Node.js \u7684 http \u6a21\u5757\u662f Node.js \u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u4e00，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u521b\u5efa HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 http.createServer() \u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u4e00\u4e2a\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570，\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u88ab\u8c03\u7528，\u53c2\u6570\u4e3a req（\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61）\u548c res（\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61）\u3002<\/p>\n
const http = require('http');<\/p>\n
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
\n res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text\/plain'});
\n res.end('Hello World
\n');
\n});<\/p>\n
server.listen(3000, () => {
\n console.log(`\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u5728 http:\/\/localhost:3000\/`);
\n});<\/p>\n
Node.js \u7684 http \u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u54cd\u5e94 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f http.ServerResponse \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u7528：<\/p>\n
writeHead(statusCode, [reasonPhrase], [headers]):<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002statusCode \u662f\u72b6\u6001\u7801，reasonPhrase \u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u77ed\u8bed（\u4f8b\u5982：\u201cOK\u201d），headers \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u5934\u90e8\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text\/plain' });\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
write(chunk, [encoding]):<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u7684\u7247\u6bb5\u3002chunk \u662f\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5757，encoding \u662f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7f16\u7801，\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 'utf8'\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.write('Hello, ');
\nres.write('World!', 'utf8');\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
end([data], [encoding]):<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u53d1\u9001 HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7247\u6bb5，\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 data，\u5219\u4f1a\u5148\u53d1\u9001\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.end('This is the end of the response.');\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
setHeader(name, value):<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u8bbe\u7f6e\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5 name \u7684\u503c\u4e3a value\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application\/json');\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
getHeader(name):<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5 name \u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
const contentType = res.getHeader('Content-Type');\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
removeHeader(name):<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u79fb\u9664\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5 name\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.removeHeader('Content-Type');\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
addTrailers(headers):<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u6dfb\u52a0 HTTP \u5c3e\u90e8\u5b57\u6bb5，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u5728\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u4e4b\u540e\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.addTrailers({ 'Content-MD5': '7895bf4e1c23b21b' });\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
flush():<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u5237\u65b0\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u7f13\u51b2\u533a，\u53d1\u9001\u4efb\u4f55\u7f13\u51b2\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.flush();\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
finish():<\/p>\n
\u4f5c\u7528：\u7ed3\u675f\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u679c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u9001\u5b8c\u6bd5，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u6ca1\u6709\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53\u8fd8\u5728\u53d1\u9001\u4e2d，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u53d1\u9001\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
res.finish();\n <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
setTimeout(msecs, callback):<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
* **\u4f5c\u7528**：\u8bbe\u7f6e\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u54cd\u5e94\u5728 `msecs` \u6beb\u79d2\u5185\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u675f，\u90a3\u4e48\u54cd\u5e94\u5c06\u88ab\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed3\u675f\u3002
\n* **\u793a\u4f8b**：<\/p>\n
res.setTimeout(3000, () => {
\n console.log('Response timed out');
\n });<\/p>\n
* **\u4f5c\u7528**：\u9500\u6bc1\u6d41，\u8fd9\u5c06\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a RST \u5305\u5230 TCP \u5c42，\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u95ed\u8fde\u63a5\u3002
\n* **\u793a\u4f8b**：<\/p>\n
