{"id":38435,"date":"2025-05-20T13:02:32","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T05:02:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38435.html"},"modified":"2025-05-20T13:02:32","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T05:02:32","slug":"linux%e4%ba%91%e8%ae%a1%e7%ae%97%e8%ae%ad%e7%bb%83%e8%90%a5%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0day11%ef%bc%88linux-centos7%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38435.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bad\u7ec3\u8425\u7b14\u8bb0day11\uff08Linux CentOS7\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Linux\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97<\/p>\n<p>\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6309\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6a21\u5f0f<\/p>\n<p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684&#xff0c;\u90e8\u7f72\u4e0a\u7ebf\u9879\u76ee \u4e70\u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u4e00\u53f024\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e0d\u5173\u673a\u7684\u7535\u8111&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1) 20\u4e07 \u4e70\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n<p>Linux(\u547d\u4ee4) windows(\u56fe\u5f62\u5316)<\/p>\n<p>\u5c31\u4e1a\u5c97\u4f4d: \u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08 linux\u8fd0\u7ef4\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08 DBA\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08 \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4 (GO Python)<\/p>\n<p>linux\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n<p>\u5b66\u4e60Linux 1)Vmware 2)Linux\u955c\u50cf(CentOS7.9.iso)<\/p>\n<p>\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 \u7ba1\u7406\u5458: \u7528\u6237\u540d root \u5bc6\u7801 a \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237: \u7528\u6237\u540d zhangsan \u5bc6\u7801 a<\/p>\n<p>Red Hat Enterprise Linux Ubuntu Kali Linux CentOS Rocky Linux<\/p>\n<p>Deepin<\/p>\n<p>\u653e\u5927 ctrl shift &#043; \u7f29\u5c0f ctrl &#8211;<\/p>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63d0\u793a\u7b26 [root&#064;localhost ~]# ~ &#061; \u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55 \/root \u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d&#064;\u4e3b\u673a\u540d \u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55 \u4ee5#\u7ed3\u5c3e\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u4e3aroot \u4ee5$\u7ed3\u5c3e\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u662f\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n<p>[zhangsan&#064;localhost ~]$<\/p>\n<p>linux\u547d\u4ee4 ls \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 ls \/root \u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9 pwd \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e cd \u5207\u6362\u76ee\u5f55 cd \/home cat \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9,\u9002\u5408\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 cat \/etc\/passwd less \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u9002\u5408\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5bb9\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6 less \/etc\/passwd \u6309\u4e0a\u4e0b\u952e\u8fdb\u884c\u6eda\u52a8&#xff0c; \u6309\u7a7a\u683c\u5207\u6362\u4e0b\u4e00\u9875 \u6309q\u8fdb\u884c\u9000\u51fa head -n \u6587\u4ef6 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524dn\u884c head -3 \/etc\/passwd tail -n \u6587\u4ef6 \u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540en\u884c tail -2 \/etc\/passwd mkdir \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 mkdir \/root\/gongli touch \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6 touch \/root\/a.txt \u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84: \u4ee5 \/ \u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8def\u5f84 cat \/etc\/passwd cd \/home\/zhangsan \u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84: \u4ee5\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u53c2\u7167 clear \u6e05\u5c4f (ctrl &#043; l)<\/p>\n<p>lscpu  \u67e5\u770bCPU\u4fe1\u606f ifconfig \u67e5\u770bIP\u5730\u5740 192.168.160.133 lsblk  \u67e5\u770b\u786c\u76d8<\/p>\n<p>hostname \u67e5\u770b\u4e3b\u673a\u540d hostname lol.qq.com \u4e34\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d \u65b0\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u7684\u53d8\u5316 hostnamectl set-hostname server.tmooc.cn \u6c38\u4e45\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d \u65b0\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3&#xff0c;\u67e5\u770b\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u7684\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n<p>grep \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u8f93\u51fa\u5305\u542b\u6307\u5b9a\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u884c grep root \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n<p>vim \u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668 vim\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u521b\u5efa vim\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u6253\u5f00 vim\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f: \u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f \u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f \u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f vim nsd.txt \u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f &#061;&gt; \u6309i &#061;&gt;\u63d2\u5165\u6a21\u5f0f &#061;&gt; \u6309ESC (\u547d\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f) &#061;&gt; \u6309:wq (\u672b\u884c\u6a21\u5f0f) \u4fdd\u5b58\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n<p>\u5220\u9664 rm rm nsd.txt &#061;&gt;\u8be2\u95ee\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664 \u6309y\u5220\u9664(n\u4e0d\u5220\u9664)<\/p>\n<p>ctrl &#043; l \u6e05\u5c4f<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u542f reboot \u5173\u673a poweroff \u5feb\u7167 ,\u8fd8\u539f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6&#xff0c;\u90fd\u8981\u627e\u5230\u547d\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token function\">which<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mkdir<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\/usr\/bin\/mkdir tedu \u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>Tab\u952e\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168 \u53ef\u8865\u9f50\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u8f6f\u4ef6\u540d&#xff0c;\u670d\u52a1\u540d<\/p>\n<p>cat \/etc\/re(tab)(tab) cat \/etc\/red(tab)<\/p>\n<p>mount\u6302\u8f7d \u5149\u76d8\u5185\u5bb9\u83b7\u5f97\u4f17\u591a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305 1.