{"id":16825,"date":"2025-04-18T23:14:28","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T15:14:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/16825.html"},"modified":"2025-04-18T23:14:28","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T15:14:28","slug":"node-js-%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84-express-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%9f%ba%e7%a1%80%e6%a6%82%e5%bf%b5%e5%88%b0%e5%ae%9e%e9%99%85%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e7%9a%84%e5%85%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/16825.html","title":{"rendered":"Node.js \u4e2d\u7684 Express \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8be6\u89e3\uff1a\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u5168\u9762\u5256\u6790"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u5f53\u4eca\u7684 web \u5f00\u53d1\u9886\u57df，Express.js \u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4eec\u7684\u5f97\u529b\u52a9\u624b\u3002Express \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Node.js \u7684\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684 web \u5e94\u7528\u6846\u67b6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u6d01\u800c\u6709\u6548\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7ba1\u7406 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668，\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u901a\u8fc7\u6613\u4e8e\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u590d\u6742\u7684 web \u5e94\u7528\u3002\u90a3\u4e48，\u7a76\u7adf\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Express server，\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684？\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u66f4\u52a0\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u591a\u65b9\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u5256\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

Node.js \u4e0e Express \u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u7406\u89e3 Express \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u524d，\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5148\u4e86\u89e3 Node.js \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u3002Node.js \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684 JavaScript \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u73af\u5883，\u6700\u521d\u662f\u7531 Ryan Dahl \u5728 2009 \u5e74\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u3002Node.js \u4f7f\u5f97 JavaScript \u4e0d\u518d\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c，\u800c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u521b\u65b0，\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u5f00\u53d1\u524d\u7aef\u548c\u540e\u7aef，\u4ece\u800c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u5f00\u53d1\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

Node.js \u57fa\u4e8e Google V8 \u5f15\u64ce，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f15\u64ce\u662f JavaScript \u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u5b83\u5c06 JavaScript \u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e3a\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7801\u3002Node.js \u901a\u8fc7\u4e8b\u4ef6\u9a71\u52a8\u548c\u5f02\u6b65\u7f16\u7a0b\u6a21\u578b，\u5728\u5904\u7406 I\/O \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1（\u5982\u5904\u7406 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42）\u65f6\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a，Node.js \u4e3a\u6784\u5efa\u7f51\u7edc\u5e94\u7528\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u975e\u5e38\u597d\u7684\u652f\u6301，\u800c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 Express \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Express.js<\/h3>\n

Express \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u4e14\u7075\u6d3b\u7684 web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6846\u67b6，\u5b83\u4e3a Node.js \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u5957\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7279\u6027\u548c\u529f\u80fd，\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u6784\u5efa web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u5b83\u770b\u4f5c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a \u80f6\u6c34\u5c42，\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u5404\u79cd web \u5e94\u7528\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea4\u4e92\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6574\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

Express \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u662f\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u7528\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u4ee3\u7801，\u5b8c\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u4e3e\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4，\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 Express，\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u539f\u751f\u4ee3\u7801，\u800c Express \u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b，\u6781\u5927\u5730\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7 Express，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8def\u7531（\u8def\u7531\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0d\u540c URL \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94）\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6（\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u6700\u7ec8\u5904\u7406\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u529f\u80fd）\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u6e32\u67d3\u52a8\u6001 HTML \u9875\u9762\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u4e0e Express \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f<\/h3>\n

HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6784\u5efa<\/h4>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3 Express server \u7684\u4f5c\u7528，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Node.js \u539f\u751f\u6a21\u5757\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50：<\/p>\n

const<\/span> http =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'http'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

const<\/span> server =<\/span> http.<\/span>createServer<\/span>(<\/span>(<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>writeHead<\/span>(<\/span>200<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span>'Content-Type'<\/span>:<\/span> 'text\/plain'<\/span>}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>end<\/span>(<\/span>'Hello World'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

server.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>3000<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n console.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>'Server is running on port 3000'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 http.createServer() \u65b9\u6cd5\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355，\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u591a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u903b\u8f91，\u4f8b\u5982\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u7b49，\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u76f8\u5f53\u590d\u6742\u5e76\u4e14\u96be\u4ee5\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n

Express \u5982\u4f55\u7b80\u5316 HTTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6784\u5efa<\/h4>\n

Express server \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u7b80\u5316\u8fd9\u4e9b\u590d\u6742\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 Express，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u5927\u51cf\u5c11\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u6837\u677f\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7528 Express \u521b\u5efa\u540c\u6837 Hello World \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50：<\/p>\n

const<\/span> express =<\/span> require<\/span>(<\/span>'express'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\nconst<\/span> app =<\/span> express<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'\/'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Hello World'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>listen<\/span>(<\/span>3000<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n console.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>'Server is running on port 3000'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u6d01\u6613\u61c2，app.get() \u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u7531，\u5f53\u6709 GET \u8bf7\u6c42\u8bbf\u95ee '\/' \u8def\u5f84\u65f6，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de 'Hello World'\u3002\u800c app.listen() \u5219\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u542c 3000 \u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，Express \u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u8bf8\u5982\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u8def\u7531\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u7b49\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

