\n- SSH \u767b\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u7f16\u8f91 SSH \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/li>\n
- \u627e\u5230 PasswordAuthentication \u8fd9\u4e00\u884c，\u53d6\u6d88\u6ce8\u91ca（\u5220\u6389\u884c\u9996\u7684 #），\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u6539\u4e3a no\u3002\u786e\u4fdd PubkeyAuthentication \u662f yes\u3002 PubkeyAuthentication yes PasswordAuthentication no # \u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u5c06 ChallengeResponseAuthentication \u8bbe\u4e3a no ChallengeResponseAuthentication no<\/li>\n
- \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u91cd\u542f SSH \u670d\u52a1： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo sshd -t sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/li>\n
- \u91cd\u8981： \u91cd\u542f\u540e，\u4fdd\u6301\u5f53\u524d SSH \u8fde\u63a5**\u4e0d\u8981\u65ad\u5f00**，\u53e6\u5916\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u7a97\u53e3，\u5c1d\u8bd5\u518d\u6b21\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u4e5f\u80fd\u6210\u529f，\u8bf4\u660e\u914d\u7f6e\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u4e86，\u8d76\u7d27\u56de\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7a97\u53e3\u628a\u914d\u7f6e\u6539\u56de\u53bb，\u5426\u5219\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u9501\u5728\u5916\u9762\u4e86！<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u662f\u63d0\u5347 SSH \u5b89\u5168\u6027\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4e00\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
4. \u7981\u6b62 Root \u7528\u6237\u76f4\u63a5 SSH \u767b\u5f55<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ root \u8d26\u6237\u662f\u6240\u6709\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u9996\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u7981\u6b62\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u767b\u5f55，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u88ab\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u901a\u8fc7\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55，\u7136\u540e\u518d\u7528 `sudo` \u83b7\u53d6\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
- \u7f16\u8f91 SSH \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/li>\n
- \u627e\u5230 PermitRootLogin \u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u53d6\u6d88\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u503c\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a no (\u5b8c\u5168\u7981\u6b62) \u6216\u8005 prohibit-password (\u7981\u6b62\u5bc6\u7801\u767b\u5f55，\u4f46\u4ecd\u5141\u8bb8\u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55 – \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981 root \u5bc6\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u8bdd，\u4f46\u4e0d\u63a8\u8350)\u3002\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f no\u3002 PermitRootLogin no<\/li>\n
- \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u91cd\u542f SSH \u670d\u52a1： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo sshd -t sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/li>\n
\u4e4b\u540e，\u4f60\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u76f4\u63a5\u7528 root \u7528\u6237\u540d\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
5. \u4fee\u6539\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 SSH \u7aef\u53e3 (\u53ef\u9009，\u4f46\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u597d\u5904)<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8003\u8651\u4fee\u6539？ SSH \u9ed8\u8ba4\u76d1\u542c 22 \u7aef\u53e3，\u8fd9\u662f\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\u7684\u3002\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u5927\u91cf\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u626b\u63cf\u5de5\u5177，\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u4e0d\u505c\u5730\u626b\u63cf\u516c\u7f51 IP \u7684 22 \u7aef\u53e3，\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8fdb\u884c\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u3002\u5c06 SSH \u7aef\u53e3\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u3001\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7aef\u53e3（\u4f8b\u5982 10000-65535 \u4e4b\u95f4），\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u6709\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u7684\u653b\u51fb，\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u201c\u8eb2\u5f00\u201d\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u626b\u63cf\u6d41\u91cf，\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684 SSH \u65e5\u5fd7\u6e05\u51c0\u5f88\u591a，\u4e5f\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u88ab\u521d\u7ea7\u653b\u51fb\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u9760\u9690\u853d (Security through obscurity)\u201d\u7684\u7b56\u7565，\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u662f\u7ec8\u6781\u5b89\u5168，\u4f46\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f85\u52a9\u624b\u6bb5\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
- \u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4d\u7aef\u53e3，\u4f8b\u5982 2222 \u6216 10022 (\u8bf7\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u6ca1\u88ab\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5360\u7528)\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u7f16\u8f91 SSH \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/li>\n
