{"id":38972,"date":"2025-05-21T22:03:31","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T14:03:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38972.html"},"modified":"2025-05-21T22:03:31","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T14:03:31","slug":"prometheus%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e6%95%99%e7%a8%8b%ef%bc%9ak8s%e5%b9%b3%e5%8f%b0-mysql%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e6%a1%88%e4%be%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38972.html","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus\u5b9e\u6218\u6559\u7a0b\uff1ak8s\u5e73\u53f0-Mysql\u76d1\u63a7\u6848\u4f8b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4f18\u5316\u540e\u7684 Prometheus \u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0 MySQL \u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u5b8c\u6574 YAML \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

  • MySQL Exporter \u90e8\u7f72：\u4f7f\u7528 ConfigMap \u63d0\u4f9b MySQL \u8fde\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
  • Prometheus \u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0：\u901a\u8fc7 Kubernetes \u670d\u52a1\u53d1\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u6293\u53d6 MySQL \u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/li>\n
    \n

    1\u3001mysql \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 （mysql-deployment.yaml）<\/h4>\n

    apiVersion: apps\/v1
    \nkind: Deployment
    \nmetadata:
    \n name: mysql
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql
    \nspec:
    \n replicas: 3
    \n selector:
    \n matchLabels:
    \n app: mysql
    \n template:
    \n metadata:
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql
    \n annotations:
    \n prometheus.io\/scrape: "true" # \u5141\u8bb8 Prometheus \u6293\u53d6
    \n prometheus.io\/port: "9104" # MySQL Exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7aef\u53e3
    \n spec:
    \n containers:
    \n – name: mysql
    \n image: harbor.fq.com\/public\/mysql:9.1.0 # \u4f7f\u7528\u5b98\u65b9 MySQL \u955c\u50cf
    \n env:
    \n – name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
    \n value: "password" # \u8bbe\u7f6e MySQL root \u5bc6\u7801
    \n ports:
    \n – containerPort: 3306 # MySQL \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3
    \n—
    \napiVersion: v1
    \nkind: Service
    \nmetadata:
    \n name: mysql-service
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql
    \n annotations:
    \n prometheus.io\/scrape: "true" # \u5141\u8bb8 Prometheus \u6293\u53d6
    \n prometheus.io\/port: "9104" # MySQL Exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7aef\u53e3
    \nspec:
    \n selector:
    \n app: mysql
    \n ports:
    \n – name: mysql
    \n protocol: TCP
    \n port: 3306
    \n targetPort: 3306 <\/p>\n

    cat mysql-statefulset.yaml<\/p>\n

    apiVersion: apps\/v1
    \nkind: StatefulSet
    \nmetadata:
    \n name: mysql
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql
    \nspec:
    \n serviceName: "mysql"
    \n replicas: 1
    \n selector:
    \n matchLabels:
    \n app: mysql
    \n template:
    \n metadata:
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql
    \n annotations:
    \n prometheus.io\/scrape: "true" # \u5141\u8bb8 Prometheus \u6293\u53d6
    \n prometheus.io\/port: "9104" # MySQL Exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7aef\u53e3
    \n spec:
    \n containers:
    \n – name: mysql
    \n image: harbor.fq.com\/public\/mysql:9.1.0 # MySQL \u955c\u50cf
    \n env:
    \n – name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
    \n value: "password" # \u8bbe\u7f6e MySQL root \u5bc6\u7801
    \n ports:
    \n – containerPort: 3306 # MySQL \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3
    \n volumeMounts:
    \n – name: mysql-data
    \n mountPath: \/var\/lib\/mysql # MySQL \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u8def\u5f84
    \n volumes:
    \n – name: mysql-data
    \n emptyDir: {} # \u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55，\u4e0d\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

    —
    \napiVersion: v1
    \nkind: Service
    \nmetadata:
    \n name: mysql-service
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql
    \n annotations:
    \n prometheus.io\/scrape: "true" # \u5141\u8bb8 Prometheus \u6293\u53d6
    \n prometheus.io\/port: "9104" # MySQL Exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7aef\u53e3
    \nspec:
    \n selector:
    \n app: mysql
    \n ports:
    \n – name: mysql
    \n protocol: TCP
    \n port: 3306
    \n targetPort: 3306
    \n type: ClusterIP # \u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1 <\/p>\n

    2\u3001\u767b\u5f55mysql，\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u2018mysql_exporter\u2019\u7528\u6237<\/h4>\n

    2.1\u3001\u67e5\u770bmysql\u5bb9\u5668\u540d\u79f0，\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u5bb9\u5668\u5185<\/p>\n

    [root@k8s-master01 example]# kubectl get pod
    \nNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
    \nkuard-d574f5b78-r2l77 1\/1 Running 0 278d
    \nmysql-0 1\/1 Running 0 6s<\/p>\n

    [root@k8s-master01 example]# kubectl exec -it mysql-0 — bash
    \nbash-5.1# <\/p>\n

