{"id":20266,"date":"2025-04-19T03:01:16","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T19:01:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/20266.html"},"modified":"2025-04-19T03:01:16","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T19:01:16","slug":"linux-nfs%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/20266.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux - nfs\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e94\u3001nfs\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n

1\u3001\u57fa\u7840<\/h3>\n

NFS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9PC\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684NFS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u800c\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf \u4e2d\u770b\u6765，\u90a3\u4e2a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7531\u4e8eNFS\u652f\u6301\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u591a，\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6765\u542f\u52a8，\u6bcf\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5c31\u4f1a\u542f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b \u7aef\u53e3\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e，\u56e0\u6b64NFS\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u5e76\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a，\u800c\u662f\u968f\u673a\u53d6\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u672a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5c0f\u4e8e1024\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u7528\u4e8e\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u6765\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7aef\u53e3 \u624d\u80fd\u591f\u8fde\u63a5\u3002 \u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u9700\u8981RPC（Remote Procedure Call，\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8c03\u7528）\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u542f\u52a8NFS\u65f6\u4f1a\u968f\u673a \u9009\u53d6\u6570\u4e2a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，\u5e76\u4e3b\u52a8\u5411RPC\u6ce8\u518c，\u6240\u4ee5RPC\u77e5\u9053\u6bcf\u4e2aNFS\u529f\u80fd\u6240\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7，RPC\u5c06\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u901a\u77e5\u7ed9 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u53bb\u3002RPC\u91c7\u7528\u56fa\u5b9a\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7port 111\u6765\u76d1\u542c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u5e76\u5411 \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u54cd\u5e94\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002 \u6ce8：\u5728\u542f\u52a8NFS\u4e4b\u524d，\u8981\u5148\u542f\u52a8RPC，\u5426\u5219NFS\u4f1a\u65e0\u6cd5\u5411RPC\u6ce8\u518c\u3002\u53e6\u5916，RPC\u82e5\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8，\u539f\u6765\u6ce8\u518c\u7684 \u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u6d88\u5931\u4e0d\u89c1，\u56e0\u6b64RPC\u91cd\u542f\u540e，\u5b83\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5411RPC\u6ce8\u518c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n

#nfs<\/span>
\nyum install<\/span> nfs-utils
\n#rpc<\/span>
\nyum install<\/span> rpcbind<\/p>\n

2\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

[<\/span>root@server ~]<\/span># mkdir \/share -v<\/span>
\nmkdir: \u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 '\/share'<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5f00\u542f\u76ee\u5f55\u5171\u4eab（\u7f16\u8f91\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6）<\/p>\n

[<\/span>root@server ~]<\/span># vim \/etc\/exports<\/span>
\n#\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n\/share\u5171\u4eab\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55 192.168<\/span>.5.0\/24(<\/span>rw)<\/span>\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u4e3b\u673a（\u7f51\u6bb5，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528*\u4ee3\u8868\u6240\u6709）\u4ee5\u53ca\u5171\u4eab\u6743\u9650
\n#\u6743\u9650\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u591a\u4e2a，\u4f7f\u7528\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u76f8\u5173\u6743\u9650\u53c2\u6570<\/p>\n\n\u53c2\u6570\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
rw，ro<\/td>\n\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u6743\u9650\u662f\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u8fd8\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb，\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u80fd\u5426\u8bfb\u5199，\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0e \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684 rwx\u6709\u5173<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sync，async<\/td>\nsync\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u540c\u6b65\u5199\u5165\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e0e\u786c\u76d8\u4e2d，async\u5219\u4ee3\u8868\u6570\u636e\u4f1a\u5148\u6682\u5b58\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58 \u5f53\u4e2d，\u800c\u975e\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5165\u786c\u76d8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
no_root_squash root_squash<\/td>\n\u82e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u5171\u4eab\u76ee\u5f55\u91cc\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u8005\u548c\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u662froot\u7528\u6237 \u548croot\u7ec4， \u90a3\u4e48\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5c5e\u4e3b\u548c\u5c5e\u7ec4\u65f6\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5： no_root_squash\u8868\u793a，\u6587\u4ef6 \u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u8005\u548c\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4\u662froot\u7528\u6237\u548c root\u7ec4；root_squash\u8868\u793a\u5c06root\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4 \u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u533f\u540d\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4 （\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e）\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
all_squash no_all_squash<\/td>\nall_squash\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6，\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4f1a\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237 \u548c\u7ec4\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a \u533f\u540d\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4,\u800cno_all_squash\u8868\u793a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u7684 \u6587\u4ef6\u7684UID\u548cGID\u662f\u591a \u5c11，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u5c31\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u591a\u5c11（\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8bbe\u7f6e）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
anonuid= anongid=<\/td>\n\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u6620\u5c04\u4e3a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684UID\u548cGID，\u82e5\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 65534（nfsnobody）<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6302\u8f7d<\/p>\n

