{"id":37195,"date":"2025-05-14T14:16:29","date_gmt":"2025-05-14T06:16:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/37195.html"},"modified":"2025-05-14T14:16:29","modified_gmt":"2025-05-14T06:16:29","slug":"linux%e3%80%8a%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6%e3%80%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/37195.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u300a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u300b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u7684Linux\u300a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6982\u5ff5\u300b\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6982\u5ff5，\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5728\u672c\u7bc7\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u5b66\u4e60；\u5728\u672c\u7bc7\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528fork\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u8865\u5145\u4e86\u89e3，\u5e76\u4e14\u518d\u4e4b\u540e\u4f1a\u91cd\u70b9\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u7ae0\u5f53\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bd5\u7740\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u73b0Shell，\u901a\u8fc7\u672c\u7bc7\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5c06\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u66f4\u6df1\u7684\u7406\u89e3，\u4e00\u8d77\u52a0\u6cb9\u5427！！！<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\n

1.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521b\u5efa<\/span>\u00a0<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u521d\u8bc6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528fork，\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u590d\u4e60\u4e00\u4e0bfork\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5e76\u4e14\u518d\u8865\u5145\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

1.1 fork\u51fd\u6570<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u5728linux\u4e2dfork\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u5b83\u4ece\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u2f00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u800c\u539f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e3a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <unistd.h>
\npid_t fork(void);
\n\u8fd4\u56de\u503c：\u81ea\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de0，\u2f57\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd4\u56de\u2f26\u8fdb\u7a0bid，\u51fa\u9519\u8fd4\u56de-1 <\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528fork\u65f6\u5185\u6838\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u5206\u914d\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7ed9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b \u2022 \u5c06\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90e8\u5206\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5185\u5bb9\u62f7\u8d1d\u81f3\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b \u2022 \u6dfb\u52a0\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5217\u8868\u5f53\u4e2d \u2022 fork\u8fd4\u56de，\u5f00\u59cb\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u8c03\u5ea6<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

1.2 fork\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/span>\u00a0<\/h3>\n

\u2022 \u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3a0 \u2022\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

1.3 \u5199\u5b9e\u62f7\u8d1d<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u901a\u5e38，\u7236\u5b50\u4ee3\u7801\u5171\u4eab，\u7236\u5b50\u518d\u4e0d\u5199\u5165\u65f6，\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u7684，\u5f53\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u65b9\u8bd5\u56fe\u5199\u5165，\u4fbf\u4ee5\u5199\u65f6\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u2f45\u5f0f\u5404\u81ea\u4e00\u4efd\u526f\u672c\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u89c1\u4e0b\u56fe:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e86\u5199\u5b9e\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u6027\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u5199\u5b9e\u62f7\u8d1d\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

1.4 fork\u7684\u5e38\u89c4\u7528\u6cd5<\/span><\/h3>\n

1\u2022 \u2f00\u4e2a\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5e0c\u671b\u590d\u5236\u81ea\u5df1，\u4f7f\u7236\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u2f8f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u2f3e\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42，\u751f\u6210\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002 2\u2022 \u2f00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u6267\u884c\u2f00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u2f26\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ecefork\u8fd4\u56de\u540e，\u8c03\u2f64exec\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8：\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u70b9\u5c06\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

1.5 fork\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u539f\u56e0<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u2022 \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6709\u592a\u591a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b \u2022 \u5b9e\u9645\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u9650\u5236<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

2. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4f1a\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4e09\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5，\u7ed3\u679c\u6b63\u786e<\/span> \u2022 \u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u5b8c\u6bd5，\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e<\/span> \u2022 \u4ee3\u7801\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f53\u4e2dmain\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5176\u5b9e\u65f6\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684，\u5176\u5b9e\u5728Linux\u5f53\u4e2dmain\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d77\u59cb\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u800c\u662f\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3astart\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528main\u7684，\u8fd9\u65f6\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7684\u3002main\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9start\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e4b\u5916\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u662f\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f53\u4e2d<\/span>main\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u901a\u5e38\u8868\u660e\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u60c5\u51b5<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