Express \u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528<\/h3>\n

\u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406<\/h4>\n

\u8def\u7531\u662f\u6307\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7aef\u70b9（URI）\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f53\u67d0\u4e2a\u7aef\u70b9\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u5728 Express \u4e2d，\u8def\u7531\u901a\u8fc7 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5（\u5982 GET\u3001POST \u7b49）\u7ed3\u5408 URL \u8def\u5f84\u6765\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982，\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u8def\u5f84\u7684\u8def\u7531：<\/p>\n

app.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'\/about'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'This is the about page'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'\/submit'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Form submitted'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u5546\u7f51\u7ad9，\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 \/products \u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u5546\u54c1，\u800c\u901a\u8fc7 \/product\/:id \u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u770b\u7279\u5b9a\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002Express \u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u7531\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u8fd4\u56de\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

app.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'\/products'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'List of products'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'\/product\/:id'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n const<\/span> productId =<\/span> req.<\/span>params.<\/span>id;<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>`<\/span>Product details for product ID: <\/span>${<\/span>productId}<\/span><\/span>`<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，\/product\/:id \u8868\u793a\u8def\u7531\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 req.params.id \u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5546\u54c1 ID，\u4ece\u800c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6：Express \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9b54\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u662f Express \u4e2d\u6781\u5176\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u5bf9\u8c61（req）\u548c\u54cd\u5e94\u5bf9\u8c61（res）\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u591a\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1，\u5982\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u6dfb\u52a0\u6388\u6743\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982，\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801：<\/p>\n

const<\/span> logger<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res,<\/span> next<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n console.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>`<\/span>${<\/span>req.<\/span>method}<\/span><\/span> <\/span>${<\/span>req.<\/span>url}<\/span><\/span>`<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n next<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>logger)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc，logger \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6，\u5b83\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u548c URL\u3002next() \u51fd\u6570\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u7406\u5b8c，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u6216\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n

\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6848\u4f8b：\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n

\u4ee5\u652f\u4ed8\u5904\u7406\u4e3a\u4f8b，\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u652f\u4ed8\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u6700\u7ec8\u5904\u7406\u4e4b\u524d，\u5148\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u672a\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u652f\u4ed8\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f1a\u88ab\u63d0\u524d\u62d2\u7edd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

const<\/span> authenticate<\/span> =<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res,<\/span> next<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>req.<\/span>isAuthenticated<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n return<\/span> next<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>403<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Unauthorized'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'\/checkout'<\/span>,<\/span> authenticate,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Proceeding with checkout'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，authenticate \u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u8fc7\u9a8c\u8bc1，\u8fd4\u56de 403 \u72b6\u6001\u7801\u5e76\u62d2\u7edd\u8bbf\u95ee '\/checkout' \u8def\u7531\u3002<\/p>\n

Express \u4e0e\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce<\/h4>\n

\u6709\u4e9b\u65f6\u5019，\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210\u52a8\u6001 HTML \u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64，Express \u652f\u6301\u5404\u79cd\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce（\u4f8b\u5982 Pug\u3001EJS \u7b49）\u3002\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7c7b\u4f3c\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5360\u4f4d\u7b26\u6765\u52a8\u6001\u6e32\u67d3\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u6e32\u67d3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u9875\u9762，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 EJS \u6a21\u677f：<\/p>\n

app.<\/span>set<\/span>(<\/span>'view engine'<\/span>,<\/span> 'ejs'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'\/profile'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n const<\/span> user =<\/span> {<\/span> name:<\/span> 'Alice'<\/span>,<\/span> age:<\/span> 25<\/span> }<\/span>;<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>render<\/span>(<\/span>'profile'<\/span>,<\/span> {<\/span> user:<\/span> user }<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，res.render() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u6e32\u67d3\u540d\u4e3a 'profile' \u7684\u6a21\u677f\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u5c06 user \u5bf9\u8c61\u4f20\u9012\u5230\u6a21\u677f\u4e2d\u4ee5\u751f\u6210 HTML \u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce，\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u5e76\u52a8\u6001\u751f\u6210\u89c6\u56fe，\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u5f00\u53d1\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94<\/h3>\n