#\u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u53ca\u5176\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># showmount -e 192.168.5.100<\/span>
\nExport list for<\/span> 192.168<\/span>.5.100:
\n\/share 192.168<\/span>.5.0
\n#\u521b\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6302\u8f7d<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># mount 192.168.5.100:\/share \/nfs<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6d4b\u8bd5<\/p>\n

#\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@server ~]<\/span># mkdir \/share\/{1,2,3} -pv<\/span>
\nmkdir: \u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 '\/share\/1'<\/span>
\nmkdir: \u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 '\/share\/2'<\/span>
\nmkdir: \u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 '\/share\/3'<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@server ~]<\/span># tree \/share<\/span>
\n\/share
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 1<\/span>
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 test<\/span>
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 2<\/span>
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 3<\/span><\/p>\n

3<\/span> directories, 1<\/span> file<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@server ~]<\/span># echo hello > \/share\/1\/test<\/span>
\n#\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u67e5\u770b<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># tree \/nfs<\/span>
\n\/nfs
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 1<\/span>
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 test<\/span>
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 2<\/span>
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 3<\/span><\/p>\n

3<\/span> directories, 1<\/span> file<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># cat \/nfs\/1\/test <\/span>
\nhello
\n#\u67e5\u770b\u6302\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># df -h<\/span>
\n\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf \u5bb9\u91cf \u5df2\u7528 \u53ef\u7528 \u5df2\u7528% \u6302\u8f7d\u70b9
\ndevtmpfs 4<\/span>.0M 0<\/span> 4<\/span>.0M 0<\/span>% \/dev
\ntmpfs 866M 0<\/span> 866M 0<\/span>% \/dev\/shm
\ntmpfs 347M 7<\/span>.0M 340M 3<\/span>% \/run
\n\/dev\/mapper\/rhel-root 17G 4<\/span>.3G 13G 27<\/span>% \/
\n\/dev\/nvme0n1p2 960M 292M 669M 31<\/span>% \/boot
\n\/dev\/nvme0n1p1 599M 7<\/span>.0M 592M 2<\/span>% \/boot\/efi
\ntmpfs 174M 52K 174M 1<\/span>% \/run\/user\/42
\ntmpfs 174M 36K 174M 1<\/span>% \/run\/user\/0
\n192.168<\/span>.5.100:\/share 17G 4<\/span>.4G 12G 27<\/span>% \/nfs#\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\n#\u82e5\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u5177\u5907\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5199\u6743\u9650\u540e，\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6（\u5728\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9aanonuid=\u548canongid=\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b）\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u90fd\u4e3anobody<\/span>
\n#\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed9\u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@server ~]<\/span># chmod 777 \/share<\/span>
\n#\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4fee\u6539\u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># mkdir \/nfs\/{4,5,6} -pv<\/span>
\nmkdir: \u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 '\/nfs\/4'<\/span>
\nmkdir: \u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 '\/nfs\/5'<\/span>
\nmkdir: \u5df2\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55 '\/nfs\/6'<\/span>
\n#\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u770b<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># ll \/nfs<\/span>
\n\u603b\u7528\u91cf 0<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> root root 18<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 20<\/span>:24 1<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> root root 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 20<\/span>:23 2<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> root root 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 20<\/span>:23 3<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> nobody nobody 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 20<\/span>:35 4<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> nobody nobody 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 20<\/span>:35 5<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> nobody nobody 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 20<\/span>:35 6<\/span>
\n#\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u770b<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@server ~]<\/span># ll \/share<\/span>
\n\u603b\u7528\u91cf 0<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> root root 18<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 12<\/span>:24 1<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> root root 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 12<\/span>:23 2<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> root root 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 12<\/span>:23 3<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> nobody nobody 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 12<\/span>:35 4<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> nobody nobody 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 12<\/span>:35 5<\/span>
\ndrwxr-xr-x. 2<\/span> nobody nobody 6<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 12<\/span>:35 6<\/span><\/p>\n