1.1 \u9000\u51fa\u7801<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u540e\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6765\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e86\u89e3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9000\u51fa\u7801（\u9000\u51fa\u72b6\u6001）\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\u6700\u540e\u2f00\u6b21\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5728\u547d\u4ee4\u7ed3\u675f\u4ee5\u540e，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053\u547d\u4ee4\u662f\u6210\u529f\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8fd8\u662f\u4ee5\u9519\u8bef\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u3002\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u662f，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd4\u56de\u9000\u51fa\u4ee3\u7801 0 \u65f6\u8868\u793a\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f，\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ee3\u7801 1 \u6216 0 \u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e0d\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8：\u5f53\u8fdb\u7a0b\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u5176\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u5f53\u4e2d\u8981\u6253\u5370\u6700\u8fd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b(\u7a0b\u5e8f)\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6307\u4ee4：<\/span><\/p>\n

echo $? <\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h> <\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n printf("hello world\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u7684C\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u662f\u5411\u663e\u793a\u5668\u5f53\u4e2d\u8f93\u51fahello world，\u6b64\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5728main\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u65f60，\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528echo $?\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u67e5\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u662f0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u65f6:<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h> <\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n printf("hello world\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 3;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u6b64\u65f6\u518d\u8fd0\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u518d\u4f7f\u7528echo $?\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f53\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u662f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u51fa\u9519\u539f\u56e0，\u90a3\u4e48\u5728Linux\u5f53\u4e2d\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u770b\u770b，\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<string.h> <\/p>\n

int main()
\n{ <\/p>\n

for(int i=0;i<200;i++)
\n printf("strerror[%d]->%s\\\\n",i,strerror(i)); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u4e86\u51fd\u6570strerror，\u5728\u6b64\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u80fd\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u51fa\u6765\u3002<\/span> \"\"<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u591a\u5c11，\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u731c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5047\u8bbe\u662f200\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51faLinux\u5f53\u4e2d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6709133\u4e2a\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5，\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u7684\u601d\u8003，\u5728main\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2dmain\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801，\u90a3\u4e48\u9664\u4e86\u5728main\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528return\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801，\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u9664\u4e86\u5728main\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528return\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528exit\u6765\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5e94\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801，\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u5982\u4f55\u5730\u65b9\u8c03\u7528exit\u90fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa，\u5e76\u4e14\u5c06\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<string.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h> <\/p>\n

int func()
\n{
\n printf("hello\\\\n");
\n exit(1);
\nreturn 1;
\n} <\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n func();
\n printf("hello world\\\\n");
\n exit(1); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span> \"\"<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528echo\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u4e86func\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u9000\u51fa\u4e86，\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728func\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86exit，\u90a3\u4e48\u6267\u884c\u5230\u8be5\u8bed\u53e5\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u9000\u51fa，\u4e4b\u540emain\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u8bed\u53e5\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

1.2 exit\u548c_exit<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770bexit\u548c_exit\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u662fexit\u662fC\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u800c_exit\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\n#include<unistd.h><\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n printf("hello world\\\\n");
\n sleep(1);
\n exit(1); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u7531\u4e8e\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5b58\u5728，\u90a3\u4e48\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528printf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c06hello world \u4ece\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5f53\u4e2d\u5237\u65b0\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528sleep\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f11\u7720\u4e00\u79d2\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528exit\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u770b\u770b\u662f\u5426\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4e00\u6837<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u671f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5462？<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\n#include<unistd.h><\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n printf("hello world");
\n sleep(1);
\n exit(1); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684printf\u51fd\u6570\u7684\\\\n\u53bb\u4e86，\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u5b8cprintf\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u8fdb\u884c\u5237\u65b0，\u800c\u662f\u8981\u7b49\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u4f1a\u5237\u65b0，\u56e0\u6b64\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u6682\u505c1\u79d2；\u4e4b\u540e\u8f93\u51fahello world\u4e4b\u540e\u77ac\u95f4\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u770b\u770b\u662f\u5426\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4e00\u6837<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u53d1\u73b0\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u671f\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684exit\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a_exit\u8fd8\u4f1a\u50cf\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u6837\u5417？<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\n#include<unistd.h><\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n printf("hello world");
\n sleep(1);
\n _exit(1); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f，\u770b\u770b\u662f\u5426\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4e00\u6837<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u602a\u7684\u70b9\u4e86，\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06hello world\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u663e\u793a\u5668\u4e0a，\u90a3\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u8c03\u7528_exit\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5237\u65b0\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684， _exit\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u5728\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c06\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5237\u65b0\u7684，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f_exit\u548cexit\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba：<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528exit\u9000\u51fa，\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5237\u65b0 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528_exit\u9000\u51fa，\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5237\u65b0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0aexit\u548c_exit\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u51fa\u6211\u4eec\u8c08\u5230\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/span>\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u662f\u5728\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684<\/span>，\u56e0\u4e3a_exit\u5c31\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4f46\u662f\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u5237\u65b0\u3002\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86exit\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5374\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5237\u65b0，\u8fd9\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e<\/span>\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e00\u5b9a\u662fC\u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

