{"id":32859,"date":"2025-04-26T01:30:21","date_gmt":"2025-04-25T17:30:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/32859.html"},"modified":"2025-04-26T01:30:21","modified_gmt":"2025-04-25T17:30:21","slug":"%e5%a4%9a%e8%b7%af%e8%bd%ac%e6%8e%a5select%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/32859.html","title":{"rendered":"\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5select\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n

select\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/p>\n

select\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n

select\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9<\/p>\n

\n

\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u7684select\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n

select\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/h2>\n

#include <sys\/select.h>
\nint select(int nfds, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set
\n*exceptfds, struct timeval *timeout); <\/p>\n

\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0b\u5404\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea，\u6240\u4ee5\u7528\u6237\u52bf\u5fc5\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf，\u4ed6\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e0a\u7684\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u5199\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e0d\u4e3a\u7a7a\u6709\u6570\u636e\u80fd\u8bfb，\u5199\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea\u5c31\u662f\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e0d\u4e3a\u6ee1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u5165\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5916，\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5173\u5fc3\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u518d\u6765\u770bselect\u7684\u53c2\u6570，nfds\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570，\u53ef\u4ee5\u544a\u8bc9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4，nfds\u662f\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c + 1，\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u60f3\u5230select\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u904d\u5386\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8enfds – 1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea<\/p>\n

struct timeval {
\n time_t tv_sec; \/* Seconds *\/ \/\/\u79d2
\n suseconds_t tv_usec; \/* Microseconds *\/ \/\/\u6beb\u79d2
\n}; <\/p>\n

timeout\u8868\u793aselect\u7684\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4，timeout\u4e5f\u53ef\u4e3a\u7a7a，\u8868\u793a\u963b\u585e\u7b49\u5f85\u76f4\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u53d1\u751f\u4e8b\u4ef6，timeout\u4e3a0\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f，\u5176\u4ed6\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u503c\u8868\u793a\u82e5\u5728\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f，\u5219\u8d85\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a0\u8868\u793a\u8d85\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de；\u4e3a-1\u8868\u793a\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u53d1\u751f，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u7801errno；\u4e3a\u6b63\u6570\u8868\u793a\u5728timeout\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4e2a\u6570<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570，\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u4e0bfd_set<\/p>\n

\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7fds\u544a\u8bc9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，timeout\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u7b49\u5f85\u65f6\u95f4，\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u544a\u8bc9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u54ea\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6216\u5199\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7406\u89e3，fd_set\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u5408，\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u96c6\u5408，readfds\u662f\u5173\u5fc3\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u96c6\u5408，writefds\u662f\u5173\u5fc3\u5199\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u96c6\u5408，exceptfds\u662f\u5173\u5fc3\u5f02\u5e38\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u96c6\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6307\u51fa，\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8fd8\u662f\u8f93\u51fa\u578b\u53c2\u6570，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5c06\u7b49\u5f85\u540e\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u52a0\u5165\u96c6\u5408，<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u5982\u5173\u5fc34，5，6\u7684\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u82e5\u5c31\u7eea\u4e864\u548c5，\u96c6\u5408\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u62104，5，\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4e3a\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u9ebb\u70e6<\/p>\n

\u4ece\u5177\u4f53\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u6765\u770b，fd_set\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u56fe，\u6709\u82e5\u5e72\u4e2a\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u503c\u4e3a1\u8868\u793a\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u4e3a0\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3，\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50<\/p>\n

00011111001<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u6807\u4ece0\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8bdd，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u56fe\u8868\u793a\u5173\u5fc33，4，5，6，7，10\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u90fd\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3<\/p>\n

\/* fd_set for select and pselect. *\/
\ntypedef struct
\n {
\n \/* XPG4.2 requires this member name. Otherwise avoid the name
\n from the global namespace. *\/
\n#ifdef __USE_XOPEN
\n __fd_mask fds_bits[__FD_SETSIZE \/ __NFDBITS];
\n# define __FDS_BITS(set) ((set)->fds_bits)
\n#else
\n __fd_mask __fds_bits[__FD_SETSIZE \/ __NFDBITS];
\n# define __FDS_BITS(set) ((set)->__fds_bits)
\n#endif
\n } fd_set; <\/p>\n

fd_set\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u6570\u7ec4，\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5173\u5fc3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237，\u60f3\u5bf9fd_set\u64cd\u4f5c，\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u63a5\u53e3<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26fd\u4ece\u96c6\u5408set\u4e2d\u5220\u9664
\nvoid FD_CLR(int fd, fd_set *set);
\n\/\/ \u5224\u65ad\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26fd\u662f\u5426\u5728\u96c6\u5408set\u4e2d
\nint FD_ISSET(int fd, fd_set *set);
\n\/\/ \u5c06fd\u653e\u5165\u96c6\u5408set\u4e2d
\nvoid FD_SET(int fd, fd_set *set);
\n\/\/ \u6e05\u7a7a\u96c6\u5408set
\nvoid FD_ZERO(fd_set *set); <\/p>\n

select\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc，select\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b49\u5f85\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e86，\u53ef\u4ee5\u6765\u642d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u63a5\u6536\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6d88\u606f，\u56de\u663e\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u7ed9\u51faselect_server\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u7406\u89e3select\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981，\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u4fbf\u53ef\u8f7b\u677e\u770b\u61c2，\u82e5\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u8be6\u89c1rokobo\/wsl_code – Gitee.com<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4efd\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u9700\u8981\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6709\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u548c\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u6d88\u606f，\u7531\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u5efa\u7acb\u540e\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4f1a\u53d8\u591a，\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7ba1\u7406\u8d77\u6765，\u8fd9\u91cc\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u539f\u751f\u6570\u7ec4，\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u611f\u53d7\u5230select\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u4e4b\u4e00，\u5b58\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u904d\u5386，\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u591f\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

