{"id":20818,"date":"2025-04-19T03:43:14","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T19:43:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/20818.html"},"modified":"2025-04-19T03:43:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T19:43:14","slug":"node-js-%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e9%9b%b6%e5%bc%80%e5%a7%8b%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba%e4%bd%a0%e7%9a%84%e7%ac%ac%e4%b8%80%e4%b8%aa%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/20818.html","title":{"rendered":"Node.js \u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u642d\u5efa\u4f60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

Node.js \u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357：\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u642d\u5efa\u4f60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n

\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

Node.js \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e Chrome V8 \u5f15\u64ce\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u9ad8\u6548 JavaScript \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6，\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528 JavaScript \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u7f16\u5199\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5168\u6808\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7684\u6807\u914d\u6280\u80fd\u4e4b\u4e00，Node.js \u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u662f Node.js \u7684\u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5e26\u4f60\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u642d\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u4e86\u89e3 Node.js \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n
  • \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Node.js？<\/li>\n
  • \u5b89\u88c5 Node.js<\/li>\n
  • \u642d\u5efa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Node.js \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n
  • Node.js \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/li>\n
  • \u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd：\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/li>\n
  • \u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/li>\n
    \n

    1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Node.js？<\/h3>\n

    Node.js \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u73af\u5883，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9 JavaScript \u8131\u79bb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u73af\u5883，\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u70b9\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585e I\/O：\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u8f7b\u91cf\u9ad8\u6548：\u9002\u5408 I\/O \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b：\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u673a\u5236\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Node.js \u7684\u5178\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5305\u62ec：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u6784\u5efa RESTful API<\/li>\n
      • \u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u804a\u5929\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n
      • \u6784\u5efa\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n

        2. \u5b89\u88c5 Node.js<\/h3>\n

        \u68c0\u67e5 Node.js \u662f\u5426\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5<\/h4>\n

        \u5728\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4：<\/p>\n

        node<\/span> -v<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u5982\u679c\u8f93\u51fa\u7248\u672c\u53f7（\u4f8b\u5982 v18.0.0），\u8bf4\u660e Node.js \u5df2\u7ecf\u5b89\u88c5；\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5，\u8bf7\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u5b89\u88c5 Node.js<\/h4>\n
      • \u524d\u5f80 Node.js \u5b98\u7f51\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u4e0b\u8f7d\u9002\u5408\u4f60\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 LTS（\u957f\u671f\u652f\u6301\u7248）\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u6309\u63d0\u793a\u5b8c\u6210\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/li>\n

        \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e，\u518d\u6b21\u68c0\u67e5\u7248\u672c：<\/p>\n

        node<\/span> -v<\/span>
        \nnpm<\/span> -v<\/span> # \u68c0\u67e5 npm（Node.js \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668）\u7248\u672c<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n

        3. \u642d\u5efa\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Node.js \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n

        \u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u6587\u4ef6<\/h4>\n
      • \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939，\u4f8b\u5982 node-server\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u8fdb\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5939，\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6：mkdir<\/span> node-server
        \ncd<\/span> node-server
        \ntouch<\/span> server.js\n <\/li>\n

        \u7f16\u5199\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n

        \u6253\u5f00 server.js \u6587\u4ef6，\u8f93\u5165\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u5f15\u5165 http \u6a21\u5757<\/span>
        \nconst<\/span> http =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'http'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/span>
        \nconst<\/span> server =<\/span> http.<\/span>createServer<\/span>(<\/span>(<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
        \n \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u54cd\u5e94\u5934<\/span>
        \n res.<\/span>writeHead<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> 'Content-Type'<\/span>:<\/span> 'text\/plain'<\/span> }<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
        \n \/\/ \u8fd4\u56de\u54cd\u5e94\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
        \n res.<\/span>end<\/span>(<\/span>'Hello, Node.js!'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
        \n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

        \/\/ \u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
        \nconst<\/span> PORT<\/span> =<\/span> 3000<\/span>;<\/span>
        \nserver.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>PORT<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
        \n console.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>`<\/span>Server running at http:\/\/localhost:<\/span>${<\/span>PORT<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>\/<\/span>`<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
        \n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

