{"id":33020,"date":"2025-04-26T10:27:04","date_gmt":"2025-04-26T02:27:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/33020.html"},"modified":"2025-04-26T10:27:04","modified_gmt":"2025-04-26T02:27:04","slug":"kafka%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e5%8f%8a%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e6%96%b9%e6%a1%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/33020.html","title":{"rendered":"Kafka\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kafka \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6d41\u5904\u7406\u5e73\u53f0，\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7528\u4e8e\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5904\u7406，\u4f46\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Kafka \u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u7b54：<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u4e22\u5931<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u539f\u56e0<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u7aef<\/h4>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u6545\u969c\u3001\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u8d85\u65f6\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

Broker\u5b95\u673a\u3001\u526f\u672c\u540c\u6b65\u4e0d\u8db3\u6216\u78c1\u76d8\u6545\u969c；<\/p>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6545\u969c\u6216\u672a\u6b63\u786e\u63d0\u4ea4Offset\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u6d88\u606f\u538b\u7f29<\/h5>\n

\u542f\u7528\u6d88\u606f\u538b\u7f29（compression.type=gzip），\u51cf\u5c11\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）ACK\u673a\u5236<\/h5>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6eacks=all，\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u5230\u6240\u6709ISR（\u540c\u6b65\u526f\u672c）\u3002<\/p>\n

（3）\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236<\/h5>\n

\u542f\u7528\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236，\u6307\u5b9a\u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570，\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u7f51\u7edc\u6296\u52a8\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u606f\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

（4）\u7f13\u51b2\u533a<\/h5>\n

\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\u4f1a\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u7f13\u5b58\u5728\u7f13\u51b2\u533a（buffer.memory），\u76f4\u5230\u6ee1\u8db3\u6279\u91cf\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5feb，\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u8db3，\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u6d88\u606f\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8c03\u6574\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5927\u5c0f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u56e0\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

（5）\u542f\u7528\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h5>\n

Kafka \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e8b\u52a1\u673a\u5236，\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u7ec4\u6d88\u606f\u8981\u4e48\u5b8c\u5168\u63d0\u4ea4，\u8981\u4e48\u5b8c\u5168\u56de\u6eda\u3002\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\u542f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1，\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6d88\u606f\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u4e8b\u52a1\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4：<\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0transactional.id，\u5f00\u542f\u4e8b\u52a1\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0commitTransaction()\u00a0\u548c\u00a0abortTransaction()\u00a0\u6765\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

（6）\u603b\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b<\/h5>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0produce:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 compression-type: gzip\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u6d88\u606f\u538b\u7f29，\u53ef\u9009\u503c：gzip\u3001snappy\u3001lz4\u3001zstd<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0acks: all\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u526f\u672c\u540c\u6b65 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0retries: 3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 # \u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0enable-idempotence: true\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u542f\u7528\u5e42\u7b49\u6027<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 buffer-memory: 67108864\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0# \u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f，\u5355\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 transactional-id-prefix: tx-\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u4e8b\u52a1ID\u524d\u7f00，\u542f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u526f\u672c\u673a\u5236<\/h5>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u591a\u526f\u672c\u673a\u5236（replication-factor），\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u526f\u672c\u6570\u3002\u5206\u533a\u7684\u526f\u672c\u6570\u8d8a\u591a，\u6570\u636e\u7684\u5bb9\u9519\u80fd\u529b\u8d8a\u5f3a，\u4fdd\u8bc1Broker\u5b95\u673a\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0admin:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u533a\u7b56\u7565<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 default-topic:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 replication-factor: 3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u533a\u7684\u526f\u672c\u6570<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（2）Leader\u9009\u4e3e\u673a\u5236<\/h5>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7981\u7528\u810f\u9009\u4e3e（unclean.leader.election.enable=false），<\/p>\n

\u7981\u7528\u6ca1\u6709\u540c\u6b65\u6240\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u526f\u672c\u53c2\u4e0e\u9009\u4e3e，\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 # \u526f\u672c\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n

