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  • \u4e3b\u677f\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e0e POST \u81ea\u68c0\u9636\u6bb5 \u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4： BIOS\/UEFI \u542f\u52a8：\u52a0\u8f7d\u56fa\u4ef6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4ee3\u7801，\u521d\u59cb\u5316 CPU \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u3001\u5357\u6865 \/ \u5317\u6865\u82af\u7247\u3002 POST（\u52a0\u7535\u81ea\u68c0）： \u9636\u6bb5 1：CPU \u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u68c0\u6d4b \u521d\u59cb\u5316 CPU \u5fae\u7801，\u68c0\u6d4b CPU \u578b\u53f7 \/ \u6e29\u5ea6 \/ \u7535\u538b；\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5185\u5b58\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u53ca\u5185\u5b58\u9897\u7c92（\u901a\u8fc7\u5730\u5740 \/ \u6570\u636e\u603b\u7ebf\u626b\u9891）\u3002 \u9636\u6bb5 2：\u8bbe\u5907\u679a\u4e3e\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316 \u68c0\u6d4b PCIe \u8bbe\u5907（\u5982\u7f51\u5361\u3001\u663e\u5361\u3001RAID \u5361）\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u63a7\u5236\u5668（SATA\/SAS）\u3001USB \u63a7\u5236\u5668；\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u786c\u76d8 \/ SSD\u3001\u98ce\u6247\u8f6c\u901f\u63a7\u5236\u6a21\u5757\u3002 \u9636\u6bb5 3：\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u6392\u5e8f \u6839\u636e BIOS \u8bbe\u7f6e（\u5982 UEFI \u5f15\u5bfc\u987a\u5e8f）\u786e\u5b9a\u542f\u52a8\u76d8（\u5982 RAID \u9635\u5217\u3001U \u76d8\u3001PXE \u7f51\u7edc），\u751f\u6210\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u5217\u8868\u3002 \u6280\u672f\u8981\u70b9： POST \u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u4e3b\u677f\u8702\u9e23\u5668\u6216\u8bca\u65ad LED（\u5982 DASD \u4ee3\u7801）\u8f93\u51fa\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u7801，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c\u3002 UEFI \u76f8\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf BIOS \u652f\u6301\u66f4\u5927\u5bb9\u91cf\u78c1\u76d8（GPT \u5206\u533a）\u3001\u66f4\u5feb\u542f\u52a8\u901f\u5ea6\u53ca\u5b89\u5168\u542f\u52a8（Secure Boot）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u786c\u4ef6\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u5bfc\u9636\u6bb5 \u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4： \u5b58\u50a8\u5b50\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316： RAID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u521d\u59cb\u5316：\u52a0\u8f7d RAID \u914d\u7f6e（\u5982\u76f4\u901a\u6a21\u5f0f\u3001RAID 0\/1\/5\/10），\u68c0\u6d4b\u78c1\u76d8\u72b6\u6001（\u5728\u7ebf \/ \u79bb\u7ebf \/ \u6545\u969c）\u3002 \u542f\u52a8\u76d8\u8bc6\u522b：\u6839\u636e\u5f15\u5bfc\u987a\u5e8f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u542f\u52a8\u8bbe\u5907\u8bfb\u53d6 MBR\/GPT \u5f15\u5bfc\u6247\u533a\u3002 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u8f7d： \u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f（\u5982 GRUB\u3001Windows Boot Manager）\u8bfb\u53d6\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6，\u52a0\u8f7d\u81f3\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u79fb\u4ea4\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u3002 \u5185\u6838\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8（\u5982\u7f51\u5361\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u63a7\u5236\u5668），\u542f\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1（\u5982 init\/systemd）\u3002 \u6280\u672f\u8981\u70b9： \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e38\u914d\u7f6e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u6a21\u5757（\u5982 