3. \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u4e4b\u524d\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u5f53\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u6b64\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u50f5\u5c38\u72b6\u6001，\u6b64\u65f6\u5982\u679c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f<\/span>\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5927\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d44\u6e90<\/span>，\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5<\/span>\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f<\/span>\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u5982\u4f55\u63a5\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230wait\u548cwaitpid\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u8be6\u7ec6\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1. wait<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u9996\u5148\u4f7f\u7528man\u624b\u518c\u6765\u67e5\u8be2wait\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a，\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u5728\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u4e0d\u7528\u4e86\u89e3，\u7b49\u5230\u4e4b\u540e\u4e86\u89e3waitpid\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u518d\u4e00\u8d77\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5f53\u4e3a-1\u65f6\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5931\u8d25，\u53cd\u800c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid\u3002<\/span>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{ <\/p>\n

pid_t pid=fork();
\n if(pid==0)
\n {
\n int cnt=5;
\n while(cnt)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，pid:%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n sleep(1);
\n cnt–;
\n }
\n exit(1); <\/p>\n

} <\/p>\n

sleep(5); <\/p>\n

pid_t wat=wait(NULL);
\n if(wat>0)
\n {
\n printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6210\u529f，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",wat); <\/p>\n

}
\n else{
\n printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5931\u8d25！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

} <\/p>\n

sleep(10);
\n return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528fork\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u79d2\u6253\u5370\u4e00\u6761\u4fe1\u606f，\u6253\u53705\u6761\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u50f5\u5c38\u72b6\u6001，\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u4f7f\u7528sleep\u4f7f\u5f97\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f11\u77205\u79d2\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6211\u4eec\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d8\u4e3a\u50f5\u5c38\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528wait\u5c06\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u56de\u6536，\u4e4b\u540e\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f\u7684\u88ab\u56de\u6536\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528ps\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u89c6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u5f53\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u4e86\u50f5\u5c38\u72b6\u6001，\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528wait\u56de\u6536\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86Z\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728wait\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5230\u7684\u662f\u5f53\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u672a\u9000\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e\u5728wait\u5904，\u76f4\u5230\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa；\u8fd9\u5c31\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u5728C\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684scanf\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u672a\u5728\u952e\u76d8\u5f53\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

2.waitpid<\/span>\u00a0<\/h3>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86wait\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u518d\u6765\u4e86\u89e3waitpid\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u518d\u4f7f\u7528man\u624b\u518c\u6765\u67e5\u8be2waitpid\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230waitpid\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662f\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid，\u82e5\u7b49\u5f85\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u5c06\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a-1\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u662f\u5426\u8fdb\u884c\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85，<\/span>\u7b49\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u524d\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u89e3\u900f\u5f7b\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a0，\u8868\u793a\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{ <\/p>\n

pid_t pid=fork();
\n if(pid==0)
\n {
\n int cnt=5;
\n while(cnt)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，pid:%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n sleep(1);
\n cnt–;
\n }
\n exit(1); <\/p>\n

} <\/p>\n

sleep(5); <\/p>\n

pid_t wat=waitpid(pid,NULL,0);
\n if(wat>0)
\n {
\n printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6210\u529f，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",wat); <\/p>\n

}
\n else{
\n printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5931\u8d25！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