\u00a0 replication:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u526f\u672c\u843d\u540e\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b64\u65f6\u95f4（\u6beb\u79d2）\u4f1a\u88ab\u79fb\u51fa ISR \u5217\u8868<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 replica_lag_time_max_ms: 10000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 10000 \u6beb\u79d2，\u5373 10 \u79d2<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u6700\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a\u540c\u6b65\u526f\u672c\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5199\u5165<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 min_insync_replicas: 2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 1<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u662f\u5426\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f ISR \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u9009\u4e3e<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 unclean_leader_election_enable: false\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a false，\u9632\u6b62\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（3）\u65e5\u5fd7\u6bb5\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fdd\u7559\u914d\u7f6e<\/h5>\n

\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6bb5\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fdd\u7559，log.retention.ms \u6216 log.retention.bytes，<\/p>\n

\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u4e2d\u5b58\u50a8\u8db3\u591f\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4，\u907f\u514d\u56e0\u65e5\u5fd7\u6eda\u52a8\u800c\u4e22\u5931\u672a\u88ab\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0# \u65e5\u5fd7\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0log:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6bb5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 segment:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 bytes: 1073741824\u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 1GB<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4（\u6beb\u79d2）<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 retention:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0ms: 604800000\u00a0 \u00a0# 7\u5929，\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u6beb\u79d2<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4fdd\u7559\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 retention_bytes: 10737418240\u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 10GB<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u6e05\u7406\u7b56\u7565（delete \u6216 compact）<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 cleanup_policy: "delete"\u00a0 \u00a0# \u53ef\u9009：delete \u6216 compact<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7d22\u5f15\u95f4\u9694\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 index_interval_bytes: 4096\u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 4096<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（4）\u78c1\u76d8\u68c0\u67e5<\/h5>\n

\u5b9a\u671f\u76d1\u63a7\u78c1\u76d8\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001，\u907f\u514d\u65e5\u5fd7\u76ee\u5f55\u5199\u6ee1\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u6d88\u606f\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u63d0\u4ea4\u7b56\u7565<\/h5>\n

\u5173\u95ed\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u6d88\u606f\u504f\u79fb\u91cf（enable-auto-commit），\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6d88\u606f\u540e\u663e\u5f0f\u63d0\u4ea4\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）\u91cd\u65b0\u6d88\u8d39\u7b56\u7565<\/h5>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u672a\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，auto.offset.reset\u00a0\u53c2\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u3002earliest\u00a0\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ece\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5f00\u59cb\u6d88\u8d39，latest\u00a0\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4ece\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5f00\u59cb\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e auto.offset.reset，\u907f\u514d\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u9519\u8fc7\u6d88\u606f\u6216\u4ece\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

（3）\u542f\u7528\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e8b\u52a1<\/h5>\n

Kafka \u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4e8b\u52a1\u529f\u80fd，\u542f\u7528\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e8b\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c，\u4e8b\u52a1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6d88\u8d39\u6216\u56de\u6eda\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7 isolation.level=read_committed \u914d\u7f6e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4e8b\u52a1，\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 consumer:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 enable-auto-commit: false\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 # \u624b\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u6d88\u606f\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 auto-offset-reset: earliest\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u4ece\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5f00\u59cb\u6d88\u8d39<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 isolation-level: read_committed\u00a0 \u00a0# \u53ea\u8bfb\u53d6\u5df2\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u6d88\u606f<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u539f\u56e0<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u6ca1\u6709\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5e42\u7b49\u6027，\u5982：\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25，\u591a\u6b21\u91cd\u8bd5\u53d1\u9001，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u606f\u91cd\u590d\u6295\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