- \u627e\u5230 #Port 22 \u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u53d6\u6d88\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5e76\u5c06 22 \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4f60\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u65b0\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u4f8b\u5982 Port 10022\u3002 Port 10022<\/li>\n
- \u4fdd\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u91cd\u8981：\u5728\u91cd\u542f SSH \u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d，\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u5141\u8bb8\u65b0\u7684\u7aef\u53e3！ \u5426\u5219\u4f60\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u9501\u5728\u5916\u9762\u3002 [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] # UFW \u793a\u4f8b sudo ufw allow 10022\/tcp # FirewallD \u793a\u4f8b sudo firewall-cmd –permanent –add-port=10022\/tcp sudo firewall-cmd –reload<\/li>\n
- \u786e\u8ba4\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u751f\u6548\u540e，\u9a8c\u8bc1\u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u91cd\u542f SSH \u670d\u52a1： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo sshd -t sudo systemctl restart sshd<\/li>\n
- \u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b0\u7aef\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5： \u4fdd\u6301\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5，\u53e6\u5916\u6253\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef，\u4f7f\u7528 -p \u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u65b0\u7aef\u53e3\u8fdb\u884c\u8fde\u63a5： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] ssh your_username@YOUR_SERVER_IP -p 10022 \u5982\u679c\u80fd\u6210\u529f\u8fde\u63a5，\u8bf4\u660e\u4fee\u6539\u6210\u529f！<\/li>\n
- （\u53ef\u9009）\u786e\u8ba4\u65b0\u7aef\u53e3\u7a33\u5b9a\u53ef\u7528\u540e，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u5173\u95ed\u65e7\u7684 22 \u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n
6. \u914d\u7f6e\u57fa\u7840\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219 (UFW \/ FirewallD)<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9053\u7f51\u7edc\u9632\u7ebf\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u63a7\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\u5141\u8bb8\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee，\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219，\u6216\u8005\u89c4\u5219\u5f88\u5bbd\u677e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u5b83，\u9075\u5faa\u201c\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u201d\u539f\u5219，\u53ea\u5f00\u653e\u90a3\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7aef\u53e3（\u6bd4\u5982\u4f60\u521a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684 SSH \u7aef\u53e3\u3001Web \u670d\u52a1\u7684 80\/443 \u7aef\u53e3\u7b49）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c（\u4ee5 UFW \u4e3a\u4f8b，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Ubuntu\/Debian）：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
- \u68c0\u67e5 UFW \u72b6\u6001（\u901a\u5e38\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f inactive）： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo ufw status<\/li>\n
- \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u89c4\u5219：\u901a\u5e38\u5efa\u8bae\u9ed8\u8ba4\u62d2\u7edd\u6240\u6709\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5，\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo ufw default deny incoming sudo ufw default allow outgoing<\/li>\n
- \u5141\u8bb8\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u8fde\u63a5（**\u52a1\u5fc5\u5148\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u7684 SSH \u7aef\u53e3！**）： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] # \u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 SSH \u7aef\u53e3 (\u66ff\u6362 10022 \u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u7aef\u53e3) sudo ufw allow 10022\/tcp # \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c Web \u670d\u52a1，\u5141\u8bb8 HTTP \u548c HTTPS sudo ufw allow 80\/tcp comment 'HTTP' sudo ufw allow 443\/tcp comment 'HTTPS' # \u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1，\u6bd4\u5982 OpenVPN \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 # sudo ufw allow 1194\/udp # \u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u7279\u5b9a IP \u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3 # sudo ufw allow from \u4f60\u7684\u4fe1\u4efbIP to any port 10022 proto tcp<\/li>\n
- \u542f\u7528 UFW \u9632\u706b\u5899： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo ufw enable \u5b83\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e2d\u65ad\u73b0\u6709\u8fde\u63a5，\u8f93\u5165 y \u786e\u8ba4\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u518d\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5\u72b6\u6001，\u786e\u4fdd\u89c4\u5219\u5df2\u751f\u6548： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo ufw status verbose<\/li>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e CentOS\/RHEL \u7528\u6237： \u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 `firewalld`\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u8def\u7c7b\u4f3c：`sudo systemctl start firewalld`, `sudo systemctl enable firewalld`, \u4f7f\u7528 `sudo firewall-cmd –permanent –add-service=ssh` (\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3) \u6216 `–add-port=10022\/tcp` \u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219，\u6700\u540e `sudo firewall-cmd –reload`\u3002\u8bf7\u67e5\u9605 `firewalld` \u7684\u6587\u6863\u83b7\u53d6\u8be6\u7ec6\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
