{"id":31219,"date":"2025-04-21T09:03:56","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T01:03:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/31219.html"},"modified":"2025-04-21T09:03:56","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T01:03:56","slug":"%e3%80%90%e5%ae%8c%e6%95%b4%e7%89%88%e3%80%91deepseek-r1%e5%a4%a7%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%88%e6%9e%b6%e6%9e%84%e3%80%81%e8%ae%ad%e7%bb%83%e3%80%81infra%e3%80%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/31219.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u5b8c\u6574\u7248\u3011DeepSeek-R1\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff08\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001Infra\u3001\u590d\u73b0\u4ee3\u7801\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>0 DeepSeek\u7cfb\u5217\u603b\u89c8<\/li>\n<li>1 \u6a21\u578b\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u57fa\u672c\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n<li>\u4e13\u5bb6\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\uff08MoE\uff09[DeepSeek-V2\u63d0\u51fa, DeepSeek-V3\u6539\u826f]<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u5934\u6f5c\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08MLA\uff09[DeepSeek-V2\u63d0\u51fa]<\/li>\n<li>\u591atoken\u9884\u6d4b\uff08MTP\uff09[DeepSeek-V3\u63d0\u51fa]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>2 DeepSeek-R1-Zero\u53caDeepSeek-R1\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>DeepSeek-R1-Zero with RL only<\/li>\n<li>DeepSeek-R1 with Both RL and SFT<\/li>\n<li>FP8\u6df7\u5408\u7cbe\u5ea6\u91cf\u5316 [DeepSeek-V3\u63d0\u51fa]<\/li>\n<li>\u77e5\u8bc6\u84b8\u998f [DeepSeek-R1\u63d0\u51fa]<\/li>\n<li>DeepSeek-R1\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5956\u52b1\u6a21\u578b\uff08PRM\uff09<\/li>\n<li>\u8499\u7279\u5361\u6d1b\u641c\u7d22\u6811\uff08MCTS\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>3 Infrastructures [DeepSeek-V3\u63d0\u51fa]<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8ba1\u7b97\u96c6\u7fa4<\/li>\n<li>\u8bad\u7ec3\u6846\u67b6<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>DualPipe\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97-\u901a\u4fe1overlap<\/li>\n<li>\u8de8\u8282\u70b9all-to-all\u901a\u4fe1<\/li>\n<li>\u8282\u7701\u663e\u5b58<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u63a8\u7406\u548c\u90e8\u7f72<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>Prefill\u9636\u6bb5\uff08compute bound\uff09<\/li>\n<li>Decoding\u9636\u6bb5\uff08memory bound\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u8bad\u7ec3\u6210\u672c<\/li>\n<li>DeepSeek-R1\u5f00\u6e90\u590d\u73b0\u9879\u76ee\u6c47\u603b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>0 DeepSeek\u7cfb\u5217\u603b\u89c8<\/h2>\n<p>DeepSeek-R1\u57fa\u4e8eDeepSeek-V3-Base\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8bad\u7ec3\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u4e8e\u7eaf\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\uff08DeepSeek-R1-Zero\uff09\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u591a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u51b7\u542f\u52a8\uff08DeepSeek-R1\uff09\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u84b8\u998f\u7b49\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6211\u603b\u7ed3\u7684DeepSeek\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u6574\u4f53\u6846\u67b6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010351-68059977018f9.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"><\/p>\n<h2>1 \u6a21\u578b\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h2>\n<h3>\u57fa\u672c\u53c2\u6570<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>DeepSeek-R1\u548cDeepSeek-V3\u91c7\u7528\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548cDeepSeek-V2\u7c7b\u4f3c<\/li>\n<li>Attention\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u5934\u6f5c\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08MLA\uff09<\/li>\n<li>FFN\u91c7\u7528\u65e0\u8f85\u52a9\u635f\u5931\u7684DeepSeekMoE<\/li>\n<li>61\u5c42Transformer Layer<\/li>\n<li>MoE\u4e2d1\u4e2a\u5171\u4eab\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c256\u4e2a\u8def\u7531\u4e13\u5bb6\uff0c\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2atoken\u9009\u62e9top-8\u4e13\u5bb6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010352-6805997826c15.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" width=\"600\"><\/p>\n<h3>\u4e13\u5bb6\u6df7\u5408\u6a21\u578b\uff08MoE\uff09[DeepSeek-V2\u63d0\u51fa, DeepSeek-V3\u6539\u826f]<\/h3>\n<p>MoE\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u63a8\u7406\u65f6\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u5730\u6fc0\u6d3b\u90e8\u5206\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u6210\u6bd4\u4f8b\u589e\u52a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5728DeepSeek-V2\u4e2d\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7528\u4e8eFFN\u5c42\u7684DeepSeekMoE\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u4e13\u5bb6\u5206\u914d\uff1a\u6839\u636etoken\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u5408\u9002\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6<\/li>\n<li>DeepSeek-V2\u5f15\u5165\u8f85\u52a9\u635f\u5931\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u786e\u4fddtoken\u5728\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u914d\u66f4\u52a0\u5747\u8861\u3002DeepSeek-V3\u548cDeepSeek-R1\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u91c7\u7528\u7528auxiliary-loss-free load balancing\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aexpert bias\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2abias\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u4e13\u5bb6\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4efb\u4f55\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574bias\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6overloaded\u5219\u964d\u4f4ebias\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6unoverloaded\u5219\u589e\u5927bias\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u52a0\u6cd5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5bf9gating score\u8fdb\u884cre-weight\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>DeepSeek-R1\u548cDeepSeek-V3\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u603b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf671B\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7MoE\u5bf9\u5355\u4e2atoken\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u53c2\u6570\u91cf\u4ec537B (~5.5%)\u3002MoE\u4e2d\u67091\u4e2ashared expert+256\u4e2arouted expert\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u53ea\u6fc0\u6d3b\u76848\u4e2aexert\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010352-68059978bc10e.