Broker\u7ef4\u62a4\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861，\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5d29\u6e83，Broker\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5206\u533a\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u65f6\u672a\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u65b0\u6d88\u8d39\u67d0\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5d29\u6e83\u548c\u5f02\u5e38\u9000\u51fa，\u6216\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u63d0\u4ea4\u7b56\u7565\u4e0d\u5f53，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u504f\u79fb\u91cf（Offset）\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u63d0\u4ea4\u3002\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u62c9\u53d6\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\u4ece\u4e0a\u6b21\u672a\u63d0\u4ea4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f00\u59cb，\u5bfc\u81f4\u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5e42\u7b49\u6027<\/h5>\n

\u786e\u4fdd\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5177\u6709\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u542f\u7528\u5e42\u7b49\u6027，Kafka \u4f1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d88\u606f\u751f\u6210\u552f\u4e00\u7684 ID，\u5373\u4f7f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u5bfc\u81f4\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u91cd\u8bd5\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f，\u4e5f\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u53ea\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u4e00\u6b21\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0produce:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 enable-idempotence: true\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u542f\u7528\u5e42\u7b49\u6027<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u5206\u533a\u518d\u5206\u914d\u4e0e\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7ba1\u7406<\/h5>\n

Kafka \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u53d1\u751f\u6545\u969c\u6216\u91cd\u542f\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u533a\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u65b0\u6d88\u8d39\u5df2\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6d88\u606f，\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e94\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5206\u914d\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u800c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91\u6765\u786e\u8ba4\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9632\u6b62\u5206\u533a\u518d\u5206\u914d\u65f6\u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u7b56\u7565：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u751f\u4ea7\u7aef\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u624b\u6bb5\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u6d88\u8d39\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0max.poll.records，\u51cf\u5c11\u6bcf\u6b21\u62c9\u53d6\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u6570\u91cf，\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u6b21\u62c9\u53d6\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u90fd\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0consumer:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 max-poll-records: 1000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u6bcf\u6b21poll\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8bb0\u5f55\u6570 \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u63d0\u4ea4\u7b56\u7565<\/h5>\n

\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6210\u529f\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u4e00\u6761\u6d88\u606f\u540e，\u663e\u5f0f\u5730\u624b\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5728\u5d29\u6e83\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e22\u5931\u6216\u91cd\u590d\u6d88\u8d39\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u624b\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u540c\u6b65\u63d0\u4ea4\u504f\u79fb\u91cf：\u6bcf\u6b21\u6d88\u8d39\u6d88\u606f\u540e\u540c\u6b65\u63d0\u4ea4\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u5f02\u6b65\u63d0\u4ea4\u504f\u79fb\u91cf：\u5f02\u6b65\u63d0\u4ea4\u504f\u79fb\u91cf，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 consumer:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 enable-auto-commit: false \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0# \u624b\u52a8\u63d0\u4ea4\u6d88\u606f\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（2）\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e42\u7b49\u6027<\/h5>\n

\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u5904\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u5e42\u7b49\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u610f\u5473\u7740\u65e0\u8bba\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u591a\u5c11\u6b21，\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\u7b56\u7565：<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u552f\u4e00\u6027\u7ea6\u675f，\u9632\u6b62\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5199\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u53bb\u91cd\u8868，\u68c0\u67e5\u6d88\u606f\u662f\u5426\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 Redis\u539f\u5b50\u64cd\u4f5c，setnx()\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u4e50\u89c2\u9501（CAS\u673a\u5236）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u5806\u79ef<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u539f\u56e0<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u751f\u4ea7\u901f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5feb，\u8fdc\u8d85\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u901f\u5ea6，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u606f\u5806\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u5206\u533a\u6570\u4e0d\u8db3<\/p>\n

