{"id":27350,"date":"2025-04-19T19:21:43","date_gmt":"2025-04-19T11:21:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27350.html"},"modified":"2025-04-19T19:21:43","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T11:21:43","slug":"linux%e5%a4%8d%e4%b9%a0-%e4%ba%94%e7%a7%8dio%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b-%e9%98%bb%e5%a1%9eio%e3%80%81%e9%9d%9e%e9%98%bb%e5%a1%9eio%e3%80%81%e4%bf%a1%e5%8f%b7%e9%a9%b1%e5%8a%a8io-io","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27350.html","title":{"rendered":"[Linux\u590d\u4e60 -- \u4e94\u79cdIO\u6a21\u578b] \u2014\u2014 \u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u9a71\u52a8IO IO\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u3001\u5f02\u6b65IO\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001select \u3001poll\u3001epoll \u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u5c01\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

1 \u4e94\u79cdIO\u6a21\u578b<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u963b\u585eIO：\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u524d，\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u662f\u963b\u585e\u65b9\u5f0f<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u975e\u963b\u585eIO：\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u597d，\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4ecd\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de，\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd4\u56deEWOULDBLOCK\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bb2\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4ed6\u6709\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5c31\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u4e0a\u6765，\u4f46\u662f\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u679c，\u5982\u679c\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684，\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6539\u6210\u79f0\u4e3a\u8f6e\u8be2<\/span>，\u4f46\u662f\u8f6e\u8be2\u662f\u5bf9CPU\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39，\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4fe1\u53f7\u9a71\u52a8IO：\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u65f6，\u4f7f\u7528SIGIO\u4fe1\u53f7\u901a\u77e5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884cIO\u64cd\u4f5c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 IO\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5：\u4ece\u6d41\u7a0b\u56fe\u4e0a\u770b\u548c\u963b\u585eIO\u7c7b\u4f3c，\u4f46\u662fIO\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f\u540c\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5f02\u6b65IO：\u7531\u5185\u6838\u5728\u6570\u636e\u62f7\u8d1d\u5b8c\u6210\u65f6，\u901a\u77e5\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f（\u4fe1\u53f7\u9a71\u52a8\u662f\u544a\u8bc9\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f55\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u62f7\u8d1d\u6570\u636e）<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5c0f\u7ed3：\u4efb\u4f55IO\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4，\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u7b49\u5f85，\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u662f\u62f7\u8d1d，\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d，\u7b49\u5f85\u6d88\u8017\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u8fdc\u8fdc\u9ad8\u4e8e\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u65f6\u95f4，\u8ba9IO\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548，\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u7b49\u5f85\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5c3d\u91cf\u7684\u5c11<\/p>\n

2 \u9ad8\u7ea7IO\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6982\u5ff5<\/h2>\n

2.1 \u540c\u6b65\u901a\u4fe1\u00a0 vs\u00a0 \u5f02\u6b65\u901a\u4fe1<\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u540c\u6b65\u548c\u5f02\u6b65\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u6d88\u606f\u901a\u4fe1\u673a\u5236<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6240\u8c13\u540c\u6b65，\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u53d1\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u65f6，\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u524d，\u8be5\u8c03\u7528\u5c31\u4e0d\u8fd4\u56de，\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u65e6\u8c03\u7528\u8fd4\u56de，\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e86；\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4，\u5c31\u662f\u7531<\/span>\u8c03\u7528\u8005<\/span>\u4e3b\u52a8\u7b49\u5f85\u8fd9\u4e2a<\/span>\u8c03\u7528<\/span>\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5f02\u6b65\u5219\u662f\u76f8\u53cd，\u8c03\u7528\u5728\u53d1\u51fa\u4e4b\u540e，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86，\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c; \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4，\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f02\u6b65\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528\u53d1\u51fa\u540e，\u8c03\u7528\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7acb\u523b\u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c; <\/span>\u800c\u662f\u5728<\/span>\u8c03\u7528<\/span>\u53d1\u51fa\u540e，<\/span>\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u8005<\/span>\u901a\u8fc7\u72b6\u6001\u3001\u901a\u77e5\u6765\u901a\u77e5\u8c03\u7528\u8005，\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.2 \u963b\u585e\u548c\u975e\u963b\u585e<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u963b\u585e\u548c\u975e\u963b\u585e\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u8c03\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u6307\u8c03\u7528\u7ed3\u679c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e4b\u524d，\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b\u4f1a\u88ab\u6302\u8d77. <\/span>\u8c03\u7528\u7ebf\u7a0b\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de. \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u975e\u963b\u585e\u8c03\u7528\u6307\u5728\u4e0d\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u5f97\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u4e4b\u524d，\u8be5\u8c03\u7528\u4e0d\u4f1a\u963b\u585e\u5f53\u524d\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/span><\/p>\n

