{"id":14619,"date":"2025-04-18T21:18:35","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T13:18:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/14619.html"},"modified":"2025-04-18T21:18:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T13:18:35","slug":"%e9%93%b6%e6%b2%b3%e9%ba%92%e9%ba%9f%e9%ab%98%e7%ba%a7%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e6%93%8d%e4%bd%9c%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f-v10-sp3-2303%e5%ae%89%e5%85%a8%e5%8a%a0%e5%9b%ba%e6%89%8b%e5%86%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/14619.html","title":{"rendered":"\u94f6\u6cb3\u9e92\u9e9f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf V10 SP3 2303\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa\u624b\u518c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u76ee\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7aef\u53e3<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………… 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………. 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62\u533f\u540d <\/span>
\n WU-FTP <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………….. 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62\u533f\u540d <\/span>
\n VSFTP <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5 <\/span>
\n \u5f00\u542f <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span>
\n VSFTP…………………………………………………………………………………………..4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span>
\n WU-FTP………………………………………………………………………………………..4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.9 SSH <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u524d <\/span>
\n banner <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………..5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.9.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 5<\/span>
\n 1.9.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.9.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u540e <\/span>
\n Banner………………………………………………………………… 6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5 <\/span>
\n telnet Banner <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12 telnet <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………….. 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13 Telnet <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………..8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………..9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16 SSH <\/span>
\n \u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u7ea7\u672a\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………..9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17 SSH <\/span>
\n \u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u672a\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………….10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.18 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.18.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.18.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 10<\/span>
\n 1.18.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u73af\u5883\u5904\u7406<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………… 11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20 SSH <\/span>
\n \u5f3a\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u672a\u5f00\u542f<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………..11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2 <\/span>
\n \u98ce\u9669\u8d26\u6237<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1 <\/span>
\n \u7a7a\u53e3\u4ee4\u8d26\u53f7\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\u9650\u5236<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3 <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa <\/span>
\n uid <\/span>
\n \u4e3a <\/span>
\n 0 <\/span>
\n \u9664 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5e10\u6237<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………….. 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4 <\/span>
\n \u9501\u5b9a\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u8d26\u6237<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………….14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3 <\/span>
\n \u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u542f\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………….. 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 15 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………. 15 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 15 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 15 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 15 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.3 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 16<\/span>
\n 3.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u6700\u5c0f\u957f\u5ea6\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 16 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 16 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u66f4\u6539\u6700\u77ed\u95f4\u9694\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………… 17 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 17 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 17 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u8fc7\u671f\u524d\u8b66\u544a\u5929\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………….. 18 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u5bc6\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u9650\u5236<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………. 18 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4 <\/span>
\n \u8d26\u6237\u9501\u5b9a<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9501\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u542f<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………. 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u53e3\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9501\u5b9a<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………… 20 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 20 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 20 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1 <\/span>
\n \u5f00\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 21 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.2 firewalld <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………22 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 22 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22<\/span>
\n 5.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 22 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5ba1\u8ba1<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2 psacct <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3 swatch <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4 <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5 audit <\/span>
\n \u89c4\u5219\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 25 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 25 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7 <\/span>
\n \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1 icmp <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u62a5\u6587\u672a\u7981\u6b62<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………… 26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2 <\/span>
\n \u53d1\u9001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u672a\u7981\u6b62<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 27 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 27 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 27 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3 icmp echo <\/span>
\n \u8bf7\u6c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u672a\u5f00\u542f<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………..28 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.4 icmp <\/span>
\n \u6e90\u8def\u7531\u672a\u7981\u6b62<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28<\/span>
\n 7.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 28 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5 <\/span>
\n \u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u672a\u7981\u6b62<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 29 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 29 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 29 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1 <\/span>
\n \u5173\u95ed <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u7ed1\u5b9a<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2 <\/span>
\n \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u4f2a\u88c5<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………….30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3 snmp <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………31 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 31 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 31 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f93\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2 <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3 su <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………..33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10 <\/span>
\n \u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u9669<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.1 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/span>
\n .netrc <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 33<\/span>
\n 10.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d <\/span>
\n hosts.equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………. 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/span>
\n .rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d <\/span>
\n equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d <\/span>
\n rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6 \/etc\/aliases <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u522b\u540d<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………….. 36 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 36 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 36 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7 \/etc\/mail\/aliases <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u522b\u540d<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………… 37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8 <\/span>
\n \u5224\u65ad <\/span>
\n chkrootkit <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………..37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8.3 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1 su <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9650\u5236<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.2 <\/span>
\n \u9650\u5236 <\/span>
\n core dump ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 38<\/span>
\n 11.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n ctrl+alt+delete ……………………………………………………………………………………………39 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 39 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4 <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a7a\u95f2\u9501\u5c4f\u65f6\u95f4<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………… 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5 <\/span>
\n \u542f\u7528\u5c4f\u4fdd<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6 <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………… 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7 grub <\/span>
\n \u5f15\u5bfc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12 <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 42 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1 <\/span>
\n \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u6237 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u4e3a <\/span>
\n 027 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u66f4\u4e25\u683c<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………42 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 42 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 42 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 42 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………… 43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n –<\/span>
\n \u6743\u9650\u5217\u8868<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.4 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………….43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44<\/span>
\n 12.4 <\/span>
\n \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………… 44 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 44 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 44 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ftp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668 <\/span>
\n umask ……………………………………………………………………………………… 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ftp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13 <\/span>
\n \u78c1\u76d8\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u78c1\u76d8\u6269\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2 tripwire <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14 <\/span>
\n \u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1 quota <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2 cgroup <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