\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5e94\u8be5\u9002\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c Kafka \u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5206\u533a\u6570\u91cf\u592a\u5c11，\u800c\u6d88\u8d39\u7aef\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u591a，\u591a\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u4f1a\u4e89\u593a\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u5206\u533a\u8d44\u6e90，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u8d39\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3，\u6d88\u606f\u5806\u79ef\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6d88\u8d39\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3<\/h5>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u8db3，\u65e0\u6cd5\u6ee1\u8db3\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u6027\u80fd（\u4f8b\u5982 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 IO）\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u652f\u6491\u9ad8\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u5904\u7406\u903b\u8f91（\u4f8b\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49）\u8f83\u6162，\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u8d39\u901f\u5ea6\u8fdc\u4f4e\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u751f\u4ea7\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）\u6d88\u8d39\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6\u4e0d\u8db3<\/h5>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b，\u6216\u8005\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5b9e\u4f8b\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6d88\u606f，\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u6d88\u606f\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u65f6，\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e76\u884c\u6d88\u8d39，\u5bfc\u81f4\u5806\u79ef\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

（3）\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u504f\u79fb\u91cf<\/h5>\n

\u5982\u679c\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u6b63\u786e\u7ba1\u7406\u504f\u79fb\u91cf（\u4f8b\u5982，\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4ea4\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf），\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u91cd\u65b0\u6d88\u8d39\u65e7\u6d88\u606f\u6216\u8005\u4e22\u5931\u672a\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u6d88\u606f，\u9020\u6210\u5806\u79ef\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u6ede\u540e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u63a7\u5236\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u541e\u5410\u91cf<\/h5>\n

\u5bf9\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7684\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u63a7\u5236，\u907f\u514d\u751f\u4ea7\u901f\u5ea6\u8fc7\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8c03\u6574\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u9650\u5236\u541e\u5410\u91cf，\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0acks\u00a0\u548c\u00a0batch.size\u00a0\u914d\u7f6e\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u63a7\u5236\u6d88\u606f\u6279\u91cf\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u65f6\u673a，\u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0linger.ms\u548cbuffer-memory\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0produce:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 enable-idempotence: true\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u542f\u7528\u5e42\u7b49\u6027<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 acks: all\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 # \u786e\u8ba4\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 batch-size: 32768\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6279\u6b21\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5b57\u8282\u6570<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 linger-ms: 5\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 # \u5ef6\u8fdf\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u65f6\u95f4，\u5355\u4f4d\u6beb\u79d2<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 buffer-memory: 67108864\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 # \u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f，\u5355\u4f4d\u5b57\u8282<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u589e\u52a0\u5206\u533a\u6570<\/h5>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u5206\u533a\u6570，\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8 Kafka \u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b，\u51cf\u8f7b\u6d88\u606f\u5806\u79ef\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f，\u589e\u52a0\u540e\u7684\u5206\u533a\u6570\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd Kafka \u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861，\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u8c03\u6574\u5206\u533a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0admin:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 default-topic:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 partitions: 5\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3b\u9898\u7684\u5206\u533a\u6570<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 replication-factor: 3\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 # \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u533a\u7684\u526f\u672c\u6570<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（2）\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d88\u606f\u8fc7\u671f\u7b56\u7565<\/h5>\n

\u5f53\u6d88\u606f\u8d85\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4\u540e，Kafka \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5408\u7406\u7684 log.retention.hours \u6216 log.retention.bytes \u53c2\u6570，\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4，\u907f\u514d\u6d88\u606f\u5806\u79ef\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b58\u50a8\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0log:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65e5\u5fd7\u6bb5\u7684\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 segment:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 bytes: 1073741824\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 1GB<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u4fdd\u7559\u65f6\u95f4（\u6beb\u79d2）<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 retention:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 ms: 604800000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# 7\u5929，\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u6beb\u79d2<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4fdd\u7559\u5927\u5c0f<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 retention_bytes: 10737418240\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 10GB<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u589e\u52a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6570\u91cf<\/h5>\n