} <\/p>\n

sleep(10);
\n return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u751f\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u540e\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u518d\u4f7f\u7528ps\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u89c6，\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\u4f7f\u7528waitpid\u548cwait\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u6548\u679c\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570status\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u597d\u50cf\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u9884\u671f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u554a？<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u600e\u4e48256\u5462，\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u4e0d\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u662f1\u5417？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5f53\u524d\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u5168\u9762\u7684，\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u6700\u7ec8\u7ecf\u8fc7waitpid\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u503c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u5177\u4f53：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728status\u5f53\u4e3aint\u4e00\u5171\u670932\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d，\u5728\u6b64\u9ad816\u4f4d\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u7a76，\u53ea\u5173\u5fc3\u4f4e16\u4f4d\u3002\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5176\u5b9e\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u52308\u523015\u4f4d\u7684，\u800c\u7b2c7\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662fcore dump\u6807\u5fd7\u5f53\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48；\u5728\u4e4b\u540e\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5c06\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002\u5728\u6b640\u52306\u4f4d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u4fe1\u53f7\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u83b7\u53d6status\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span> \"\"\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span> \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e5f\u8f93\u51fa<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span> \"\"\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u5b66\u4e60\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7ec8\u6b62\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u5f53\u4ee3\u7801\u5f02\u5e38\u7ec8\u6b62\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5c31\u6ca1\u610f\u4e49\u4e86，\u5728\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u5982\u679c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa，\u90a3\u4e48\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684status\u7684\u540e\u4e03\u4f4d\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d\u5c31\u4e0d\u4e3a0，\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa\u7684，\u8be5status\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6ce8：\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u4f7f\u7528waitpid\u65f6Linux\u5f53\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5b8f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

WIFEXITED(status): \u82e5\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38\u7ec8\u2f4c\u2f26\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u72b6\u6001，\u5219\u4e3a\u771f\u3002（\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5426\u662f\u6b63\u5e38\u9000\u51fa）
\nWEXITSTATUS(status): \u82e5WIFEXITED\u2fae\u96f6，\u63d0\u53d6\u2f26\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u3002（\u67e5\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801） <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4d\u8fd0\u7b97\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5b8f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0，\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{ <\/p>\n

pid_t pid=fork();
\n if(pid==0)
\n {
\n int cnt=5;
\n while(cnt)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，pid:%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n sleep(1);
\n cnt–;
\n }
\n exit(1); <\/p>\n

} <\/p>\n

\/\/sleep(10); <\/p>\n

int status=0;
\n pid_t wat=waitpid(pid,&status,0);
\n if(wat>0)
\n {
\n if( WIFEXITED(status))
\n { <\/p>\n

printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6210\u529f，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid：%d，\u9000\u51fa\u7801：%d\\\\n",wat,WEXITSTATUS(status));
\n }
\n }
\n else{
\n printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5931\u8d25！\\\\n");
\n } <\/p>\n

