{"id":18739,"date":"2025-04-19T01:09:15","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T17:09:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/18739.html"},"modified":"2025-04-19T01:09:15","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T17:09:15","slug":"%e5%b5%8c%e5%85%a5%e5%bc%8f-http-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e7%9a%84-java-%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e4%b8%8e%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/18739.html","title":{"rendered":"\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 Java \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d，\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb，\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u672c\u5730\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002Java \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014com.sun.net.httpserver \u5305，\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a API \u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5e76\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u5176\u529f\u80fd\u3002 \u4e00\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u7c7b\u4ecb\u7ecd \u5728\u4f7f\u7528 com.sun.net.httpserver \u5305\u4e4b\u524d，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7c7b：<\/p>\n

  • HttpServer HttpServer \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7 create() \u5de5\u5382\u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f8b，\u5e76\u9700\u8981\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u53f7\u3002<\/li>\n
  • HttpContext HttpContext \u8868\u793a\u6839 URI \u8def\u5f84\u5230 HttpHandler \u7684\u6620\u5c04\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 URI \u8def\u5f84\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n
  • HttpHandler HttpHandler \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3，\u9700\u8981\u7531\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b9e\u73b0，\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5b83\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5： java\u590d\u5236 void handle(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException<\/li>\n
  • HttpExchange HttpExchange \u5b9e\u4f8b\u4f1a\u5728 HttpHandler#handle() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f20\u9012\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bbf\u95ee HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u53ca\u51c6\u5907\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002 \u4e8c\u3001\u793a\u4f8b：\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b，\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 HttpServer \u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002 java\u590d\u5236 import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange; import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler; import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.InetSocketAddress;<\/li>\n

    public class BasicHttpServerExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { \/\/ \u521b\u5efa HttpServer \u5b9e\u4f8b，\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 8500 \u7aef\u53e3 HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(8500), 0); \/\/ \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u6839\u8def\u5f84 \u201c\/\u201d HttpContext context = server.createContext(\u201c\/\u201d); \/\/ \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5668 context.setHandler(BasicHttpServerExample::handleRequest); \/\/ \u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668 server.start(); System.out.println(\u201cServer started on port 8500\u201d); }<\/p>\n

    private static void handleRequest(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
    \n String response = "Hi there!";
    \n \/\/ \u53d1\u9001\u54cd\u5e94\u5934，\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u4e3a 200，\u5185\u5bb9\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a response \u7684\u5b57\u8282\u6570
    \n exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.getBytes().length);
    \n OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody();
    \n os.write(response.getBytes());
    \n os.close();
    \n}<\/p>\n

    } \u8fd0\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u540e，\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/localhost:8500，\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u9875\u9762\u8fd4\u56de \u201cHi there!\u201d\u3002 \u4e09\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f，\u4f8b\u5982\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u793a\u4f8b，\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 java\u590d\u5236 import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpExchange; import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpHandler; import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer; import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpPrincipal; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.InetSocketAddress; import java.util.Map;<\/p>\n

    public class BasicHttpServerExample2 { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { HttpServer server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress(8500), 0); HttpContext context = server.createContext(\u201c\/example\u201d); context.setHandler(BasicHttpServerExample2::handleRequest); server.start(); System.out.println(\u201cServer started on port 8500\u201d); }<\/p>\n

    private static void handleRequest(HttpExchange exchange) throws IOException {
    \n URI requestURI = exchange.getRequestURI();
    \n printRequestInfo(exchange);
    \n String response = "This is the response at " + requestURI;
    \n exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, response.getBytes().length);
    \n OutputStream os = exchange.getResponseBody();
    \n os.write(response.getBytes());
    \n os.close();
    \n}<\/p>\n

    private static void printRequestInfo(HttpExchange exchange) {
    \n System.out.println("– headers –");
    \n Map<String, List<String>> requestHeaders = exchange.getRequestHeaders();
    \n requestHeaders.forEach((k, v) -> System.out.println(k + ":" + v));
    \n System.out.println("– principal –");
    \n HttpPrincipal principal = exchange.getPrincipal();
    \n System.out.println(principal);
    \n System.out.println("– HTTP method –");
    \n String requestMethod = exchange.getRequestMethod();
    \n System.out.println(requestMethod);
    \n System.out.println("– query –");
    \n String query = exchange.getRequestURI().getQuery();
    \n System.out.println(query);
    \n}<\/p>\n

    } \u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u540e，\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/localhost:8500\/example?x=1&y=2，\u4f60\u5c06\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u770b\u5230\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f93\u51fa： \u590d\u5236 \u2013 headers \u2013 Host:[localhost:8500] User-Agent:[Mozilla\/5.0 \u2026] Accept-Language:[en-US,en;q=0.9] \u2026 \u2013 principal \u2013 null \u2013 HTTP method \u2013 GET \u2013 query \u2013 x=1&y=2 \u56db\u3001\u603b\u7ed3 \u901a\u8fc7 com.sun.net.httpserver \u5305，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5feb\u901f\u539f\u578b\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u672c\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u4e24\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u521b\u5efa\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4ee5\u53ca\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002 \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d，\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed3\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u6280\u672f（\u5982 Maven \u7528\u4e8e\u9879\u76ee\u7ba1\u7406）\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb818\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e20\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf6\u6b21\u3002\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\u3001\u672c\u5730\u8c03\u8bd5\u5de5\u5177\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002Java \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u2014\u2014com.sun.net.httpserver \u5305\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u8bf7\u6c42\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u67e5\u8be2\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/localhost:8500\/example?\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u540e\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee http:\/\/localhost:8500\uff0c\u4f60\u5c06\u770b\u5230\u9875\u9762\u8fd4\u56de \u201cHi there!_\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[99,1423,101,569],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-18739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-java","tag-mvc","tag-spring","tag-569"],"yoast_head":"\n\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 Java \u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528 - 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