iDRAC\u3001iMC），\u6b64\u9636\u6bb5\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5e26\u5916\u7ba1\u7406（Out-of-Band）\u76d1\u63a7\u542f\u52a8\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002 \u652f\u6301 UEFI \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u6ce8\u610f\u5f15\u5bfc\u6587\u4ef6（.efi）\u4e0e\u56fa\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u68c0\u4e0e\u5197\u4f59\u6a21\u5757\u6fc0\u6d3b\u9636\u6bb5 \u6838\u5fc3\u6b65\u9aa4： \u5197\u4f59\u786c\u4ef6\u68c0\u6d4b： \u591a\u7535\u6e90\u6a21\u5757\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u68c0\u6d4b，\u5907\u7528\u7535\u6e90\u8fdb\u5165\u70ed\u5907\u72b6\u6001\u3002 \u591a\u7f51\u5361 Bonding\/Teaming \u914d\u7f6e\u6fc0\u6d3b，\u5197\u4f59\u98ce\u6247\u8f6c\u901f\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u3002 \u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316： BMC（\u57fa\u677f\u7ba1\u7406\u63a7\u5236\u5668）\u542f\u52a8，\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0e\u4e3b\u677f\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7684\u901a\u4fe1（\u6e29\u5ea6\u3001\u7535\u538b\u3001\u98ce\u6247\u8f6c\u901f），\u5f00\u542f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\u3002 \u6280\u672f\u8981\u70b9： \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7f51\u7edc（\u5982 IPMI \u603b\u7ebf）\u6545\u969c\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bef\u62a5\u786c\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001，\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0a\u7535\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002 \u5197\u4f59\u7535\u6e90\u5207\u6362\u903b\u8f91\u5f02\u5e38\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u77ac\u95f4\u65ad\u7535，\u89e6\u53d1\u91cd\u542f\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u4e0a\u7535\u5931\u8d25\u53ef\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u70b9\u5206\u6790<\/li>\n
  • \u7269\u7406\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u7535\u6e90\u5c42\u6545\u969c \u7535\u6e90\u8f93\u5165\u95ee\u9898： \u7535\u6e90\u7ebf\u63a5\u89e6\u4e0d\u826f\u3001\u7a7a\u5f00\u8df3\u95f8\u3001UPS \u7535\u6c60\u6545\u969c\u6216\u8f93\u5165\u7535\u538b\u8d85\u51fa\u89c4\u683c（\u5982 220V \u8bbe\u5907\u63a5\u5165 110V \u7535\u8def）\u3002 \u5197\u4f59\u7535\u6e90\u6a21\u5757\u540c\u65f6\u6545\u969c，\u6216\u5355\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u6545\u969c\u5bfc\u81f4 PG \u4fe1\u53f7\u65e0\u6cd5\u540c\u6b65\u8f93\u51fa\u3002 \u7535\u6e90\u6a21\u5757\u6545\u969c： \u5185\u90e8\u7535\u5bb9\u9f13\u5305\u3001\u98ce\u6247\u505c\u8f6c\u3001DC-DC \u8f6c\u6362\u7535\u8def\u635f\u574f，\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u7535\u538b\u8f93\u51fa\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u538b\u6ce2\u52a8\u3002 \u7535\u6e90\u6a21\u5757\u4e0e\u4e3b\u677f\u63a5\u53e3（\u5982 24pin ATX\u30018pin EPS）\u9488\u811a\u6c27\u5316\u3001\u5f2f\u66f2，\u9020\u6210\u4f9b\u7535\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e3b\u677f\u4e0e\u56fa\u4ef6\u5c42\u6545\u969c BIOS\/UEFI \u5f02\u5e38： \u56fa\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9（\u5982\u5347\u7ea7 BIOS \u540e\u672a\u540c\u6b65\u66f4\u65b0 CPU \u5fae\u7801），\u5bfc\u81f4\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5931\u8d25\u3002 BIOS \u7535\u6c60（CR2032）\u7535\u91cf\u8017\u5c3d，\u4e22\u5931\u542f\u52a8\u914d\u7f6e（\u5982\u5f15\u5bfc\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u53c2\u6570）\u3002 \u56fa\u4ef6\u6587\u4ef6\u635f\u574f（\u5982\u5237\u5199\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u65ad\u7535\u5bfc\u81f4 BIOS \u53d8\u7816），\u9700\u901a\u8fc7 