sleep(10);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u538b\u601d\u8003wait\u548cwaitpid\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u83b7\u5f97\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5462？\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u540e\u5728\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u7801\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u884c\u4e0d\u901a\u7684，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5f53\u5728\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u4fee\u6539\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u662f\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5b9e\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684，\u5728\u6b64\u5728\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u503c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u5230\u50f5\u5c38\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684PCB\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9500\u6bc1\u7684，\u8fd9\u65f6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u5b58\u50a8\u5728task_struct\u5f53\u4e2d，\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684task_struct\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728Linux\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2d\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230task_struct\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86waitpid\u5f53\u4e2d\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7684，\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53c8\u662f\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u3002\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u6545\u4e8b\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u662f\u5f20\u4e09\u6700\u8fd1\u8981\u8003\u8bd5\u5b66\u6821\u91cc\u7684\u671f\u672b\u8003\u4e86，\u4f60\u5e73\u65f6\u6709\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd9\u8003\u8bd5\u5bf9\u4f60\u6765\u8bf4\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5927，\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4f60\u7684\u540c\u73ed\u7684\u674e\u56db\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u4e86，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5e73\u65f6\u4e0d\u5b66\u8981\u5728\u671f\u672b\u8003\u4e4b\u524d\u7a81\u51fb\u4e00\u4e0b\u9760\u81ea\u5df1\u901a\u8fc7\u8003\u8bd5\u8fd8\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u56f0\u96be\u7684，\u6240\u4ee5\u674e\u56db\u5c31\u60f3\u5230\u4e86\u4f60\u3002\u5728\u8003C++\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u95ee\u4f60\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u7a7a\u5417\u60f3\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6765\u627e\u4f60\u590d\u4e60，\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u4f60\u8fd8\u5728\u505aPHP\u7684\u8bfe\u8bbe\u5c31\u548c\u674e\u56db\u8bf4\u7b49\u4f60\u505a\u5b8c\u8bfe\u8bbe\u518d\u5e2e\u4ed6\u590d\u4e60，\u542c\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u674e\u56db\u5c31\u628a\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u6302\u4e86\u3002\u8fc7\u4e86\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u4e4b\u540e\u674e\u56db\u53c8\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u4f60，\u53ef\u662f\u4f60\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5b8c，\u91cd\u590d\u591a\u6b21\u4e4b\u540e\u4f60\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5c06\u8bfe\u8bbe\u505a\u5b8c\u4e86，\u4e4b\u540e\u674e\u56db\u5c31\u6765\u627e\u4f60\u590d\u4e60C++\u4e86\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u4f60\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u674e\u56db\u6210\u529f\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86C++\u7684\u8003\u8bd5，\u8fc7\u4e86\u51e0\u5929\u4e4b\u540e\u674e\u56db\u53c8\u95ee\u4f60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u4e86，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u674e\u56db\u5c31\u518d\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u4f60\u95ee\u4f60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u600e\u4e48\u6837\u4e86\u60f3\u518d\u6765\u627e\u4f60\u590d\u4e60，\u6b64\u65f6\u4f60\u5c31\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u8fd8\u6bcf\u590d\u4e60\u5b8c\u7b49\u6211\u590d\u4e60\u5b8c\u518d\u5e2e\u4f60\u590d\u4e60，\u6b64\u65f6\u4f60\u5c31\u5148\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u5bbf\u820d\u4e86，\u8fd8\u662f\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u674e\u56db\u4f46\u662f\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u6b21\u4f60\u6253\u5b8c\u7535\u8bdd\u4e4b\u540e\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u7535\u8bdd\u7ed9\u6302\u4e86，\u800c\u662f\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\u7b49\u5230\u4f60\u590d\u4e60\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u6765\u627e\u4f60，\u5728\u6b64\u65f6\u674e\u56db\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u7a7a\u95f2\u7740\u4ed6\u5148\u628a\u8001\u5e08\u7ed9\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684PPT\u770b\u4e86\u770b，\u8fd9\u6837\u81f3\u5c11\u4f1a\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u5148\u6709\u70b9\u5370\u8c61\u4fbf\u4e8e\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u590d\u4e60\u3002\u7b49\u5230\u4f60\u590d\u4e60\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\u674e\u56db\u5c31\u6765\u627e\u4f60\u4e86，\u901a\u8fc7\u4f60\u4ed4\u7ec6\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\u6700\u540e\u674e\u56db\u6210\u529f\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u8003\u8bd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5f53\u4e2d\u5c0f\u674e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u627e\u4f60\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u6253\u7535\u8bdd\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u4f60\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u641e\u5b8c，\u8fd9\u65f6\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c，\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u50cf\u5c0f\u674e\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u4f60\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684；\u800c\u5c0f\u674e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6765\u60f3\u627e\u4f60\u590d\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u65f6\u5728\u7b49\u4f60\u5b8c\u6210\u590d\u4e60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5728\u770bPPT，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c，\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u50cf\u5c0f\u674e\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u4f60\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u540c\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4e4b\u540e\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u8bd5\u7740\u4f7f\u7528waitpid\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u6a21\u677f\u53c2\u6570\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

pid_ t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options);
\noptions:\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a0，\u8868\u2f70\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85
\nWNOHANG: \u82e5pid\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u2f26\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f，\u5219waitpid()\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de0，\u4e0d\u4e88\u4ee5\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u82e5\u6b63\u5e38\u7ed3\u675f，\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u8be5\u2f26\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684ID\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528waitpid\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f53\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684<\/span>\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a0<\/span>，\u8fd9\u5c31\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{ <\/p>\n

pid_t pid=fork();
\n if(pid==0)
\n { <\/p>\n

while(1)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，pid:%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n sleep(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

} <\/p>\n

\/\/sleep(10); <\/p>\n

while(1)
\n { <\/p>\n

int status=0;
\n pid_t wat=waitpid(pid,&status,WNOHANG);
\n if(wat>0)
\n { <\/p>\n

printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6210\u529f，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid：%d，\u9000\u51fa\u7801：%d，\u4fe1\u53f7：%d\\\\n",wat,WEXITSTATUS(status),status&0x7F);
\n break;
\n }
\n else if(wat==0)
\n {
\n printf("\u672c\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u7ed3\u675f，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u9000\u51fa!\\\\n");
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n else{
\n printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5931\u8d25！\\\\n");
\n break;
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8ba9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u7684，\u4e4b\u540e\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528waitpid\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u6b64\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u975e\u963b\u585e\u7684\u8c03\u7528，\u90a3\u4e48\u6b64\u65f6\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u4f7f\u7528waitpid\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u9000\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u662f\u663e\u793a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u9000\u51fa\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528kill\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6740\u6389\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span> \"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u601d\u8003\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u7b49\u5f85\u65b9\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u80fd\u505a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e8b\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h><\/p>\n

