{"id":36189,"date":"2025-05-08T08:20:40","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T00:20:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/36189.html"},"modified":"2025-05-08T08:20:40","modified_gmt":"2025-05-08T00:20:40","slug":"%e4%ba%91%e5%ad%98%e5%82%a8%e5%85%83%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84%e8%81%8c%e8%b4%a3%e3%80%81%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e4%b8%8e%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e8%a6%81%e4%b9%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/36189.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u5143\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u804c\u8d23\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u4e0e\u5b9e\u73b0\u8981\u4e49"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u2014\u2014\u517c\u8bba\u5178\u578b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u4e0e\u7b80\u6613\u539f\u578b\u4ee3\u7801<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u4f53\u7cfb\u91cc，**\u5143\u6570\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668（Metadata\u00a0Server，\u7b80\u79f0\u00a0MDS）**\u4e13\u95e8\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u6743\u9650\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u5c5e\u6027\u7b49metadata，\u800c\u628a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757\u4ea4\u7531\u6570\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u8bfb\u5199\u65f6\u90fd\u628a\u5c0f\u800c\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u5927\u800c\u7a00\u758f\u7684payload\u6df7\u6742，\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u8ba9\u5b58\u50a8\u96c6\u7fa4\u80fd\u591f\u72ec\u7acb\u6269\u5bb9\u6570\u636e\u9762\u4e0e\u63a7\u5236\u9762，\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u541e\u5410\u3001\u7b80\u5316\u7ba1\u7406\u5e76\u589e\u5f3a\u53ef\u7528\u6027(ResearchGate, AWS Documentation, Google Cloud)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5206\u79bb\u52a8\u673a<\/h3>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662fmetadata<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d，metadata\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u76ee\u5f55\u5c42\u7ea7\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001ACL\u3001\u590d\u5236\u56e0\u5b50\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u7ea7\u522b\u7b49\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5bf9，\u800c\u4e0d\u542b\u771f\u5b9e\u5b57\u8282\u6d41\u3002Google\u00a0File\u00a0System\u00a0(GFS)\u00a0\u539f\u8bba\u6587\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3anamespace\u00a0state\u4e0eblock\u00a0mapping(GeeksforGeeks)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4f55\u8981\u72ec\u7acb\u51fa MDS<\/h4>\n

\u6570\u636e\u5757\u53ef\u80fd\u8fbe\u00a0TB\u00a0\u7ea7，\u4f46\u4e00\u6b21rename\u6216chmod\u53ea\u4fee\u6539\u51e0\u4e2a\u00a0byte\u00a0\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8ba9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u6392\u961f\u7b49\u5f85\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u70b9\u54cd\u5e94，\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u9501\u4e89\u7528\u90fd\u4f1a\u653e\u5927\u3002\u5206\u79bb\u540e，MDS\u00a0\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u7ef4\u62a4\u6781\u5c0f\u7d22\u5f15，\u5e76\u628a\u5927\u541e\u5410\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u7559\u7ed9\u5bf9\u8c61\/\u5757\u8282\u70b9，\u5178\u578b\u5982 Lustre\u00a0\u628a\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u5b58\u653e\u5728 Metadata\u00a0Targets (MDT)，\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u843d\u5728 Object\u202fStorage\u00a0Targets (OST)(Lustre Wiki)\u3002<\/p>\n

