{"id":38128,"date":"2025-05-19T14:14:17","date_gmt":"2025-05-19T06:14:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38128.html"},"modified":"2025-05-19T14:14:17","modified_gmt":"2025-05-19T06:14:17","slug":"python%e7%88%ac%e8%99%ab%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%e8%ae%ad%e7%bb%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/38128.html","title":{"rendered":"python\u722c\u866b\u5b9e\u6218\u8bad\u7ec3"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u524d\u8a00：\u54c7，\u4eca\u5929\u7ec8\u4e8e\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u8c46\u74e3\u4e86，\u524d\u51e0\u5929\u722c\u592a\u591a\u6b21\u4e86，\u7f51\u9875\u90fd\u4e0d\u8ba9\u6211\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86（\u8981\u767b\u5f55）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5148\u6765\u4e2a\u5c0f\u7ec3\u4e60\u8bd5\u8bd5\u624b\u5427！<\/h2>\n

\u722c\u53d6\u8c46\u74e3\u7b2c\u4e00\u9875（\u591a\u9875\u540c\u4e0a\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0）\u6240\u6709\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u6392\u540d\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u661f\u7ea7\u548c\u8bc4\u5206，\u5e76\u7528Excel\u5b58\u50a8<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u5740\u662f：\u8c46\u74e3\u7535\u5f71 Top 250\u00a0 \u5927\u5bb6\u5148\u81ea\u5df1\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5427，\u8fd8\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684，\u6211\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u653e\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86<\/p>\n

import requests
\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup
\nimport pandas as pd
\nheaders={"User-Agent": "Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/58.0.3029.110 Safari\/537.3"}
\nr=requests.get("https:\/\/movie.douban.com\/top250",headers=headers)
\nif r.status_code!=200:
\n raise Exception("error")
\nsoup=BeautifulSoup(r.text,"html.parser")
\ndatas=[['\u6392\u540d','\u7535\u5f71\u540d\u79f0','\u661f\u7ea7','\u8bc4\u5206']]
\narticles=soup.find_all('div',class_='item')
\nfor article in articles:
\n rank=article.find('em').get_text()
\n title=article.find('span',class_='title').get_text() #\u661f\u7ea7\u5728class\u5c5e\u6027\u91cc,get('class')\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u5217\u8868,\u56e0\u4e3aHTML\u7684class\u5c5e\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u7c7b\u540d,\u56e0\u6b64BeautifulSoup\u5c06\u5176\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868
\n star=article.find('div',class_='bd').find('span').get('class')[0].replace('rating','').replace('-t','') #string\u7684replace\u65b9\u6cd5,\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u6570\u5b57
\n score=article.find('span',class_='rating_num').get_text()
\n datas.append([rank,title,star,score])
\ndf=pd.DataFrame(datas)
\ndf.to_excel('doubanTop25.xlsx')<\/p>\n

easy\u5427，\u4e0d\u8fc7，\u503c\u5f97\u63d0\u4e00\u4e0b\u7684\u662f，\u7f51\u9875\u5e26\u5c0f\u6570\u661f\u7ea7\u7684\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e，4.5\u661f\u7ea7\u4e3a45<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230star\u4e0escore\u90fd\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2adiv\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0b，\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee3\u66ff<\/p>\n