#define NUM 5
\n\/\/\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488
\ntypedef void(*func_t)();<\/p>\n

\/\/\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4
\nfunc_t handlers[5];<\/p>\n

void DownLoad()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1…\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n

void Flush()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5237\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1…\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n

void Log()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4efb\u52a1…\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n

void DownLoad()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1…\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n

void Flush()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5237\u65b0\u7684\u4efb\u52a1…\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n

void Log()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4efb\u52a1…\\\\n");
\n}<\/p>\n

\/\/\u5c06\u51fd\u6570\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4\u5f53\u4e2d
\nvoid registerHandler(func_t h[],func_t f)
\n{
\n int i=0;
\n for(;i<NUM;i++)
\n {
\n if(h[i]==NULL)break;
\n }
\n if(i==NUM)return;
\n h[i]=f;
\n h[i+1]=NULL;
\n}<\/p>\n

int main()
\n{<\/p>\n

registerHandler(handlers,DownLoad);
\n registerHandler(handlers,Flush);
\n registerHandler(handlers,Log);
\n pid_t pid=fork();
\n if(pid==0)
\n {<\/p>\n

while(1)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，pid:%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n sleep(1);
\n }<\/p>\n

}
\n while(1)
\n {<\/p>\n

int status=0;
\n pid_t wat=waitpid(pid,&status,WNOHANG);
\n if(wat>0)
\n {<\/p>\n

printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u6210\u529f，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid：%d，\u9000\u51fa\u7801：%d，\u4fe1\u53f7：%d\\\\n",wat,WEXITSTATUS(status),status&0x7F);
\n break;
\n }
\n else if(wat==0)
\n {
\n int i=0;
\n for(;handlers[i];i++)
\n {
\n handlers[i]();
\n }
\n printf("\u672c\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u7ed3\u675f，\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6ca1\u6709\u9000\u51fa!\\\\n");
\n sleep(1);
\n }
\n else{
\n printf("\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u5931\u8d25！\\\\n");
\n break;
\n }
\n }
\n \/\/ sleep(10);
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u662f\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4，\u4e4b\u540e\u5728registerHandler\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u5c06\u5bf9\u5e94\u51fd\u6570\u90fd\u63d2\u5165\u5230\u6570\u7ec4\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u5728\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f53\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd8\u672a\u7ed3\u675f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

4.\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362<\/span><\/h2>\n

fork() \u4e4b\u540e,\u7236\u5b50\u81ea\u6267\u2f8f\u2f57\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u2f00\u90e8\u5206\u5982\u679c\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5c31\u60f3\u6267\u884c\u2f00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66ff\u6362\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd！ \u7a0b\u5e8f\u66ff\u6362\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u63a5\u53e3，\u52a0\u8f7d\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u2f00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f(\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e)，\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u8c03\u7528\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d！<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6765\u770b\u770b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6548\u679c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684？\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h> <\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n");
\n execl("\/usr\/bin\/ls","ls","-l",NULL);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2dexecl\u4e4b\u540e\u7684printf\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u6267\u884c\u7684，\u5176\u5b9e\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u66ff\u6362，\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

4.1 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u66ff\u6362\u539f\u7406<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u7531\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5bf9\u8c61\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u6784\u6210\u7684，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u66ff\u6362，\u4f46\u662f\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u524d\u540e\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid\u662f\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ce8：\u5728\u6b64\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7528\u65b0\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8986\u76d6\u5f0f\u7684\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u66ff\u6362，\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6267\u884c\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ed9\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fexec*\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fexec*\u7cfb\u5217\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7279\u70b9： 1.\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528exec*\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e86，\u8fd9\u65f6\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2.exec*\u7cfb\u5217\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u6709\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，\u6ca1\u6709\u6210\u529f\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c；\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u5224\u65ad，\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u5931\u8d25，\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a-1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