MDS \u5728\u4e91\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u804c\u8d23<\/h3>\n\n\u804c\u8d23\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7ba1\u7406<\/td>\n\u7ef4\u62a4\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u3001\u5bf9\u8c61\u952e\u7b49\u5c42\u6b21\u6216\u6241\u5e73\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6743\u9650\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168<\/td>\n\u4fdd\u5b58\u00a0POSIX\u202fmode\u3001ACL\u3001\u79df\u6237\u914d\u989d\u3001\u52a0\u5bc6\u5143\u4fe1\u606f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6620\u5c04\u4e0e\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/td>\n\u628a\u903b\u8f91\u00a0inode\u00a0\u6216\u5bf9\u8c61\u952e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u6570\u636e\u5757 \/\u00a0\u5206\u7247\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5e76\u53d1\u63a7\u5236<\/td>\n\u63d0\u4f9b\u00a0lock\u00a0\/\u00a0capability\u00a0\u6216\u4e50\u89c2\u7248\u672c\u53f7，\u4fdd\u969c\u591a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e00\u81f4\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u53d8\u66f4\u65e5\u5fd7<\/td>\n\u4ee5\u00a0journal\u3001edits\u00a0\u6216\u00a0Raft\u00a0log\u00a0\u5f62\u5f0f\u8ffd\u52a0\u5199，\u4f9b\u91cd\u653e\u548c\u5feb\u7167<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5728 CephFS，\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u00a0MDS\u00a0\u96c6\u7fa4\u8fd8\u8981\u4e3a\u70ed\u76ee\u5f55\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u7247，\u4ee5\u514d\u5355\u4e00\u8282\u70b9\u8fc7\u8f7d(Red Hat Documentation, USENIX)；\u800c\u5728 HDFS，NameNode\u00a0\u627f\u62c5\u7c7b\u4f3c\u89d2\u8272，\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5355\u70b9，\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7 Federation\u00a0\u6216 Router\u2011Based\u00a0Federation\u00a0\u62c6\u5206\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4(Apache Hadoop, Apache Hadoop, Cloudera Community)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5178\u578b\u67b6\u6784\u6f14\u8fdb<\/h3>\n

\u5355\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u65b9\u6848<\/h4>\n

\u65e9\u671f\u00a0GFS\u00a0\u548c Hadoop\u00a00.x \u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6，\u5168\u90e8\u5143\u6570\u636e\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u53f0\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d，\u8fd9\u5927\u5e45\u7b80\u5316\u5b9e\u73b0，\u4f46\u5728\u8282\u70b9\u5b95\u673a\u65f6\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1，\u4e14\u5bb9\u91cf\u53d7\u9650\u4e8e\u5355\u673a\u5185\u5b58(GeeksforGeeks, WIRED)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u5907\u4e0e\u70ed\u8fc1\u79fb<\/h4>\n

Lustre\u00a0\u4e0e IBM\u00a0Spectrum\u00a0Scale\u00a0\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5143\u6570\u636e\u65e5\u5fd7\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u540e\u5907\u8282\u70b9，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u00a0replay\u00a0\u6216\u53cc\u6d3b\u534f\u8bae\u5feb\u901f\u63a5\u7ba1，\u5b9e\u73b0\u00a0HA(Lustre Wiki, IBM – United States)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u591a\u4e3b\u8282\u70b9\u4e0e\u5f39\u6027\u5206\u7247<\/h4>\n

CephFS\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7ec4\u00a0MDS，\u6309\u5b50\u6811\u54c8\u5e0c\u52a8\u6001\u8fc1\u79fb\u201c\u7247\u201d，\u8fbe\u5230\u6c34\u5e73\u6269\u5bb9；Google\u00a0Colossus\u00a0\u8ba9\u591a Master \u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u5757\u7d22\u5f15，\u6d88\u9664\u4e86\u5355\u70b9\u74f6\u9888(Red Hat Documentation, WIRED)\u3002HDFS\u00a0\u7684 Router\u2011Federation\u00a0\u5219\u5728\u4e0a\u5c42\u589e\u52a0\u903b\u8f91\u8def\u7531，\u628a\u591a\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u62fc\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u89c6\u56fe(Apache Hadoop)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u573a\u666f<\/h4>\n

