![\"menu-r.4af5f7ec.gif\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250517221207-682909b766d12.gif\")
<\/p>\n \u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90，\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6 <\/p>\n
\u7b80\u4ecb：Linux\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f，\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u964d\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u3001\u91c7\u7528epoll\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u9ad8I\/O\u6548\u7387\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4f18\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 ![\"Linux\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\"](\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/20250517221207-682909b770aa1.png\")
<\/p>\n
Linux\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u901a\u8fc7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90，\u4f46\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u6267\u884c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ece\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e0e\u6267\u884c\u5f00\u59cb，\u9010\u6b65\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5b83\u4eec\u4ee5\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6d88\u8017\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90，\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d89\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u652f\u6301，\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u72ec\u7acb\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u5206\u6d3e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4f53，\u5176\u8c03\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6，\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5176\u5206\u914d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u6e90，\u5982\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u96c6\u3001\u6808\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u5ea6，\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002 <\/p>\n
#include <pthread.h>
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h><\/p>\n
void *thread_function(void *arg) {
\n printf("Hello, World from thread %lu!\\\\n", pthread_self());
\n return NULL;
\n}<\/p>\n
int main() {
\n pthread_t thread_id;
\n int res;<\/p>\n
res = pthread_create(&thread_id, NULL, thread_function, NULL);
\n if (res != 0) {
\n perror("Thread creation failed");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n }<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f
\n pthread_join(thread_id, NULL);<\/p>\n
printf("Thread finished execution.\\\\n");
\n exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
\n}<\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u6bd4，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u4e3a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5207\u6362\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u6210\u672c\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u56e0\u6b64\u7ebf\u7a0b\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4，\u4f7f\u5f97\u6570\u636e\u5171\u4eab\u53d8\u5f97\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613；\u800c\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u5219\u9700\u8981\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e76\u5728\u4e3b\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85\u5b83\u5b8c\u6210，\u4ee5\u6b64\u7406\u89e3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u63a2\u7d22\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65，\u4e5f\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u77f3\u3002\u968f\u7740\u672c\u7ae0\u7684\u6df1\u5165，\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u9010\u6e10\u638c\u63e1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u901a\u4fe1\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u6982\u5ff5\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60（Thread Pool）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u5f62\u5f0f，\u5b83\u9884\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u653e\u5165\u6c60\u4e2d，\u5f53\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6，\u65e0\u9700\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6c60\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u5e76\u4e0d\u9500\u6bc1，\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206\u5b9e\u73b0： – \u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217 ：\u5b58\u50a8\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4efb\u52a1，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u6839\u636e\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u91cf\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3002 – \u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b ：\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u5b83\u4eec\u4ece\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u3002 – \u4efb\u52a1\u8c03\u5ea6 ：\u5206\u914d\u4efb\u52a1\u7ed9\u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u907f\u514d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u901a\u5e38\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93（\u5982NPTL），\u4ee5\u53ca\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b，\u6bcf\u6b21\u6709\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u5c31\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9500\u6bc1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u867d\u7136\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u89c2，\u4f46\u5728\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u6bd4，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5177\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f18\u52bf： – \u51cf\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u7684\u5f00\u9500 ：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u9500\u6bc1\u9700\u8981\u6d88\u8017\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u901a\u8fc7\u590d\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u964d\u4f4e\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u5f00\u9500\u3002 – \u63d0\u9ad8\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6 ：\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u5230\u6765\u65f6，\u65e0\u9700\u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa，\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u7a7a\u95f2\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u3002 – \u7b80\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u7ba1\u7406 ：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u7531\u6c60\u63a7\u5236，\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 – \u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u6570 ：\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u6570，\u907f\u514d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6d88\u8017\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u662f\u5b58\u653e\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5bb9\u5668，\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9e\u73b0，\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709\u961f\u5217\u3001\u94fe\u8868\u7b49\u3002\u5de5\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u5b9e\u73b0\u5de5\u4f5c\u961f\u5217\u65f6，\u5e94\u5f53\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762： – \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168 ：\u786e\u4fdd\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b89\u5168\u3002 – \u963b\u585e\u673a\u5236 ：\u652f\u6301\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85，\u5f53\u961f\u5217\u4e3a\u7a7a\u65f6，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e94\u963b\u585e\u76f4\u5230\u6709\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u5230\u6765\u3002 – \u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565 ：\u5408\u7406\u5b89\u6392\u4efb\u52a1\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u7b56\u7565，\u5982\u8f6e\u8be2\u3001\u968f\u673a\u3001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b： <\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u961f\u5217\u5b9e\u73b0，\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002
\n#include <pthread.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h><\/p>\n
typedef struct {
\n \/\/ \u961f\u5217\u5143\u7d20\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488，\u6307\u5411\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1
\n void *(*task)(void *);
\n struct task_queue *next;
\n} task_node_t;<\/p>\n
typedef struct {
\n \/\/ \u961f\u5217\u5934\u6307\u9488
\n task_node_t *front;
\n \/\/ \u961f\u5217\u5c3e\u6307\u9488
\n task_node_t *rear;
\n \/\/ \u4e92\u65a5\u9501，\u7528\u4e8e\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u6b65
\n pthread_mutex_t lock;
\n \/\/ \u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf，\u7528\u4e8e\u963b\u585e\u548c\u5524\u9192\u7ebf\u7a0b
\n pthread_cond_t cond;
\n} task_queue_t;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217
\nvoid init_task_queue(task_queue_t *queue) {
\n queue->front = queue->rear = NULL;
\n pthread_mutex_init(&queue->lock, NULL);
\n pthread_cond_init(&queue->cond, NULL);
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5176\u4ed6\u961f\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u51fd\u6570，\u5982\u5165\u961f\u3001\u51fa\u961f\u3001\u9500\u6bc1\u7b49…<\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u80fd\u591f\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u5de5\u4f5c\u72b6\u6001，\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u53c2\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec： – \u6838\u5fc3\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 ：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002 – \u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570 ：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u80fd\u591f\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6700\u5927\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002 – \u7a7a\u95f2\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4 ：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7a7a\u95f2\u591a\u5c11\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u9500\u6bc1\u3002 – \u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u5bb9\u91cf ：\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u80fd\u591f\u5b58\u653e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u5f71\u54cd： – \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8fc7\u5c11 ：\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4efb\u52a1\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u53ca\u65f6，\u5bfc\u81f4\u961f\u5217\u5806\u79ef\u3002 – \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8fc7\u591a ：\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u589e\u52a0，\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u9500\u3002 – \u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u8fc7\u5c0f ：\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4efb\u52a1\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd，\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5065\u58ee\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u8c03\u6574\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5176\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u5927\u5c0f\u7b56\u7565\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5，\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\u589e\u52a0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570，\u4f4e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65f6\u51cf\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec： – \u57fa\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6 ：\u5f53\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u8d85\u8fc7\u9884\u8bbe\u9608\u503c\u65f6，\u589e\u52a0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002 – \u57fa\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d ：\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u6d4bCPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002 – \u57fa\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u6a21\u578b ：\u4f7f\u7528\u5386\u53f2\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21，\u9884\u6d4b\u672a\u6765\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u8c03\u6574\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801： <\/p>\n
void adjust_pool_size(task_queue_t *queue) {
\n pthread_mutex_lock(&queue->lock);
\n \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u961f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6，\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c，\u5219\u589e\u52a0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570
\n if (get_queue_length(queue) > QUEUE_THRESHOLD) {
\n add_threads(queue);
\n }
\n \/\/ \u5982\u679c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8fc7\u591a，\u4e14\u961f\u5217\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u5219\u51cf\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570
\n if (get_idle_threads(queue) > IDLE_THRESHOLD && get_queue_length(queue) == 0) {
\n reduce_threads(queue);
\n }
