{"id":27485,"date":"2025-04-19T19:51:18","date_gmt":"2025-04-19T11:51:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27485.html"},"modified":"2025-04-19T19:51:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T11:51:18","slug":"%e3%80%90haproxy%e3%80%91%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e5%9c%a8ubuntu%e4%b8%8b%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%aehaproxy%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27485.html","title":{"rendered":"\u3010HAProxy\u3011\u5982\u4f55\u5728Ubuntu\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6eHAProxy\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>HAProxy \u662f\u4e00\u6b3e\u514d\u8d39\u3001\u5f00\u6e90\u4e14\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e3a HTTP \u548c TCP \u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ee3\u7406\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff08;\u6216 Web \u5e94\u7528&#xff09;\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u65e2\u7136 Nginx \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u90a3\u6211\u6765\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u4e3a\u5565\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u60f3\u9009\u62e9 HAProxy\u3002\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;HAProxy \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u548c\u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5728 SSL \u5378\u8f7d\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7279\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u51fa\u8272\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Nginx \u53cd\u5411\u4ee3\u7406\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u597d\u5904\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u8d77\u6765\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u4e00\u4e9b&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u786e\u5b9e\u7701\u4e8b\u513f\u3002\u4f46\u662f&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u8d56 HAProxy \u624d\u662f\u660e\u667a\u4e4b\u4e3e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6307\u5357\u91cc&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u4e00\u6b65\u6b65\u6559\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Ubuntu 24.04 \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e HAProxy&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 Ubuntu 23.04\u3001Ubuntu 22.04 \u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Ubuntu \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e HAProxy<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e HAProxy \u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e91\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 HAProxy \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u6f14\u793a\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff0c;\u6211\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4f4d\u7b14\u8bb0\u672c\u7535\u8111\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e86\u4e00\u53f0\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86 HAProxy \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u968f\u540e\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u6700\u4e0d\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<p>HAProxy \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 HAProxy \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e4b\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981 1 GB \u7684 RAM\u300120 GB \u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c 2 \u4e2a CPU \u6838\u5fc3&#xff1b;\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u4f60\u6709\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 root \u6743\u9650\u6216\u8005\u81f3\u5c11\u6709 sudo \u7279\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u51c6\u5907\u5c31\u7eea\u540e&#xff0c;\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6309\u7167\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6765\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e HAProxy\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65&#xff1a;\u66f4\u65b0\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b83\u80fd\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f60\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u5217\u8868\u548c\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ sudo apt update &amp;&amp; sudo apt upgrade -y<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65&#xff1a;\u5b89\u88c5 HAProxy<\/h4>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e HAProxy \u5f88\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5b98\u65b9 Ubuntu \u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e93\u4e2d\u4e86&#xff0c;\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u8f7b\u677e\u5b89\u88c5\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ sudo apt install haproxy<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65&#xff1a;\u9a8c\u8bc1 HAProxy \u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n<p>\u8981\u786e\u8ba4 HAProxy \u5df2\u6210\u529f\u5b89\u88c5&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ haproxy -v<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5 HAProxy \u7248\u672c<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65&#xff1a;\u914d\u7f6e HAProxy<\/h4>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8282\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861&#xff0c;\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728 _\/etc\/haproxy\/haproxy.cfg_ \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u524d\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff08;\u4e3b\u8981\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff09;\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff08;\u5904\u7406\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f60\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff09;\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u624b\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u6211\u4f1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u7b80\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u9996\u5148&#xff0c;\u7528\u4f60\u559c\u6b22\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668&#xff08;\u6211\u559c\u6b22 