7. \u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u4f60\u62ff\u5230\u7684\u201c\u65b0\u201d\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5176\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u9884\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u65e7\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f80\u5f80\u5305\u542b\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6f0f\u6d1e，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u662f\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6700\u559c\u6b22\u5229\u7528\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u3002\u5728\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u505a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b，\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6253\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
[\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u5bf9\u4e8e Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf
\nsudo apt update # \u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868
\nsudo apt upgrade -y # \u5347\u7ea7\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n
# \u5bf9\u4e8e CentOS\/RHEL \u7cfb\u7edf
\nsudo yum update -y # \u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0\u6240\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e9b\u65f6\u95f4，\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5305\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5b9a\u671f\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
8. \u79fb\u9664\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u8d8a\u591a，\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u9762\u5c31\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u9884\u88c5\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u955c\u50cf\u91cc，\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f60\u6839\u672c\u7528\u4e0d\u5230\u7684\u670d\u52a1（\u6bd4\u5982\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668 postfix, \u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab samba, \u751a\u81f3\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u76f8\u5173\u7ec4\u4ef6）\u3002\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u79fb\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6，\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6，\u964d\u4f4e\u88ab\u6f0f\u6d1e\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
- \u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo systemctl list-units –type=service –state=running # \u6216\u8005\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u670d\u52a1 sudo ss -tulnp \u770b\u770b\u5217\u8868\u91cc\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u4f60\u4e0d\u8ba4\u8bc6\u6216\u8005\u786e\u5b9a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1？<\/li>\n
- \u5378\u8f7d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305：\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u786e\u8ba4\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1（\u6bd4\u5982 `postfix` \u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1）\u4f60\u7528\u4e0d\u5230，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5378\u8f7d\u5b83\u53ca\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5305\u3002 [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] # Debian\/Ubuntu \u793a\u4f8b sudo systemctl stop postfix sudo systemctl disable postfix # \u7981\u6b62\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f sudo apt purge postfix -y # \u5f7b\u5e95\u5378\u8f7d\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 sudo apt autoremove -y # \u79fb\u9664\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56 # CentOS\/RHEL \u793a\u4f8b sudo systemctl stop postfix sudo systemctl disable postfix sudo yum remove postfix -y sudo yum autoremove -y<\/li>\n
\u5378\u8f7d\u524d\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u786e\u8ba4\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u60a8\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684，\u5e76\u4e14\u6ca1\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u670d\u52a1\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7981\u7528 (`sudo systemctl disable service_name`) \u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5378\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
<\/li> <\/p>\n
\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u201c\u5e72\u51c0\u201d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u610f\u5473\u7740\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
9. \u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0 (\u53ef\u9009，\u4f46\u63a8\u8350)<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u624b\u52a8\u6267\u884c `apt upgrade` \u6216 `yum update` \u5f88\u597d，\u4f46\u4f60\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u8bb0\u5f97\u505a\u5417？\u5f88\u591a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u9700\u8981\u5c3d\u5feb\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u914d\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0，\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u59cb\u7ec8\u5904\u4e8e\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001，\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u672a\u53ca\u65f6\u6253\u8865\u4e01\u800c\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c (\u4ee5 Ubuntu\/Debian \u7684 `unattended-upgrades` \u4e3a\u4f8b):<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