JTAG \u6216\u4e13\u7528\u7f16\u7a0b\u5668\u4fee\u590d\u3002 \u4e3b\u677f\u786c\u4ef6\u6545\u969c： CPU \u63d2\u5ea7\u9488\u811a\u5f2f\u66f2\u3001\u6c27\u5316，\u5bfc\u81f4 CPU \u63a5\u89e6\u4e0d\u826f（\u5e38\u89c1\u4e8e\u9891\u7e41\u62c6\u88c5\u573a\u666f）\u3002 \u5185\u5b58\u63d2\u69fd\u6545\u969c：\u5355\u4e2a\u63d2\u69fd\u635f\u574f\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u5b58\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b，\u6216\u5185\u5b58\u9891\u7387 \/ \u65f6\u5e8f\u4e0e CPU \u4e0d\u5339\u914d（\u9700\u53c2\u8003 QVL \u5217\u8868）\u3002 \u5357\u6865 \/ \u5317\u6865\u82af\u7247\u8fc7\u70ed\u6216\u710a\u76d8\u865a\u63a5，\u5f15\u53d1 POST \u4e2d\u65ad（\u5e38\u4f34\u968f\u4e3b\u677f\u8fc7\u70ed\u62a5\u8b66）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5173\u952e\u786c\u4ef6\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6545\u969c CPU \u4e0e\u5185\u5b58\u95ee\u9898： CPU \u8fc7\u70ed：\u6563\u70ed\u98ce\u6247\u505c\u8f6c\u3001\u7845\u8102\u8001\u5316\u6216\u6563\u70ed\u5668\u5b89\u88c5\u677e\u52a8，\u89e6\u53d1\u8fc7\u70ed\u4fdd\u62a4（Thermal Throttle）\u3002 \u5185\u5b58\u6545\u969c：\u5355\u6761\u5185\u5b58\u9897\u7c92\u635f\u574f\u5bfc\u81f4 POST \u62a5\u9519（\u5982 ECC \u5185\u5b58\u7684\u53cc\u4f4d\u9519\u8bef），\u6216\u591a\u901a\u9053\u5185\u5b58\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef（\u5bb9\u91cf \/ \u9891\u7387\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4）\u3002 \u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u6269\u5c55\u8bbe\u5907\u95ee\u9898： RAID \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u6545\u969c：\u56fa\u4ef6\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u635f\u574f\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bc6\u522b\u78c1\u76d8，\u6216 RAID \u914d\u7f6e\u4e22\u5931（\u5982\u7535\u6c60\u5907\u4efd\u5355\u5143\u5931\u6548）\u3002 \u542f\u52a8\u76d8\u6545\u969c：SSD\/HDD \u7269\u7406\u574f\u9053\u3001\u5f15\u5bfc\u5206\u533a\u635f\u574f（\u5982 MBR \u88ab\u75c5\u6bd2\u7be1\u6539），\u6216\u78c1\u76d8\u63a5\u53e3（SATA\/SAS）\u677e\u52a8\u3002 PCIe \u8bbe\u5907\u51b2\u7a81：\u6269\u5c55\u5361（\u5982 HBA \u5361\u3001GPU）\u4e0e\u4e3b\u677f\u63d2\u69fd\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898，\u6216\u8bbe\u5907\u56fa\u4ef6\u5f02\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u679a\u4e3e\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e0e\u914d\u7f6e\u5c42\u6545\u969c \u5f15\u5bfc\u914d\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef： \u5f15\u5bfc\u987a\u5e8f\u9519\u8bef：BIOS \u4e2d\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u542f\u52a8\u76d8（\u5982\u4f18\u5148 PXE \u7f51\u7edc\u5f15\u5bfc，\u800c\u65e0\u53ef\u7528 DHCP \u670d\u52a1\u5668）\u3002 \u5f15\u5bfc\u6587\u4ef6\u635f\u574f：\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u7f3a\u5931（\u5982 grub.cfg \u9519\u8bef）\u3001UEFI \u5f15\u5bfc\u9879\u5931\u6548（\u9700\u91cd\u5efa\u5f15\u5bfc\u8bb0\u5f55）\u3002 \u7cfb\u7edf\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898： \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u4e0e\u786c\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9（\u5982\u65e7\u7248 Linux \u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u65b0\u578b\u53f7 NIC \u5361），\u5bfc\u81f4\u5185\u6838 panic\u3002 \u56fa\u4ef6\u4e0e OS \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u51b2\u7a81：\u5982\u5f00\u542f Secure Boot \u540e\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u7b7e\u540d\u9a71\u52a8，\u5bfc\u81f4\u5f15\u5bfc\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002<\/li>\n
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