Nano&#xff09;\u6253\u5f00 HAProxy \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ sudo nano \/etc\/haproxy\/haproxy.cfg<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u4f60\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u914d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ffd\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<p>global log \/dev\/log local0 log \/dev\/log local1 notice chroot \/var\/lib\/haproxy stats socket \/run\/haproxy\/admin.sock mode 660 level admin stats timeout 30s user haproxy group haproxy daemon<\/p>\n<p># Default SSL material locations<br \/>\nca-base \/etc\/ssl\/certs<br \/>\ncrt-base \/etc\/ssl\/private  <\/p>\n<p># See: https:\/\/ssl-config.mozilla.org\/#server&#061;haproxy&amp;server-version&#061;2.0.3&amp;config&#061;intermediate<br \/>\n    ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384<br \/>\n    ssl-default-bind-ciphersuites TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256:TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384:TLS_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256<br \/>\n    ssl-default-bind-options ssl-min-ver TLSv1.2 no-tls-tickets  <\/p>\n<p>defaults log global mode http option httplog option dontlognull timeout connect 5000 timeout client 50000 timeout server 50000 errorfile 400 \/etc\/haproxy\/errors\/400.http errorfile 403 \/etc\/haproxy\/errors\/403.http errorfile 408 \/etc\/haproxy\/errors\/408.http errorfile 500 \/etc\/haproxy\/errors\/500.http errorfile 502 \/etc\/haproxy\/errors\/502.http errorfile 503 \/etc\/haproxy\/errors\/503.http errorfile 504 \/etc\/haproxy\/errors\/504.http<\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e HAProxy \u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff08;\u76d1\u542c 80 \u7aef\u53e3&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9700\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u7c98\u8d34\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6a21\u677f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u66ff\u6362\u8282\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f&#xff08;\u7ea2\u8272\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u90e8\u5206&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>frontend HAProxy_Server bind *:80 default_backend Apache_Web_Servers<\/p>\n<p>backend Apache_Web_Servers mode http balance roundrobin server server1 192.168.1.102:80 check server server2 192.168.1.103:80 check<\/p>\n<p>\u5b8c\u6210\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f60\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u4f1a\u50cf\u8fd9\u6837&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>HAProxy \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<p>\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u6700\u597d\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8bed\u6cd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ sudo haproxy -c -f \/etc\/haproxy\/haproxy.cfg<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5 HAProxy \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65&#xff1a;\u91cd\u542f HAProxy<\/h4>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u65f6\u5019\u91cd\u542f HAProxy \u670d\u52a1\u4ee5\u5e94\u7528\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6240\u505a\u7684\u66f4\u6539\u4e86&#xff0c;\u540c\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u4f1a\u542f\u7528 HAProxy \u670d\u52a1&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ sudo systemctl restart haproxy<br \/>\n$ sudo systemctl enable haproxy<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u542f\u548c\u542f\u7528 HAProxy \u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Ubuntu \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5 UrBackup [\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\/\u670d\u52a1\u5668] \u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u516d\u6b65&#xff1a;\u68c0\u67e5 HAProxy \u72b6\u6001<\/h4>\n<p>\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;\u68c0\u67e5 HAProxy \u670d\u52a1\u7684\u72b6\u6001&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u6b63\u5728\u65e0\u6545\u969c\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ systemctl status haproxy<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5 HAProxy \u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001<\/p>\n<h4>\u7b2c\u4e03\u6b65&#xff1a;\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;<\/h4>\n<p>Ubuntu \u9ed8\u8ba4\u9884\u88c5\u4e86 UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall)&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u4fdd\u62a4\u7f51\u7edc&#xff0c;\u8bb0\u5f97\u5141\u8bb8 80 \u7aef\u53e3\u4ee5\u542f\u7528\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684 HAProxy \u6d41\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ sudo ufw allow 80<br \/>\n$ sudo ufw status<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5141\u8bb8 80 \u7aef\u53e3<\/p>\n<p>\u641e\u5b9a&#xff01;\u73b0\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u914d\u7f6e\u597d\u4e86 HAProxy&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5c06\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u6d41\u91cf&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8282\u70b9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u91cc&#xff0c;\u4f60\u5b66\u4f1a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Ubuntu \u4e0a\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6e HAProxy \u7528\u4e8e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u51b0\u5c71\u4e00\u89d2\u2014\u2014HAProxy \u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u914d\u7f6e\u7b49\u7740\u4f60\u53bb\u63a2\u7d22\u3002\u60f3\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u5f3a\u70c8\u5efa\u8bae\u67e5\u9605\u5b83\u7684 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