15 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

15.1 grub <\/span>
\n \u7ef4\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/span>
\n …………………………………………………………………………………………….47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

15.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e<\/span>
\n ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

15.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 48<\/span>
\n 15.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae<\/span>
\n ……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 48<\/span>
\n 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5173\u95ed\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u7aef\u53e3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1：<\/span>
\n printer<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n sendmail<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n nfs<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n kshell<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n lpd<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n tftp<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n ident<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n time<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n ntalk<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n bootps<\/span>
\n ， <\/span> <\/p>\n

klogin<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n ypbind<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n daytime<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n nfslock<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n echo<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n discard<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n chargen<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u672a\u542f\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u5982\u6240\u793a <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl list-unit-files <\/span>
\n \u548c\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\n #chkconfig –list <\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u7981\u7528： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chkconfig <<\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u540d<\/span>
\n > off <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <\/span>
\n off <\/span>
\n \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u7528： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chkconfig <<\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u540d<\/span>
\n > on <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1：<\/span>
\n chargen-dgram<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n daytime-stream<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n echo-streamklogin<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n tcpmux-server<\/span>
\n ， <\/span> <\/p>\n

chargen-stream<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n discard-dgram<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n eklogin<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n krb5-telnet<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n tftp<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n cvs<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n discard-stream<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n ekrb5-telnet<\/span>
\n ， <\/span> <\/p>\n

kshell<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n time-dgram<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n daytime-dgram<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n echo-dgram<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n gssftp<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n rsync<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n time-stream<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u672a\u542f\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u5982\u6240\u793a <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl list-unit-files <\/span>
\n \u548c\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\n #chkconfig –list <\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u670d\u52a1\u7981\u7528： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chkconfig <<\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u540d<\/span>
\n > off<\/span>
\n 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <\/span>
\n off <\/span>
\n \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u7528： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chkconfig <<\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u540d<\/span>
\n > on <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62\u533f\u540d <\/span>
\n WU-FTP <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u9650\u5236 <\/span>
\n FTP <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ftpaccess <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6，\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u53c2\u6570 <\/span>
\n class <\/span> <\/p>\n

all <\/span> <\/p>\n

real,guest,anonymous * <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c，\u5305\u542b\u5219\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u56fa\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4fee\u6539<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ftpaccess <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6，\u627e\u5230\u201c<\/span>
\n class <\/span> <\/p>\n

all <\/span> <\/p>\n

real,guest,anonymous *\u201d<\/span>
\n \u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

class all real,guest * <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u201c<\/span>
\n class <\/span> <\/p>\n

all <\/span> <\/p>\n

real,guest,anonymous <\/span> <\/p>\n

*\u201d<\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62\u533f\u540d <\/span>
\n VSFTP <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u9650\u5236 <\/span>
\n FTP <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55\u540e\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6，\u53c2\u6570\u201c<\/span>
\n anonymous_enable<\/span>
\n \u201d\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u201c<\/span>
\n NO<\/span>
\n \u201d\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u201c<\/span>
\n anonymous_enable<\/span>
\n \u201d\u6240\u5728\u884c， <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

anonymous_enable=NO <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5：<\/span>
\n 3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u201c<\/span>
\n anonymous_enable<\/span>
\n \u201d\u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5 <\/span>
\n \u5f00\u542f <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528 <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u8bbe\u5907<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5e94\u914d\u7f6e\u4f7f\u7528 <\/span>
\n SSH <\/span>
\n \u534f\u8bae\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u4e86 <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl status sshd <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1，\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl enable sshd <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl restart sshd <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u539f\u59cb\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u6ca1\u6709\u5f00\u542f <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl stop sshd <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl disable sshd <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528 <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u534f\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u8bbe\u5907<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5e94\u7981\u6b62\u4f7f\u7528 <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u534f\u8bae\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u4e86 <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl status telnet.socket <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u8f6f\u4ef6，\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u542f，\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl disable telnet.socket <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl stop telnet.socket<\/span>
\n 4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u8f6f\u4ef6，\u539f\u59cb\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u542f，\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd8\u539f： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl enable telnet.socket <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl start telnet.socket <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span>
\n VSFTP <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 <\/span>
\n FTP<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n vsftpd <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa |grep vsftpd <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u7981\u7528\u4e86 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/vsftpd\/ftpusers|grep -w root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/vsftpd\/user_list|grep -w root <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

#echo \u201croot\u201d >> \/etc\/vsftpd\/ftpusers <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4ece<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd\/ftpusers <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n root <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span>
\n WU-FTP <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 <\/span>
\n FTP<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n wu-ftp <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa |grep wu-ftp <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u7981\u7528\u4e86 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#cat \/etc\/ftpusers|grep -w root<\/span>
\n \u3002<\/span>
\n 5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.8.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

#echo \u201croot\u201d >>\/etc\/ftpusers <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4ece<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ftpusers <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a <\/span>
\n root<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.9 SSH <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u524d <\/span>
\n banner <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.9.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u524d\u8b66\u544a <\/span>
\n Banner<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.9.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.# grep "^Banner" \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5219\u9700\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.<\/span>
\n \u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728，\u67e5\u770b <\/span>
\n banner <\/span>
\n \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684<\/span>
\n \/etc\/issue.net <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b<\/span>
\n " Authorized only. All <\/span> <\/p>\n

activity will be monitored and reported "<\/span>
\n ，\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5219\u9700\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.9.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

Banner \/etc\/issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u521b\u5efa <\/span>
\n banner <\/span>
\n \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684<\/span>
\n \/etc\/issue.net <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u8b66\u544a\u4fe1\u606f <\/span> <\/p>\n

#touch \/etc\/ issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chmod 644 \/etc\/ issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