3 \u8be6\u89e3IO\u6a21\u5f0f\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u63a5\u53e3<\/span><\/h2>\n

3.1 \u975e\u963b\u585eIO<\/h3>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 fcntl\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6211\u4eec\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e09\u79cd\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u975e\u963b\u585e<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5148\u4f7f\u7528F_GETFL\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\u53d6\u51fa\u6765（\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u56fe），\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684fl<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528F_SETFL\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u8bbe\u7f6e\u56de\u53bb\u7684\u540c\u65f6，\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2aO_NONBLOCK\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <fcntl.h>
\nvoid SetNoBlock(int fd)
\n{
\n int fl = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
\n if (fl < 0)
\n {
\n perror("fcntl");
\n return;
\n }
\n fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, fl | O_NONBLOCK);
\n} <\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u8f6e\u8be2\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u975e\u963b\u585e，\u7136\u540e\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <fcntl.h>
\nvoid SetNoBlock(int fd)
\n{
\n int fl = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
\n if (fl < 0)
\n {
\n perror("fcntl");
\n return;
\n }
\n fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, fl | O_NONBLOCK);
\n}
\nint main()
\n{
\n SetNoBlock(0);
\n while (1)
\n {
\n char buf[1024] = {0};
\n ssize_t read_size = read(0, buf, sizeof(buf) – 1);
\n if (read_size < 0)
\n {
\n perror("read");
\n sleep(1);
\n continue;
\n }
\n printf("input:%s\\\\n", buf);
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u56fe<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

3.2 I\/O\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u4e4bselect<\/h3>\n

\u8ba4\u8bc6select<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684select\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u7528\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u8def\u590d\u7528\u8f93\u5165\/\u8f93\u51fa\u6a21\u578b<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 select\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76d1\u89c6\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316\u7684<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u505c\u5728select\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b49\u5f85，\u76f4\u5230\u88ab\u76d1\u89c6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u72b6\u6001\u53d8\u5316<\/p>\n

select\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b\u4ee5\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u542b\u4e49<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

select\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：\u68c0\u6d4b\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\n#include <vector>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <sys\/select.h><\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n fd_set fds;
\n FD_ZERO(&fds);
\n FD_SET(0,&fds);
\n for(;;)
\n {
\n int n = select(1,&fds,NULL,NULL,NULL);
\n if(n<0)
\n {
\n perror("select");
\n continue;
\n }
\n if(FD_ISSET(0,&fds))
\n {
\n char buffer[1024] = {0};
\n read(0,buffer,sizeof(buffer));
\n printf("input : %s",buffer);
\n }
\n else{
\n printf("error ! invail fd\\\\n");
\n continue;
\n }
\n FD_ZERO(&fds);
\n FD_SET(0,&fds);
\n }
\n return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u6d4b\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u5426\u5c31\u7eea\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u8bfb\u53d6，\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u80fd\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u7684\u770b\u5230select\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9，fds\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21select\u524d\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e76\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u533a\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001，\u8fd9\u76f8\u5f53\u7684\u4e0d\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7select\u5b9e\u73b0TCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b，\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7528\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u518d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2alistenfd\u7528\u6765\u76d1\u542c\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5728\u6211\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7f16\u7a0b\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u662f\u5c01\u88c5\u8fc7\u7684，\u5728\u6587\u672b\u4f1a\u7ed9，\u8fd8\u6709\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6587\u672b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ed9\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\n#include <vector>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <sys\/select.h>
\n#include "Socket.hpp"<\/p>\n

#define BUFFERMAX 1024<\/p>\n

const int defaultprot = 8888;
\nconst int defaultfd = 1024;
\nconst int defaultnot = -1;<\/p>\n

class Select_Server
\n{
\npublic:
\n Select_Server()
\n :listenfd_(new Sock)
\n {
\n for (int i = 0; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n rfds[i] = defaultnot;
\n }
\n ~Select_Server() {}<\/p>\n

public:
\n void Init()
\n {
\n listenfd_->Socket();
\n listenfd_->Bind(defaultprot);
\n listenfd_->Listen();
\n }
\n void Start()
\n {
\n fd_set readfds;
\n FD_ZERO(&readfds);
\n FD_SET(listenfd_->Fd(), &readfds);
\n rfds[0] = listenfd_->Fd();
\n for (;;)
\n {
\n int maxfd = 0;
\n FD_ZERO(&readfds);
\n for (int i = 0; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n {
\n if (rfds[i] != defaultnot)
\n {
\n FD_SET(rfds[i], &readfds); \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5230readfds\u91cc
\n if (rfds[i] > maxfd)
\n maxfd = rfds[i];
\n }
\n }
\n \/\/\u8fd9\u91cc\u662fselect\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f0a\u7aef，\u6bcf\u4e00\u5403\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u524d\u90fd\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u6dfb\u52a0\u5f85\u5173\u5fc3\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/p>\n

