{"id":22741,"date":"2025-04-19T06:21:25","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T22:21:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/22741.html"},"modified":"2025-04-19T06:21:25","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T22:21:25","slug":"%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%9c%ac%e5%9c%b0%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/22741.html","title":{"rendered":"\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672c\u5730\u642d\u5efa"},"content":{"rendered":"

socket\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n

\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57（socket）\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/h5>\n

#include <sys\/socket.h>
\nint socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u91ca<\/h5>\n

domain：\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u901a\u4fe1\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u65cf，\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u5982\u4e0b：<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AF_INET：\u4ee3\u8868 IPv4 \u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AF_INET6：\u4ee3\u8868 IPv6 \u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0AF_UNIX\u6216AF_LOCAL：\u7528\u4e8e\u672c\u5730（Unix \u57df）\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n

type：\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u7c7b\u578b，\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u6709：<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SOCK_STREAM：\u8868\u793a\u9762\u5411\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684 TCP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SOCK_DGRAM：\u8868\u793a\u65e0\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u3001\u4e0d\u53ef\u9760\u7684 UDP \u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0SOCK_RAW：\u5141\u8bb8\u7a0b\u5e8f\u76f4\u63a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e95\u5c42\u534f\u8bae，\u5982 IP\u3001ICMP \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

protocol：\u901a\u5e38\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0，\u8868\u793a\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u6839\u636edomain\u548ctype\u81ea\u52a8\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u6210\u529f，\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26（\u975e\u8d1f\u6574\u6570），\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25，\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de -1，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno\u6765\u6307\u793a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u793a\u4f8b<\/h4>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <sys\/types.h>
\n#include <sys\/socket.h><\/p>\n

using namespace std;<\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\n\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7f51\u7edc
\nint socketfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
\nif (socketfd < 0)
\n{
\n \/*\u53ef\u80fd\u60c5\u51b5
\n*1\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc
\n*2\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u574f\u4e86
\n*\/
\nperror("socket error");
\n}
\nelse
\n{
\ncout << "\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u521d\u59cb\u5316 socketfd=" << socketfd << endl;
\n}<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u7ed3\u679c<\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u00a0bind\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57（socket）\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/h5>\n

#include <sys\/socket.h>
\nint bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen);<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u91ca<\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0sockfd：\u8fd9\u662f\u7531socket\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u4ee3\u8868\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed1\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0addr：\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2asockaddr\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6307\u9488，\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8981\u7ed1\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d，\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u5982struct sockaddr_in（\u7528\u4e8e IPv4）\u6216struct sockaddr_in6（\u7528\u4e8e IPv6），\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u5f3a\u5236\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0addrlen：\u8868\u793aaddr\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8865（struct sockaddr_in）：<\/span><\/p>\n

#include <netinet\/in.h><\/p>\n

struct sockaddr_in {
\n sa_family_t sin_family; \/\/ \u5730\u5740\u65cf，\u901a\u5e38\u662f AF_INET（IPv4）
\n in_port_t sin_port; \/\/ \u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f（\u5927\u7aef\u5e8f）（\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4IP\u5730\u5740：INADDR_ANY）
\n struct in_addr sin_addr; \/\/ IPv4 \u5730\u5740，\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f
\n unsigned char sin_zero[8]; \/\/ \u586b\u5145\u5b57\u6bb5，\u4f7f\u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0e struct sockaddr \u76f8\u540c，\u4e00\u822c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5168 0
\n}; <\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u7ed1\u5b9a\u6210\u529f，\u8fd4\u56de 0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u5931\u8d25，\u8fd4\u56de -1，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno\u6765\u6307\u793a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

listen\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57（socket）\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001，\u4ee5\u4fbf\u63a5\u6536\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/h5>\n

