelse
\nreturn ((double)a \/ (double)b);
\n}
\nvoid Func()
\n{
\nint len, time;
\ncin >> len >> time;
\ncout << Division(len, time) << endl;
\n}
\nint main()
\n{
\ntry {
\nFunc();
\n}
\ncatch (const char* errmsg） {
\ncout << errmsg << endl;
\n}
\ncatch(…){
\ncout<<"unkown exception"<<endl;
\n}
\nreturn 0;
\n} <\/p>\n2.3\u00a0\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa<\/h5>\n
\n
\n if (b == 0) \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u9664\u6570\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u96f6
\n throw "Division by zero condition!"; \/\/ \u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38
\n return (double)a \/ (double)b; \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u9664\u6cd5\u7ed3\u679c
\n}<\/p>\n\n
\n int* array = new int[10]; \/\/ \u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5185\u5b58
\n try {
\n int len, time;
\n cin >> len >> time; \/\/ \u4ece\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u83b7\u53d6\u4e24\u4e2a\u6574\u6570
\n cout << Division(len, time) << endl; \/\/ \u8c03\u7528Division\u8fdb\u884c\u9664\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c
\n } catch (…) {
\n \/\/ \u6355\u83b7\u6240\u6709\u5f02\u5e38
\n cout << "delete []" << array << endl;
\n delete[] array; \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58
\n throw; \/\/ \u91cd\u65b0\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38
\n }
\n \/\/ \u5728\u5f02\u5e38\u672a\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58
\n cout << "delete []" << array << endl;
\n delete[] array;
\n}<\/p>\n\n
\n try {
\n Func(); \/\/ \u8c03\u7528Func\u6267\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c
\n } catch (const char* errmsg) { \/\/ \u6355\u83b7\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5f02\u5e38
\n cout << errmsg << endl; \/\/ \u6253\u5370\u5f02\u5e38\u4fe1\u606f
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n\n
\n
\n
\n
2.4 \u5f02\u5e38\u5b89\u5168<\/h5>\n
2.5 \u5f02\u5e38\u89c4\u8303<\/h5>\n
\nvoid fun() throw(A，B，C，D);
\n\/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u4f1a\u629b\u51fabad_alloc\u7684\u5f02\u5e38
\nvoid* operator new (std::size_t size) throw (std::bad_alloc);
\n\/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38
\nvoid* operator delete (std::size_t size, void* ptr) throw();
\n\/\/ C++11 \u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u7684noexcept，\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u629b\u5f02\u5e38
\nthread() noexcept;
\nthread (thread&& x) noexcept; <\/p>\n3. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb 💕😘<\/h4>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042635-6839337be802a.png\")
<\/p>\n3.1\u00a0\u00a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b<\/h5>\n
\n#include <stdexcept>
\n#include <string><\/p>\n
\nclass MyException : public std::runtime_error {
\npublic:
\n MyException(const std::string& message)
\n : std::runtime_error(message) {} \/\/ \u8c03\u7528\u57fa\u7c7b\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570
\n};<\/p>\n
\n throw MyException("Something went wrong!");
\n}<\/p>\n
\n try {
\n testFunction();
\n } catch (const MyException& e) {
\n std::cout << "Caught MyException: " << e.what() << std::endl;
\n } catch (const std::exception& e) {
\n std::cout << "Caught std::exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n3.2\u00a0\u00a0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u591a\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u7c7b\u578b<\/h5>\n
\npublic:
\n FileNotFoundException(const std::string& filename)
\n : std::runtime_error("File not found: " + filename), filename(filename) {}<\/p>\n
\n std::string filename;
\n};<\/p>\n
\npublic:
\n InvalidInputException(const std::string& message)
\n : std::invalid_argument(message) {}
\n};<\/p>\n
\ntry {
\n throw FileNotFoundException("data.txt");
\n} catch (const FileNotFoundException& e) {
\n std::cout << e.what() << " Filename: " << e.getFilename() << std::endl;
\n}<\/p>\n3.3. \u6355\u83b7\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5f02\u5e38<\/h5>\n
\n throw InvalidInputException("Invalid input provided");
\n} catch (const InvalidInputException& e) {
\n std::cout << "Caught InvalidInputException: " << e.what() << std::endl;
\n} catch (const std::exception& e) {
\n std::cout << "Caught a generic exception: " << e.what() << std::endl;
\n}<\/p>\n3.4 \u5f02\u5e38\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h5>\n
\n
4.C++\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb 😁😁<\/h4>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042636-6839337c2ed4e.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250530042636-6839337c6d7fc.png\")
<\/p>\n
\n{
\ntry{
\nvector<int> v(10, 5);
\n\/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u591f\u4e5f\u4f1a\u629b\u5f02\u5e38
\nv.reserve(1000000000);
\n\/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u8d8a\u754c\u4f1a\u629b\u5f02\u5e38
\nv.at(10) = 100;
\n}
\ncatch (const exception& e) \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u6355\u83b7\u7236\u7c7b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5
\n{
\ncout << e.what() << endl;
\n}
\ncatch (…)
\n{
\ncout << "Unkown Exception" << endl;
\n}
\nreturn 0;
\n} <\/p>\n5.\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9🤣🤣<\/h4>\n
\nServerStart\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9main\u51fd\u6570，main\u51fd\u6570\u518d\u9488\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u5904\u7406\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\n\/\/ 2.\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u4f53\u7cfb，\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662fConnnectSql\u8fd8\u662fServerStart\u53ca\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u51fa\u9519，\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u68c0\u67e5，\u56e0
\n\u4e3a\u629b\u51fa\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u5f02\u5e38\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u5230main\u51fd\u6570\u4e2dcatch\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u5730\u65b9，main\u51fd\u6570\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u3002
\nint ConnnectSql()
\n{
\n\/\/ \u7528\u6237\u540d\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef
\nif (…)
\nreturn 1;
\n\/\/ \u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u8db3
\nif (…)
\nreturn 2;
\n}
\nint ServerStart() {
\nif (int ret = ConnnectSql() < 0)
\nreturn ret;
\nint fd = socket()
\nif（fd < 0）
\nreturn errno;
\n}
\nint main()
\n{
\nif(ServerStart()<0)
\n…
\nreturn 0;
\n} <\/p>\n