    2.2\u3001\u786e\u4fdd mysql_exporter \u7528\u6237\u5b58\u5728**<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528 MySQL root \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u5e76\u68c0\u67e5 mysql_exporter \u7528\u6237：<\/p>\n

    SELECT user, host FROM mysql.user WHERE user = 'mysql_exporter'; <\/p>\n

    2.3\u3001\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u8be5\u7528\u6237，\u5219\u521b\u5efa：<\/p>\n

    CREATE USER 'mysql_exporter'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'your_password';
    \nGRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'mysql_exporter'@'%';
    \nFLUSH PRIVILEGES; <\/p>\n

    \u5b9e\u64cd：<\/p>\n

    CREATE USER 'mysql_exporter'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql123!';
    \nGRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'mysql_exporter'@'%';
    \nFLUSH PRIVILEGES; <\/p>\n

    ![[IMG-5\u3001k8s\u5e73\u53f0：mysql \u76d1\u63a7\u6848\u4f8b-20250318102405307.png]]<\/p>\n

    mysql> SELECT user, host FROM mysql.user WHERE user = 'mysql_exporter';
    \nEmpty set (0.00 sec)<\/p>\n

    mysql> CREATE USER 'mysql_exporter'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'mysql123!';
    \nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)<\/p>\n

    mysql> GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'mysql_exporter'@'%';
    \nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)<\/p>\n

    mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    \nQuery OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)<\/p>\n

    mysql> SELECT user, host FROM mysql.user WHERE user = 'mysql_exporter';
    \n+—————-+——+
    \n| user | host |
    \n+—————-+——+
    \n| mysql_exporter | % |
    \n+—————-+——+
    \n1 row in set (0.00 sec)<\/p>\n

    mysql> <\/p>\n

    \u26a0 \u6ce8\u610f：\u786e\u4fdd your_password \u4e0e mysqld-exporter \u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n

    4. MySQL Exporter \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 (mysql-exporter-config.yaml)<\/h4>\n

    apiVersion: v1
    \nkind: ConfigMap
    \nmetadata:
    \n name: mysql-exporter-config
    \ndata:
    \n .my.cnf: |-
    \n [client]
    \n user = mysql_exporter
    \n password = mysql123!<\/p>\n

    [client.servers]
    \n user = mysql_exporter
    \n password = mysql123! <\/p>\n

    5. MySQL Exporter \u90e8\u7f72\u6587\u4ef6 (mysql-exporter-deployment.yaml)<\/h4>\n

    apiVersion: apps\/v1
    \nkind: Deployment
    \nmetadata:
    \n name: mysql-exporter
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql-exporter
    \nspec:
    \n replicas: 1
    \n selector:
    \n matchLabels:
    \n app: mysql-exporter
    \n template:
    \n metadata:
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql-exporter
    \n annotations:
    \n prometheus.io\/scrape: "true" # \u5141\u8bb8 Prometheus \u6293\u53d6
    \n prometheus.io\/port: "9104" # MySQL Exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7aef\u53e3
    \n spec:
    \n volumes:
    \n – name: mysql-exporter-config
    \n configMap:
    \n name: mysql-exporter-config
    \n items:
    \n – key: .my.cnf
    \n path: .my.cnf
    \n containers:
    \n – name: mysql-exporter
    \n image: harbor.fq.com\/prometheus\/mysql-exporter:v0.16.0
    \n command:
    \n – mysqld_exporter
    \n – –config.my-cnf=\/etc\/mysql-exporter\/.my.cnf # \u6307\u5b9a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84
    \n securityContext:
    \n runAsUser: 0 # \u4ee5 root \u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c
    \n ports:
    \n – containerPort: 9104 # MySQL Exporter \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3
    \n volumeMounts:
    \n – name: mysql-exporter-config
    \n mountPath: \/etc\/mysql-exporter\/.my.cnf
    \n subPath: .my.cnf
    \n—
    \napiVersion: v1
    \nkind: Service
    \nmetadata:
    \n name: mysql-exporter-service
    \n labels:
    \n app: mysql-exporter
    \n annotations:
    \n prometheus.io\/scrape: "true" # \u5141\u8bb8 Prometheus \u6293\u53d6
    \n prometheus.io\/port: "9104" # MySQL Exporter \u66b4\u9732\u7684\u7aef\u53e3
    \nspec:
    \n selector:
    \n app: mysql-exporter
    \n ports:
    \n – protocol: TCP
    \n port: 9104
    \n targetPort: 9104
    \n type: ClusterIP <\/p>\n

    \n

    6. Prometheus \u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\u914d\u7f6e (prometheus.yml)<\/h4>\n

    scrape_configs:
    \n – job_name: 'mysql'
    \n kubernetes_sd_configs:
    \n – role: endpoints # \u4ece Kubernetes Endpoints \u53d1\u73b0\u670d\u52a1
    \n relabel_configs:
    \n # \u53ea\u6293\u53d6\u5e26\u6709 `prometheus.io\/scrape: "true"` \u6ce8\u89e3\u7684\u670d\u52a1
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]
    \n action: keep
    \n regex: true<\/p>\n

