{"id":28471,"date":"2025-04-20T00:36:11","date_gmt":"2025-04-19T16:36:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/28471.html"},"modified":"2025-04-20T00:36:11","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T16:36:11","slug":"%e4%bd%bf%e7%94%a8-prometheus-%e5%92%8c-grafana-%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7-linux-windows-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/28471.html","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 Prometheus \u548c Grafana \u76d1\u63a7 Linux\/Windows \u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250419163610-6803d0fa41843.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\u5206\u6b65\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u4f7f\u7528 Prometheus \u548c Grafana \u76d1\u63a7 Linux\/Windows \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<h5>\u4e00\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u8bbe\u8ba1<\/h5>\n<li>\u6838\u5fc3\u7ec4\u4ef6&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>Prometheus&#xff1a;\u65f6\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u5e93&#xff0c;\u8d1f\u8d23\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8<\/li>\n<li>Grafana&#xff1a;\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5e73\u53f0&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u5c55\u793a\u76d1\u63a7\u6570\u636e<\/li>\n<li>Exporters&#xff1a;\n<ul>\n<li>Linux \u4f7f\u7528 node_exporter&#xff08;\u91c7\u96c6 CPU\/\u5185\u5b58\/\u78c1\u76d8\u7b49\u6307\u6807&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>Windows \u4f7f\u7528 windows_exporter&#xff08;\u652f\u6301 Server 2012&#043;\/Win10&#043;&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h5>\u4e8c\u3001\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/h5>\n<li>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8981\u6c42&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux: \u652f\u6301 systemd \u7684\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff08;CentOS\/Ubuntu \u7b49&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>Windows: Server 2012&#043;\/Win10&#043;&#xff08;\u9700\u9a8c\u8bc1 windows_exporter \u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u4e92\u901a&#xff1a;\u786e\u4fdd Prometheus \u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u88ab\u76d1\u63a7\u8282\u70b9\u7684 Exporter \u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u7aef\u53e3\u89c4\u5212&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> | \u7ec4\u4ef6            | \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3 | \u534f\u8bae  |<br \/>\n|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8211;|&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;|&#8212;&#8212;-|<br \/>\n| Prometheus      | 9090    | HTTP  |<br \/>\n| Grafana         | 3000    | HTTP  |<br \/>\n| node_exporter   | 9100    | HTTP  |<br \/>\n| windows_exporter| 9182    | HTTP  |  # \u6839\u636e\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\n <\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h5>\u4e09\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h5>\n<h6>1. Linux \u76d1\u63a7\u914d\u7f6e<\/h6>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5 node_exporter&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token comment\"># \u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5305<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">wget<\/span> https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus\/node_exporter\/releases\/download\/v1.6.1\/node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz<br \/>\n<span class=\"token function\">tar<\/span> xvfz node_exporter-* <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> <span class=\"token builtin class-name\">cd<\/span> node_exporter-*<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1&#xff08;\u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a systemd \u670d\u52a1&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n.\/node_exporter &#8211;web.listen-address<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;:9100&#034;<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u91c7\u96c6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token function\">curl<\/span> http:\/\/localhost:9100\/metrics  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u6307\u6807\u6570\u636e<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<h6>2. Windows \u76d1\u63a7\u914d\u7f6e<\/h6>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5 windows_exporter&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00&#xff1a;\u901a\u8fc7 MSI \u5b89\u88c5\u5305&#xff08;\u63a8\u8350&#xff09;<span class=\"token comment\"># \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5730\u5740&#xff1a;https:\/\/github.com\/prometheus-community\/windows_exporter\/releases<\/span><br \/>\nmsiexec <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>i windows_exporter-0<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>24<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>0-amd64<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>msi ENABLED_COLLECTORS&#061;<span class=\"token string\">&#034;cpu,memory,net,logical_disk&#034;<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<li>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c&#xff1a;\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5b89\u88c5<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>\\\\windows_exporter<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>exe <span class=\"token operator\">&#8212;<\/span>collectors<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>enabled <span class=\"token string\">&#034;cpu,memory,os,net&#034;<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5f00\u653e\u9632\u706b\u5899&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token function\">New-NetFirewallRule<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>DisplayName <span class=\"token string\">&#034;windows_exporter&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>Direction Inbound <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>Action Allow <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>Protocol TCP <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>LocalPort 9182\n <\/li>\n<h6>3. \u914d\u7f6e Prometheus<\/h6>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 prometheus.yml&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> <span class=\"token key atrule\">scrape_configs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">job_name<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;linux&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">static_configs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">targets<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;linux_ip:9100&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">job_name<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;windows&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">static_configs<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span><br \/>\n      <span class=\"token punctuation\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token key atrule\">targets<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;windows_ip:9182&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token key atrule\">params<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># Windows \u7279\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n      collect<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">:<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;cpu&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;memory&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><br \/>\n systemctl restart prometheus  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u91cd\u542f\u751f\u6548<\/span>\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1 Targets&#xff1a; \u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/prometheus_ip:9090\/targets \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a UP<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<h6>4. \u914d\u7f6e Grafana<\/h6>\n<li>\n<p>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6570\u636e\u6e90&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/grafana_ip:3000<\/li>\n<li>\u5bfc\u822a\u81f3 Configuration &gt; Data Sources &gt; Add Prometheus<\/li>\n<li>URL \u586b\u5199 http:\/\/prometheus_ip:9090<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bfc\u5165\u4eea\u8868\u76d8&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux: \u4f7f\u7528 ID 8919&#xff08;Node Exporter Full&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>Windows: \u4f7f\u7528 ID 10467&#xff08;Windows Exporter Dashboard&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u8def\u5f84&#xff1a;Create &gt; Import &gt; \u8f93\u5165 ID \u540e\u52a0\u8f7d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h5>\u56db\u3001\u5173\u952e\u6ce8\u610f\u4e8b\u9879<\/h5>\n<li>\n<p>Exporter \u7248\u672c\u517c\u5bb9\u6027&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Windows Server 2008 \u9700\u4f7f\u7528 windows_exporter v0.16.0 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u7248\u672c<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5 Exporter \u66f4\u65b0\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> &#8211; \u5efa\u8bae\u4e3a Exporter \u914d\u7f6e HTTPS \u548c Basic Auth&#xff08;\u53c2\u8003\u5f15\u7528\u4e2d BearerToken \u65b9\u6cd5&#xff09;<br \/>\n&#8211; \u9650\u5236 Prometheus \u7684\u8bbf\u95ee IP \u8303\u56f4\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u5316&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> &#8211; \u8c03\u6574 Prometheus \u7684 &#096;scrape_interval&#096;&#xff08;\u9ed8\u8ba4 15s&#xff09;<br \/>\n&#8211; \u4f7f\u7528 &#096;-storage.tsdb.retention.time&#096; \u63a7\u5236\u6570\u636e\u4fdd\u7559\u5468\u671f\n <\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u5dee\u5f02\u5904\u7406&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p> &#8211; Windows \u78c1\u76d8\u6307\u6807\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u4e0e Linux \u4e0d\u540c&#xff08;\u5982 &#096;logical_disk&#096; vs &#096;mountpoint&#096;&#xff09;<br \/>\n&#8211; Grafana \u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u53e5\u9700\u533a\u5206\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;\u4f7f\u7528 &#096;instance&#096; \u6807\u7b7e\u8fc7\u6ee4&#xff09;\n <\/li>\n<hr \/>\n<h5>\u4e94\u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5168\u94fe\u8def<\/h5>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u68c0\u67e5&#xff1a;Exporter \u2192 Prometheus&#xff08;\u67e5\u8be2\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u9a8c\u8bc1&#xff09;\u2192 Grafana&#xff08;\u56fe\u8868\u6e32\u67d3&#xff09;\n <\/li>\n<li>PromQL\u67e5\u8be2\u793a\u4f8b&#xff1a;# Linux CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387<br \/>\n100 &#8211; (avg by (instance) (rate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode&#061;&#034;idle&#034;}[5m])) * 100)<br \/>\n# Windows \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\n(windows_memory_commit_limit &#8211; windows_memory_available_bytes) \/ windows_memory_commit_limit * 100\n <\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb1k\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e11\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf23\u6b21\u3002\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u8282\u70b9\u72b6\u6001\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u3002_windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u5165linux\u7684grafana\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":28470,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1647,58,678,43],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-28471","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-grafana","tag-linux","tag-prometheus","tag-43"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u4f7f\u7528 Prometheus \u548c Grafana \u76d1\u63a7 Linux\/Windows \u670d\u52a1\u5668 - 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