{"id":38521,"date":"2025-05-20T16:33:25","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T08:33:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38521.html"},"modified":"2025-05-20T16:33:25","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T08:33:25","slug":"%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0-epoll%e5%9b%9b%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38521.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7f51\u7edc\u5b66\u4e60-epoll(\u56db\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528epoll&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<h3>1\u3001poll\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u5bf9select\u7684\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u9650\u5236\u7684\u95ee\u9898&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u672c\u8d28\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6e\u8be2\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>2\u3001poll\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u591a\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5c06\u5927\u91cf\u7684pollfd\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001&#xff0c;\u5f00\u9500\u8f83\u5927\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>3\u3001epoll\u5219\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8eselect\u548cpoll&#xff0c;\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u591a\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aeffd\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5728\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u7eea\u5217\u8868&#xff0c;\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2afd\u5c31\u7eea\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5c06\u8be5fd\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u7eea\u5217\u8868\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7136\u540eepoll_wait\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u7eea\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u53bb\u67e5\u627e\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u5373\u53ef&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/h3>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001epoll\u673a\u5236<\/h2>\n<h3>1\u3001\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5feb\u9012\u5458&#xff0c;\u83dc\u9e1f\u9a7f\u7ad9&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb&#xff1b;\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u9012\u5458&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u83dc\u9e1f\u9a7f\u7ad9\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u603b\u96c6\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>2\u3001\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u9700\u8981\u53d6\u5305\u88f9\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u83dc\u9e1f\u9a7f\u7ad9\u8fdb\u884c\u53d6\u5305\u88f9&#xff1b;\u9700\u8981\u90ae\u5bc4\u5305\u88f9\u65f6&#xff0c;\u540c\u6837\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5305\u88f9\u653e\u5230\u83dc\u9e1f\u9a7f\u7ad9\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>3\u3001\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u9001\u5feb\u9012\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9700\u628a\u5feb\u9012\u653e\u5728\u83dc\u9e1f\u9a7f\u7ad9\u5c31\u884c&#xff0c;\u5f53\u6709\u5305\u88f9\u9700\u8981\u90ae\u5bc4\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u83dc\u9e1f\u9a7f\u7ad9\u53d6\u51fa\u5305\u88f9\u3002\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684\u53bb\u8be2\u95ee\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/h3>\n<h2>\u4e09\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u64cd<\/h2>\n<h3>1\u3001\u521b\u5efaepoll\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/h3>\n<p>int epfd &#061; epoll_create(1024); \/\/\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aepoll\u5b9e\u4f8b&#xff0c;\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u76d1\u542c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u6570\u91cf<br \/>\nstruct epoll_event ev;<br \/>\nev.events &#061; EPOLLIN; \/\/\u76d1\u542c\u53ef\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6<br \/>\nev.data.fd &#061; socketfd; \/\/\u76d1\u542c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/p>\n<h3>2\u3001\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u603b\u96c6\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u589e\u52a0\u7528\u6237&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237&#xff0c;\u4fee\u6539\u7528\u6237<\/h3>\n<p>epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, socketfd, &amp;ev); \/\/\u5c06\u76d1\u542c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u52a0\u5165\u5230epoll\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d<\/p>\n<h3>3\u3001\u544a\u77e5\u5feb\u9012\u5458\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u53bb\u83dc\u9e1f\u9a7f\u7ad9<\/h3>\n<p>while (true){<br \/>\n    struct epoll_event events[1024]&#061;{0};<br \/>\n    int nready &#061; epoll_wait(epfd, events, 1024, -1); \/\/\u7b49\u5f85IO\u5c31\u7eea<br \/>\n    cout&lt;&lt;&#034;nready:&#034;&lt;&lt;nready&lt;&lt;endl;<br \/>\n    if(nready &lt; 0){                \/\/\u51fa\u9519\u5904\u7406<br \/>\n        cout &lt;&lt; &#034;select error:&#034; &lt;&lt; strerror(errno) &lt;&lt; endl;<br \/>\n        continue;<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n    \/\/accept\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u6b64\u5904\u7701\u7565<br \/>\n    \/\/recv\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u6b64\u5904\u7701\u7565<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<h3>4\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5305\u88f9<\/h3>\n<p>for(int i &#061; 0; i &lt; nready; i&#043;&#043;){<br \/>\n    if(events[i].data.fd &#061;&#061; socketfd){       \/\/\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u76d1\u542c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26&#xff0c;\u662f\u90a3\u5c31\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u636e&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;&#061;accept<br \/>\n        int clientfd &#061; accept(socketfd, (struct sockaddr *)&amp;clientaddr, &amp;len);<br \/>\n        cout&lt;&lt;&#034;clientfd:&#034;&lt;&lt;clientfd&lt;&lt;endl;       \/\/\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/p>\n<p>        ev.events &#061; EPOLLIN | EPOLLERR;    \/\/\u76d1\u542c\u53ef\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u4e8b\u4ef6<br \/>\n        ev.data.fd &#061; clientfd;<br \/>\n        epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, clientfd, &amp;ev);  \/\/\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u52a0\u5165\u5230epoll\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d<br \/>\n    }else if(events[i].events &amp; EPOLLIN){           \/\/\u5224\u65adIO\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u8bfb<br \/>\n        cout&lt;&lt;&#034;i:&#034;&lt;&lt;events[i].data.fd&lt;&lt;endl;<br \/>\n        char buffer[1024] &#061; {0};<br \/>\n        int count &#061; recv(events[i].data.fd, buffer, 1024, 0);<br \/>\n        if(count &#061;&#061; 0){<br \/>\n            cout&lt;&lt;&#034;client close&#034;&lt;&lt;endl;<br \/>\n            close(events[i].data.fd);      \/\/\u5173\u95ed\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u63cf\u8ff0<br \/>\n            epoll_ctl(epfd, EPOLL_CTL_DEL, events[i].data.fd, NULL); \/\/\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4eceepoll\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5220\u9664<br \/>\n            continue;<br \/>\n        }<br \/>\n        cout &lt;&lt; &#034;buffer:&#034; &lt;&lt; buffer &lt;&lt; endl;<\/p>\n<p>        \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u4fe1\u606f<br \/>\n        count &#061; send(events[i].data.fd, buffer, count, 0);<br \/>\n    }<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250520083324-682c3e5428c7e.