{"id":31652,"date":"2025-04-22T02:45:57","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T18:45:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/31652.html"},"modified":"2025-04-22T02:45:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T18:45:57","slug":"linux%e7%bd%91%e7%bb%9c%e7%bc%96%e7%a8%8b-tcp%e5%b9%b6%e8%a1%8c%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/31652.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux\u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u2014\u2014TCP\u5e76\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5728 Linux \u7f51\u7edc\u7f16\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a TCP \u5e76\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u3001\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60 \u548c I\/O \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528（\u5982 select\u3001poll \u6216 epoll）\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5206\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

1. \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0 TCP \u5e76\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n

\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668：<\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u4f46\u7ebf\u7a0b\u8fc7\u591a\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <stdlib.h>
\n#include <string.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <pthread.h>
\n#include <sys\/types.h>
\n#include <sys\/socket.h>
\n#include <arpa\/inet.h>
\n#include <netinet\/in.h><\/p>\n

#define LISMAXNUM 1024<\/p>\n

int init_udp_ser(const char *ip, unsigned short port)
\n{
\nstruct sockaddr_in seraddr;
\nseraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
\nseraddr.sin_port = htons(port);
\nseraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);<\/p>\n

int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
\nif (sockfd < 0)
\n{
\nperror("fail socket");
\nreturn -1;
\n}<\/p>\n

int ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&seraddr, sizeof(seraddr));
\nif (ret < 0)
\n{
\nperror("fail bind");
\nreturn -1;
\n}<\/p>\n

ret = listen(sockfd, LISMAXNUM);
\nif (ret < 0)
\n{
\nperror("fail listen");
\nreturn -1;
\n}<\/p>\n

return sockfd;
\n}<\/p>\n

void handler(int signo)
\n{
\nwait(NULL);
\n}<\/p>\n

void *thread(void *arg)
\n{
\nint connfd = *(int *)arg;
\nchar buff[512] = {0};<\/p>\n

while (1)
\n{
\nmemset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
\nssize_t size = recv(connfd, buff, sizeof(buff), 0);
\nif (size < 0)
\n{
\nclose(connfd);
\nreturn NULL;
\n}<\/p>\n

if (size == 0)
\n{
\nclose(connfd);
\nreturn NULL;
\n}
\nprintf("%s\\\\n", buff);<\/p>\n

size = send(connfd, buff, strlen(buff), 0);
\nif (size < 0)
\n{
\nclose(connfd);
\nreturn NULL;
\n}
\n}
\n}<\/p>\n

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
\n{
\nstruct sockaddr_in cli;<\/p>\n

socklen_t clilen = sizeof(cli); <\/p>\n

signal(SIGCHLD, handler);<\/p>\n

int sockfd = init_udp_ser("192.168.1.178", 50000);
\nif (sockfd < 0)
\n{
\nreturn -1;
\n}<\/p>\n

while (1)
\n{
\nint connfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cli, &clilen);
\nif (connfd < 0)
\n{
\nperror("fail accept");
\nreturn -1;
\n}<\/p>\n

pthread_t tid;
\npthread_create(&tid, NULL, thread, &connfd);<\/p>\n

pthread_detach(tid);<\/p>\n

}<\/p>\n

close(sockfd);<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u4e3b\u8981\u6d41\u7a0b：<\/h5>\n
  • \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0socket()\u00a0\u521b\u5efa TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e0e\u76d1\u542c：\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0bind()\u00a0\u548c\u00a0listen()\u00a0\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u5e76\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b：\u6bcf\u5f53\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6，\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0pthread_create()\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u56de\u663e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d88\u606f：\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u63a5\u6536\u4e0e\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n

    2. \u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6c60\u5b9e\u73b0 TCP \u5e76\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n

    \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668：<\/h5>\n

    \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7 fork() \u521b\u5efa\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

    #include <stdio.h>
    \n#include <stdlib.h>
    \n#include <string.h>
    \n#include <unistd.h>
    \n#include <sys\/types.h>
    \n#include <sys\/socket.h>
    \n#include <arpa\/inet.h>
    \n#include <netinet\/in.h>
    \n#include <sys\/wait.h><\/p>\n