4.1 exec*\u7cfb\u5217<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u66ff\u6362\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e4b\u540e\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5c31\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684exec*\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u51fd\u6570<\/span><\/p>\n

int execl(const char *path, const char *arg, …);
\n int execlp(const char *file, const char *arg, …);
\n int execle(const char *path, const char *arg,…, char * const envp[]);
\n int execv(const char *path, char *const argv[]);
\n int execvp(const char *file, char *const argv[]);
\n int execvpe(const char *file, char *const argv[],char *const envp[]);
\n int execve(const char *filename, char *const argv[],char *const envp[]);<\/p>\n

1. execl<\/span><\/h4>\n

int execl(const char *path, const char *arg, …);<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230execl\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\u51fd\u6570，\u5728\u6b64\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8def\u5f84，\u800c\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5c31\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u4e4b\u540e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u6700\u540e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u9700\u8981\u4ee5NULL\u7ed3\u5c3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

if(fork()==0)
\n { <\/p>\n

execl("\/usr\/bin\/ls","ls","-l",NULL);
\n exit(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

waitpid(-1,NULL,0);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528fork\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528execl\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u5c06\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u66ff\u6362\u4e3als，\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e48\u9664\u4e86\u66ff\u6362\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u8fd8\u80fd\u66ff\u6362\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5417？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u5728\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2aC++\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n

#include<iostream>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\nusing namespace std; <\/p>\n

int main()
\n{ <\/p>\n

cout<<"I am C++,my pid is:"<<getpid()<<endl; <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u5c06test.c\u5185\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u66ff\u6362\u524d\u540e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684pid\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

2. execlp<\/span><\/h4>\n

int execlp(const char *file, const char *arg, …); <\/p>\n

\u548cexecl\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e5f\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u66ff\u6362，\u4f46\u662f\u548cexecl\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662fexeclp\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u5373\u53ef，\u4e4b\u540eexeclp\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u5728PATH\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u5f53\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684execl\u76f8\u540c，\u9700\u8981\u4f20\u5bf9\u5e94\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f，\u6700\u540e\u4ee5NULL\u7ed3\u5c3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

if(fork()==0)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6211\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n execlp("ls","ls","-l",NULL);
\n exit(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

waitpid(-1,NULL,0);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

3.\u00a0execv<\/span><\/h4>\n

int execv(const char *path, char *const argv[]); <\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64execv\u7684\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u548cexecl\u7684\u76f8\u540c，\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4，\u8fd9\u65f6\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5c06\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u5b58\u50a8\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u5f53\u4e2d，\u518d\u7531\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u63a5\u6536\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ee5NULL\u7ed3\u5c3e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

char *const argv[]={(char* const)"ls",(char* const)"-l",NULL};
\n if(fork()==0)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6211\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n execv("\/usr\/bin\/ls",argv);
\n exit(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

waitpid(-1,NULL,0);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u8ba9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528ls\u6307\u4ee4\u66ff\u6362\u6b64\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528ececv\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5148\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u7ec4argv，\u4e4b\u540e\u5c06\u8be5\u6570\u7ec4\u6210\u4e3aexecv\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6211\u4eec\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e86main\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u4ece\u83b7\u53d6\u7684，\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7bash\u5148\u83b7\u53d6\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6570\u636e，\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u518d\u4f7f\u7528execv\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

4.execvp<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

int execvp(const char *file, char *const argv[]); <\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64execvp\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u540d\u79f0，\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

char *const argv[]={(char* const)"ls",(char* const)"-l",NULL};
\n if(fork()==0)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6211\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n execvp("ls",argv);
\n exit(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

waitpid(-1,NULL,0);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

5. execvpe<\/span><\/h4>\n

int execvpe(const char *file, char *const argv[],char *const envp[]); <\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u518dexecvpe\u51fd\u6570\u5f53\u4e2d\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u89e3，\u800c\u5728\u6b64\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u542b\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8981\u4f20\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f20\u7ed9\u66ff\u6362\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801： pro.cc<\/span><\/p>\n