res.destroy(new Error('Something went wrong'));<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u63a7\u5236 HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027，\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728Node.js\u4e2d，http\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86request\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662fhttp.request\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f：<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n
const http = require(\u2018http\u2019);<\/p>\n
const options = { hostname: \u2018www.example.com\u2019, port: 80, path: \u2018\/path\u2019, method: \u2018GET\u2019 };<\/p>\n
const req = http.request(options, (res) => { console.log(\u72b6\u6001\u7801: ${res.statusCode});<\/p>\n
res.on(\u2018data\u2019, (chunk) => { console.log(\u6536\u5230\u6570\u636e\u5757: ${chunk}); });<\/p>\n
res.on(\u2018end\u2019, () => { console.log(\u2018\u54cd\u5e94\u7ed3\u675f\u2019); }); });<\/p>\n
req.on(\u2018error\u2019, (e) => { console.error(\u8bf7\u6c42\u9047\u5230\u95ee\u9898: ${e.message}); });<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u7ed3\u675f\u8bf7\u6c42 req.end();<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53d1\u9001POST\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n
const http = require(\u2018http\u2019); const querystring = require(\u2018querystring\u2019);<\/p>\n
const postData = querystring.stringify({ key1: \u2018value1\u2019, key2: \u2018value2\u2019 });<\/p>\n
const options = { hostname: \u2018www.example.com\u2019, port: 80, path: \u2018\/path\u2019, method: \u2018POST\u2019, headers: { \u2018Content-Type\u2019: \u2018application\/x-www-form-urlencoded\u2019, \u2018Content-Length\u2019: Buffer.byteLength(postData) } };<\/p>\n
const req = http.request(options, (res) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94 });<\/p>\n
req.on(\u2018error\u2019, (e) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u9519\u8bef });<\/p>\n
req.write(postData); req.end();<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u53d1\u9001JSON\u6570\u636e<\/p>\n
const http = require(\u2018http\u2019); const JSON.stringify;<\/p>\n
const data = { key1: \u2018value1\u2019, key2: \u2018value2\u2019 };<\/p>\n
const options = { hostname: \u2018www.example.com\u2019, port: 80, path: \u2018\/path\u2019, method: \u2018POST\u2019, headers: { \u2018Content-Type\u2019: \u2018application\/json\u2019, \u2018Content-Length\u2019: Buffer.byteLength(JSON.stringify(data)) } };<\/p>\n
const req = http.request(options, (res) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94 });<\/p>\n
req.on(\u2018error\u2019, (e) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u9519\u8bef });<\/p>\n
req.write(JSON.stringify(data)); req.end();<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u4f7f\u7528GET\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n
const http = require(\u2018http\u2019); const querystring = require(\u2018querystring\u2019);<\/p>\n
const params = { key1: \u2018value1\u2019, key2: \u2018value2\u2019 };<\/p>\n
const options = { hostname: \u2018www.example.com\u2019, port: 80, path: \/path?${querystring.stringify(params)}, method: \u2018GET\u2019 };<\/p>\n
const req = http.request(options, (res) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94 });<\/p>\n
req.on(\u2018error\u2019, (e) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u9519\u8bef });<\/p>\n
req.end();<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/p>\n
const http = require(\u2018http\u2019);<\/p>\n
let redirectCount = 0;<\/p>\n
const options = { hostname: \u2018www.example.com\u2019, port: 80, path: \u2018\/path\u2019, method: \u2018GET\u2019 };<\/p>\n
const req = http.request(options, (res) => { if (res.statusCode === 301 || res.statusCode === 302) { if (redirectCount < 10) { redirectCount++; const location = res.headers.location; options.path = location; const newReq = http.request(options, (res) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94 }); newReq.end(); } else { console.log(\u2018Too many redirects\u2019); } } else { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94 } });<\/p>\n
req.on(\u2018error\u2019, (e) => { \/\/ \u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u9519\u8bef });<\/p>\n
req.end();<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528Node.js\u7684http\u6a21\u5757\u53d1\u9001\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u672c\u7684GET\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001POST\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u53d1\u9001JSON\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5904\u7406GET\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e POST \u8bf7\u6c42，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u542c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684 data \u548c end \u4e8b\u4ef6\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n
const http = require('http');
\nconst server = http.createServer((req, res) => {<\/p>\n
if (req.method === 'POST' && req.url === '\/submit') {
\n let body = '';<\/p>\n
req.on('data', chunk => {
\n body += chunk.toString();
\n });<\/p>\n
req.on('end', () => {
\n res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'text\/plain' });
\n res.end(`Received data: ${body}`);