\u589e\u52a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6570\u91cf，\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d88\u8d39\u4f53\u91cf，\u5206\u62c5 Kafka \u5206\u533a\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）\u589e\u52a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e76\u53d1\u6570<\/h5>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e76\u53d1\u6570，\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e76\u53d1\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u7f6e\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

kafka:<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0consumer:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 concurrency: 10\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0# \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e76\u53d1\u6570 \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（3）\u589e\u52a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6（\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60）<\/h5>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf，\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u6d88\u8d39\u7684\u5e76\u53d1\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982，\u5982\u679c\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u7684，\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60，\u6765\u63d0\u5347\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

public class KafkaConsumer {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0private static final int NUM_THREADS = 4;<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(NUM_THREADS);<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@KafkaListener(topics = "my-topic", groupId = "my-group")<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void consume(List<String> messages) {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0for (String message : messages) {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0executorService.submit(() -> processMessage(message));<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0private void processMessage(String message) {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ \u5904\u7406\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（4）\u4f18\u5316\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u5904\u7406\u901f\u5ea6<\/h5>\n

\u8fc7\u6ee4\u975e\u5173\u952e\u6d88\u606f，\u51cf\u5c11\u6d88\u606f\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u6279\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u6d88\u606f，\u51cf\u5c11\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u5904\u7406\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u590d\u6742\u8ba1\u7b97\u6216\u7e41\u91cd\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u5316\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee，\u907f\u514d\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\u6216\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

4.\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u544a\u8b66\u673a\u5236<\/h4>\n

（1）\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807<\/h5>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001Kafka Broker \u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5e26\u5bbd\u7b49\u6307\u6807，\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982：\u4f7f\u7528 Kafka \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 consumer lag \u6307\u6807，\u76d1\u63a7\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u6ede\u540e\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ede\u540e\u8fc7\u591a，\u53ca\u65f6\u589e\u52a0\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6570\u91cf\u6216\u6269\u5c55\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）\u5e38\u7528\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177<\/h5>\n

Kafka Manager：<\/p>\n

\u63d0\u4f9b Kafka \u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

Prometheus + Grafana：<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7 Prometheus \u62c9\u53d6 Kafka \u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528 Grafana \u5c55\u793a\u76d1\u63a7\u56fe\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u606f\u987a\u5e8f<\/h2>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u539f\u56e0<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u6d88\u606f\u5206\u533a\u7b56\u7565<\/h5>\n

Kafka \u5141\u8bb8\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5e76\u884c\u53d1\u9001\u6d88\u606f\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a，\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u606f\u987a\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b，\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5206\u533a\u5668（Partitioner）\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5c06\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d，\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

（2）\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236<\/h5>\n

\u5f53\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5931\u8d25\u65f6，\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d88\u606f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u987a\u5e8f\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316，\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u4e0a\u5e76\u53d1\u5199\u5165\u6d88\u606f\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u5206\u533a\u987a\u5e8f<\/h5>\n

Kafka \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5206\u533a\u6765\u7ec4\u7ec7\u6d88\u606f\u7684，\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u662f\u5206\u533a\u7ea7\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5355\u5206\u533a\u987a\u5e8f，\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8de8\u5206\u533a\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4e00\u5206\u533a：<\/p>\n

\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u4e2d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4f1a\u6309\u7167\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6d88\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u533a：<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1，\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e76\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

\u591a\u4e2a\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e76\u53d1\u6d88\u8d39\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u65f6，\u7531\u4e8e\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u884c\u6d88\u8d39\u4e0d\u540c\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6d88\u606f，\u5bfc\u81f4\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u5185\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u987a\u5e8f\u5f97\u5230\u4fdd\u8bc1，\u4f46\u8de8\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u987a\u5e8f\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982，\u5206\u533a 0 \u4e2d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u6709\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684，\u5206\u533a 1 \u4e2d\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u987a\u5e8f\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7684，\u4f46\u5206\u533a 0 \u548c\u5206\u533a 1 \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h3>\n

1.\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u952e（Key）\u786e\u4fdd\u987a\u5e8f<\/h5>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u952e（Key）\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5206\u533a\u3002\u6d88\u606f\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u952e\u65f6，\u4f1a\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a，\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