- \u5b89\u88c5\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u5305： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo apt update sudo apt install unattended-upgrades update-notifier-common -y<\/li>\n
- \u542f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo dpkg-reconfigure –priority=low unattended-upgrades \u5728\u5f39\u51fa\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u9009\u62e9\u201c\u662f (Yes)\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n
- （\u53ef\u9009）\u5fae\u8c03\u914d\u7f6e：\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/apt\/apt.conf.d\/50unattended-upgrades \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u7c7b\u578b（\u6bd4\u5982\u53ea\u5b89\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0）\u3001\u662f\u5426\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\u7b49\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u5b89\u88c5\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0，\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u59a5\u3002<\/li>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e CentOS\/RHEL \u7528\u6237： \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 `yum-cron` \u5305\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u914d\u7f6e \/etc\/yum\/yum-cron.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u66f4\u65b0\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u901a\u77e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u7701\u5fc3\u4e0d\u5c11，\u4f46\u4e5f\u8981\u6ce8\u610f，\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u81ea\u52a8\u66f4\u65b0\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee\u9898，\u9700\u8981\u6743\u8861\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
10. \u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e Fail2ban<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u6b63\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u8ba8\u8bba SSH \u5b89\u5168\u65f6\u63d0\u5230\u7684，\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5c1d\u8bd5\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3 SSH \u5bc6\u7801\u6216 Web \u5e94\u7528\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u53f0\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u3002Fail2ban \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\u9632\u5fa1\u5de5\u5177，\u5b83\u80fd\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7（\u5982 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49），\u5f53\u53d1\u73b0\u67d0\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6709\u591a\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u65f6，\u5c31\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899（\u5982 iptables, firewalld, ufw）\u5c06\u8be5 IP \u4e34\u65f6（\u6216\u6c38\u4e45）\u5c01\u7981\u3002\u8fd9\u80fd\u6781\u5927\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u88ab\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u6210\u529f\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
- \u5b89\u88c5 Fail2ban： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] # Debian\/Ubuntu sudo apt update && sudo apt install fail2ban -y # CentOS\/RHEL (\u9700\u8981 EPEL \u6e90) sudo yum install epel-release -y sudo yum install fail2ban -y<\/li>\n
- \u542f\u7528\u5e76\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo systemctl enable fail2ban sudo systemctl start fail2ban<\/li>\n
- \u914d\u7f6e Fail2ban（\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4）：\n
\n- Fail2ban \u7684\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.conf，\u4f46**\u4e0d\u8981\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u5b83**，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\u4f1a\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5728 \/etc\/fail2ban\/ \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u901a\u5e38\u662f jail.local\u3002\u590d\u5236\u4e00\u4efd\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d77\u70b9： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo cp \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.conf \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local<\/li>\n
- \u7f16\u8f91 jail.local \u6587\u4ef6 (sudo nano \/etc\/fail2ban\/jail.local)，\u627e\u5230 [DEFAULT] \u6bb5\u843d\u548c\u5404\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1（\u5982 [sshd]）\u7684\u6bb5\u843d\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8：\n
\n- bantime: \u5c01\u7981\u65f6\u957f（\u4f8b\u5982 10m \u8868\u793a10\u5206\u949f，1h \u8868\u793a1\u5c0f\u65f6，-1 \u8868\u793a\u6c38\u4e45）\u3002<\/li>\n
- findtime: \u67e5\u627e\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n
- maxretry: \u5728 findtime \u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n