\/\/\u901a\u8fc7select\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea
\n int n = select(maxfd + 1, &readfds, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
\n if (n == 0)
\n {
\n std::cout << "timeout " << std::endl;
\n }
\n else if (n == -1)
\n {
\n std::cout << "select error" << std::endl;
\n exit(1);
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n \/\/ \u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea
\n if (FD_ISSET(listenfd_->Fd(), &readfds)) \/\/ \u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u4e0d\u662flistenfd
\n {
\n \/\/ \u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u6765
\n std::string clientip;
\n uint16_t clientport;
\n int sock = listenfd_->Accept(&clientip, &clientport);
\n \/\/ \u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ecesock\u4e2d\u8bfb\u6570\u636e，\u7406\u89e3\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fde\u63a5\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53d1\u6570\u636e
\n int i = 0;
\n for (i = 0; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n {
\n \/\/ int pos = 0;
\n \/\/ for (; pos < defaultfd; pos++)
\n \/\/ {
\n \/\/ if (rfds[pos] != defaultnot)
\n \/\/ continue;
\n \/\/ if (rfds[pos] == defaultnot)
\n \/\/ break;
\n \/\/ }
\n \/\/ if (pos != defaultfd)
\n \/\/ {
\n \/\/ rfds[pos] = sock;
\n \/\/ std::cout<<sock<<"Added successfully";
\n \/\/ }
\n \/\/ else
\n \/\/ std::cout << "The connection is full" << std::endl;
\n if(rfds[i] == defaultnot) break;
\n }<\/p>\n

if(i == defaultfd)
\n {
\n std::cout << "The connection is full" << std::endl;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n rfds[i] = sock;
\n std::cout<<sock<<"Added successfully";
\n }
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n \/\/ \u8bf4\u660e\u8bfb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea
\n for (int i = 1; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n {
\n if (rfds[i] != defaultnot && FD_ISSET(rfds[i], &readfds))
\n {
\n char buffer[BUFFERMAX];
\n memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
\n \/\/ \u786e\u5b9a\u8981\u8bfb\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6
\n int m = read(rfds[i], buffer, sizeof(buffer));
\n if (m == 0)
\n {
\n std::cout << "Clear Connection" << std::endl;
\n rfds[i] = defaultnot;
\n }
\n else if (m == -1)
\n rfds[i] = defaultnot;
\n else
\n {
\n std::cout << "rfd["<<i<<"]"<< "buffer:" << buffer << std::endl;
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n }<\/p>\n

private:
\n Sock *listenfd_;
\n int rfds[defaultfd];
\n}; <\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

#include"Socket.hpp"
\n#include"Log.hpp"
\n#include"Select_Server.hpp"
\n#include<memory><\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n std::unique_ptr<Select_Server> select(new Select_Server);
\n select->Init();
\n select->Start();
\n return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8fd0\u884c\u6548\u679c\u5982\u56fe，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u5bf9\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bfb\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u7b2c\u56db\u4e2a\u7528\u6237<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7684\u54cd\u5e94<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u4ec5\u4ec5\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8bfb\u5199\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u4f60\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9a\u5236\u534f\u8bae\u6765\u9650\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u6bd4\u5982\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2aselect\u7f51\u7edc\u7248\u672c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a，\u6216\u8005\u4e00\u4e2aselect\u7f51\u7edc\u7248\u672c\u5b57\u5178\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3 I\/O\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u4e4bpoll（\u4e86\u89e3\u5373\u53ef）<\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u8bf4\u767d\u4e86\u5176\u5b9epoll\u5c31\u662f\u9488\u5bf9select\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684，\u4f60select\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u590d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5f85\u5173\u5fc3\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u6211\u5c31poll\u5c31\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8，\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6，\u8fd4\u56de\u4e8b\u4ef6\u96c6\u5408，\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u7684<\/p>\n

