{"id":31545,"date":"2025-04-21T16:31:01","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T08:31:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/31545.html"},"modified":"2025-04-21T16:31:01","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T08:31:01","slug":"%e6%88%91%e5%9c%a8%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e5%88%9b%e5%bb%ba%e4%ba%86%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%ef%bc%8c%e4%b8%ba%e4%bb%80%e4%b9%88%e5%ae%a2%e6%88%b7%e7%ab%af%e5%8f%96%e6%b6%88%e4%ba%86nf","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/31545.html","title":{"rendered":"\u6211\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d6\u6d88\u4e86nfs\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14df\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\u786e\u8ba4\u786e\u5b9e\u5378\u8f7d\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0a\u4f9d\u7136\u770b\u5f97\u89c1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5220\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4e86"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5378\u8f7d\u540e\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u662f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5378\u8f7d\u524d\u6253\u5f00\u4e86\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u5b58\u5728\u6b8b\u7559\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u7f13\u5b58\u3002NFS\u5728\u5378\u8f7d\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86lazy umount\u3002\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6302\u8f7d\u6709\u6548\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u5378\u8f7d\u540e\u4ecd\u6709\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u9700\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u7528lsof\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528umount -l\u5f3a\u5236\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d\u3002\u8fd8\u8981\u8003\u8651\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u89e3\u4e86\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5378\u8f7d\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4f46\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u5e94\u8be5\u662fNFS\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u4fdd\u6301\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u786e\u8ba4\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u4f7f\u7528mount\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u67e5\u770b\/proc\/mounts\u3002\u540c\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u8c03NFS\u64cd\u4f5c\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5378\u8f7d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u6709\u672a\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u64cd\u4f5c\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u5173\u952e\u77db\u76fe\u70b9&#xff1a;\u201c\u5378\u8f7d\u540e\u4ecd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u539f\u56e0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. \u5e76\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u5378\u8f7d&#xff08;\u4f2a\u5378\u8f7d&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u00a0df\u00a0 \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0df\u00a0 \u663e\u793a\u7684\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4f46\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff08;\u5982\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u65ad\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528&#xff09;\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0 \u201c\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u4f46df\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u5378\u8f7d\u201d \u7684\u5047\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff1a;\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u67e5\u770b \u00a0\/proc\/mounts\u00a0 \u6216 \u00a0mount | grep nfs\u00a0&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9014\u5f84\u6bd4 \u00a0df\u00a0 \u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u4f7f\u7528 \u00a0lsof &#043;D \/\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u00a0 \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;\u5982shell\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u5668&#xff09;\u4ecd\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u8be5\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2. \u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d&#xff08;Lazy Umount&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; Linux\u7684 \u00a0umount\u00a0 \u547d\u4ee4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f \u201c\u7acb\u5373\u5378\u8f7d\u201d&#xff08;\u00a0umount -f\u00a0 \u5f3a\u5236&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u8bbf\u95ee\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u8fdb\u5165 \u201c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d\u201d \u72b6\u6001&#xff08;\u00a0umount -l\u00a0&#xff09;\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u6b64\u65f6 \u00a0df\u00a0 \u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u4ecd\u88ab\u5360\u7528&#xff0c;\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u672a\u91ca\u653e&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u4ecd\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u6765\u81ea\u7f13\u5b58\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4fe1\u606f&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6b8b\u7559\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. \u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\u88ab\u590d\u7528\u6216\u540c\u540d\u76ee\u5f55\u8bef\u5bfc<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u82e5\u5378\u8f7d\u540e\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u5982 \u00a0\/mnt\/nfs\u00a0&#xff09;\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u53ef\u80fd\u8bef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u662fNFS\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u4f46\u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u63cf\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u5220\u9664\u7684\u662f\u201c\u521b\u5efa\u4e8eNFS\u6302\u8f7d\u671f\u95f4\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u201d&#xff0c;\u66f4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6b8b\u7559\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001\u5bfc\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001\u201c\u5220\u9664\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6587\u4ef6\u5bfc\u81f4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\u6d88\u5931\u201d\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u539f\u56e0\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. \u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u6302\u8f7d\u6709\u6548\u671f\u95f4<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u5173\u952e&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u6267\u884c \u00a0umount\u00a0 \u524d\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u5378\u8f7d\u540e\u53ea\u662f\u65ad\u5f00\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u6587\u4ef6\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u82e5\u60a8\u786e\u8ba4\u201c\u5148\u5378\u8f7d\u518d\u5220\u9664\u201d&#xff0c;\u5219\u9700\u6392\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5378\u8f7d\u672a\u6210\u529f&#xff08;\u89c1\u7b2c\u4e00\u70b9&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2. \u6b8b\u7559\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4&#xff08;File Handle&#xff09;\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; NFS\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u6807\u8bc6\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u88ab\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u82e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u7a0b&#xff08;\u5982\u7ec8\u7aef\u3001\u811a\u672c&#xff09;\u4ecd\u6301\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4&#xff08;\u672a\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u53e5\u67c4\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001\u68c0\u67e5&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0\u6302\u8f7dNFS\u5e76\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6 \u00a0test.txt\u00a0&#xff08;\u672a\u5173\u95ed&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.\u00a0\u6267\u884c \u00a0umount\u00a0&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65f6\u56e0\u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u6253\u5f00&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u5165\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u00a0df\u00a0 \u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u5df2\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4ecd\u4fdd\u7559\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3.\u00a0\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5220\u9664 \u00a0test.txt\u00a0&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u901a\u8fc7\u6b8b\u7559\u53e5\u67c4\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u5bfc\u81f4\u6587\u4ef6\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e0e\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1. \u786e\u8ba4\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<p># \u65b9\u6cd51&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9&#xff08;\u5305\u62ecNFS&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>mount | grep nfs<\/p>\n<p># \u65b9\u6cd52&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u6302\u8f7d\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u6700\u51c6\u786e&#xff09;<\/p>\n<p>cat \/proc\/mounts | grep nfs<\/p>\n<p># \u65b9\u6cd53&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5360\u7528\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/p>\n<p>lsof &#043;D \/mnt\/nfs # \u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u82e5\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u4ecd\u663e\u793aNFS\u76f8\u5173\u6761\u76ee&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u6302\u8f7d\u672a\u771f\u6b63\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u9700\u7ec8\u6b62\u76f8\u5173\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u4f7f\u7528 \u00a0umount -l\u00a0 \u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d\u3002\u82e5\u4ecd\u672a\u89e3\u51b3&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u68c0\u67e5\u4f60\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u5728\u6302\u8f7d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u662f&#xff0c;\u5c31\u9000\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u518d\u67e5\u770b\u5c31\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86<\/p>\n<p>2. \u907f\u514d\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u6b63\u786e\u5378\u8f7d\u6d41\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0\u786e\u4fdd\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9&#xff08;\u5173\u95ed\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u7ec8\u7aef&#xff09;\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>2.\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528 \u00a0umount \/mnt\/nfs\u00a0 \u6b63\u5e38\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u82e5\u63d0\u793a\u201c\u8bbe\u5907\u5fd9\u201d&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528 \u00a0umount -l \/mnt\/nfs\u00a0&#xff08;\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u540e\u7eed\u65e0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u65ad\u5f00&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u5378\u8f7d\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u5165\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u76ee\u5f55\u5e94\u63d0\u793a \u201c\u6ca1\u6709\u90a3\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u201d&#xff08;\u9664\u975e\u76ee\u5f55\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u672c\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7a7a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>3. \u7406\u89e3NFS\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u72b6\u6001\u201d\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; NFS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u8bb0\u5f55\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u6302\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u53ea\u8981\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6301\u6709\u6709\u6548\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4&#xff08;\u672a\u5173\u95ed&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u88ab\u5378\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u4ecd\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u53e5\u67c4\u64cd\u4f5c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u5220\u9664\u3001\u4fee\u6539&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662fNFS\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7279\u6027&#xff0c;\u800c\u975ebug\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0\u6839\u672c\u539f\u56e0&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u9047\u5230\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u662f\u7531\u4e8e \u201cNFS\u6302\u8f7d\u672a\u5b8c\u5168\u5378\u8f7d\u201d \u6216 \u201c\u6b8b\u7559\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u201d \u5bfc\u81f4&#xff0c;\u5220\u9664\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9e\u9645\u4ecd\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u6548\u8fde\u63a5\u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2.\u00a0\u6838\u5fc3\u5efa\u8bae&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; 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