#echo " Authorized only. All activity will be monitored and reported " > \/etc\/ issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span>
\n \u4fe1\u606f\u6587\u4ef6： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rm \/etc\/telnet_banner <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728，\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span>
\n \u5220\u9664\u5982\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# Authorized only. All activity will be monitored and reported<\/span>
\n 6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u540e <\/span>
\n Banner <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u540e <\/span>
\n Banner<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.# grep "pam_motd.so" \/etc\/pam.d\/sshd|grep "session"|grep "optional" <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.<\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b<\/span>
\n \/etc\/motd <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728，\u82e5\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u9700\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

3. \/etc\/motd<\/span>
\n \u5b58\u5728，\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b<\/span>
\n " <\/span>
\n Login success. All activity will be monitored <\/span> <\/p>\n

and reported.<\/span>
\n "<\/span>
\n ，\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u5219\u9700\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.10.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/sshd<\/span>
\n ，\u5982\u4e0b\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

session optional pam_motd.so <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/motd <\/span>
\n \u6dfb\u52a0\u4fe1\u606f <\/span> <\/p>\n

#touch \/etc\/motd <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chmod 644 \/etc\/motd <\/span> <\/p>\n

#echo " <\/span>
\n Login success. All activity will be monitored and reported. <\/span>
\n " > <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/motd <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5220\u9664<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/sshd <\/span>
\n \u5bf9\u5e94\u884c <\/span>
\n session optional pam_motd.so <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709 <\/span>
\n motd <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u539f\u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n rm \/etc\/motd <\/span> <\/p>\n

iii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728，\u5219\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/motd <\/span>
\n \u5220\u9664\u4fe1\u606f <\/span>
\n " <\/span>
\n Login success. All activity will <\/span> <\/p>\n

be monitored and reported. <\/span>
\n " <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5 <\/span>
\n telnet Banner <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u524d\u8b66\u544a <\/span>
\n Banner<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d：<\/span>
\n 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/etc\/issue.net<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.11.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u6267\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span>
\n \u4fe1\u606f\u6587\u4ef6： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#touch \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chmod 644 \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

#echo " Authorized only. All activity will be monitored and reported " > \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span>
\n \u4fe1\u606f\u6587\u4ef6： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rm \/etc\/ <\/span>
\n issue.net <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728，\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ issue.net <\/span>
\n \u5220\u9664\u5982\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f：<\/span>
\n " Authorized only. All activity will <\/span> <\/p>\n

be monitored and reported " <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12 telnet <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u540e\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u6210\u529f\u767b\u5f55\u540e <\/span>
\n Banner<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/etc\/motd<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.12.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709 <\/span>
\n motd <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa <\/span>
\n motd <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#touch \/etc\/motd <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u76f4\u5b58\u5728，\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/motd <\/span>
\n \u5220\u9664\u5982\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# <\/span>
\n Login success. All activity will be monitored and reported. <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709 <\/span>
\n motd <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u539f\u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n motd <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rm \/etc\/motd <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728，\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/motd <\/span>
\n \u5220\u9664\u5982\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#<\/span>
\n Login success. All activity will be monitored and reported.<\/span>
\n 8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13 Telnet <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n telnet <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n pam_succeed_if.so <\/span> <\/p>\n

#grep <\/span>
\n \u201c <\/span>
\n pam_succeed_if<\/span>
\n \u201d <\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/remote <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth requisite pam_succeed_if.so user != root <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.13.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/remote,<\/span>
\n \u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b： <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth requisite pam_succeed_if.so user !=root <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u627e\u5230\u6dfb\u52a0\u884c\u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n auth requisite pam_succeed_if.so user !=root <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n openssh <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u9a8c\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^PermitRootLogin" \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config <\/span> <\/p>\n

PermitRootLogin no <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.14.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

3) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u627e\u5230 <\/span>
\n PermitRootLogin <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9： <\/span> <\/p>\n

PermitRootLogin no <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u91cd\u542f <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\n 9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

systemctl restart sshd <\/span> <\/p>\n

4) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684 <\/span>
\n PermitRootLogin <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u91cd\u542f <\/span>
\n ssh <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

systemctl restart sshd <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u534f\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n openssh <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^Protocol" \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config <\/span> <\/p>\n

Protocol 2<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.15.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u627e\u5230 <\/span>
\n Protocol <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9： <\/span> <\/p>\n

Protocol 2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684 <\/span>
\n Protocol <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16 SSH <\/span>
\n \u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u7ea7\u672a\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n openssh <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^LogLevel" \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config <\/span> <\/p>\n

LogLevel INFO<\/span>
\n \u3002<\/span>
\n 10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.16.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u627e\u5230 <\/span>
\n LogLevel <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n : <\/span> <\/p>\n

LogLevel INFO <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684 <\/span>
\n LogLevel <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17 SSH <\/span>
\n \u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u672a\u914d\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n openssh <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa <\/span>
\n MaxAuthTries <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5c0f\u4e8e\u6216\u7b49\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 4<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^MaxAuthTries" \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config <\/span> <\/p>\n

MaxAuthTries 4<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.17.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u627e\u5230 <\/span>
\n MaxAuthTries <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n : <\/span> <\/p>\n

MaxAuthTries 4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684 <\/span>
\n MaxAuthTries <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.18 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u7528\u6237\u767b\u5f55 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.18.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n openssh <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.18.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^PermitEmptyPasswords" \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n 11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

PermitEmptyPasswords no<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.18.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u627e\u5230 <\/span>
\n PermitEmptyPasswords <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n : <\/span> <\/p>\n