    #define LISMAXNUM 1024<\/p>\n

    int init_udp_ser(const char *ip, unsigned short port)
    \n{
    \nstruct sockaddr_in seraddr;
    \nseraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    \nseraddr.sin_port = htons(port);
    \nseraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);<\/p>\n

    int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    \nif (sockfd < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail socket");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    int ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&seraddr, sizeof(seraddr));
    \nif (ret < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail bind");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    ret = listen(sockfd, LISMAXNUM);
    \nif (ret < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail listen");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    return sockfd;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    void handler(int signo)
    \n{
    \nwait(NULL);
    \n}<\/p>\n

    int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
    \n{
    \nstruct sockaddr_in cli;<\/p>\n

    socklen_t clilen = sizeof(cli); <\/p>\n

    signal(SIGCHLD, handler);<\/p>\n

    int sockfd = init_udp_ser("192.168.1.178", 50000);
    \nif (sockfd < 0)
    \n{
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    while (1)
    \n{
    \nint connfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cli, &clilen);
    \nif (connfd < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail accept");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    pid_t pid = fork();
    \nif (pid < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail fork");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    if (0 == pid)
    \n{
    \nchar buff[512] = {0};<\/p>\n

    while (1)
    \n{
    \nmemset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
    \nssize_t size = recv(connfd, buff, sizeof(buff), 0);
    \nif (size < 0)
    \n{
    \nclose(connfd);
    \nexit(1);
    \n}<\/p>\n

    if (size == 0)
    \n{
    \nclose(connfd);
    \nexit(1);
    \n}
    \nprintf("%s\\\\n", buff);<\/p>\n

    size = send(connfd, buff, strlen(buff), 0);
    \nif (size < 0)
    \n{
    \nclose(connfd);
    \nexit(1);
    \n}
    \n}
    \n}
    \nelse if (pid > 0)
    \n{<\/p>\n

    }
    \n}<\/p>\n

    close(sockfd);<\/p>\n

    return 0;
    \n} <\/p>\n

    \u4e3b\u8981\u6d41\u7a0b：<\/h5>\n
  • \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57：\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0socket()\u00a0\u521b\u5efa TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e0e\u76d1\u542c：\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0bind()\u00a0\u548c\u00a0listen()\u00a0\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • fork()\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b：\u6bcf\u5f53\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6，\u7236\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0fork()\u00a0\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef：\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0recv()\u00a0\u548c\u00a0send()\u00a0\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92，\u5e76\u56de\u663e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6d88\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n

    3. \u7ebf\u7a0b\u6c60<\/h4>\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u63d0\u524d\u9884\u521b\u5efa\u5927\u91cf\u7ebf\u7a0b，\u907f\u514d\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u7684\u8017\u65f6\u3002<\/p>\n

    3. \u4f7f\u7528 I\/O \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528（select）\u5b9e\u73b0 TCP \u5e76\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n

    \u00a0 \u00a0select \u662f\u4e00\u79cd I\/O \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u6280\u672f，\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u7ebf\u7a0b\u76d1\u89c6\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 select \u4f7f\u5f97\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

    select\u00a0\u5b9e\u73b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee3\u7801：<\/h5>\n

    #include <stdio.h>
    \n#include <stdlib.h>
    \n#include <string.h>
    \n#include <unistd.h>
    \n#include <sys\/types.h>
    \n#include <sys\/socket.h>
    \n#include <arpa\/inet.h>
    \n#include <netinet\/in.h>
    \n#include <sys\/select.h><\/p>\n

    #define LISMAXNUM 1024<\/p>\n

    int init_udp_ser(const char *ip, unsigned short port)
    \n{
    \nstruct sockaddr_in seraddr;
    \nseraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    \nseraddr.sin_port = htons(port);
    \nseraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);<\/p>\n

    int sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
    \nif (sockfd < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail socket");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    int ret = bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&seraddr, sizeof(seraddr));
    \nif (ret < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail bind");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    ret = listen(sockfd, LISMAXNUM);
    \nif (ret < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail listen");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    return sockfd;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
    \n{
    \nchar buff[512] = {0};
    \nstruct sockaddr_in cli;<\/p>\n

    socklen_t clilen = sizeof(cli); <\/p>\n

    int sockfd = init_udp_ser("192.168.1.164", 50000);
    \nif (sockfd < 0)
    \n{
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    int maxfd = -1;
    \nfd_set rdfds;
    \nfd_set tmpfds;
    \nFD_ZERO(&rdfds);<\/p>\n

