{"id":33489,"date":"2025-04-28T03:05:27","date_gmt":"2025-04-27T19:05:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/33489.html"},"modified":"2025-04-28T03:05:27","modified_gmt":"2025-04-27T19:05:27","slug":"%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95-ssh-%e8%bf%9c%e7%a8%8b%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e5%86%85%e7%bd%91%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/33489.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5982\u4f55 SSH \u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

SSH（\u5b89\u5168\u5916\u58f3\u534f\u8bae，Secure Shell Protocol）\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a0\u5bc6\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4f20\u8f93\u534f\u8bae，\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5，\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7535\u8111\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3a\u4f60\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 SSH \u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u51c6\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c<\/h3>\n

1.\u5b89\u88c5 SSH \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef：<\/h4>\n

-Windows \u7cfb\u7edf：\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\u867d\u7136\u4e5f\u652f\u6301 SSH，\u4f46\u4f53\u9a8c\u4e0d\u4f73，\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 Xshell \u7b49\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u4ece Xshell \u5b98\u7f51（https:\/\/www.netsarang.com\/zh\/xshell-download\/）\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u5305，\u6309\u7167\u63d0\u793a\u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5\u3002 -macOS \u7cfb\u7edf：\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26 SSH \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528，\u65e0\u9700\u989d\u5916\u5b89\u88c5\u3002 -Linux \u7cfb\u7edf：\u5927\u90e8\u5206 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u90fd\u81ea\u5e26 SSH \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165ssh -V\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u53ca\u7248\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u5728 Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4，\u82e5\u663e\u793a\u7248\u672c\u53f7，\u5982OpenSSH_8.2p1 Ubuntu-4ubuntu0.5, OpenSSL 1.1.1f 31 Mar 2020，\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u5b89\u88c5 SSH \u670d\u52a1\u7aef：<\/h4>\n

-Linux \u7cfb\u7edf：\u4ee5 Ubuntu \u4e3a\u4f8b，\u68c0\u67e5 OpenSSH \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8f6f\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u7528，\u53ef\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165ssh localhost\u3002\u82e5\u672a\u5b89\u88c5，\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4sudo apt-get install openssh-server\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7ps -ef | grep ssh\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709sshd\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8fd0\u884c，\u82e5\u6709\u5219\u8868\u793a SSH \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5df2\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u3002 -Windows \u7cfb\u7edf：\u5982\u679c\u662f Windows Server \u7cfb\u7edf，\u53ef\u5728 \u201c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u201d \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0 \u201cOpenSSH \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u201d \u89d2\u8272\u6765\u5b89\u88c5 SSH \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n

1.\u8fde\u63a5\u547d\u4ee4：<\/h4>\n

-\u5982\u679c\u672c\u5730\u673a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u548c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u673a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e00\u81f4，\u8fde\u63a5\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 22 \u65f6，\u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u5165ssh \u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668 IP \u4e3a 192.168.1.100，\u8f93\u5165ssh 192.168.1.100\u3002 -\u82e5\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e0d\u540c，\u6216\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u7aef\u53e3（\u975e\u9ed8\u8ba4 22 \u7aef\u53e3），\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3assh -p \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7 \u7528\u6237\u540d@\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740 \u3002\u6bd4\u5982，\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u4e3a 2222，\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3a user，IP \u4e3a 192.168.1.100，\u8f93\u5165ssh -p 2222 user@192.168.1.100\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u9996\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5：<\/h4>\n

\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6，\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5982\u4e0b\u63d0\u793a：The authenticity of host '192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100)' can't be established. ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:xxxxxx. This key is not known by any other names Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes\/no\/(fingerprint))?，\u6b64\u65f6\u6b63\u5e38\u8f93\u5165yes，\u7136\u540e\u8f93\u5165\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u5bc6\u7801\u5373\u53ef\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u3002 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u516c\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u8fde\u63a5<\/h3>\n

1.\u539f\u7406：\u516c\u94a5\u767b\u5f55\u662f\u5148\u5728\u672c\u5730\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u5bf9\u516c\u94a5\u548c\u79c1\u94a5，\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u516c\u94a5\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u65f6，\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4f1a\u5411\u7528\u6237\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u6bb5\u968f\u673a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u7528\u6237\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u94a5\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6bb5\u968f\u673a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u5bc6，\u518d\u628a\u52a0\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a，\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4f1a\u7528\u7528\u6237\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u5bf9\u5176\u89e3\u5bc6，\u82e5\u89e3\u5bc6\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u968f\u673a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e00\u81f4，\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u5408\u6cd5，\u5141\u8bb8\u767b\u5f55\u3002 2.\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9：\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7ec8\u7aef\u8fd0\u884cssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096\u547d\u4ee4\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bf9，-t\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a RSA，-b\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u5bc6\u94a5\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 4096 \u4f4d\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u540e\u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u94a5\u4fdd\u5b58\u8def\u5f84，\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u8f66\u5219\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8def\u5f84（\u5982 Windows \u4e0b\u4e00\u822c\u4e3aC:\\\\Users\\\\\u4f60\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d.ssh ，Linux \u548c macOS \u4e0b\u4e3a~\/.ssh）\u3002\u63a5\u7740\u63d0\u793a\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u94a5\u5bc6\u7801，\u82e5\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801，\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u8f66\u5373\u53ef，\u518d\u6b21\u786e\u8ba4\u5bc6\u7801\u65f6\u4e5f\u56de\u8f66\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u5728\u4fdd\u5b58\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u4f1a\u751f\u6210id_rsa.pub（\u516c\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6）\u548cid_rsa（\u79c1\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6）\u3002 3.\u4e0a\u4f20\u516c\u94a5\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668：\u5c06\u672c\u5730\u751f\u6210\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528ssh-copy-id -i ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub \u7528\u6237\u540d@\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u5730\u5740\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u7528\u6237\u540d\u4e3a user，IP \u4e3a 192.168.1.100，\u8f93\u5165ssh-copy-id -i ~\/.ssh\/id_rsa.pub user@192.168.1.100，\u8f93\u5165\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bc6\u7801\u540e，\u516c\u94a5\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684authorized_keys\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6，\u5c31\u65e0\u9700\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801，\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u94a5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5373\u53ef\u767b\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

———————————————————————————————————————————<\/p>\n

\u62d3\u5c55\u9605\u8bfb：<\/h3>\n

-SSH \u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u533a\u522b：SSH \u6709 SSH1 \u548c SSH2 \u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7248\u672c，SSH2 \u5728\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u6709\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347，\u73b0\u5728\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f SSH2\u3002\u6bd4\u5982 SSH2 \u652f\u6301\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5，\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u62a4\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5b89\u5168\u3002 -\u5982\u4f55\u6392\u67e5 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25\u95ee\u9898：\u5982\u679c\u8fde\u63a5\u5931\u8d25，\u5148\u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u662f\u5426\u8fde\u901a，\u53ef\u901a\u8fc7ping\u547d\u4ee4\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002\u518d\u67e5\u770b SSH \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c，\u9632\u706b\u5899\u662f\u5426\u963b\u6321\u4e86 SSH \u7aef\u53e3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u5728 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u68c0\u67e5sshd\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001systemctl status sshd ，\u67e5\u770b\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8 SSH \u7aef\u53e3\u901a\u8fc7\u3002 -SSH \u96a7\u9053\u7684\u4f5c\u7528：SSH \u96a7\u9053\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u6761\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u901a\u9053，\u7528\u4e8e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u96a7\u9053\u8bbf\u95ee\u88ab\u9650\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u5185\u7f51\u8d44\u6e90，\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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