PermitEmptyPasswords no <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684 <\/span>
\n PermitEmptyPasswords <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19 SSH <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u73af\u5883\u5904\u7406 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n openssh <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep PermitUserEnvironment \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config <\/span> <\/p>\n

PermitUserEnvironment no <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.19.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u627e\u5230 <\/span>
\n PermitUserEnvironment <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n : <\/span> <\/p>\n

PermitUserEnvironment no <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684 <\/span>
\n PermitUserEnvironment <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728<\/span>
\n \u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20 SSH <\/span>
\n \u5f3a\u52a0\u5bc6\u7b97\u6cd5\u672a\u5f00\u542f <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n openssh <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/span>
\n 12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

nmap –script ssh2-enum-algos -sV -p 22 ip<\/span>
\n （\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u6807\u7684 <\/span>
\n ip <\/span>
\n \u5730\u5740<\/span>
\n ) <\/span> <\/p>\n

encryption_algorithms: (6) <\/span> <\/p>\n

| <\/span> <\/p>\n

aes128-ctr <\/span> <\/p>\n

| <\/span> <\/p>\n

aes192-ctr <\/span> <\/p>\n

| <\/span> <\/p>\n

aes256-ctr <\/span> <\/p>\n

| <\/span> <\/p>\n

aes128-cbc <\/span> <\/p>\n

| <\/span> <\/p>\n

3des-cbc <\/span> <\/p>\n

| <\/span> <\/p>\n

arcfour128 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.20.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-cbc <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/span>
\n ，\u5220\u9664\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

Ciphers aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-cbc <\/span> <\/p>\n

2 <\/span>
\n \u98ce\u9669\u8d26\u6237 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1 <\/span>
\n \u7a7a\u53e3\u4ee4\u8d26\u53f7\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u53e3\u4ee4\u8d26\u53f7，\u5bf9\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u7a7a\u53e3\u4ee4\u8d26\u53f7\u52a0\u56fa，\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u7cfb\u7edf\u88ab\u9ed1\u5ba2\u6240\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u8d26\u6237 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u767b\u5f55\u6216\u906d\u5230\u9ed1\u5ba2\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
\n \/etc\/shadow<\/span>
\n ，\u67e5\u770b <\/span>
\n uid <\/span>
\n \u5927\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 1000<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n secadm<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n auditadm <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7a7a\u5bc6\u7801\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa\u5e76\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u8fdb\u884c\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

# usermod -L <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8c03\u7528<\/span>
\n " usermod -U <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n >"<\/span>
\n \u89e3\u9664\u9501\u5b9a\u3002<\/span>
\n 13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u53f7\u767b\u5f55\u9650\u5236 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d26\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u767b\u5f55\u9650\u5236\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
\n \/etc\/passwd<\/span>
\n ，\u67e5\u770b <\/span>
\n uid <\/span>
\n \u5c0f\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 1000<\/span>
\n ，\u4e14\u975e <\/span>
\n root<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n secadm<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n auditadm <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/sbin\/halt <\/span>
\n \u6216<\/span>
\n \/sbin\/nologin<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e0a\u9762\u68c0\u67e5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

# usermod -s \/sbin\/nologin <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 <\/span>
\n usermod -s \/bin\/bash <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3 <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa <\/span>
\n uid <\/span>
\n \u4e3a <\/span>
\n 0 <\/span>
\n \u9664 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5e10\u6237 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9664 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u4e4b\u5916 <\/span>
\n UID <\/span>
\n \u4e3a <\/span>
\n 0 <\/span>
\n \u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u786e\u8ba4\u4ec5\u8fd4\u56de\u201c<\/span>
\n root<\/span>
\n \u201d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# cat \/etc\/passwd | awk -F: '($3 == 0) { print $1 }' <\/span> <\/p>\n

root <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u7981\u7528\u5177\u6709 <\/span>
\n UID 0 <\/span>
\n \u7684 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u6237 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# usermod -L <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u7528\u6237，\u8c03\u7528<\/span>
\n " usermod -U <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n >"<\/span>
\n \u89e3\u9664\u9501\u5b9a\u3002<\/span>
\n 14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4 <\/span>
\n \u9501\u5b9a\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u8d26\u6237 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664\u4e0e\u8bbe\u5907\u8fd0\u884c\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u8d26\u53f7\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
\n \/etc\/shadow <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u7528\u6237（<\/span>
\n adm<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n lp<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n mail<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n uucp<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n operator<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n games<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n gopher<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n ftp<\/span>
\n ， <\/span> <\/p>\n

nobody<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n nobody4<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n noaccess<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n listen<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n webservd<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n rpm<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n dbus<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n avahi<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n mailnull<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n smmsp<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n nscd<\/span>
\n ， <\/span> <\/p>\n

vcsa<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n rpc<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n rpcuser<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n nfs<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n sshd<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n pcap<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n ntp<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n haldaemon<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n distcache<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n apache<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n webalizer<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n squid<\/span>
\n ， <\/span> <\/p>\n

xfs<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n gdm<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n sabayon<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n named<\/span>
\n ）\u4e14\u672a\u9501\u5b9a\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u7528\u6237\u9501\u5b9a： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# usermod -L <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u56fa\u7684\u7528\u6237，\u8c03\u7528<\/span>
\n "passwd -u -f <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n >"<\/span>
\n \u89e3\u9664\u9501\u5b9a <\/span> <\/p>\n

3 <\/span>
\n \u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5f00\u542f\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565（\u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u7981\u6b62\u5305\u542b\u7528\u6237\u540d\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u56de <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6587\u68c0\u67e5\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u68c0\u67e5\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u5b57\u5178\u68c0\u67e5\u529f\u80fd）\u529f\u80fd\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u5bc6\u7801\u5f3a\u5ea6\u529f\u80fd，\u914d\u7f6e\u5219\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#grep \u201cpam_pwquality\u201d \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth|grep enforce_for_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

password requisite pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_user_only enforce_for_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