    FD_SET(sockfd, &rdfds);
    \nmaxfd = maxfd > sockfd ? maxfd : sockfd;<\/p>\n

    while (1)
    \n{
    \ntmpfds = rdfds;
    \nint cnt = select(maxfd+1, &tmpfds, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    \nif (cnt < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail select");
    \nreturn -1;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    for (int i = 0; i < maxfd+1; i++)
    \n{
    \nif (FD_ISSET(i, &tmpfds))
    \n{
    \nif (i == sockfd)
    \n{
    \nint connfd = accept(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&cli, &clilen);
    \nif (connfd < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail accept");
    \ncontinue;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    FD_SET(connfd, &rdfds);
    \nmaxfd = maxfd > connfd ? maxfd : connfd;
    \n}
    \nelse
    \n{
    \nmemset(buff, 0, sizeof(buff));
    \nssize_t size = recv(i, buff, sizeof(buff), 0);
    \nif (size < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail recv");
    \nFD_CLR(i, &rdfds);
    \nclose(i);
    \ncontinue;
    \n}<\/p>\n

    if (size == 0)
    \n{
    \nFD_CLR(i, &rdfds);
    \nclose(i);
    \ncontinue;
    \n}
    \nprintf("%s\\\\n", buff);<\/p>\n

    strcat(buff, "——>OK");
    \nsize = send(i, buff, strlen(buff), 0);
    \nif (size < 0)
    \n{
    \nperror("fail send");
    \nFD_CLR(i, &rdfds);
    \nclose(i);
    \ncontinue;
    \n}
    \n}
    \n}
    \n}
    \n}<\/p>\n

    close(sockfd);<\/p>\n

    return 0;
    \n} <\/p>\n

    \u4e3b\u8981\u6d41\u7a0b：<\/h5>\n
  • \u521b\u5efa\u5957\u63a5\u5b57：\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0socket()\u00a0\u521b\u5efa TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e0e\u76d1\u542c：\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0bind()\u00a0\u548c\u00a0listen()\u00a0\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c\u3002<\/li>\n
  • select：\u76d1\u542c\u591a\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316，\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u963b\u585e\u65b9\u5f0f\u68c0\u6d4b\u54ea\u4e9b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6709\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\n
  • \u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u96c6\u5408<\/li>\n
  • \u5c06\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u96c6\u5408<\/li>\n
  • \u00a0\u7b49\u5f85IO\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5230\u8fbe<\/li>\n
  • \u00a0\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684IO\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1<\/li>\n<\/li>\n

    \u603b\u7ed3<\/h4>\n
      \n
    • \n

      \u591a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0：\u6bcf\u5f53\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u9002\u5408\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u9002\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5，\u4f46\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\u8fc7\u591a\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u591a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5b9e\u73b0：\u901a\u8fc7 fork() \u521b\u5efa\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      I\/O \u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528（select）\u5b9e\u73b0：\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u8fc7 select \u7b49\u5f85\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5927\u91cf\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5，\u4e14\u65e0\u9700\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u521b\u5efa\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6216\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        select\u4f7f\u7528\u4f4d\u56fe\u7ba1\u7406\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u6700\u591a\u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u65f6\u76d1\u6d4b1024\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（\u6709\u4e0a\u9650）；<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

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      • \n

        \u00a0\u9700\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u5c42\u5bf9\u96c6\u5408\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u904d\u5386，\u5bfb\u627e\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6；<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u00a0\u53ea\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u6c34\u5e73\u89e6\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f（\u4f4e\u901f\u6a21\u5f0f），\u4e0d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u8fb9\u6cbf\u89e6\u53d1\u6a21\u5f0f（\u9ad8\u901f\u6a21\u5f0f） \u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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