\n pthread_mutex_unlock(&queue->lock);
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u96be\u514d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u6545\u969c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u56de\u6536\u673a\u5236\u80fd\u591f\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6545\u969c\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u56de\u6536\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec： – \u7ebf\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u76d1\u63a7 ：\u76d1\u63a7\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u72b6\u6001，\u4e00\u65e6\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38，\u7acb\u5373\u56de\u6536\u8be5\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002 – \u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8d85\u65f6\u5904\u7406 ：\u7ed9\u4efb\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4，\u8d85\u65f6\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5e94\u88ab\u53d6\u6d88\u3002 – \u8d44\u6e90\u91ca\u653e\u673a\u5236 ：\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u9500\u6bc1，\u5e76\u91ca\u653e\u6240\u6709\u5206\u914d\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801： <\/p>\n
void shutdown_pool(task_queue_t *queue) {
\n pthread_mutex_lock(&queue->lock);
\n \/\/ \u53d6\u6d88\u6240\u6709\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1
\n cancel_tasks(queue);
\n \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u6240\u6709\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b8c\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u9000\u51fa
\n wait_for_threads_to_finish(queue);
\n \/\/ \u9500\u6bc1\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90
\n destroy_task_queue(queue);
\n pthread_mutex_unlock(&queue->lock);
\n}<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u7ba1\u7406\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u8003\u8651，\u4ece\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u5230\u5b9e\u73b0\u673a\u5236\u3001\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528，\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u7ec6\u5fc3\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4f18\u5316，\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u968f\u7740\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u666e\u53ca\u548c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53d1\u5c55，\u5bf9\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4，\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b，\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c31\u663e\u5f97\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u3002I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u4fbf\u662f\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u7684\u539f\u7406，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u5728Linux\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u6280\u672f\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u4e4b\u524d，\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u540c\u6b65I\/O\u4e0e\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002\u540c\u6b65I\/O\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u524d，\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c06\u88ab\u963b\u585e，\u76f4\u5230\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u624d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c\u540e\u7eed\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u800c\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u5219\u662f\u6307I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u5b8c\u6210，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u901a\u77e5\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u5141\u8bb8\u591a\u4e2aI\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85，\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2aI\/O\u6761\u4ef6\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u65f6（\u5982\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u8bfb\u6216\u53ef\u5199），\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c31\u901a\u77e5\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\u6709select\u3001poll\u548cepoll\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n
| \u7279\u6027 | \u540c\u6b65I\/O | \u5f02\u6b65I\/O | \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f | | ————– | ————————- | ————————- | ———————————- | | \u6267\u884c\u963b\u585e | \u662f | \u5426 | \u5426（\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5982epoll\u975e\u963b\u585e）| | I\/O\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u77e5\u65b9\u5f0f| \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd4\u56de\u7801\u6216\u8005\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406 | \u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u6216\u8005\u4e8b\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5 | \u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5 | | \u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f | I\/O\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1 | \u9ad8\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42 | \u591a\u7528\u6237\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1 | <\/p>\n
I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d，\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d88\u8017，\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n
Linux\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cdI\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u7684API，\u5176\u4e2depoll\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684I\/O\u4e8b\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u673a\u5236\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684select\u548cpoll，epoll\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n
epoll\u901a\u8fc7epoll_create\u3001epoll_ctl\u548cepoll_wait\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u9996\u5148，\u901a\u8fc7epoll_create\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aepoll\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u63a5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528epoll_ctl\u5411\u8be5\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u5220\u9664\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7epoll_wait\u6765\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002 <\/p>\n
#include <sys\/epoll.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <fcntl.h><\/p>\n
\/\/ \u521b\u5efaepoll\u5b9e\u4f8b
\nint epollfd = epoll_create1(0);
\nif (epollfd == -1) {