        \n

        4. Node.js \u4ee3\u7801\u89e3\u6790<\/h3>\n
          \n
        • \n

          require('http') Node.js \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6a21\u5757\u4e4b\u4e00，\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          http.createServer(callback) \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u4f8b，callback \u662f\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u51fd\u6570，\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b req（\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61）\u548c res（\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          res.writeHead(statusCode, headers) \u8bbe\u7f6e HTTP \u54cd\u5e94\u5934，\u4f8b\u5982\u72b6\u6001\u7801 200 \u8868\u793a\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          res.end(data) \u7ed3\u675f\u54cd\u5e94\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          server.listen(port, callback) \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u76d1\u542c\u6307\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3，callback \u662f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u7684\u56de\u8c03\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \n

          5. \u6269\u5c55\u529f\u80fd：\u5904\u7406\u52a8\u6001\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n

          \u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u9759\u6001\u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u4eec\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6269\u5c55\u5b83\u6765\u54cd\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 URL：<\/p>\n

          \u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n

          const<\/span> http =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'http'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

          const<\/span> server =<\/span> http.<\/span>createServer<\/span>(<\/span>(<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
          \n res.<\/span>writeHead<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> 'Content-Type'<\/span>:<\/span> 'text\/plain'<\/span> }<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

          if<\/span> (<\/span>req.<\/span>url ===<\/span> '\/'<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
          \n res.<\/span>end<\/span>(<\/span>'Welcome to the Home Page!'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
          \n }<\/span> else<\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>req.<\/span>url ===<\/span> '\/about'<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
          \n res.<\/span>end<\/span>(<\/span>'This is the About Page.'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
          \n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>
          \n res.<\/span>writeHead<\/span>(<\/span>404<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> 'Content-Type'<\/span>:<\/span> 'text\/plain'<\/span> }<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
          \n res.<\/span>end<\/span>(<\/span>'404 Not Found'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
          \n }<\/span>
          \n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

          const<\/span> PORT<\/span> =<\/span> 3000<\/span>;<\/span>
          \nserver.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>PORT<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
          \n console.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>`<\/span>Server running at http:\/\/localhost:<\/span>${<\/span>PORT<\/span>}<\/span><\/span>\/<\/span>`<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
          \n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

          \u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801<\/h4>\n

          \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8bbf\u95ee\u4ee5\u4e0b URL：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • http:\/\/localhost:3000\/ \u663e\u793a \u201cWelcome to the Home Page!\u201d<\/li>\n
          • http:\/\/localhost:3000\/about \u663e\u793a \u201cThis is the About Page.\u201d<\/li>\n
          • \u8bbf\u95ee\u5176\u4ed6 URL，\u4f8b\u5982 http:\/\/localhost:3000\/unknown，\u8fd4\u56de \u201c404 Not Found\u201d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \n

            6. \u603b\u7ed3\u4e0e\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65<\/h3>\n

            \u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u7bc7\u5165\u95e8\u6559\u7a0b，\u4f60\u5df2\u7ecf\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

          • \u5b89\u88c5 Node.js \u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u7f16\u5199\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Node.js \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42 URL，\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n

            \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a2\u7d22\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3b\u9898：<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u6846\u67b6\u7b80\u5316\u8def\u7531\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u5b66\u4e60 RESTful API \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u4f7f\u7528 Node.js \u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u636e\u5e93，\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Node.js \u7684\u4e16\u754c\u5145\u6ee1\u53ef\u80fd\u6027，\u73b0\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u4f60\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4e4b\u65c5\u5427！\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u95ee\u9898，\u6b22\u8fce\u7559\u8a00\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              \u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb1.2k\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e18\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf19\u6b21\u3002Node.js \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u3001\u8de8\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9 JavaScript \u8131\u79bb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6267\u884c\u3002\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585e I\/O\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5f02\u6b65\u64cd\u4f5c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8f7b\u91cf\u9ad8\u6548\uff1a\u9002\u5408 I\/O \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u548c\u5b9e\u65f6\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5355\u7ebf\u7a0b\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5faa\u73af\u673a\u5236\u9ad8\u6548\u5904\u7406\u5e76\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6784\u5efa RESTful API\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b9e\u65f6\u804a\u5929\u7cfb\u7edf\u6784\u5efa\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u5b89\u88c5 Node.js \u5e76\u68c0\u67e5\u73af\u5883\u3002\u7f16\u5199\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a Node.js \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42 URL\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u52a8\u6001\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u6846\u67b6\u7b80\u5316\u8def\u7531\u5904\u7406\u3002_node.js\u642d\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":20817,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1615,186,371,190,56,43,125,44],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-20818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-node","tag-node-js","tag-371","tag-190","tag-56","tag-43","tag-125","tag-44"],"yoast_head":"\nNode.js \u5165\u95e8\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb\u642d\u5efa\u4f60\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668 - 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