2 <\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5f53 \u53d1 \u73b0 \u6b65 \u9aa4 <\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u914d \u7f6e \u4e86 <\/span>
\n pam_pwquality <\/span>
\n \u4e14 \u5305 \u542b \u53c2 \u6570 <\/span>
\n enforce_for_root <\/span>
\n \u65f6 ， \u68c0 \u67e5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u201c<\/span>
\n palindromic<\/span>
\n \u201d\u662f\u5426\u672a\u5c4f\u853d，\u672a\u5c4f\u853d\u5219\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3 <\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5f53 \u53d1 \u73b0 \u6b65 \u9aa4 <\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u914d \u7f6e \u4e86 <\/span>
\n pam_pwquality <\/span>
\n \u4e14 \u5305 \u542b \u53c2 \u6570 <\/span>
\n enforce_for_root <\/span>
\n \u65f6 ， \u68c0 \u67e5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u201c<\/span>
\n usercheck<\/span>
\n \u201d\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u201c<\/span>
\n 1<\/span>
\n \u201d<\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u7b26\u5408，<\/span>
\n 0 <\/span>
\n \u4e0d\u7b26\u5408，\u5c4f\u853d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5408<\/span>
\n 15 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4 <\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5f53 \u53d1 \u73b0 \u6b65 \u9aa4 <\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u914d \u7f6e \u4e86 <\/span>
\n pam_pwquality <\/span>
\n \u4e14 \u5305 \u542b \u53c2 \u6570 <\/span>
\n enforce_for_root <\/span>
\n \u65f6 ， \u68c0 \u67e5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u201c<\/span>
\n no_similar_check<\/span>
\n \u201d\u662f\u5426\u5c4f\u853d，\u5c4f\u853d\u5219\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5 <\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5f53 \u53d1 \u73b0 \u6b65 \u9aa4 <\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u914d \u7f6e \u4e86 <\/span>
\n pam_pwquality <\/span>
\n \u4e14 \u5305 \u542b \u53c2 \u6570 <\/span>
\n enforce_for_root <\/span>
\n \u65f6 ， \u68c0 \u67e5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u201c\u201c<\/span>
\n dictcheck<\/span>
\n \u201d\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u201c<\/span>
\n 1<\/span>
\n \u201d<\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u7b26\u5408，<\/span>
\n 0 <\/span>
\n \u4e0d\u7b26\u5408<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5c4f\u853d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u7b26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u884c，\u7136\u540e\u5728\u540e\u9762\u589e\u52a0\u5b57\u6bb5 <\/span>
\n enforce_for_root<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

password requisite pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_user_only enforce_for_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

iii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9： <\/span> <\/p>\n

dictcheck=1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

usercheck=1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

palindromic <\/span> <\/p>\n

#no_similar_check <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/\/<\/span>
\n \u5c4f\u853d <\/span>
\n no_similar_check <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u884c，\u5220\u9664\u5b57\u6bb5 <\/span>
\n enforce_for_root<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

password requisite pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_user_only <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u914d\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u8bbe\u5907\u5bc6\u7801\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
\n \/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u53c2\u6570\u201c<\/span>
\n ucredit<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n dcredit<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n ocredit<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n lcredit<\/span>
\n \u201d，\u672a\u5c4f\u853d\u4e14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u503c\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u201c<\/span>
\n -1<\/span>
\n \u201d\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5219\u7b26\u5408\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

dcredit=-1<\/span>
\n 16 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ucredit=-1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ocredit=-1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

lcredit=-1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.3 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53e3\u4ee4\u751f\u5b58\u5468\u671f\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1 <\/span>
\n PASS_MAX_DAYS <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u7ad9\u70b9\u7b56\u7565（<\/span>
\n 90<\/span>
\n ）<\/span>
\n : <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep PASS_MAX_DAYS \/etc\/login.defs <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n chage -l <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n ><\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u6548\u671f\u662f\u5426\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 90 <\/span>
\n \u4ee5\u5185，\u5305\u62ec <\/span>
\n 90 <\/span>
\n \u5929 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chage -l <user> <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4e24\u6b21\u6539\u53d8\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u8ddd\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5929\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

：<\/span>
\n 99999 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8bb0\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e24\u6b21\u6539\u53d8\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u8ddd\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5929\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

：<\/span>
\n 99999 <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u6570\u503c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.<\/span>
\n \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/login.defs <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

PASS_MAX_DAYS 90 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.# chage –maxdays 90 <user> <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i. <\/span>
\n \u628a\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii.<\/span>
\n \u5148\u53d6\u5f97\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d <\/span>
\n chage -l <\/span>
\n \u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u6700\u5927\u6709\u6548\u671f\u65f6\u95f4，\u8c03\u7528 <\/span>
\n chage <\/span> <\/p>\n

–maxdays <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u6700\u5c0f\u957f\u5ea6\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u53e3\u4ee4\u6700\u5c0f\u957f\u5ea6\u3002<\/span>
\n 17 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span>
\n \/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u7684\u53c2\u6570 <\/span>
\n minlen <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 8 <\/span>
\n \u6216 <\/span>
\n 8 <\/span>
\n \u4f4d\u4ee5\u4e0a，\u4e14\u672a\u5c4f <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u853d\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/security\/pwquality.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

minlen=8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u66f4\u6539\u6700\u77ed\u95f4\u9694\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53e3\u4ee4\u66f4\u6539\u6700\u5c0f\u95f4\u9694\u5929\u6570\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.<\/span>
\n \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1 <\/span>
\n PASS_MIN_DAYS <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 7 <\/span>
\n \u5929\u6216 <\/span>
\n 7 <\/span>
\n \u5929\u4ee5\u4e0a： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep PASS_MIN_DAYS \/etc\/login.defs <\/span> <\/p>\n