data=article.find('div',class_='bd').find('div').find_all('span')
\nstar,score=data[0]['class'][0],data[1].get_text() #\u8fd9\u6837star\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26 <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u722c\u53d6\u52a8\u6001\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u7f51\u9875<\/h2>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u8bd5\u7740\u722c\u53d6\u676d\u5dde\u4eca\u5e745\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u5929\u6c14\u6570\u636e（\u6700\u8fd1\u90fd\u662f\u4e0b\u96e8，\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u54e6，\u5c0f\u5c0f\u7684\u6bdb\u6bdb\u7ec6\u96e8\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd8\u597d，\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u66b4\u96e8\u771f\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf）<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u9009\u62e9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6708\u4efd，\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u7f51\u9875\u7684url\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8，\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7f51\u9875，\u5b83\u662f\u540e\u53f0\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u7f51\u9875，\u6211\u4eec\u8868\u9762\u4e0d\u80fd\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u7684，\u90a3\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u6293\u5305\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u53f3\u952e，\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u68c0\u67e5\u201d，\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u7f51\u7edc\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u9875\u9762\u201d，\u90a3\u4f1a\u52a0\u8f7d\u5927\u91cf\u9875\u9762\u5f39\u51fa\u6765\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u4efd\u4fe1\u606f，\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\u53f0\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u201cGetHistoty\u2026\u2026\u201d（\u6216\u8005\u70b9\u51fbFecth\/XHR\u8fd9\u662f\u53d1\u9001\u5f02\u6b65\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u610f\u601d，\u91cc\u9762\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6293\u7684\u5305）<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u8bf7\u6c42\u201d\u8fdb\u53bb\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u201c\u8bf7\u6c42URL\u201d\u4e0e\u7f51\u9875\u4e0a\u65b9\u7684url\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c31\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684，\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e3a\u201cGET\u201d\u3002\u590d\u5236URL\u201c？\u201d\u524d\u9762\u7684\u90e8\u5206（\u540e\u9762\u662f\u53c2\u6570\u90e8\u5206，\u90fd\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u91cc）\u4e3aurl<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u590d\u5236\u201c\u8bf7\u6c42\u6807\u5934\u201d\u91cc\u7684User-Agent，\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3aheaders\u7528\u4e8e\u53cd\u722c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u53cd\u722c\u505a\u7684\u6709\u70b9\u597d\u554a，\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6eheaders\u7684Referer\u5c5e\u6027 ，\u4e5f\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u6807\u5934\u91cc\u9762，\u590d\u5236\u4e0b\u6765<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u201d，\u524d\u4e24\u9879\u662f\u676d\u5dde\u5730\u533a\u6709\u5173\u7684\u7f16\u7801，\u90fd\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d8\u7684，\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u9879\u5c31\u662f\u67e5\u8be2\u7684year\u4e0emonth\u3002\u590d\u5236\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u53c2\u6570（\u8bbe\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b）<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u54cd\u5e94\u201d，\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7684<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u662fjson\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e（JSON （JavaScript Object Notation）\u6570\u636e\u7531\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7ec4\u6210，\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u5b57\u5178，\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u683c\u5f0f）\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u70b9\u51fb\u201c\u9884\u89c8\u201d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u5c55\u793a，\u5c06\u9f20\u6807\u79fb\u5230data\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230html\u7684\u6570\u636e（\u622a\u56fe\u6ca1\u6cd5\u5c55\u793a，\u81ea\u884c\u770b），\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e2a<table>\u6807\u7b7e\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u201c\u54cd\u5e94\u201d\u91cc\u4e5f\u80fd\u770b\u5230，\u4e0d\u8fc7\u201c\u9884\u89c8\u201d\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u66f4\u597d\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8868\u683c\u6570\u636e\u7528pandas\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u89e3\u6790\u00a0<\/p>\n

import requests
\nimport pandas as pd
\nfrom io import StringIO
\nurl='https:\/\/tianqi.2345.com\/Pc\/GetHistory'
\nheaders={"User-Agent":'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/136.0.0.0 Safari\/537.36 Edg\/136.0.0.0','Referer':'https:\/\/tianqi.2345.com\/wea_history\/58457.htm'}
\nparams={
\n"areaInfo[areaId]":58457,
\n"areaInfo[areaType]":2,
\n"date[year]":2025,
\n"date[month]":4
\n}
\nr=requests.get(url,headers=headers,params=params) #\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u548c\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b
\nif r.status_code!=200:
\n raise Exception('error')
\ndata=r.json()["data"] #r.json()\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u7684JSON\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aPython\u5bf9\u8c61(\u4e00\u822c\u4e3a\u5b57\u5178\/\u5217\u8868),\u6211\u4eec\u53d6\u51fa\u2018data\u2019\u952e\u7684\u503c(\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32)
\ndata=StringIO(data) #\u4f7f\u7528StringIO\u5bf9\u8c61\u6765\u5305\u88c5HTML\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u89c6\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6
\ndf=pd.read_html(data)[0] #pd.read_html()\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8868\u683c,\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868,\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u662fDataFrame\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784
\nprint(df) <\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u5355\u4e2a\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u5c31\u722c\u53d6\u6210\u529f\u4e86，\u8f93\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u722c\u53d61-5\u6708\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u6839\u636e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u5206\u6790，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u53c2\u6570\u6539\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86<\/p>\n