#include <sys\/socket.h>
\nint listen(int sockfd, int backlog);<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u91ca<\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0sockfd：\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531socket\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u4ee3\u8868\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002\u8be5\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u5fc5\u987b\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7bind\u51fd\u6570\u7ed1\u5b9a<\/span>\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0backlog：\u6307\u5b9a\u4e86\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u91cf\u3002\u5f53\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u8d77\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u7acb\u5373\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\u7b49\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u3002backlog\u7684\u503c\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6700\u5927\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9backlog\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9650\u5236，\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4，\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 5 \u6216 10<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u6210\u529f，\u8fd4\u56de 0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25，\u8fd4\u56de -1，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6eerrno\u6765\u6307\u793a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

accept\u51fd\u6570\u00a0<\/h2>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef，\u5b83\u4f1a\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u4e8e\u963b\u585e\u72b6\u6001，\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42，accept\u51fd\u6570\u5c31\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u800c\u539f\u6765\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u4f9d\u65e7\u8d1f\u8d23\u76d1\u542c\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u51fd\u6570\u539f\u578b<\/h5>\n

#include <sys\/socket.h><\/p>\n

int accept(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t *addrlen);<\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570\u89e3\u91ca<\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0sockfd：\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u4e8e\u76d1\u542c\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u5b83\u662f\u901a\u8fc7socket()\u521b\u5efa，\u518d\u7531bind()\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3，\u6700\u540e\u4f7f\u7528listen()\u5f00\u59cb\u76d1\u542c\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0addr（\u524d\u9762\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7684\u5316\u4e00\u822c\u4e3aNULL）：\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411sockaddr\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6，\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528sockaddr_in（\u7528\u4e8e IPv4）\u6216sockaddr_in6（\u7528\u4e8e IPv6）\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u7c7b\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0addrlen（\u524d\u9762\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fc7\u7684\u5316\u4e00\u822c\u4e3aNULL）：\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411socklen_t\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u5b83\u8868\u793aaddr\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u8c03\u7528accept\u4e4b\u524d，\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e3aaddr\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u5927\u5c0f；\u8c03\u7528\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u8be5\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u7684\u503c\u4f1a\u88ab\u66f4\u65b0\u4e3a\u5b9e\u9645\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5730\u5740\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/h5>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u8c03\u7528\u6210\u529f，accept\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u6b64\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u901a\u4fe1\u3002\u539f\u6765\u7684sockfd\u4ecd\u7136\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u542c\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u82e5\u8c03\u7528\u5931\u8d25，\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de -1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u6574\u5408\u793a\u4f8b<\/h2>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <stdio.h>
\n#include <sys\/types.h>
\n#include <sys\/socket.h>
\n#include <netinet\/in.h><\/p>\n

using namespace std;<\/p>\n

int main()
\n{
\nstruct sockaddr_in addr;
\nint length = 0;
\nint acceptfd = 0;
\n\/\/ \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7f51\u7edc
\nint socketfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
\nif (socketfd < 0)
\n{
\n \/*\u53ef\u80fd\u60c5\u51b5
\n*1\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u63a5\u7f51\u7edc
\n*2\u3001\u7f51\u5361\u574f\u4e86
\n*\/
\nperror("socket error");
\nreturn 0;
\n}
\nelse
\n{
\naddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
\n\/\/ \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4IP\u5730\u5740
\naddr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
\naddr.sin_port = htons(10001);
\nlength = sizeof(addr);<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u7ed1\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7
\nif (bind(socketfd, (struct sockaddr*)(&addr), length) == -1)
\n{
\nperror("bind error");
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26，\u662f\u5426\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u8fde\u63a5
\nif (listen(socketfd, 10) == -1)
\n{
\nperror("lister error");
\nreturn 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

cout << "\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u642d\u5efa\u6210\u529f" << endl;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u56e0\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u566824h\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5f00\u673a
\nwhile (1)
\n{
\n\/\/ acceptfd\u4ee3\u8868\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef
\n\/\/ \u963b\u585e\u5f0f\u51fd\u6570（\u7b49\u5f85\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u5230\u6765）
\nacceptfd = accept(socketfd, NULL, NULL);
\ncout << "\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0a\u7ebf,acceptfd=" << acceptfd << endl;
\n}
\n}<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n} <\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u679c\u00a0<\/h2>\n

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