\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u89e3\u6790<\/h4>\n

\u5728 web \u5e94\u7528\u4e2d，\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ecf\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u4f8b\u5982\u8868\u5355\u6570\u636e\u6216 JSON \u6570\u636e\u3002\u5728 Express \u4e2d，\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 express.json() \u548c express.urlencoded() \u6765\u8f7b\u677e\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e：<\/p>\n

app.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>express.<\/span>json<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\napp.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>express.<\/span>urlencoded<\/span>(<\/span>{<\/span> extended:<\/span> true<\/span> }<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'\/submit'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n console.<\/span>log<\/span>(<\/span>req.<\/span>body)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Data received'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4ea4\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u8868\u5355\u6216\u901a\u8fc7 AJAX \u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001 JSON \u6570\u636e，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230 req.body，\u4ece\u800c\u4f7f\u5f97\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u5904\u7406\u7528\u6237\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef<\/h4>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6，\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u662f\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u3002Express \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236，\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6355\u83b7\u5e76\u4f18\u96c5\u5730\u5904\u7406\u5404\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

app.<\/span>use<\/span>(<\/span>(<\/span>err,<\/span> req,<\/span> res,<\/span> next<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n console.<\/span>error<\/span>(<\/span>err.<\/span>stack)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>status<\/span>(<\/span>500<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Something went wrong!'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5f53\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u53d1\u751f\u65f6，Express \u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570，\u8bb0\u5f55\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de 500 \u72b6\u6001\u7801\u3002\u826f\u597d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u5904\u7406\u673a\u5236\u5bf9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e0e\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76<\/h3>\n

\u5f00\u53d1 API \u670d\u52a1<\/h4>\n

Express \u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa RESTful API，\u8fd9\u79cd API \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u524d\u7aef\u5e94\u7528\u6216\u8005\u79fb\u52a8\u5e94\u7528\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e66\u7c4d\u7ba1\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf，\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 API \u521b\u5efa\u3001\u83b7\u53d6\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u5220\u9664\u4e66\u7c4d\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 API \u5b9e\u73b0：<\/p>\n

app.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'\/books'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'List of books'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'\/books'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Book created'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>put<\/span>(<\/span>'\/books\/:id'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>`<\/span>Book with ID <\/span>${<\/span>req.<\/span>params.<\/span>id}<\/span><\/span> updated<\/span>`<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>delete<\/span>(<\/span>'\/books\/:id'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>`<\/span>Book with ID <\/span>${<\/span>req.<\/span>params.<\/span>id}<\/span><\/span> deleted<\/span>`<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5（GET\u3001POST\u3001PUT\u3001DELETE），Express \u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u521b\u5efa\u7b26\u5408 RESTful \u8bbe\u8ba1\u539f\u5219\u7684 API \u670d\u52a1，\u6781\u5927\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u524d\u540e\u7aef\u5206\u79bb\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u4e0e\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528 Express \u6784\u5efa\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0<\/h4>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0，\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4f\u89c8\u5546\u54c1\u3001\u5c06\u5546\u54c1\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8d2d\u7269\u8f66\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fdb\u884c\u7ed3\u7b97\u3002Express \u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8def\u7531\u903b\u8f91\u548c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982，\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u54c1\u6d4f\u89c8\u548c\u8d2d\u7269\u8f66\u529f\u80fd：<\/p>\n

app.<\/span>get<\/span>(<\/span>'\/products'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>'Displaying all products'<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

app.<\/span>post<\/span>(<\/span>'\/cart'<\/span>,<\/span> (<\/span>req,<\/span> res<\/span>)<\/span> =><\/span> {<\/span>
\n const<\/span> productId =<\/span> req.<\/span>body.<\/span>productId;<\/span>
\n res.<\/span>send<\/span>(<\/span>`<\/span>Product with ID <\/span>${<\/span>productId}<\/span><\/span> added to cart<\/span>`<\/span><\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n}<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u5408\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u652f\u4ed8\u7f51\u5173\u7b49\u5916\u90e8\u670d\u52a1，\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u5730\u5229\u7528 Express \u5b9e\u73b0\u4ece\u5546\u54c1\u5c55\u793a\u5230\u8ba2\u5355\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u540c\u65f6，\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u652f\u4ed8\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u5e93\u5b58\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

Express server \u662f\u57fa\u4e8e Node.js \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u4e14\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 web \u5e94\u7528\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5316\u8def\u7531\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ee5\u53ca\u6a21\u677f\u5f15\u64ce\u7b49\u673a\u5236，\u4f7f\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u6269\u5c55 web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u5c0f\u578b\u4e2a\u4eba\u9879\u76ee，\u8fd8\u662f\u5927\u578b\u7684\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u5e94\u7528，Express \u90fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u771f\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u8868\u660e，Express \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u5404\u79cd web \u5e94\u7528\u7684\u9700\u6c42，\u5982 RESTful API \u670d\u52a1\u3001\u7535\u5546\u5e73\u53f0\u3001\u652f\u4ed8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528 Express，\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u590d\u6742\u7684\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91，\u5e76\u5728\u77ed\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u63a8\u51fa\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n

Express server \u7684\u6210\u529f\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5176\u7b80\u5355\u4e0e\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86 web \u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u95e8\u69db，\u8fd8\u4e3a\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u6781\u5176\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64，\u5b83\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3 web \u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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