    # \u66ff\u6362\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u7684 IP \u548c\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3（9104）
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_endpoint_address_target_kind, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_address_target_name]
    \n action: keep
    \n regex: Pod;(.*mysql-exporter.*) # \u4ec5\u6293\u53d6\u540d\u79f0\u5305\u542b "mysql-exporter" \u7684 Pod
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_ip]
    \n action: replace
    \n target_label: __address__
    \n replacement: $1:9104 # \u6307\u5b9a MySQL Exporter \u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e3a 9104<\/p>\n

    # \u6dfb\u52a0 Kubernetes \u670d\u52a1\u7684 app \u6807\u7b7e
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_label_app]
    \n action: replace
    \n target_label: app<\/p>\n

    # \u6dfb\u52a0 Kubernetes \u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u6807\u7b7e
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]
    \n action: replace
    \n target_label: namespace<\/p>\n

    # \u6dfb\u52a0 Kubernetes \u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\u6807\u7b7e
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]
    \n action: replace
    \n target_label: service<\/p>\n

    # \u6dfb\u52a0 Kubernetes Pod \u540d\u79f0\u6807\u7b7e
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]
    \n action: replace
    \n target_label: pod<\/p>\n

    # \u6dfb\u52a0 Kubernetes \u8282\u70b9\u540d\u79f0\u6807\u7b7e
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_node_name]
    \n action: replace
    \n target_label: node<\/p>\n

    # \u6dfb\u52a0\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6807\u7b7e（\u7528\u4e8e\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 MySQL \u5b9e\u4f8b）
    \n – source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_ip]
    \n action: replace
    \n target_label: instance <\/p>\n

    \n

    7. \u90e8\u7f72\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h4>\n
  • \n

    \u521b\u5efa ConfigMap：<\/p>\n

    kubectl apply -f mysql-exporter-config.yaml <\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u90e8\u7f72 MySQL Exporter：<\/p>\n

    kubectl apply -f mysql-exporter-deployment.yaml <\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u66f4\u65b0 Prometheus \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6（prometheus.yml），\u6dfb\u52a0 MySQL \u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u53d1\u73b0\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u91cd\u542f Prometheus \u4ee5\u52a0\u8f7d\u65b0\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \n

    8. \u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h4>\n
  • \n

    \u68c0\u67e5 mysql-exporter \u5bb9\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7：<\/p>\n

    kubectl logs <mysql-exporter-pod-name> -c mysql-exporter <\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n

      \u68c0\u67e5 Pod \u72b6\u6001：<\/p>\n

      kubectl get pods <\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u786e\u4fdd mysql-exporter \u5bb9\u5668\u5904\u4e8e Running \u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • \n

        \u8bbf\u95ee Prometheus Web UI（http:\/\/<prometheus-server>:9090），\u67e5\u770b Targets \u9875\u9762，\u786e\u8ba4 MySQL \u76ee\u6807\u5df2\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u3002 ![[IMG-5\u3001k8s\u5e73\u53f0：mysql \u76d1\u63a7\u6848\u4f8b-20250317170341907.png]]<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        \n

        9. \u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5efa\u8bae<\/h4>\n
          \n
        • \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027：\u90e8\u7f72\u591a\u4e2a MySQL Exporter \u5b9e\u4f8b，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 Kubernetes \u7684 HorizontalPodAutoscaler \u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u76d1\u63a7\u544a\u8b66：\u8bbe\u7f6e MySQL \u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u7684\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219（\u5982\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u3001\u6162\u67e5\u8be2\u7b49）\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236：\u4e3a MySQL Exporter \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236（CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58）\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406：\u6536\u96c6 MySQL Exporter \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7，\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6392\u67e5\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \n

          10. \u793a\u4f8b\u544a\u8b66\u89c4\u5219 (mysql-alerts.yml)<\/h4>\n

          groups:
          \n – name: mysql_alerts
          \n rules:
          \n – alert: MySQLDown
          \n expr: mysql_up == 0
          \n for: 1m
          \n labels:
          \n severity: critical
          \n annotations:
          \n summary: "MySQL is down"
          \n description: "MySQL instance {{ $labels.instance }} is down."<\/p>\n

          – alert: HighMySQLConnections
          \n expr: mysql_global_status_connections > 1000
          \n for: 5m
          \n labels:
          \n severity: warning
          \n annotations:
          \n summary: "High number of MySQL connections"
          \n description: "MySQL instance {{ $labels.instance }} has more than 1000 connections."<\/p>\n

          – alert: HighMySQLSlowQueries
          \n expr: mysql_global_status_slow_queries > 10
          \n for: 5m
          \n labels:
          \n severity: warning
          \n annotations:
          \n summary: "High number of slow queries on MySQL"
          \n description: "MySQL instance {{ $labels.instance }} has more than 10 slow queries." <\/p>\n

          <\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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