{"id":39504,"date":"2025-05-23T18:52:52","date_gmt":"2025-05-23T10:52:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/39504.html"},"modified":"2025-05-23T18:52:52","modified_gmt":"2025-05-23T10:52:52","slug":"c-%e6%a8%a1%e6%9d%bf%e6%96%b9%e6%b3%95%e6%a8%a1%e5%bc%8f%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e4%be%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/39504.html","title":{"rendered":"C++ \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u8be6\u89e3\u4e0e\u5b9e\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u6982\u5ff5\u200b<\/h2>\n<p>\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Template Method Pattern\uff09\u5c5e\u4e8e\u884c\u4e3a\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5230\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b50\u7c7b\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7ed3\u6784\u200b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5305\u542b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u89d2\u8272\uff1a\u200b \u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\uff08Abstract Class\uff09\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u7531\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\u7531\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b9e\u73b0\u597d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u200b \u5177\u4f53\u5b50\u7c7b\uff08Concrete Class\uff09\uff1a\u5b9e\u73b0\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u201c\u4f60\u4e0d\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u6211\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u4f60\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>\u5b9e\u4f8b\uff1a \u5236\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u996e\u54c1<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u5236\u4f5c\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u996e\u54c1\uff0c\u5982\u5496\u5561\u548c\u8336\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5236\u4f5c\u6d41\u7a0b\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u716e\u6c34\u3001\u51b2\u6ce1\u3001\u5012\u5165\u676f\u5b50\u7b49\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u51b2\u6ce1\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;iostream&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;string&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u996e\u54c1\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Beverage<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u996e\u54c1\u5236\u4f5c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u9aa8\u67b6<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">prepareRecipe<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">boilWater<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">brew<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">pourInCup<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">addCondiments<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">protected<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u716e\u6c34\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u996e\u54c1\u5236\u4f5c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">boilWater<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">\\&#8221;Boiling water\\&#8221;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5177\u4f53\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5012\u5165\u676f\u5b50\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u996e\u54c1\u5236\u4f5c\u90fd\u76f8\u540c<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">pourInCup<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">\\&#8221;Pouring into cup\\&#8221;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u51b2\u6ce1\uff0c\u7531\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">virtual<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">brew<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u62bd\u8c61\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u8c03\u6599\uff0c\u7531\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b9e\u73b0<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">virtual<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">addCondiments<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">=<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5177\u4f53\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u5496\u5561<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Coffee<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token base-clause\"><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Beverage<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">protected<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">brew<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> override <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">\\&#8221;Brewing coffee grounds\\&#8221;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">addCondiments<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> override <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n        std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>cout <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">\\&#8221;Adding sugar and milk\\&#8221;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span> std<span class=\"token operator\">::<\/span>endl<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5177\u4f53\u5b50\u7c7b\uff0c\u8336<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Tea<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token base-clause\"><span class=\"token keyword\">public<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">Beverage<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<br \/>\n   <\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">protected<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb984\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e9\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf28\u6b21\u3002\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Template Method Pattern\uff09\u5c5e\u4e8e\u884c\u4e3a\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u62bd\u8c61\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5230\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b50\u7c7b\u5728\u4e0d\u6539\u53d8\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7ee7\u627f\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u548c\u884c\u4e3a\u6269\u5c55\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u548c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002_\u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684c++\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,99,3559],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-39504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-c","tag-java","tag-3559"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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