#include<iostream>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<cstdio> <\/p>\n

int main(int argc,char* argv[],char* env[])
\n{ <\/p>\n

std::cout<<"I am C++,my pid is:"<<getpid()<<std::endl; <\/p>\n

for(int i=0;i<argc;i++)
\n {
\n printf("argv[%d]:%s\\\\n",i,argv[i]);
\n } <\/p>\n

printf("\\\\n");
\n for(int i=0;env[i];i++)
\n { <\/p>\n

printf("env[%d]:%s\\\\n",i,env[i]);
\n } <\/p>\n

printf("\\\\n");
\n return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

test.c<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

char *const argv[]={(char* const)"mypro",(char* const)"-l",NULL}; <\/p>\n

char* const env[]={(char* const)"AAA=12345",(char* const)"BBB=54321",NULL};
\n if(fork()==0)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6211\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n execvpe(".\/mypro",argv,env);
\n exit(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

waitpid(-1,NULL,0);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5206\u522b\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3amypro\u548cmytest\u4e24\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u540e，\u5148\u8fd0\u884cmypro\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884cmytest\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b：<\/span> \"\" \u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528ececvpe\u65f6\u662f\u4f1a\u5c06\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u7684env\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u7ed9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684，\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u65f6\u662fenv\u662f\u4f1a\u5c06\u539f\u672c\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u7ed9\u8986\u76d6\u7684，\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u679c\u662f\u8981\u5c06\u539f\u672c\u7684\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8ffd\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u518d\u4f20\u7ed9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90a3\u4e48\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u505a\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span><\/p>\n

1.\u4f7f\u7528execvp+putenv<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e4b\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86\u83b7\u53d6\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528getenv，\u5728\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b0\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fputennv<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u540e\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

char *const argv[]={(char* const)"mypro",(char* const)"-l",NULL}; <\/p>\n

\/\/char* const env[]={(char* const)"AAA=12345",(char* const)"BBB=54321",NULL};
\n if(fork()==0)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6211\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n putenv((char* const)"AAA=12345");
\n putenv((char* const)"BBB=54321");
\n execvp(".\/mypro",argv);
\n exit(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

waitpid(-1,NULL,0);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

2.\u4f7f\u7528putenv+environ<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd51\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fexecvp，\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u8981\u4f7f\u7528execvpe\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684，\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u6307\u9488environ<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4fee\u6539\u4e4b\u540e\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include<sys\/types.h>
\n#include<unistd.h>
\n#include<sys\/wait.h>
\n#include<stdlib.h>
\nint main()
\n{
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

char *const argv[]={(char* const)"mypro",(char* const)"-l",NULL}; <\/p>\n

char* const env[]={(char* const)"AAA=12345",(char* const)"BBB=54321",NULL};
\n if(fork()==0)
\n {
\n printf("\u6211\u662f\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6211\u7684pid：%d\\\\n",getpid());
\n \/\/putenv((char* const)"AAA=12345");
\n \/\/ putenv((char* const)"BBB=54321");
\n for(int i=0;env[i];i++)
\n {
\n putenv(env[i]);
\n }
\n extern char** environ;
\n execvpe(".\/mypro",argv,environ);
\n exit(1);
\n } <\/p>\n

waitpid(-1,NULL,0);
\n printf("\u6211\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u675f\u4e86！\\\\n"); <\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

6.\u00a0execle<\/span><\/h4>\n

int execle(const char *path, const char *arg,…, char * const envp[]); <\/p>\n

\u5728\u6b64execle\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8bb2\u89e3\u5f53\u4e2d\u90fd\u4e86\u89e3\u8fc7\u4e86，\u5728\u6b64\u5c31\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u8bb2\u89e3\u4e86<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

7. execve<\/span><\/h4>\n

int execve(const char *filename, char *const argv[],char *const envp[]); <\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528man\u624b\u518c\u67e5\u8be2exec*\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0execve\u4e0d\u5728\u91cc\u9762，\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462？<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aexecve\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u800c\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u662fC\u5e93\u5f53\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u00a0<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u7684exec*\u90fd\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528execve<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4f7f\u7528execvp\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u663e\u793a\u7684\u4f20\u7ed9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4f46\u662f\u4e4b\u540e\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f53\u4e2d\u5374\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97，\u8fd9\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4f7f\u7528execvp\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u4e86execve\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528，\u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u7ed9\u4f20\u7ed9\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

8.\u603b\u7ed3<\/span>\u00a0<\/h4>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fexec*\u7cfb\u5217\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u672c\u7bc7\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u5185\u5bb9\u4e86，\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u5f53\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8bd5\u7740\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u4e3b\u7684Shell\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u89e3\u91ca\u5668 ，\u672a\u5b8c\u5f85\u7eed\u2026\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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