\u5728 Amazon\u00a0S3\u3001Google\u00a0Cloud\u00a0Storage\u3001Azure\u00a0Blob\u00a0\u91cc，\u5e76\u65e0\u7ecf\u5178\u201c\u6587\u4ef6\u6811\u201d，\u4f46\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4ecd\u4fdd\u5b58\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf \/\u00a0\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49metadata\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5e38\u7528\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u952e\u503c\u6570\u636e\u5e93（Dynamo\u3001Spanner\u3001Cosmos\u00a0DB\u202f\u7b49）\u5b58\u50a8，\u8bfb\u5199\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u524d\u7aef\u7f51\u5173\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934，\u4ece\u800c\u96f6\u505c\u673a\u6eda\u52a8\u5347\u7ea7(AWS Documentation, Google Cloud, Microsoft Learn)\u3002OpenStack\u00a0Swift\u00a0\u501f\u52a9 Ring \u4e0e Proxy\u2011Server\u00a0\u628a\u5143\u6570\u636e\u6563\u5217\u5230\u591a account\/container\u00a0\u8282\u70b9，\u5b9e\u73b0\u65e0\u96c6\u4e2d\u74f6\u9888(OpenStack Docs, OpenStack Docs)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65b0\u5174\u8f7b\u91cf\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h4>\n

SeaweedFS\u00a0\u628a\u5143\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u505a\u6210\u65e0\u72b6\u6001 Filer，\u540e\u7aef\u53ef\u63d2\u591a\u79cd\u00a0KV\u00a0\u5b58\u50a8；Haystack\u00a0\u7d22\u6027\u5c06\u51e0\u767e\u4e07\u56fe\u7247\u5143\u6570\u636e\u538b\u7f29\u5230\u5355\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7d22\u5f15\u6761\u76ee，\u6781\u7aef\u5730\u51cf\u5c0f\u4e86\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4f53\u79ef(SeaweedFS, GitHub, Engineering at Meta)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u4e0e\u74f6\u9888\u7f13\u89e3<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n

    \u5206\u533a\u4e0e\u6811\u578b\u62c6\u5206：Ceph\u00a0\u5bf9\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u505a\u70ed\u70b9\u8ddf\u8e2a，\u518d\u628a\u5fd9\u788c\u5b50\u6811\u8fc1\u79fb\u51fa\u7e41\u5fd9\u8282\u70b9，\u63d0\u5347\u5e76\u884c\u5ea6(Red Hat Documentation)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7f13\u5b58：FAST\u00a0\u201822\u00a0\u63d0\u51fa\u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u8bbf\u95ee\u7ed3\u679c\u7f13\u5b58\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e76\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5931\u6548\u5e7f\u64ad，\u628a\u9ad8\u9891 read\u00a0\u5438\u6536\u5728\u8fb9\u7f18(USENIX)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u65e5\u5fd7\u65e0\u9501\u5316：SingularFS\u00a0\u8ba9\u591a\u6570\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d8\u6210\u7eaf\u5185\u5b58\u00a0CAS，\u51cf\u5c11\u5199\u653e\u5927，\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u53ef\u652f\u6301\u5341\u4ebf\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55(USENIX)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u8def\u7531\u5c42\u5f39\u6027：HopsFS\u3001HopsFS\u20114K \u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\u628a\u5355 NameNode\u00a0\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u00a0RAFT\u00a0\u5c0f\u5206\u7247，\u5e76\u5c06\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u8fdb\u00a0NDB\u00a0\u6216\u00a0MySQL\u00a0\u96c6\u7fa4，\u7ebf\u6027\u6269\u5bb9(Hopsworks – The Real-time AI Lakehouse)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u673a\u5236<\/h3>\n
  • \n

