{"id":24651,"date":"2025-04-19T10:29:16","date_gmt":"2025-04-19T02:29:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/24651.html"},"modified":"2025-04-19T10:29:16","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T02:29:16","slug":"ip-%e5%8d%8f%e8%ae%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/24651.html","title":{"rendered":"IP \u534f\u8bae"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>IP \u534f\u8bae<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6982\u8ff0<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5305\u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>\u9996\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e00<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u5206\u7247<\/li>\n<li>\u6293\u5305\u5206\u6790<\/li>\n<li>\u53c2\u8003<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u4e3a\u7b14\u8005\u5b66\u4e60\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5bf9\u7f51\u4e0a\u8d44\u6599\u5f52\u7eb3\u6574\u7406\u6240\u505a\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0&#xff0c;\u6587\u672b\u5747\u9644\u6709\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5&#xff0c;\u5982\u4fb5\u6743&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u8054\u7cfb\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>IP \u534f\u8bae<\/h2>\n<h3>\u6982\u8ff0<\/h3>\n<p>IP \u534f\u8bae\u662f TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u7c07\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u534f\u8bae&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u662f TCP\/IP \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u8f7d\u4f53&#xff0c;IP \u534f\u8bae\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u65f6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u548c\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u4ece\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa&#xff0c;IP \u534f\u8bae\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51 MAC \u5e27\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff0c;IP \u534f\u8bae\u5185\u5bb9\u7531IP \u9996\u90e8\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u6240\u6709\u7684 TCP\u3001UDP \u53ca ICMP \u6570\u636e\u90fd\u4ee5 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u683c\u5f0f\u4f20\u8f93<\/p>\n<h3>\u6570\u636e\u5305\u683c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n<p>IP \u6570\u636e\u5305\u683c\u5f0f\u5982\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250419022914-68030a7aa302a.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> \u524d 20 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u548c\u7d27\u8ddf\u5176\u540e\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u9996\u90e8&#xff0c;\u524d 20 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762\u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u53ef\u6709\u53ef\u65e0\u7684&#xff0c;\u9996\u90e8\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4ee5 32 \u4f4d&#xff08;4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u4f20\u8f93\u89c4\u5219\u4e3a\u7531\u6bd4\u7279\u6700\u9ad8\u4f4d\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u4f4d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u9010\u4e00\u8fdb\u884c\u53d1\u9001&#xff0c;4 \u5b57\u8282\u7684 32bit \u503c\u6309\u7167\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b21\u5e8f\u4f20\u8f93&#xff1a;\u9996\u5148 7-0bit&#xff0c;\u5176\u6b21 15-8 bit&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e 23-16bit&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u662f 31- 24bit\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;4 \u4f4d IP \u7248\u672c\u53f7&#xff08;Version&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684 0100 \u65f6\u8868\u793a IPv4&#xff0c;\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0110 \u65f6\u8868\u793a IPv6&#xff0c;\u76ee\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a\u7684 IP \u534f\u8bae\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u662f 4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1a;4 \u4f4d\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6&#xff08;IHL&#xff0c;Internet Header Length&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a IP \u9996\u90e8\u4e00\u5171\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4e2a 32 \u4f4d&#xff08;4 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u3002\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5\u65f6&#xff0c;IP \u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 20 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u503c\u4e3a 5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;8 \u4f4d\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b&#xff08;TOS&#xff0c;Type of service&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b50\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff1a;3 \u4f4d\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff08;\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u57fa\u672c\u5ffd\u7565\u6389\u4e86&#xff09;\u548c 4 \u4f4d TOS \u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e3a 0\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3a 0 \u65f6\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u822c\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u603b\u957f\u5ea6&#xff1a;16 \u4f4d IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6&#xff08;Total Length&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec IP \u9996\u90e8\u548c IP \u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u5b57\u8282\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u5229\u7528 IP \u9996\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u548c IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u77e5\u9053 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4e2d\u6570\u636e\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u957f16bit&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6700\u957f\u53ef\u8fbe 65535 \u5b57\u8282\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f20\u8f93\u957f\u8fbe 65535 \u5b57\u8282\u7684 IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fd8\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6700\u5927\u627f\u8f7d\u80fd\u529b\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6807\u8bc6&#xff1a;16 \u4f4d\u6807\u8bc6&#xff08;Identification&#xff09;\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u7528\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u4e3b\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4efd\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u3002\u901a\u5e38\u6bcf\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u6587\u5b83\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u4f1a\u52a0 