- [sshd] \u6bb5\u843d\u4e0b\u7684 enabled = true: \u786e\u4fdd SSH \u9632\u62a4\u662f\u5f00\u542f\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4fee\u6539\u4e86 SSH \u7aef\u53e3，\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 port = ssh \u4e3a port = \u4f60\u7684\u65b0\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u542f\u7528\u5bf9 Nginx, Apache, Postfix \u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u9632\u62a4（\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u6bb5\u843d，\u8bbe\u7f6e enabled = true，\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u65e5\u5fd7\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u914d\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u540e，\u91cd\u542f Fail2ban \u670d\u52a1\u4f7f\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u6548： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo systemctl restart fail2ban<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- \u68c0\u67e5 Fail2ban \u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5c01\u7981\u5217\u8868： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] sudo fail2ban-client status # \u67e5\u770b\u5df2\u542f\u7528\u7684 jail sudo fail2ban-client status sshd # \u67e5\u770b sshd jail \u7684\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u5df2\u5c01\u7981 IP<\/li>\n
（\u5173\u4e8e Fail2ban \u7684\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528，\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u7eed\u4f1a\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd）<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
11. \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u4e86\u89e3\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5230\u5e95\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u201c\u6253\u5f00\u201d\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u201c\u95e8\u201d（\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3），\u662f\u8bc4\u4f30\u5b89\u5168\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1，\u4e5f\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u5165\u53e3\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u4fdd\u7559\u90a3\u4e9b\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 ss \u547d\u4ee4（\u6bd4\u65e7\u7684 `netstat` \u66f4\u63a8\u8350）\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u7684 TCP \u548c UDP \u7aef\u53e3\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u670d\u52a1：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
[\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
sudo ss -tulnp<\/p>\n
\n- -t: \u663e\u793a TCP sockets<\/li>\n
- -u: \u663e\u793a UDP sockets<\/li>\n
- -l: \u53ea\u663e\u793a\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\u7684 sockets<\/li>\n
- -n: \u4e0d\u89e3\u6790\u670d\u52a1\u540d，\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7<\/li>\n
- -p: \u663e\u793a\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c：\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u670d\u52a1（\u770b `Process` \u5217）\u5728\u76d1\u542c？\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u4f60\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5916（\u6216\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc）\u66b4\u9732\u7684\u5417？\u5982\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u672a\u77e5\u6216\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3，\u5e94\u8be5\u56de\u5230\u7b2c 8 \u6b65\u5c06\u5176\u7981\u7528\u6216\u5378\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
12. \u719f\u6089\u5e76\u5b9a\u671f\u67e5\u770b\u5173\u952e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u201c\u9ed1\u5323\u5b50\u201d，\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3001\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u505c\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7b49\u3002\u517b\u6210\u5b9a\u671f\u67e5\u770b\u5173\u952e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u4e60\u60ef，\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4f60\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u6545\u969c，\u751a\u81f3\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5165\u4fb5\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5173\u952e\u65e5\u5fd7（\u8def\u5f84\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7565\u6709\u4e0d\u540c）：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \/var\/log\/auth.log (Debian\/Ubuntu) \u6216 \/var\/log\/secure (CentOS\/RHEL): \u8bb0\u5f55\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u3001\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5c1d\u8bd5（\u5305\u62ec SSH \u6210\u529f\u548c\u5931\u8d25）\u3001sudo \u4f7f\u7528\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8！<\/li>\n
- \/var\/log\/syslog (Debian\/Ubuntu) \u6216 \/var\/log\/messages (CentOS\/RHEL): \u8bb0\u5f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u5305\u62ec\u5185\u6838\u6d88\u606f\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u505c\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u9519\u8bef\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
- \/var\/log\/nginx\/, \/var\/log\/apache2\/, \/var\/log\/httpd\/: Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u65e5\u5fd7\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n
- \/var\/log\/mysql\/, \/var\/log\/mariadb\/, \/var\/log\/postgresql\/: \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n
- \/var\/log\/fail2ban.log: Fail2ban \u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u5c01\u7981\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n