3\u3001autofs\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u4e00\u822cNFS\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d，\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u6240\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 \/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d（ \/etc\/rc.d\/rc.local \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u7684\u547d\u4ee4，\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237 \u767b\u5f55\u4e4b\u524d\u90fd\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21）\u3002\u4f46\u82e5\u5bf9\u7aef\u5b95\u673a\u6216\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u542f\u52a8，\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e3b\u673a\u8d85\u65f6\u7b49\u5f85\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5f53\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5728\u6709\u4f7f\u7528NFS\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u65f6\u624d\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u3002\u5f53NFS\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u5b8c\u6bd5\u540e，\u8ba9NFS\u81ea\u52a8\u5378\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n

autofs\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u4e0a\u9762，\u5b83\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u67d0\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55，\u5e76\u9884\u5148\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u4f7f\u7528\u5230\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u67d0 \u4e2a\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6，\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d6\u5f97\u6765\u81ea\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u7684NFS\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90，\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6（\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef）<\/p>\n

yum install<\/span> autofs -y<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n

[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># vim \/etc\/auto.master\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u548c\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u89c4\u5219<\/span>
\n\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u6dfb\u52a0:
\n \/nfs\/test \/etc\/auto.suibian
\n #\u672c\u5730\u7aef\u76ee\u5f55 \u5177\u4f53\u6302\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># vim \/etc\/auto.suibian\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n\u6dfb\u52a0：
\n*192.168<\/span>.5.100:\/share#*\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709\u5bf9\/nfs\/test\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u90fd\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d 192.168.5.100:\/share<\/span><\/p>\n

\u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u542f\u81ea\u52a8\u6302\u8f7d<\/p>\n

[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># systemctl restart nfs-server<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client test]<\/span># systemctl status autofs<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client ~]<\/span># cd \/nfs\/test\/<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client test]<\/span># ll<\/span>
\n\u603b\u7528\u91cf 0<\/span>
\ndrwxrwxrwx. 8<\/span> root root 60<\/span> 11<\/span>\u6708 8<\/span> 20<\/span>:35 share
\n[<\/span>root@client test]<\/span># tree<\/span>
\n.<\/span>
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 share
\n \u251c\u2500\u2500 1<\/span>
\n \u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 test<\/span>
\n \u251c\u2500\u2500 2<\/span>
\n \u251c\u2500\u2500 3<\/span>
\n \u251c\u2500\u2500 4<\/span>
\n \u251c\u2500\u2500 5<\/span>
\n \u2514\u2500\u2500 6<\/span><\/p>\n

7<\/span> directories, 1<\/span> file<\/span>
\n[<\/span>root@client test]<\/span># <\/span>
\n#\u6ce8\u610f：\u4ee5\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\u5728\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4ee5\u53caselinux\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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