1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6807\u5fd7&#xff1a;3 \u4f4d\u6807\u5fd7&#xff08;Flags&#xff09;\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\n<ul>\n<li>\u7b2c 1 \u4f4d\u4e3a\u4fdd\u7559\u4f4d&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c 2 \u4f4d\u8868\u793a\u7981\u6b62\u5206\u7247\n<ul>\n<li>1&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u4e0d\u5206\u7247&#xff0c;\u7528\u6765cesium\u63a5\u53e3\u7684 MTU \u5927\u5c0f\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u5c31\u662f 1500<\/li>\n<li>0&#xff1a;\u5141\u8bb8\u5206\u7247&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7b2c 3 \u4f4d\u6807\u8bc6\u66f4\u591a\u5206\u7247&#xff08;\u9664\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u5916&#xff0c;\u5176\u5b83\u5206\u7247\u90fd\u4e3a 1&#xff09;\n<ul>\n<li>1&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u8fd8\u6709\u5206\u7247&#xff0c;<\/li>\n<li>0&#xff1a;\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7247\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7247\u504f\u79fb&#xff1a;13 \u4f4d\u7247\u504f\u79fb&#xff08;Fragment Offset&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u65b9\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u91cd\u7ec4\u65f6\u7528\u6765\u6807\u8bc6\u5206\u7247\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a;8 \u4f4d\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;TTL&#xff08;Time To Live&#xff09;\u57df\u9632\u6b62\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728\u65e0\u4f11\u6b62\u7684\u4f20\u64ad&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u88ab\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 64 \u6216\u8005 128\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u534f\u8bae&#xff1a;8 \u4f4d\u534f\u8bae&#xff08;Protocol&#xff09;\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6240\u643a\u5e26\u4e0a\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;ICMP \u4e3a 1&#xff0c;TCP\u4e3a 6&#xff0c;UDP \u4e3a 17\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9996\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff1a;16 \u4f4d\u9996\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff08;Header Checksum&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u8be5\u5b57\u6bb5\u53ea\u6821\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u7684\u9996\u90e8&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u6570\u636e\u90e8\u5206&#xff1b;\u6821\u9a8c IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u5934\u90e8\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u7834\u574f\u3001\u7be1\u6539\u548c\u4e22\u5931\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740&#xff1a;32 \u4f4d\u6e90 IP \u5730\u5740&#xff08;Source Address&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5373\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5982 192.168.1.123\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740&#xff1a;32 \u4f4d\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740&#xff08;Destination Address&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5373\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5982 192.168.1.102\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u9009\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u662f\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u53d8\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u53ef\u9009\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u9009\u9879\u5b57\u6bb5\u4ee5 32bit \u4e3a\u754c&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\u63d2\u5165\u503c\u4e3a 0 \u7684\u586b\u5145\u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u8bc1 IP \u9996\u90e8\u59cb\u7ec8\u662f 32bit \u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9996\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5bf9 IP \u9996\u90e8\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8865\u5145\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u662f IP \u9996\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5176\u8ba1\u7b97\u6b65\u9aa4 \u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5c06 16 \u4f4d\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u7f6e\u4e3a 0&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u5c06 IP \u9996\u90e8\u6309\u7167 16 \u4f4d\u5206\u6210\u591a\u4e2a\u5355\u5143&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u5404\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u91c7\u7528\u53cd\u7801\u52a0\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97&#xff08;\u5373\u9ad8\u4f4d\u6ea2\u51fa\u4f4d\u4f1a\u52a0\u5230\u4f4e\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u8865\u7801\u8fd0\u7b97\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4e22\u6389\u6ea2\u51fa\u7684\u9ad8\u4f4d&#xff09;&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6b64\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u8fdb\u4f4d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u548c\u518d\u6b21\u5206\u6210\u9ad8 16 \u4f4d\u548c\u4f4e 16 \u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u7d2f\u52a0&#xff1b;<\/li>\n<li>\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u548c\u7684\u53cd\u7801\u586b\u5165\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5206\u6790<\/h3>\n<h4>\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e00<\/h4>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 IP \u534f\u8bae\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a IP \u6570\u636e\u62a5\u603b\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 60 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff08;\u6709\u6548\u6570\u636e\u4e3a 40 \u4e2a\u5b57\u8282&#xff09;\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305&#xff0c;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53d1\u9001\u7aef IP \u5730\u5740\u4e3a 192.168.1.10&#xff0c;<\/li>\n<li>\u63a5\u6536\u7aef IP \u5730\u5740\u4e3a 192.168.1.102&#xff0c;\u5219 IP \u9996\u90e8\u6570\u636e\u5982\u4e0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250419022914-68030a7ad6ecd.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> \u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684 IP \u9996\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ba1\u7b97 IP \u9996\u90e8\u6821\u9a8c\u548c&#xff0c;\u5373&#xff1a; 0x4500 &#043; 0x003C &#043; 0x0000 &#043; 0x4000 &#043; 0x4001 &#043; 0x0000(\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u5f3a\u5236\u7f6e 0) &#043; 0xc0a8 &#043; 0x010a &#043; 0xc0a8 &#043;0x0166 &#061; 0x248FD 0x0002 &#043; 0x48FD &#061; 0x000048FF&#xff08;\u6b64\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u672a\u51fa\u73b0\u8fdb\u4f4d&#xff09; 0x0000&#043; 0x48FF&#061; 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