- dmesg \u547d\u4ee4: \u663e\u793a\u5185\u6838\u73af\u5f62\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9，\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6392\u67e5\u786c\u4ef6\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u542f\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
- journalctl \u547d\u4ee4 (systemd \u7cfb\u7edf): \u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u67e5\u8be2\u5de5\u5177，\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u7ea7\u522b\u7b49\u8fc7\u6ee4\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 journalctl -u sshd -n 50 \u67e5\u770b sshd \u670d\u52a1\u6700\u8fd1 50 \u6761\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b： \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 cat, less, more, tail -n 100, tail -f (\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7), grep (\u641c\u7d22\u5173\u952e\u8bcd) \u7b49\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u548c\u5206\u6790\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u719f\u6089\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5185\u5bb9，\u662f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u683c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
13. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u65f6\u533a\u5e76\u542f\u7528 NTP \u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u91cd\u8981？ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e，\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u6df7\u4e71，\u96be\u4ee5\u6392\u67e5\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u987a\u5e8f\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u9898；\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1 (Cron Job) \u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6267\u884c；SSL \u8bc1\u4e66\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u9519；\u5728\u96c6\u7fa4\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u534f\u4f5c\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 NTP (Network Time Protocol) \u81ea\u52a8\u540c\u6b65\u65f6\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u949f\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
- \u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u533a： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] timedatectl<\/li>\n
- \u5982\u679c\u65f6\u533a\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e，\u5217\u51fa\u53ef\u7528\u65f6\u533a (timedatectl list-timezones) \u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e： [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] # \u793a\u4f8b：\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e9a\u6d32\/\u4e0a\u6d77\u65f6\u533a sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia\/Shanghai<\/li>\n
- \u786e\u8ba4 NTP \u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u542f\u7528：timedatectl \u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u7684 NTP service: \u5e94\u8be5\u662f active\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f，\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 NTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef (\u5982 chrony \u6216 ntp) \u5e76\u542f\u7528\u5b83\u3002 [\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d] # \u793a\u4f8b：\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u542f\u7528 chrony (\u63a8\u8350) sudo apt update && sudo apt install chrony -y # Debian\/Ubuntu # sudo yum install chrony -y # CentOS\/RHEL sudo systemctl enable –now chronyd \u7136\u540e\u518d\u6b21\u7528 timedatectl \u786e\u8ba4 NTP \u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 chronyc sources -v \u67e5\u770b\u540c\u6b65\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/li>\n
14. (\u53ef\u9009\/\u8fdb\u9636) \u57fa\u7840\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u6574 (Kernel Hardening)<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8003\u8651？ Linux \u5185\u6838\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570（\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 sysctl \u547d\u4ee4\u8c03\u6574）\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8003\u8651\u8c03\u6574\u51e0\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u4e14\u98ce\u9669\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u793a\u4f8b (\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/sysctl.conf \u6216 \/etc\/sysctl.d\/ \u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6)：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
[\u63d0\u793a：\u8bf7\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u7c98\u8d34\u5230 WordPress \u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u7801\u201d\u533a\u5757\u4e2d]<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
# \u542f\u7528 SYN Cookies \u9632\u62a4 (\u901a\u5e38\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5f00\u542f)
\nnet.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1<\/p>\n
# \u7981\u7528 IP \u6e90\u8def\u7531 (\u9632\u6b62\u8def\u7531\u6b3a\u9a97)
\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0
\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0<\/p>\n
# \u7981\u7528 ICMP \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u63a5\u53d7 (\u9632\u6b62\u8def\u7531\u6b3a\u9a97)
\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0
\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = 0
\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = 0