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>5\u3001\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>epoll\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>struct epoll_event{<br \/>\n    uint32_t events;    \/\/ \u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b<br \/>\n    epoll_data_t data;  \/\/ \u7528\u6237\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u662ffd\u6216\u8005\u6307\u9488<br \/>\n}<\/p>\n<p>int epoll_create(int size);<br \/>\n\/*<br \/>\nsize: \u544a\u8bc9\u5185\u6838\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u6570\u76ee\u4e0a\u9650&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5185\u6838\u5e76\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c,\u53ea\u8981!&#061;0\u5c31\u884c&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u8d28\u662f\u65e0\u6548\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u517c\u5bb9\u8001\u7248\u672c<br \/>\nreturn value: \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2aepoll\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684fd&#xff0c;\u5931\u8d25\u8fd4\u56de-1\u3002<br \/>\n*\/<\/p>\n<p>int epoll_ctl(int epfd, int op, int fd, struct epoll_event *event);<br \/>\n\/*<br \/>\nepfd: epoll\u5b9e\u4f8b<br \/>\nop: \u64cd\u4f5c\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;EPOLL_CTL_ADD&#xff08;\u6dfb\u52a0&#xff09;\u3001EPOLL_CTL_DEL&#xff08;\u5220\u9664&#xff09;\u3001EPOLL_CTL_MOD&#xff08;\u4fee\u6539&#xff09;\u3002<br \/>\nfd: \u8981\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aeffd<br \/>\nevent: \u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982EPOLLIN&#xff08;\u53ef\u8bfb&#xff09;\u3001EPOLLOUT&#xff08;\u53ef\u5199&#xff09;\u7b49\u3002<br \/>\nreturn value: 0\u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f&#xff0c;-1\u8868\u793a\u5931\u8d25\u3002<br \/>\n*\/<\/p>\n<p>int epoll_wait(int epfd, struct epoll_event *events, int maxevents, int timeout);<br \/>\n\/*<br \/>\nepfd: epoll\u5b9e\u4f8b<br \/>\nevents: \u5b58\u653e\u5c31\u7eea\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u7ec4<br \/>\nmaxevents: \u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5927\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8303\u56f4<br \/>\ntimeout: \u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5355\u4f4d\u6beb\u79d2&#xff0c;-1\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85,0\u4ee3\u8868\u8868\u793a\u7acb\u5373\u8fd4\u56de&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4e3a0\u8868\u793a\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<br \/>\nreturn value: \u6210\u529f\u8fd4\u56de\u5c31\u7eea\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u4e2a\u6570&#xff0c;0\u8868\u793a\u8d85\u65f6&#xff0c;-1\u8868\u793a\u51fa\u9519\u3002<br \/>\n * \/<\/p>\n<h2>\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<h3>1\u3001epoll\u5b9e\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5904\u7406IO&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8fc7\u591a\u5173\u6ce8IO\u7684\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u800c\u662f\u5173\u6ce8\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>2\u3001\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8eselect\u548cpoll&#xff0c;epoll\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u96c6&#xff0c;\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c31\u7eea\u96c6\u5408&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u6709100\u4e07\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6574\u96c6&#xff0c;\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5c31\u7eea\u96c6\u5408\u5c311\u4e07&#xff1b;\u5c31\u7eea\u624d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5&#xff0c;\u7740\u4e2d\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5c31\u7eea\u96c6\u5408&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u96c6\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>3\u3001epoll\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8fb9\u7f18\u89e6\u53d1&#xff08;ET&#xff09;\u548c\u6c34\u5e73\u89e6\u53d1&#xff08;LT&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fb9\u7f18\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u901a\u77e5\u4e00\u6b21&#xff0c;\u800c\u6c34\u5e73\u89e6\u53d1\u5219\u662f\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u901a\u77e5&#xff0c;select\u548cpoll\u5219\u662f\u6c34\u5e73\u89e6\u53d1\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>4\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7epoll\u5b9e\u73b0Reactor\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u6ce8\u518c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/h3>\n<h3>5\u3001epoll\u7684\u5b58\u5728&#xff0c;\u662f\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91c7\u7528Linux\u505a\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/h3>\n<h2>\u4e94\u3001\u62d3\u5c55\u95ee\u9898<\/h2>\n<h2>1\u3001select,poll,epoll\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<p>select: \u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u652f\u6301poll\/epoll\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u7528select\u3002 poll: \u5f53IO\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u5c11\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528poll\u3002 epoll: \u5f53IO\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u591a\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528epoll\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>2\u3001\u6574\u96c6\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<p>\u6574\u96c6\u7528\u7684\u662f\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>3\u3001\u5c31\u7eea\u96c6\u5408\u7528\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<p>\u5c31\u7eea\u96c6\u5408\u7528\u7684\u662f\u94fe\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>4\u3001\u8fb9\u7f18\u89e6\u53d1\u548c\u6c34\u5e73\u89e6\u53d1\u7684\u533a\u522b&#xff1f;<\/h2>\n<p>\u8fb9\u7f18\u89e6\u53d1&#xff1a;\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u901a\u77e5\u4e00\u6b21&#xff1b; 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