\u00a0poll\u7684\u4f18\u70b9：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 pollfd\u7ed3\u6784\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8981\u76d1\u89c6\u7684event\u548c\u53d1\u751f\u7684event，\u4e0d\u518d\u4f7f\u7528select"\u53c2\u6570-\u503c"\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f，\u63a5\u53e3\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4select\u65b9\u4fbf<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 poll\u6ca1\u6709\u6700\u5927\u6570\u91cf\u9650\u5236，\u4f46\u662f\u6570\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u6027\u80fd\u4f1a\u4e0b\u964d\u00a0<\/p>\n

poll\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9：<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u548cselect\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u6837，poll\u8fd4\u56de\u540e，\u9700\u8981\u8f6e\u8be2pollfd\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6bcf\u6b21\u8c03\u7528poll\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5927\u91cf\u7684pollfd\u7ed3\u6784\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u6001\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5185\u6838\u4e2d<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u540c\u65f6\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u6709\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u5904\u4e8e\u5c31\u7eea\u72b6\u6001, <\/span>\u56e0\u6b64\u968f\u7740\u76d1\u89c6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f<\/span>, <\/span>\u5176\u6548 \u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7ebf\u6027\u4e0b\u964d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7poll\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2aTCP\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\n#include <vector>
\n#include <unistd.h>
\n#include <sys\/poll.h>
\n#include <vector><\/p>\n

#include "Socket.hpp"<\/p>\n

#define BUFFERMAX 1024<\/p>\n

const int defaultprot = 8888;
\nconst int defaultfd = 64;
\nconst int defaultnot = -1;
\nconst int non_event = 0;<\/p>\n

class Poll_Server
\n{
\npublic:
\n Poll_Server()
\n : listenfd_(new Sock)
\n {
\n for (int i = 0; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n {
\n read_fds[i].fd = defaultnot;
\n read_fds[i].events = non_event;
\n read_fds[i].revents = non_event;
\n }
\n }
\n ~Poll_Server() {}<\/p>\n

public:
\n void Init()
\n {
\n listenfd_->Socket();
\n listenfd_->Bind(defaultprot);
\n listenfd_->Listen();
\n }
\n void Accpet_()
\n {
\n uint16_t Client_Port = 0;
\n std::string Client_ip;
\n int newsock = listenfd_->Accept(&Client_ip, &Client_Port);
\n int i = 1;
\n for (; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n {
\n if (read_fds[i].fd != defaultnot)
\n continue;
\n else break;
\n }
\n read_fds[i].fd = newsock;
\n read_fds[i].events = POLLIN;
\n read_fds[i].revents = non_event;
\n Print_Fd();
\n }
\n void Read_(struct pollfd sock)
\n {
\n char buffer[BUFFERMAX];
\n memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
\n int n = read(sock.fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
\n if (n < 0)
\n {
\n std::cout << "read error" << std::endl;
\n close(sock.fd);
\n sock.fd = defaultnot;
\n \/\/close(sock.fd);
\n \/\/sock.events = non_event;
\n }
\n else if (n == 0)
\n {
\n std::cout << "timeout" << std::endl;
\n close(sock.fd);
\n sock.fd = defaultnot;<\/p>\n

\/\/sock.events = non_event;
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n std::string buf = buffer;
\n std::cout << "Client #" << buf << std::endl;
\n }
\n }
\n void Start()
\n {
\n \/\/ fd_set readfds;
\n \/\/ FD_ZERO(&readfds);
\n \/\/ FD_SET(listenfd_->Fd(), &readfds);
\n read_fds[0].fd = listenfd_->Fd();
\n read_fds[0].events = POLLIN; \/\/\u8bbe\u7f6e0\u53f7\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e3a\u53ef\u8bfb
\n read_fds[0].revents = non_event;
\n int timeout = 3000;
\n for (;;) \/\/1.\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e3b\u5faa\u73af
\n {
\n \/\/ int maxfd = 0;
\n \/\/ FD_ZERO(&readfds);
\n \/\/ for (int i = 0; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n \/\/ {
\n \/\/ if (rfds[i] != defaultnot)
\n \/\/ {
\n \/\/ FD_SET(rfds[i], &readfds); \/\/ \u6dfb\u52a0\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5230readfds\u91cc
\n \/\/ if (rfds[i] > maxfd)
\n \/\/ maxfd = rfds[i];
\n \/\/ }
\n \/\/ }
\n \/\/ \u901a\u8fc7select\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea<\/p>\n