\u5c06\u5149\u76d8\u955c\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u653e\u5165\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u5149\u9a71\u8bbe\u5907 2.\u6302\u8f7d\u64cd\u4f5c: \u8ba9\u76ee\u5f55\u6210\u4e3a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u70b9(\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9) mkdir \/gongli mount \/dev\/sr0 \/gongli ls \/gongli<\/p>\n<p>umount \u5378\u8f7d umount \/gongli \u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879: \u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907 \u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55 \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55 \u6302\u8f7d\u591a\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907<\/p>\n<p>~ \u8868\u793a\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55 \u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55: \u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u76ee\u5f55 \/root: \u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55 \/home: \u5b58\u653e\u6240\u6709\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd<\/span> ~root <span class=\"token comment\">#\u8fdb\u5165root\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd<\/span> ~zhangsan <span class=\"token comment\">#\u8fdb\u5165\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f \u547d\u4ee4 \u9009\u9879 \u53c2\u6570 cat -n \/etc\/passwd<\/p>\n<p>ls -l \/etc\/psaswd \u957f\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a&#xff08;\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f&#xff09; ls -lh \/boot \u4ee5 K\/M\/G \u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f&#xff08;\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u683c\u5f0f&#xff09; ls -a \/root \u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u5305\u62ec\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5373\u4ee5 . \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09; ls -R \/root \u9012\u5f52\u663e\u793a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>mkdir -p a\/b\/c\/d \u8fde\u540c\u7236\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u8d77\u521b\u5efa<\/p>\n<p>rm -rf a \u5f3a\u5236\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u914d\u7b26\u4f7f\u7528&#xff0c;\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6587\u6863\u540d\u79f0&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u8868\u793a : \u4efb\u610f\u591a\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26 0-n ls \/etc\/*.conf ls \/boot\/vm ls \/etc\/*tab ?: \u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26 \u81f3\u5c11\u67091\u4e2a ls \/etc\/??tab ls \/dev\/tty? ls \/dev\/tty?? [a-z]: \u8fde\u7eed\u8303\u56f4\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a([]\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u7c7b\u901a\u914d\u7b26&#xff0c;\u5339\u914d\u62ec\u53f7\u5185\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5355\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26) ls \/dev\/tty[3-9] {a,min,xy}: \u591a\u7ec4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u5168\u5339\u914d ls \/dev\/tty{1,17,20}<\/p>\n<p>\u7ec3\u4e60: 1.\u67e5\u770b\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u524d6\u884c head -6 \/etc\/passwd 2.\u4f7f\u7528grep\u547d\u4ee4\u663e\u793a\/etc\/passwd\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u5305\u542bzhangsan\u7684\u884c grep zhangsan \/etc\/passwd 3.\u4e34\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d gongli.tedu.cn hostname gongli.tedu.cn 4.\u67e5\u770b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684ip\u5730\u5740 ifconfig 5.\u5728\/root\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e09\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55 student file nsd mkdir student file nsd 6.\u5728\/root\/student\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e09\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6 a.txt b.txt c.txt cd \/root\/student touch a.txt b.txt c.txt 7.\u4f7f\u7528vim\u7f16\u8f91\/root\/student\/a.txt,\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5bb9i love Linux vim \/root\/student\/a.txt &#061;&gt;\u6309i &#061;&gt;i love Linux &#061;&gt;\u6309ESC &#061;&gt;\u6309:wq 8.\u4f7f\u7528cat\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6 \/root\/student\/a.txt cat \/root\/student\/a.txt 9.\u5728\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\/CentOS7\/dvd mkdir -p \/CentOS7\/dvd 10.\u628a\u5149\u76d8\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\/CentOS7\/dvd\u4e2d mount \/dev\/sr0 \/CentOS7\/dvd 11.\u67e5\u770b\/CentOS7\/dvd\/Packages\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u4ee5vsftpd\u5f00\u5934\u6570\u636e ls \/CentOS7\/dvd\/Packages\/vsftpd*<\/p>\n<p>\u522b\u540d: \u7b80\u5316\u590d\u6742\u7684\u547d\u4ee4 \u5b9a\u4e49\u522b\u540d:<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token builtin class-name\">alias<\/span> \u522b\u540d\u540d\u79f0<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4&#039;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>alias h&#061;\u2018hostname\u2019 alias m&#061;\u2018mkdir\u2019 \u67e5\u770b\u6307\u5b9a\u522b\u540d:<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">alias<\/span>  \u522b\u540d\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u522b\u540d:<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">alias<\/span>  <\/p>\n<p>\u53d6\u6d88\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u522b\u540d<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">unalias<\/span> \u522b\u540d\u540d\u79f0 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb591\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e19\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf10\u6b21\u3002Linux\u4e91\u8ba1\u7b97\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6309\u9700\u63d0\u4f9b\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u9879\u76ee\u90e8\u7f72\u3002Linux\u4f5c\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58,97,305,3369,44],"topic":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-38435","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"hentry","6":"category-server","7":"tag-linux","8":"tag-97","9":"tag-305","11":"tag-44"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - 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