PASS_MIN_DAYS 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n chage -l <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n ><\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u6548\u671f\u662f\u5426\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 90 <\/span>
\n \u4ee5\u5185，\u5305\u62ec <\/span>
\n 90 <\/span>
\n \u5929 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chage -l <user> <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4e24\u6b21\u6539\u53d8\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u8ddd\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5929\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

：<\/span>
\n 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8bb0\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5728\u4e24\u6b21\u6539\u53d8\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u8ddd\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u5929\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

：<\/span>
\n 0 <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u6570\u503c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.<\/span>
\n \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/login.defs <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

PASS_MIN_DAYS 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.<\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53c2\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chage –mindays 7 <user> <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5：<\/span>
\n 18 <\/span> <\/p>\n

i. <\/span>
\n \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii.<\/span>
\n \u5148\u53d6\u5f97\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d <\/span>
\n chage -l <\/span>
\n \u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6700\u5c0f\u6709\u6548\u65f6\u95f4，\u8c03\u7528 <\/span>
\n chage — mindays <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u8fc7\u671f\u524d\u8b66\u544a\u5929\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53e3\u4ee4\u8fc7\u671f\u524d\u8b66\u544a\u5929\u6570\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.<\/span>
\n \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1 <\/span>
\n PASS_WARN_AGE <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 7 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u66f4\u957f： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep PASS_WARN_AGE \/etc\/login.defs <\/span> <\/p>\n

PASS_WARN_AGE 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n chage -l <<\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u540d<\/span>
\n ><\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b\u6709\u6548\u671f\u662f\u5426\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 90 <\/span>
\n \u4ee5\u5185，\u5305\u62ec <\/span>
\n 90 <\/span>
\n \u5929 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chage -l <user> <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u4e4b\u524d\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u5929\u6570 ：<\/span>
\n 7 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8bb0\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5728\u5bc6\u7801\u8fc7\u671f\u4e4b\u524d\u8b66\u544a\u7684\u5929\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

：<\/span>
\n 7 <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u6570\u503c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n ．\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/login.defs <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

PASS_WARN_AGE 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2.<\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7528\u6237\u53c2\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chage –warndays 30 <user> <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i. <\/span>
\n \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii.<\/span>
\n \u5148\u53d6\u5f97\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d <\/span>
\n chage -l <\/span>
\n \u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u544a\u8b66\u5929\u6570，\u8c03\u7528 <\/span>
\n chage –warndays <\/span>
\n \u547d <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4ee4\u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u5bc6\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u9650\u5236 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u5bc6\u7801\u91cd\u590d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u9650\u5236\u3002<\/span>
\n 19 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u201c<\/span>
\n remember<\/span>
\n \u201d\u9009\u9879\u4e3a\u201c<\/span>
\n 5<\/span>
\n \u201d\u6216\u66f4\u591a\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u5728\u6240\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# egrep "pam_pwhistory.so" \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth|grep password|grep remember <\/span> <\/p>\n

3.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16 \u8f91 <\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth <\/span>
\n ， \u627e \u5230 \u7c7b \u4f3c \u884c <\/span>
\n password <\/span> <\/p>\n

requisite <\/span> <\/p>\n

pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass local_users_only<\/span>
\n ，\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5bc6\u7801\u5386\u53f2\u7b56\u7565： <\/span> <\/p>\n

password requisite pam_pwhistory.so remember=5 enforce_for_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth<\/span>
\n ，\u5220\u9664\u6539\u884c <\/span>
\n password requisite pam_pwhistory.so remember=5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

enforce_for_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

4 <\/span>
\n \u8d26\u6237\u9501\u5b9a <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1 <\/span>
\n \u53e3\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9501\u5b9a\u529f\u80fd\u5f00\u542f <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u8d26\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\u9650\u5236\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u7f6e，<\/span>
\n deny <\/span>
\n \u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 5 <\/span>
\n \u6b21，\u9501\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u79d2\u7b97\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "pam_faillock" \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth|grep deny|grep<\/span>
\n \u201c<\/span>
\n unlock_time<\/span>
\n \u201d <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth required pam_faillock.so preauth audit deny=5 even_deny_root unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth sufficient pam_faillock.so authsucc audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/password-auth <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565<\/span>
\n 20 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth required pam_faillock.so preauth audit deny=5 even_deny_root unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth sufficient pam_faillock.so authsucc audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u53e3\u4ee4\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u9501\u5b9a <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n SSH <\/span>
\n \u65b9\u5f0f\u8d26\u6237\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\u9650\u5236\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4ee5\u786e\u5b9a\u7528\u6237\u9501\u5b9a\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u7f6e，<\/span>
\n deny <\/span>
\n \u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 5 <\/span>
\n \u6b21，\u9501\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u79d2\u7b97\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "pam_faillock" \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth|grep deny|grep<\/span>
\n \u201c<\/span>
\n unlock_time<\/span>
\n \u201d <\/span> <\/p>\n