int n = poll(read_fds, defaultfd, timeout); \/\/poll\u7b49\u5f85\u4e8b\u4ef6
\n std::cout<<n<<std::endl;
\n if (n == 0)
\n {
\n \/\/ std::cout << "timeout " << std::endl;
\n std::cout << "poll timeout" << std::endl;
\n }
\n else if (n == -1)
\n {
\n std::cout << "poll error" << std::endl;
\n exit(1);
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n \/\/ \u610f\u5473\u7740\u6709\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5c31\u7eea
\n for (int i = 0; i < defaultfd; i++)
\n {
\n int fd = read_fds[i].fd;
\n if (fd == defaultnot)
\n continue; \/\/\u8df3\u51fa\u672c\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u4ee5\u627e\u5230\u5c31\u7eea\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6
\n else
\n {
\n if (read_fds[i].revents & POLLIN)
\n {
\n if (fd == listenfd_->Fd())
\n {
\n Accpet_();
\n }
\n else
\n {
\n Read_(read_fds[i]);
\n }
\n }
\n \/\/Print_Fd();
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n }
\n void Print_Fd()
\n {
\n for(int i = 0;i<defaultfd;i++)
\n if(read_fds[i].fd != defaultnot) std::cout<<read_fds[i].fd<<" ";
\n }
\nprivate:
\n Sock *listenfd_;
\n \/\/ int rfds[defaultfd];
\n struct pollfd read_fds[defaultfd];
\n};<\/p>\n

#include<iostream>
\n#include"Poll_Server.hpp"
\n\/\/#include"bit_poll.hpp"<\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n Poll_Server* poll_(new Poll_Server);
\n poll_->Init();
\n poll_->Start();
\n return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

3.4 I\/O\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u4e4bepoll<\/h3>\n

epoll\u521d\u8bc6\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u6309\u7167man\u624b\u518c\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5：epoll\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5904\u7406\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u53e5\u67c4\u800c\u505a\u4e86\u6539\u8fdb\u7684poll<\/p>\n

epoll\u76f8\u5173\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528<\/p>\n

\"\"\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\"\"<\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb985\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e9\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf26\u6b21\u3002\u963b\u585eIO\uff1a\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u524d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u9ed8\u8ba4\u90fd\u662f\u963b\u585e\u65b9\u5f0f\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u51c6\u5907\u597d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u4ecd\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd4\u56deEWOULDBLOCK\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bb2\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u4ea7\u751f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u6211\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u4ed6\u6709\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5c31\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8bfb\u4e0a\u6765\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u8fd4\u56de\u4e86\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u6765\u8fbe\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\u8bfb\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6539\u6210\u79f0\u4e3a\u8f6e\u8be2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8f6e\u8be2\u662f\u5bf9CPU\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u5927\u7684\u6d6a\u8d39\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27330,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55,58,2180,43,305,78],"topic":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-27350","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","6":"hentry","7":"category-server","8":"tag-c","9":"tag-linux","11":"tag-43","12":"tag-305","13":"tag-78"},"yoast_head":"\n[Linux\u590d\u4e60 - \u4e94\u79cdIO\u6a21\u578b] \u2014\u2014 \u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u9a71\u52a8IO IO\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u3001\u5f02\u6b65IO\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001select \u3001poll\u3001epoll \u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u5c01\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u5668 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27350.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[Linux\u590d\u4e60 - \u4e94\u79cdIO\u6a21\u578b] \u2014\u2014 \u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u9a71\u52a8IO IO\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u3001\u5f02\u6b65IO\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001select \u3001poll\u3001epoll \u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u5c01\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u5668 - 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\u4e94\u79cdIO\u6a21\u578b] \u2014\u2014 \u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u9a71\u52a8IO IO\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u3001\u5f02\u6b65IO\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001select \u3001poll\u3001epoll \u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u5c01\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u5668 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-04-19T11:21:43+00:00","dateModified":"2025-04-19T11:21:43+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27350.html#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"zh-Hans","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27350.html"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/27350.html#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"[Linux\u590d\u4e60 -- \u4e94\u79cdIO\u6a21\u578b] \u2014\u2014 \u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585eIO\u3001\u4fe1\u53f7\u9a71\u52a8IO IO\u591a\u8def\u8f6c\u63a5\u3001\u5f02\u6b65IO\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u76f8\u5173\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3001select \u3001poll\u3001epoll \u4ee5\u53ca\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63a5\u53e3\u5c01\u88c5\u670d\u52a1\u5668"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/","name":"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3","description":"\u9999\u6e2f\u670d\u52a1\u5668_\u9999\u6e2f\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d44\u8baf_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863_\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6559\u7a0b","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"zh-Hans"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/358e386c577a3ab51c4493330a20ad41","name":"admin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"zh-Hans","@id":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","contentUrl":"https:\/\/gravatar.wp-china-yes.net\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mystery","caption":"admin"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/wp.wsisp.com"],"url":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/author\/admin"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27350"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27350\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27330"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27350"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27350"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27350"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=27350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}