\n perror("epoll_create");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u5b9a\u4e49\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u548c\u4e8b\u4ef6
\nstruct epoll_event ev, events[10];
\nint listen_sock = \/* … *\/;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53
\nev.events = EPOLLIN;
\nev.data.fd = listen_sock;<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5230epoll\u5b9e\u4f8b
\nif (epoll_ctl(epollfd, EPOLL_CTL_ADD, listen_sock, &ev) == -1) {
\n perror("epoll_ctl: listen_sock");
\n exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
\n}<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u4e3b\u5faa\u73af
\nfor (;;) {
\n int n = epoll_wait(epollfd, events, 10, -1);
\n \/\/ … \u5904\u7406\u4e8b\u4ef6 …
\n}<\/p>\n
\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b，\u9700\u8981\u5bf9epoll\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316，\u5982\u907f\u514d\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u89e6\u53d1\u3001\u5408\u7406\u7ba1\u7406\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6709\u6548\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u7b49\u3002\u5408\u7406\u5229\u7528LT（Level Triggered）\u548cET（Edge Triggered）\u4e24\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002LT\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b，\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u672a\u5904\u7406，\u6bcf\u6b21epoll_wait\u90fd\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de，\u800cET\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ea\u5728\u4e8b\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u89e6\u53d1\u4e00\u6b21\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8981\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u4f18\u5316I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u7684\u6027\u80fd，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u8bfb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u6807\u51c6\u5de5\u5177，\u5982sysbench\u3001iperf\u4ee5\u53ca\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u6d4b\u91cf\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8868\u73b0，\u5305\u62ec\u6bcf\u79d2\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u3001CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u6bd4\u8f83select\u3001poll\u548cepoll\u8fd9\u4e09\u79cdI\/O\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u63a7\u5236\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f，\u5982\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6761\u4ef6，\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5e76\u53d1\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u4e0b\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5dee\u5f02\u3002 <\/p>\n
| \u6d4b\u8bd5\u9879 | select | poll | epoll ET | epoll LT | | ———–|:———-:|:————:|:————–:|:————–:| | \u8fde\u63a5\u6570 | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | | CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387 | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | | \u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4 | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | | \u541e\u5410\u91cf | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | \u7ed3\u679c\u5c55\u793a | <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5206\u6790，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684I\/O\u6a21\u578b，\u5b9e\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6700\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7ae0\u8282\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86I\/O\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f\u7684\u539f\u7406\u53ca\u5176\u5728Linux\u4e0b\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528，\u7279\u522b\u662fepoll\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u6027\u80fd\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u4f18\u5316\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u591a\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u540c\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u4fee\u6539\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5，\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e34\u754c\u533a（Critical Section）\u3002\u5728\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u4e2d，\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4efb\u4f55\u65f6\u5019\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90，\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6240\u5728\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u51b2\u7a81，\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u987a\u5e8f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u5305\u62ec\u4e92\u65a5\u9501（Mutex）\u3001\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf（Condition Variable）\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf（Semaphore）\u7b49\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u5de5\u5177\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u548c\u6548\u7387\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u9009\u62e9\u540c\u6b65\u5de5\u5177\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u6807\u51c6： <\/p>\n
\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u4e00，\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u62a4\u4e34\u754c\u533a\u3002\u5728pthread\u5e93\u4e2d，\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7531pthread_mutex_t\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b： <\/p>\n
\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec\u4f46\u4e0d\u9650\u4e8e： <\/p>\n
\u6b7b\u9501\u662f\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u6216\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c38\u8fdc\u76f8\u4e92\u7b49\u5f85\u5bf9\u65b9\u91ca\u653e\u8d44\u6e90\u65f6，\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6b7b\u9501\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u907f\u514d\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u6b7b\u9501\u7684\u7b56\u7565： <\/p>\n
\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf（Condition Variable）\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528，\u5141\u8bb8\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85（\u963b\u585e），\u76f4\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6539\u53d8\u6761\u4ef6\u5e76\u53d1\u51fa\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u4ea7\u8005-\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6a21\u578b\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u4f2a\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b： <\/p>\n