4.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/system-auth <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth required pam_faillock.so preauth audit deny=5 even_deny_root unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth sufficient pam_faillock.so authsucc audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/pam.d\/password-auth <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u5982\u4e0b\u7b56\u7565 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth required pam_faillock.so preauth audit deny=5 even_deny_root unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth [default=die] pam_faillock.so authfail audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth sufficient pam_faillock.so authsucc audit deny=5 even_deny_root <\/span> <\/p>\n

unlock_time=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002<\/span>
\n 21 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1 <\/span>
\n \u5f00\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u94f6\u6cb3\u9e92\u9e9f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668 <\/span>
\n V10SP3 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f，\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3a <\/span>
\n strict <\/span>
\n \u4e3a\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#security-switch –get <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u67e5\u770b <\/span>
\n box <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f，\u72b6\u6001 <\/span>
\n on <\/span>
\n \u4e3a\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#getstatus -m box <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u94f6\u6cb3\u9e92\u9e9f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668 <\/span>
\n V10SP1 <\/span>
\n \u548c <\/span>
\n V10SP2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n ．\u67e5\u770b\u5b89\u5168\u6a21\u5f0f，\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3a <\/span>
\n strict <\/span>
\n \u4e3a\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528<\/span>
\n #security-switch \u2013get <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e76\u8bb0\u5f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u524d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n ．\u67e5\u770b <\/span>
\n box <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f，\u503c <\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u4e3a\u7b26\u5408 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#cat \/sys\/kernel\/security\/box\/status <\/span> <\/p>\n

SP1&SP2 <\/span>
\n \u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6 <\/span>
\n grub <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u83b7\u53d6 <\/span>
\n box <\/span>
\n \u72b6\u6001；<\/span>
\n SP3 <\/span>
\n \u901a\u8fc7 <\/span>
\n getstatus -m box <\/span>
\n \u83b7\u53d6\u72b6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6001 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u94f6\u6cb3\u9e92\u9e9f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668 <\/span>
\n V10SP3 <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5f53\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u662f <\/span>
\n strict <\/span>
\n \u65f6，\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5f00\u542f <\/span>
\n strict <\/span>
\n \u6a21\u5f0f <\/span> <\/p>\n

#security-switch –set strict <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5f53 <\/span>
\n box <\/span>
\n \u672a\u5f00\u542f\u65f6，\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

#setstatus box -s enable <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u9488\u5bf9\u94f6\u6cb3\u9e92\u9e9f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668 <\/span>
\n V10SP1 <\/span>
\n \u548c <\/span>
\n V10SP2 <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5f53\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u662f <\/span>
\n strict <\/span>
\n \u65f6，\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5f00\u542f <\/span>
\n strict <\/span>
\n \u6a21\u5f0f <\/span> <\/p>\n

#security-switch –set strict <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5f53 <\/span>
\n box <\/span>
\n \u672a\u5f00\u542f\u65f6，\u5728<\/span>
\n \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg <\/span>
\n \u4e2d <\/span>
\n security=kysec <\/span>
\n \u540e\u52a0\u5165 <\/span>
\n box ,<\/span>
\n \u5982\u4e0b： <\/span> <\/p>\n

linux <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/vmlinuz-4.19.90-25.9.v2101.ky10.x86_64 <\/span> <\/p>\n

root=\/dev\/mapper\/klas-root <\/span> <\/p>\n

ro <\/span> <\/p>\n

resume=\/dev\/mapper\/klas-swap rd.lvm.lv=klas\/root rd.lvm.lv=klas\/swap rhgb quiet <\/span> <\/p>\n

crashkernel=1024M,high security=kysec,box kysec_status=2<\/span>
\n 22 <\/span> <\/p>\n

3) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u547d\u4ee4 <\/span>
\n security-switch –set <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u65b0\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u72b6\u6001；<\/span>
\n SP1&SP2 <\/span>
\n \u901a\u8fc7\u4fee\u6539 <\/span>
\n grub <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u53c2 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n box <\/span>
\n \u72b6\u6001；<\/span>
\n SP3 <\/span>
\n \u901a\u8fc7 <\/span>
\n setstatus box -s XX <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span>
\n box <\/span>
\n \u72b6\u6001\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.2 firewalld <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e94\u6309 <\/span>
\n GB\/T 20271<\/span>
\n \u2014<\/span>
\n 2006 <\/span>
\n \u4e2d５<\/span>
\n .<\/span>
\n １<\/span>
\n .<\/span>
\n ５ａ）\u4f1a\u8bdd\u5efa\u7acb\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8981\u6c42，\u6839\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u5730\u5740\u6216\u7aef\u53e3，\u5141 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8bb8\u6216\u62d2\u7edd\u7528\u6237\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u3002\u9274\u522b\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u51c6\u8bb8\u88ab\u65c1\u8def\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e94\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236，\u6309\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u8fdb\u5165\u65b9\u5f0f\u3001\u5730\u70b9\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u5730\u5740\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u6761\u4ef6\u89c4\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u7528\u6237 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u80fd\u8fdb\u5165\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1 <\/span>
\n firewalld <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u8fd0\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

#firewall-cmd –state <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982<\/span>
\n firewalld<\/span>
\n \u5df2\u8fd0\u884c，\u5219\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u89c4\u5219，\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u67e5\u770b<\/span>
\n ports<\/span>
\n \u3001 <\/span> <\/p>\n

services<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n protocols<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n forward-ports<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n source-ports<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n icmp-blocks<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n rich rules <\/span>
\n \u7b49\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u89c4\u5219， <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u679c\u4e3a\u7a7a\u5219\u65e0\u89c4\u5219\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#firewall-cmd –list-all <\/span> <\/p>\n