    Write\u2011Ahead\u00a0Logging：HDFS\u00a0edits\u00a0log\u3001Ceph\u00a0Journal\u00a0\u90fd\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u628a\u64cd\u4f5c\u8ffd\u52a0\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u591a\u526f\u672c\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u590d\u5236\u4e0e\u4ef2\u88c1：\u5178\u578b\u91c7\u7528\u00a0Paxos \/\u00a0Raft\u00a0\u5171\u8bc6\u540c\u6b65\u5143\u6570\u636e\u72b6\u6001，\u6216\u76f4\u63a5\u540c\u6b65\u78c1\u76d8\u955c\u50cf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5feb\u7167\u4e0e\u65f6\u95f4\u70b9\u6062\u590d：CephFS\u3001SeaweedFS\u00a0\u5b9a\u671f\u5bfc\u51fa\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5feb\u7167，\u4ee5\u4fbf\u79bb\u7ebf\u5907\u4efd\u6216\u8de8\u7ad9\u707e\u5907(SeaweedFS)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    \u793a\u4f8b：\u6781\u7b80 REST\u2011MDS \u539f\u578b<\/h3>\n

    \u4ee5\u4e0b Python\u00a0\u811a\u672c\u57fa\u4e8e\u00a0Flask\u00a0\u4e0e\u00a0Etcd3，\u6f14\u793a\u5728\u591a\u526f\u672c\u00a0KV\u00a0\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u5bf9\u8c61\u952e\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u542f\u52a8\u591a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u65f6\u5373\u53ef\u6d4b\u8bd5PUT\/GET\/DELETE\u5b8c\u6574\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

    # file: simple_mds.py
    \nimport uuid, json
    \nfrom flask import Flask, request, abort
    \nimport etcd3<\/p>\n

    app = Flask(__name__)
    \netcd = etcd3.client(host='localhost', port=2379)<\/p>\n

    NAMESPACE = "\/mds\/objects\/"<\/p>\n

    def _key(obj_key): return f"{NAMESPACE}{obj_key}"<\/p>\n

    @app.route('\/object\/<path:key>', methods=['PUT'])
    \ndef put_metadata(key):
    \n body = request.get_json(force=True)
    \n if 'locations' not in body:
    \n abort(400, 'need locations')
    \n version = str(uuid.uuid4())
    \n meta = {'locations': body['locations'], 'ver': version}
    \n etcd.put(_key(key), json.dumps(meta))
    \n return {'status': 'ok', 'ver': version}, 201<\/p>\n

    @app.route('\/object\/<path:key>', methods=['GET'])
    \ndef get_metadata(key):
    \n value, _ = etcd.get(_key(key))
    \n if not value:
    \n abort(404)
    \n return json.loads(value)<\/p>\n

    @app.route('\/object\/<path:key>', methods=['DELETE'])
    \ndef del_metadata(key):
    \n etcd.delete(_key(key))
    \n return '', 204<\/p>\n

    if __name__ == '__main__':
    \n app.run(port=5000, debug=True)<\/p>\n

    \u6d4b\u8bd5\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n

    curl -X PUT -d '{"locations":["srv1:9000\/obj\/abc"]}' -H 'Content-Type: application\/json' http:\/\/localhost:5000\/object\/pic.jpg
    \ncurl http:\/\/localhost:5000\/object\/pic.jpg # \u67e5\u8be2
    \ncurl -X DELETE http:\/\/localhost:5000\/object\/pic.jpg<\/p>\n

    \u8be5\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a \u8bfb\u5199\u8def\u5f84\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u8def\u5f84\u5206\u79bb：\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5b8c\u6210\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u4f20\u540e，\u518d\u53bb srv1:9000 \u53d6payload\u3002\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u96c6\u7fa4\u91cc，\u53ef\u628a locations \u6362\u6210\u591a\u6761\u526f\u672c\u5e76\u7528\u4e00\u6bb5\u5c0f\u578b Raft\u00a0library\u00a0\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u672a\u6765\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • \n

      \u5341\u4ebf\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u6811\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861：\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u505c\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u6253\u6563\u70ed\u70b9\u4ecd\u662f\u7814\u7a76\u70ed\u70b9(USENIX)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

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