\n });<\/p>\n
} else {<\/p>\n
res.writeHead(404, { 'Content-Type': 'text\/plain' });<\/p>\n
res.end('404 Not Found');
\n }
\n});
\nserver.listen(3000, () => {
\n console.log('Server running at http:\/\/localhost:3000\/');
\n});<\/p>\n
\u5728Node.js\u7684http\u6a21\u5757\u4e2d，\u8bbe\u7f6e\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f\u901a\u8fc7http.ServerResponse\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5writeHead\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8bbe\u7f6e\u54cd\u5e94\u5934\u548c\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7684\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n
const http = require('http');<\/p>\n
const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
\n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a200（OK），\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u54cd\u5e94\u5934
\n res.writeHead(200, {
\n 'Content-Type': 'text\/plain', \/\/ mime\u7c7b\u578b
\n 'Custom-Header': 'Custom Value'
\n });<\/p>\n
\/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53
\n res.end('Hello, World!');
\n});<\/p>\n
server.listen(3000, () => {
\n console.log('Server running at http:\/\/localhost:3000\/');
\n});<\/p>\n
\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u7684\u7c7b\u578b<\/p>\n
HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u5206\u4e3a\u51e0\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b，\u6bcf\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u7c7b\u522b：<\/p>\n
1xx（\u4fe1\u606f\u6027\u72b6\u6001\u7801）：\u8868\u793a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
2xx（\u6210\u529f\u72b6\u6001\u7801）：\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5df2\u6210\u529f\u88ab\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5e76\u63a5\u53d7\u3002<\/p>\n
3xx（\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u72b6\u6001\u7801）：\u8868\u793a\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n
4xx（\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9519\u8bef\u72b6\u6001\u7801）：\u8868\u793a\u8bf7\u6c42\u5305\u542b\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u65e0\u6cd5\u88ab\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n
5xx（\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9519\u8bef\u72b6\u6001\u7801）：\u8868\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662fHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u90e8\u5206，\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u542b\u4e49，\u5e76\u636e\u6b64\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n
MIME（Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions，\u591a\u7528\u9014\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u90ae\u4ef6\u6269\u5c55）\u7c7b\u578b，\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5a92\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b，\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6，\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u5728HTTP\u534f\u8bae\u4e2d，MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u7528\u4e8e\u544a\u8bc9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6216\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u4f20\u8f93\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2aMIME\u7c7b\u578b\u7531\u4e24\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210：\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u5b50\u7c7b\u578b，\u4e2d\u95f4\u7528\u659c\u6760（\/）\u5206\u9694\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176\u63cf\u8ff0：<\/p>\n
Text-based MIME types:<\/p>\n
Image MIME types:<\/p>\n
Audio MIME types:<\/p>\n
Video MIME types:<\/p>\n
Application MIME types:<\/p>\n
Font MIME types:<\/p>\n
Other MIME types:<\/p>\n
MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u5728HTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u7684Content-Type\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a，\u544a\u8bc9\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u540c\u6837，\u5728\u53d1\u9001HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6，Accept\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u80fd\u591f\u5904\u7406\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868，\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6839\u636e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u8fd4\u56de\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
Node.js \u7684 http \u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406 JSON \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u8fd4\u56de JSON \u54cd\u5e94：<\/p>\n
const http = require('http');
\nconst server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
\n const jsonResponse = {
\n message: 'Hello, World!',
\n status: 'success',
\n };
\n res.writeHead(200, { 'Content-Type': 'application\/json' });
\n res.end(JSON.stringify(jsonResponse));
\n});
\nserver.listen(3000, () => {
\n console.log('Server running at http:\/\/localhost:3000\/');
\n});<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f Node.js http \u6a21\u5757\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u548c\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u5f00\u59cb\u4f7f\u7528 Node.js \u8fdb\u884c HTTP \u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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