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" width=\"600\"> Auxiliary-Loss-Free Load Balancing [DeepSeek-V3\u63d0\u51fa] \u548cDeepSeek-V3\u4e00\u6837\uff0cDeepSeek-R1\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u7ec6\u7c92\u5ea6\u7684MoE\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9bexpert\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5171\u4eabexpert\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9bexpert\u4f5c\u4e3arouted expert\u8fdb\u884c\u52a8\u6001\u6fc0\u6d3b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b2ct\u4e2atoken <span class=\"katex--inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"> u t u_t <\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.5806em;vertical-align: -0.15em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">u<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.2806em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.55em;margin-left: 0em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">t<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.15em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u662fMoE\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010353-68059979367b9.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" width=\"600\"> \u4ee5\u524d\u57fa\u4e8eauxiliary loss\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539loss function\uff0c\u5f53auxiliary loss\u5f88\u5927\u65f6\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u90a3\u4e48Auxiliary-Loss-Free\u5219\u662f\u5728gating value <span class=\"katex--inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"> g g <\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.625em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.0359em\">g<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u989d\u5916\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e86bias\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010353-680599799a192.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" width=\"600\"> \u6ce8\u610fbias\u53ea\u5f71\u54cd\u4e13\u5bb6\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u4efb\u4f55\u68af\u5ea6\u3002\u4e13\u5bb6overloaded\u5219\u964d\u4f4ebias\uff0c\u4e13\u5bb6unoverloaded\u5219\u589e\u5927bias\u3002\u8c03\u6574\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u7531\u8d85\u53c2\u6570<span class=\"katex--inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"> \u03b3 \\\\gamma <\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.625em;vertical-align: -0.1944em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.0556em\">\u03b3<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u66f4\u65b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0b\u56fe\u662f\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u51fa\u5904\uff1aAuxiliary-Loss-Free Load Balancing Strategy for Mixture-of-Experts\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b56\u7565\uff1a <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010353-68059979da9ba.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" width=\"600\"> \u548cDeepSeek-V2\u4e00\u6837\uff0cDeepSeek-V3\u548cDeepSeek-R1\u90fd\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u9650\u5236\u8bbe\u5907\u6570\u91cf\u7684MoE\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u518d\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u505atoken dropping\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u591a\u5934\u6f5c\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08MLA\uff09[DeepSeek-V2\u63d0\u51fa]<\/h3>\n<p>MLA\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06QKV\u77e9\u9635\u6295\u5f71\u5230\u4f4e\u7ef4\u6f5c\u5728\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u6210\u672c\u3002DeepSeek-V2\u4e2d\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u7528MLA\u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>MLA\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\uff0cKV cache\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u53bb\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010354-6805997a6e202.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" width=\"600\"> K\u548cV\u7684\u8054\u5408\u538b\u7f29\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250421010354-6805997adf2d5.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" width=\"400\"><\/p>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u63a8\u7406\u65f6\uff0ccache\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4f4e\u7ef4\u7684<span class=\"katex--inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"> c t K V c_t^{KV} <\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 1.0883em;vertical-align: -0.247em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\">c<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t vlist-t2\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.8413em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -2.453em;margin-left: 0em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\">t<\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"\" style=\"top: -3.063em;margin-right: 0.05em\"><span class=\"pstrut\" style=\"height: 2.7em\"><\/span><span class=\"sizing reset-size6 size3 mtight\"><span class=\"mord mtight\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right: 0.0715em\">K<\/span><span class=\"mord mathnormal mtight\" style=\"margin-right: 0.2222em\">V<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-s\">\u200b<\/span><\/span><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.247em\"><span class=\"\"><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14down-proj\u548cup-proj\u77e9\u9635\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u88ab\u5438\u6536\u8fdb<span class=\"katex--inline\"><span class=\"katex\"><span class=\"katex-mathml\"> W Q W^Q <\/span><span class=\"katex-html\"><span class=\"base\"><span class=\"strut\" style=\"height: 0.8413em\"><\/span><span class=\"mord\"><span class=\"mord mathnormal\" style=\"margin-right: 0.1389em\">W<\/span><span class=\"msupsub\"><span class=\"vlist-t\"><span class=\"vlist-r\"><span class=\"vlist\" style=\"height: 0.8413em\"><span class=\"\" style=\"top: 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