ProducerRecord<String, String> record = new ProducerRecord<>("topic", "userID123", "orderMessage");<\/p>\n

producer.send(record);<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

（2）\u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u91cd\u8bd5\u65f6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f<\/h5>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7684 acks \u548c retries \u53c2\u6570\u6765\u63a7\u5236\u6d88\u606f\u91cd\u8bd5\u673a\u5236，\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u8bd5\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

acks: \u786e\u4fdd\u6d88\u606f\u88ab\u6210\u529f\u5199\u5165\u526f\u672c\u540e\u624d\u786e\u8ba4\u8fd4\u56de，\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

retries: \u63a7\u5236\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570，\u9632\u6b62\u56e0\u91cd\u8bd5\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

（3）\u4f7f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1\u786e\u4fdd\u987a\u5e8f<\/h5>\n

Kafka \u652f\u6301\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u4e8b\u52a1，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u8005\u7aef\u542f\u7528\u4e8b\u52a1，\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u7ec4\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6027\u548c\u539f\u5b50\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u52a1，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e00\u7ec4\u6d88\u606f\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u90e8\u63d0\u4ea4，\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u90e8\u56de\u6eda，\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u90e8\u5206\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

Properties props = new Properties();<\/p>\n

props.put("acks", "all");<\/p>\n

props.put("transactional.id", "my-transaction-id");<\/p>\n

\n

KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);<\/p>\n

producer.initTransactions();<\/p>\n

try {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0producer.beginTransaction();<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0producer.send(new ProducerRecord<>(topic, "key", "value"));<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0producer.commitTransaction();<\/p>\n

} catch (ProducerFencedException | OutOfOrderSequenceException | AuthorizationException e) {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ fatal errors, should not proceed<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0producer.close();<\/p>\n

} catch (KafkaException e) {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ transient errors, may be retried<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0producer.abortTransaction();<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

2.Broker\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u533a\u7b56\u7565<\/h5>\n

Kafka \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5206\u533a\u5668（Partitioner）\u63a5\u53e3，\u5141\u8bb8\u7528\u6237\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u533a\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u5206\u533a\u5668，\u4f7f\u5f97\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7279\u5f81（\u5982\u540c\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u8bbe\u5907）\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5206\u533a，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u540c\u4e00\u5206\u533a\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n

public class CustomPartitioner implements Partitioner {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void configure(Map<String, ?> configs) {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public int partition(String topic, Object key, byte[] keyBytes, Object value, byte[] valueBytes,<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Cluster cluster) {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\/\/ \u4f8b\u5982\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237 ID \u505a\u5206\u533a<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0return Math.abs(key.hashCode()) % cluster.partitionCountForTopic(topic);<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/p>\n

\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0@Override<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0public void close() {<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0}<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

3.\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef<\/h4>\n

（1）\u63a7\u5236\u6d88\u8d39\u987a\u5e8f<\/h5>\n

\u5f53\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u5e76\u53d1\u6d88\u8d39\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u65f6，\u65e0\u6cd5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8de8\u5206\u533a\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6d88\u8d39\u7b56\u7565：<\/p>\n

\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6d88\u8d39：<\/p>\n

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\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u6309\u5206\u533a\u987a\u5e8f\u5904\u7406：<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6d88\u8d39\u8005\u7aef\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u5206\u533a\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\u5904\u7406，\u786e\u4fdd\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u6d88\u8d39\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7684\u5e94\u7528，\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n

Kafka\u95ee\u9898\u6392\u67e5\u9700\u7ed3\u5408\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790（\u5982Broker\u7684server.log）\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u6307\u6807（\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3001Lag）\u53ca\u96c6\u7fa4\u62d3\u6251\u3002\u5bf9\u5173\u952e\u573a\u666f（\u5982\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613）\u5efa\u8bae\u91c7\u7528\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u4e8b\u52a1（Exactly-Once\u8bed\u4e49）\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e91\u539f\u751f\u73af\u5883，\u4f18\u5148\u9009\u62e9\u6258\u7ba1\u670d\u52a1（\u5982Confluent Cloud）\u51cf\u5c11\u8fd0\u7ef4\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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