#include "socket.hpp"
\n#include "Log.hpp"
\n#include <sys\/select.h>
\n#include <memory>
\n#include <cstring>
\n#include <cerrno>
\nusing namespace SocketModule;
\nusing namespace LogModule;<\/p>\n

class select_server
\n{
\n\/\/ sizeof\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570，\u4e588\u5f97\u5230\u6bd4\u7279\u6570
\nstatic const int NUM = sizeof(fd_set) * 8;
\npublic:
\n select_server()
\n :_listen_sock(std::make_shared<TcpSocket>()),
\n _is_running(false)
\n {}<\/p>\n

void init(int port)
\n {
\n _listen_sock->BuildTcpSocketMethod(port);
\n for(int i=0;i<NUM;++i)
\n {
\n fds[i] = -1;
\n }
\n \/\/\u521d\u59cb\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3_listen_sock\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26
\n fds[0] = _listen_sock->Fd();
\n }<\/p>\n

void loop()
\n {
\n _is_running = true;
\n int listenfd = _listen_sock->Fd();
\n fd_set readset;
\n while(_is_running)
\n {
\n \/\/readset\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u53c2\u6570，select\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u4fee\u6539，\u9700\u8981\u6e05\u7a7a\u540e\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e
\n FD_ZERO(&readset);
\n int max_fd = 0;
\n for(int i=0;i<NUM;++i)
\n {
\n if(fds[i] != -1)
\n {
\n max_fd = fds[i] > max_fd ? fds[i] : max_fd;
\n FD_SET(fds[i], &readset);
\n }
\n }
\n struct timeval timeout = {2, 0};
\n int ret = select(max_fd + 1, &readset, nullptr, nullptr, &timeout);
\n if(ret == -1)
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Error message: " << strerror(ret);
\n continue;
\n }
\n else if(ret == 0)
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::INFO) << "Time out\\\\n";
\n continue;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::INFO) << "Dispatch begin\\\\n";
\n \/\/ \u7ed9\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u5206\u53d1\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1
\n dispatcher(readset);
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n void accepter(int fd)
\n {
\n InetAddr client;
\n auto client_sock = _listen_sock->Accepter(&client);
\n if(client_sock == nullptr)
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Accept error";
\n return;
\n }
\n int client_fd = client_sock->Fd();
\n if(client_fd < 0)
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Client fd error";
\n return;
\n }
\n \/\/\u5c06client_fd\u52a0\u5165\u5230fds\u4e2d
\n \/\/\u5982\u679cfds\u6ee1\u4e86，\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5
\n int i=0;
\n for(i=0;i<NUM;++i)
\n {
\n if(fds[i] == -1)
\n {
\n fds[i] = client_fd;
\n LOG(LogLevel::INFO) << "Accept success: " << client_sock->Fd() << " " << client.Addr();
\n break;
\n }
\n }
\n if(i == NUM)
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Too many connections";
\n client_sock->Close();
\n return;
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

void recver(int who)
\n {
\n int fd = fds[who];
\n std::string buffer;
\n auto client_sock = std::make_shared<TcpSocket>(fd);
\n ssize_t ret = client_sock->Recv(&buffer);
\n if(ret == -1)
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::ERROR) << "Recv error" << strerror(errno);
\n client_sock->Close();
\n \/\/\u5c06fd\u4ecefds\u4e2d\u5220\u9664
\n fds[who] = -1;
\n return;
\n }
\n else if(ret == 0)
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::INFO) << "Client closed: " << client_sock->Fd();
\n client_sock->Close();
\n \/\/\u5c06fd\u4ecefds\u4e2d\u5220\u9664
\n fds[who] = -1;
\n return;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n LOG(LogLevel::INFO) << "Recv success: " << buffer;
\n return;
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

void dispatcher(fd_set &readset)
\n {
\n \/\/\u627e\u5230\u6240\u6709\u5408\u6cd5\u7684fd，\u5206\u53d1
\n for(int i=0;i<NUM;++i)
\n {
\n if(fds[i] == -1)
\n continue;
\n if(FD_ISSET(fds[i], &readset))
\n {
\n \/\/\u5206\u53d1\u7ed9\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u51fd\u6570
\n if(fds[i] == _listen_sock->Fd())
\n {
\n accepter(fds[i]);
\n }
\n \/\/\u5206\u53d1\u7ed9\u5904\u7406IO\u7684\u51fd\u6570
\n else
\n {
\n recver(i);
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

void stop()
\n {}
\nprivate:
\n std::shared_ptr<TcpSocket> _listen_sock;
\n int fds[NUM];
\n bool _is_running;
\n}; <\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u51fd\u6570<\/p>\n

#include "select_server.hpp"
\n#include <string>
\nint main()
\n{
\n select_server s_svr;
\n s_svr.init(8080);
\n s_svr.loop();<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

select\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9<\/h2>\n

\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u904d\u5386，\u751a\u81f3select\u5e95\u5c42\u8fd8\u8981\u904d\u5386，\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u53d7\u5230select\u6709\u592a\u591a\u904d\u5386，\u6548\u7387\u4e0d\u9ad8，\u800c\u4e14fd_set\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u9759\u6001\u7684\u65e0\u6cd5\u6269\u5bb9，\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6709\u9650，\u800c\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u5b9a\u4e49\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u7ba1\u7406\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u66f4\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027，\u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528select，\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u628afd_set\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u5728fd\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5f00\u9500\u5f88\u5927<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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