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
\npthread_cond_t cond;<\/p>\n
pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
\nwhile (resource_count == 0) { \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u6761\u4ef6
\n pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex); \/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf
\n}
\nresource_count–; \/\/ \u4fee\u6539\u6761\u4ef6
\npthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);<\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf（Semaphore）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u624b\u6bb5\u7684\u673a\u5236，\u5b83\u7ef4\u62a4\u7740\u4e00\u7ec4\u865a\u62df\u7684\u201c\u8bb8\u53ef\u8bc1\u201d\u3002\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u5bf9\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u91cf\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee，\u6216\u8005\u5b9e\u73b0\u590d\u6742\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83： <\/p>\n
\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u76f8\u6bd4，\u5176\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u66f4\u52a0\u5e7f\u6cdb，\u4f46\u76f8\u5e94\u5730，\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e5f\u66f4\u52a0\u590d\u6742\u3002\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6，\u6b63\u786e\u9009\u62e9\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u540c\u6b65\u5de5\u5177，\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ef4\u62a4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u548c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u673a\u5236，\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528 pthread_mutex_t \u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u548c\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u5b9e\u73b0\u751f\u4ea7\u8005-\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801： <\/p>\n
#include <pthread.h>
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h><\/p>\n
#define BUFFER_SIZE 10<\/p>\n
int buffer[BUFFER_SIZE];
\nint count = 0;
\nint read_pos = 0;
\nint write_pos = 0;<\/p>\n
pthread_mutex_t mutex;
\npthread_cond_t cond;<\/p>\n
void* producer(void* arg) {
\n while (1) {
\n pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
\n while (count == BUFFER_SIZE) {
\n pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
\n }
\n buffer[write_pos] = rand() % 100;
\n write_pos = (write_pos + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE;
\n count++;
\n printf("Produced: %d\\\\n", buffer[write_pos]);
\n pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
\n pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
void* consumer(void* arg) {
\n while (1) {
\n pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);
\n while (count == 0) {
\n pthread_cond_wait(&cond, &mutex);
\n }
\n int data = buffer[read_pos];
\n read_pos = (read_pos + 1) % BUFFER_SIZE;
\n count–;
\n printf("Consumed: %d\\\\n", data);
\n pthread_cond_signal(&cond);
\n pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
int main() {
\n pthread_t prod, cons;
\n pthread_mutex_init(&mutex, NULL);
\n pthread_cond_init(&cond, NULL);<\/p>\n
pthread_create(&prod, NULL, producer, NULL);
\n pthread_create(&cons, NULL, consumer, NULL);<\/p>\n
pthread_join(prod, NULL);
\n pthread_join(cons, NULL);<\/p>\n
pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
\n pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4ee5\u53ca\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u4e92\u65a5\u9501\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u5bf9\u5171\u4eab\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u6761\u4ef6\u53d8\u91cf\u6765\u901a\u77e5\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6216\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f55\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u662f\u4fdd\u969c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ad8\u6548\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5173\u952e\u3002\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888，\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65bd\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4e4b\u4e00，\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n
\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801：\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u4f18\u5316
\nvoid* buffer = malloc(SIZE); \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528mallinfo\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5206\u914d\u524d\u540e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
\nif (buffer != NULL) {
\n memset(buffer, 0, SIZE);
\n \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u6570\u636e…
\n free(buffer); \/\/ \u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\u4ee5\u4f9b\u540e\u7eed\u4f7f\u7528
\n}<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7 mallinfo \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u5185\u5b58\u5206\u914d\u524d\u540e\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f，\u5e2e\u52a9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u6027\u80fd\u5206\u6790\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u662f\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u73b0\u8c61，\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5207\u6362\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\u3002 <\/p>\n
\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801：\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5
\nvoid reduce_context_switches() {
\n std::vector<pthread_t> threads;
\n for (int i = 0; i < NUM_THREADS; ++i) {
\n pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, worker_function, NULL);
\n }<\/p>\n
for (auto& t : threads) {
\n pthread_join(t, NULL);
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
void* worker_function(void* arg) {
\n while (true) {
\n \/\/ \u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1…
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d，\u907f\u514d\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u7ebf\u7a0b\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u63d0\u5347\u662f\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u91cd\u70b9，\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u548c\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5408\u7406\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 <\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801：\u4f7f\u7528Python\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b
\nfrom multiprocessing import Process, cpu_count<\/p>\n