import requests
\nimport pandas as pd
\nfrom io import StringIO
\nurl='https:\/\/tianqi.2345.com\/Pc\/GetHistory'
\nheaders={"User-Agent":'Mozilla\/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit\/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome\/136.0.0.0 Safari\/537.36 Edg\/136.0.0.0','Referer':'https:\/\/tianqi.2345.com\/wea_history\/58457.htm'}
\ndef craw_weather(month):
\n params={
\n "areaInfo[areaId]":58457,
\n "areaInfo[areaType]":2,
\n "date[year]":2025,
\n "date[month]":month
\n }
\n r=requests.get(url,headers=headers,params=params)
\n if r.status_code!=200:
\n raise Exception('error')
\n data=r.json()["data"]
\n data=StringIO(data)
\n df=pd.read_html(data)[0]
\n return df
\nlst=[] #\u91cc\u9762\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6708\u7684df\u6570\u636e
\nfor n in range(1,6):
\n df=craw_weather(n)
\n lst.append(df)
\ndatas=pd.concat(lst) #pd.concat()\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u591a\u4e2aPandas\u5bf9\u8c61(DataFrame\u6216Series)\u6cbf\u7740\u7279\u5b9a\u8f74\u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765,\u975e\u5e38\u7075\u6d3b,\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u884c\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u5217\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c
\ndatas.to_excel('\u676d\u5dde1-5\u6708\u5929\u6c14\u6570\u636e.xlsx',index=False) #Pandas\u5728\u5c06df\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3aExcel\u65f6,\u4f1a\u5c06df\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u4e00\u5217\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6,\u8bbe\u7f6eindex=False\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u7d22\u5f15\u5217<\/p>\n

\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4e0b，\u6628\u5929\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u6709\u4e86<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u6279\u91cf\u722c\u53d6\u6b63\u672c\u5c0f\u8bf4<\/h2>\n

\u6574\u672c\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7a0d\u5fae\u6709\u70b9\u591a\u4e86，\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u62ff\u756a\u8304\u5c0f\u8bf4\u7684top1\u4e3a\u4f8b\u5427，\u722c\u53d6\u524d10\u7ae0\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u5148\u6279\u91cf\u722c\u53d6\u6bcf\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\u548c\u7ae0\u8282\u540d\u79f0，\u518d\u6839\u636e\u94fe\u63a5\u722c\u53d6\u6b63\u6587，\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u6587\u7ae0\u5199\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53bb<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u9875\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u5341\u65e5\u7ec8\u7109\u5b8c\u6574\u7248\u5728\u7ebf\u514d\u8d39\u9605\u8bfb_\u5341\u65e5\u7ec8\u7109\u5c0f\u8bf4_\u756a\u8304\u5c0f\u8bf4\u5b98\u7f51<\/p>\n

\u76f4\u63a5\u68c0\u7d22\u5143\u7d20\u54c8，\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u8282\u90fd\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684<div>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a<div>\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\"\"\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

import requests
\nfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup
\ndef get_urls():
\n root_url='https:\/\/fanqienovel.com\/page\/7143038691944959011'
\n r=requests.get(root_url)
\n if r.status_code!=200:
\n raise Exception('error')
\n soup=BeautifulSoup(r.text,"html.parser")
\n datas=[]
\n n=0
\n for chapter in soup.find('div',class_='chapter').find_all('a'):
\n if n==10:
\n break
\n datas.append(['https:\/\/fanqienovel.com'+chapter['href'],chapter.get_text()])
\n n+=1
\n return datas
\ndef get_chapter(url):
\n r=requests.get(url)
\n if r.status_code!=200:
\n raise Exception('error')
\n soup=BeautifulSoup(r.text,"html.parser")
\n content=soup.find('div',"muye-reader-content noselect").get_text()
\n return content
\nfor urls in get_urls():
\n url,title=urls
\n with open(f'{title}.txt','w',encoding='utf-8') as ch: #\u5199\u5165\u6587\u4ef6
\n ch.write(get_chapter(url)) <\/p>\n

\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n

\"\"\"\"<\/p>\n

\u6700\u540e\u6587\u7ae0\u5b57\u7b26\u662f\u4e71\u7801，\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u9875\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u4e71\u7801\u7684，\u67e5\u770b<head>\u6807\u7b7e\u91cc\u7684charset，\u7f16\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u2018utf-8\u2019\u6bcf\u9519，\u4e3b\u5305\u4e5f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e86\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u663e\u793a，\u53ef\u80fd\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u663e\u793a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6e32\u67d3\u6216\u8f6c\u6362，\u6211\u4eec\u8bb2\u5230\u540e\u9762\u518d\u6765\u5c1d\u8bd5<\/p>\n

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