\n# \u5bf9\u4e8e IPv6 \u4e5f\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8bbe\u7f6e
\nnet.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0
\nnet.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0<\/p>\n
# \u5f00\u542f\u53cd\u5411\u8def\u5f84\u8fc7\u6ee4 (\u5e2e\u52a9\u9632\u6b62 IP \u6b3a\u9a97)
\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1
\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1<\/p>\n
# \u5ffd\u7565\u6240\u6709 ICMP Echo \u8bf7\u6c42 (\u7981 Ping，\u53ef\u9009，\u6709\u5229\u6709\u5f0a)
\n# net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_all = 1<\/p>\n
\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u6267\u884c sudo sysctl -p \u4f7f\u5176\u751f\u6548\u3002\u6ce8\u610f： \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u6574\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u542b\u4e49，\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898，\u8bf7\u8c28\u614e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
15. \u522b\u5fd8\u4e86\u5907\u4efd！\u5907\u4efd！\u5907\u4efd！<\/h4>\n<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u538b\u8f74\u4f46\u6781\u5176\u91cd\u8981？ \u4ee5\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u201c\u9632\u60a3\u4e8e\u672a\u7136\u201d，\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u3002\u786c\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u6545\u969c，\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u672a\u77e5\u6f0f\u6d1e，\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002**\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u9053\u9632\u7ebf，\u662f\u707e\u96be\u53d1\u751f\u540e\u4f60\u80fd\u6062\u590d\u4e1a\u52a1\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u5e0c\u671b！**<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48：<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n- \u5236\u5b9a\u5907\u4efd\u7b56\u7565： \u660e\u786e\u9700\u8981\u5907\u4efd\u54ea\u4e9b\u6570\u636e（\u7f51\u7ad9\u6587\u4ef6？\u6570\u636e\u5e93？\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6？），\u5907\u4efd\u9891\u7387（\u6bcf\u5929？\u6bcf\u5468？），\u5907\u4efd\u4fdd\u7559\u5468\u671f\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u9009\u62e9\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u5f0f： \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u811a\u672c\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29 + rsync\/scp \u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\/\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u8f6f\u4ef6（\u5982 Bacula, Amanda）\u6216\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5b9e\u65bd\u5e76\u81ea\u52a8\u5316： \u5c06\u5907\u4efd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u9a8c\u8bc1\u5907\u4efd\u6709\u6548\u6027： \u5b9a\u671f\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u5907\u4efd\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\u5230\u6d4b\u8bd5\u73af\u5883，\u786e\u4fdd\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\u6ca1\u6709\u635f\u574f\u4e14\u6062\u590d\u6d41\u7a0b\u53ef\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n
- \u5f02\u5730\u5b58\u50a8： \u5173\u952e\u5907\u4efd\u6700\u597d\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0e\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7269\u7406\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u5730\u65b9（\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u673a\u623f\u3001\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4e91\u533a\u57df\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u79bb\u7ebf\u5b58\u50a8）\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u5907\u4efd\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u5236\u5b9a\u548c\u5b9e\u65bd\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742，\u503c\u5f97\u4e13\u95e8\u5199\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc，\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u5f3a\u8c03：**\u5728\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\u627f\u8f7d\u4efb\u4f55\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e\u4e4b\u524d，\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u89c4\u5212\u5e76\u5b9e\u65bd\u4f60\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5907\u4efd\u65b9\u6848！**<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n
\u7ed9\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u505a\u597d\u521d\u59cb\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e，\u5c31\u50cf\u7ed9\u521a\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u5a74\u513f\u6253\u597d\u9884\u9632\u9488\u4e00\u6837\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u867d\u7136\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u6b65\u9aa4\u6709\u70b9\u591a，\u4f46\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u7f6e（\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406\u3001SSH \u52a0\u56fa\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5907\u4efd），\u80fd\u4e3a\u4f60\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6253\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u575a\u5b9e\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u57fa\u7840，\u8ba9\u4f60\u5728\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6570\u5b57\u4e16\u754c\u91cc\u822a\u884c\u5f97\u66f4\u5b89\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
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