def worker_process(task):
\n # \u6267\u884c\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1
\n print(f"Processing {task}")<\/p>\n
if __name__ == '__main__':
\n tasks = [i for i in range(100)]
\n processes = []
\n for task in tasks:
\n p = Process(target=worker_process, args=(task,))
\n processes.append(p)
\n p.start()
\n for p in processes:
\n p.join()<\/p>\n
\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528CPU\u8d44\u6e90，\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u591a\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e0a\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6307\u6807，\u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u80fd\u6301\u7eed\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u4e00\u73af，\u5b83\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002 <\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u914d\u7f6e：Nginx\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e
\nhttp {
\n upstream backend {
\n server backend1.example.com;
\n server backend2.example.com;
\n server backend3.example.com;
\n }<\/p>\n
server {
\n location \/ {
\n proxy_pass http:\/\/backend;
\n }
\n }
\n}<\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6eNginx\u7684 upstream \u6a21\u5757，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027，\u707e\u96be\u6062\u590d\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002 <\/p>\n
# \u793a\u4f8b\u811a\u672c：\u4f7f\u7528rsync\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd
\n#!\/bin\/bash
\nDEST_DIR="\/path\/to\/backup"
\nSOURCE_DIR="\/path\/to\/source"
\nrsync -av $SOURCE_DIR $DEST_DIR<\/p>\n
\u5229\u7528 rsync \u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u589e\u91cf\u5907\u4efd，\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u505a\u6cd5\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5728\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d，\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u5c24\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u6a21\u578b\u5982AIO，\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u5e93\u5982libevent\u548clibev，\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4fbf\u5229\u3002 <\/p>\n
\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801：\u4f7f\u7528libevent\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u901a\u4fe1
\nstruct event_base *base;
\nstruct evconnlistener *listener;
\nvoid accept_callback(struct evconnlistener *listener, evutil_socket_t fd, struct sockaddr *address, int socklen, void *user_data) {
\n \/\/ \u63a5\u53d7\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42
\n}<\/p>\n
int main() {
\n base = event_base_new();
\n listener = evconnlistener_new_bind(base, accept_callback, NULL, LEV_OPT_CLOSE_ON_FREE|LEV_OPT_REUSEABLE, -1, (struct sockaddr*)&local, sizeof(local));<\/p>\n
event_base_dispatch(base);
\n evconnlistener_free(listener);
\n event_base_free(base);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n
\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u534f\u8bae\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4f18\u5316，\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002 <\/p>\n
\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801：\u4f7f\u7528Go\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u9ad8\u6548HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0
\npackage main<\/p>\n
import (
\n "net\/http"
\n "github.com\/prometheus\/client_golang\/prometheus\/promhttp"
\n)<\/p>\n
func main() {
\n http.Handle("\/metrics", promhttp.Handler())
\n http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
\n}<\/p>\n
Go\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5185\u7f6e\u7684HTTP\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u652f\u6301，\u914d\u5408 promhttp \u7b49\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u642d\u5efa\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u79c0\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7b56\u7565，\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6df1\u5165\u7406\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u4e0e\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8981\u70b9，\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u969cIT\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90，\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6 <\/p>\n
\u7b80\u4ecb：Linux\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u662f\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f，\u5b83\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7f16\u7a0b\u3001\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u3001\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u540c\u6b65\u4e0e\u4e92\u65a5\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5305\u62ec\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60\u964d\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500\u3001\u91c7\u7528epoll\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u9ad8I\/O\u6548\u7387\u3001\u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf\u63a7\u5236\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4f18\u5316\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f02\u6b65I\/O\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u5957\u7684\u7cbe\u54c1\u8d44\u6e90，\u70b9\u51fb\u83b7\u53d6 <\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb851\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e22\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf17\u6b21\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u6d89\u53ca\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u7cfb\u7edf\u72ec\u7acb\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u5206\u6d3e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u5176\u8c03\u5ea6\u5b8c\u5168\u7531\u7cfb\u7edf\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u4e3a\u5176\u5206\u914d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u7ebf\u7a0bID\u3001\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u96c6\u3001\u6808\u3001\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8e\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8f6e\u8f6c\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8c03\u5ea6\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u3002int res;if (res!= 0) {\/\/ \u7b49\u5f85\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":37839,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-37841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server"],"yoast_head":"\n