5.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u624b\u52a8\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c <\/span>
\n firewalld <\/span>
\n \u672a\u8fd0\u884c，\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5982\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl enable firewalld <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl restart firewalld <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u89c4\u5219，\u5982\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u624b\u52a8\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#firewall-cmd –list-all<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u624b\u52a8\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c <\/span>
\n firewalld <\/span>
\n \u5df2\u8fd0\u884c，\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5982\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl disable firewalld <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl stop firewalld <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u89c4\u5219，\u5982\u5df2\u8bbe\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219\u5219\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u624b\u52a8\u5220\u9664\u89c4\u5219： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#firewall-cmd –remove<\/span>
\n \u3002\u5220\u9664\u5b8c\u5373\u6062\u590d<\/span>
\n 23 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u5ba1\u8ba1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rsyslog.conf<\/span>
\n ，\u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86<\/span>
\n *.err<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n kern.debug<\/span>
\n ，<\/span>
\n daemon.notice <\/span>
\n \u7b49 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rsyslog.conf<\/span>
\n ，\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u914d\u7f6e\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

*.err;kern.debug;daemon.notice \/var\/adm\/messages <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u884c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2 psacct <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n psacct <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa |grep psacct <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u67e5\u770b <\/span>
\n psacct <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f，\u5f00\u542f\u65e0\u9700\u52a0\u56fa\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl status psacct <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n psacct <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5b89\u88c5\u540e，\u67e5\u770b\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u65e0\u9700\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u672a\u5f00\u542f，\u6062\u590d\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d\u72b6\u6001\u3002<\/span>
\n 24 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u7528\u6237\u624b\u52a8\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n psacct <\/span>
\n \u5305，\u5219\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5378\u8f7d\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3 swatch <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5ba1\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u5206\u6790\u8f6f\u4ef6 <\/span>
\n swatch <\/span>
\n \u672a\u5b89\u88c5，\u5efa\u8bae\u5b89\u88c5\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n swatch <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa |grep swatch <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n swatch <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#yum install swatch <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4 <\/span>
\n \u767b\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u914d\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u767b\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/var\/log\/wtmp,\/var\/run\/utmp <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

3) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u521b\u5efa\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#touch \/var\/log\/wtmp <\/span> <\/p>\n

#touch \/var\/run\/utmp <\/span> <\/p>\n

4) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rm \/var\/log\/wtmp <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rm \/var\/run\/utmp<\/span>
\n 25 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5 audit <\/span>
\n \u89c4\u5219\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8eab\u4efd\u9274\u522b\u3001\u81ea\u4e3b\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u6807\u8bb0\u548c\u5f3a\u5236\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u7b49\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u4f7f\u7528 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u5220\u9664\u5ba2\u4f53\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c <\/span> <\/p>\n

3<\/span>
\n \u3001\u6240\u6709\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c <\/span> <\/p>\n

4<\/span>
\n \u3001\u6bcf\u6761\u5ba1\u8ba1\u8bb0\u5f55\u5e94\u5305\u62ec：\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u53d1\u751f\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u89e6\u53d1\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6210\u529f\u6216\u5931\u8d25\u7b49\u5b57\u6bb5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

5<\/span>
\n \u3001\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u5220\u9664\u5ba2\u4f53\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fd8\u5e94\u5305\u62ec\u5ba2\u4f53\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u3001\u5ba2\u4f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5c5e\u6027 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5ba1\u8ba1\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fd8\u5e94\u5305\u62ec：\u7f51\u7edc\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540d\u79f0\u3001\u534f\u8bae\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u6e90ＩＰ\u5730\u5740\u3001\u76ee\u7684Ｉ <\/span> <\/p>\n

Ｐ\u5730\u5740\u3001\u6e90\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3001\u4f1a\u8bdd\u603b\u5b57\u8282\u6570\u7b49\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5148\u5728 <\/span>
\n grub <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u52a0\u4e0a <\/span>
\n audit=1<\/span>
\n ，\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5185\u6838\u7684\u5ba1\u8ba1\u529f\u80fd\u5df2\u6253\u5f00 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1 <\/span>
\n auditd <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u8fd0\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl status auditd <\/span> <\/p>\n

3<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u5982 <\/span>
\n auditd <\/span>
\n \u5df2\u8fd0\u884c，\u5219\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u89c4\u5219， <\/span> <\/p>\n

#auditctl -l <\/span> <\/p>\n

6.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c <\/span>
\n auditd <\/span>
\n \u672a\u8fd0\u884c，\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5982\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl enable auditd <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl restart auditd <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u89c4\u5219（\u8f93\u51fa\u672a\u7a7a\u5219\u672a\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219），\u5982\u672a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u89c4\u5219 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5219\u63d0\u793a\u7528\u6237\u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#auditctl -l<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

iii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u5ba1\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219 <\/span> <\/p>\n

auditctl -w \/tmp\/file1 -k file <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/\/<\/span>
\n \u76d1\u63a7 <\/span>
\n file1 <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u7684 <\/span>
\n arwx <\/span> <\/p>\n

auditctl -a exit,always -F arch=b64 -S execve -F uid=0 \/\/<\/span>
\n \u76d1\u63a7 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7528 <\/span>
\n execve <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u56fa\u524d <\/span>
\n auditd <\/span>
\n \u672a\u8fd0\u884c，\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd8\u539f，\u5982\u5df2\u8fd0\u884c\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6b65 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl disable auditd <\/span> <\/p>\n

#systemctl stpo auditd<\/span>
\n 26 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u89c4\u5219 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#auditctl -l <\/span> <\/p>\n

iii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5220\u9664\u89c4\u5219（\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u89c4\u5219） <\/span> <\/p>\n

#auditctl -D \/\/<\/span>
\n \u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n auditctl -l <\/span>
\n \u67e5\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u89c4\u5219 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#auditctl -d always,exit -F arch=b64 -S execve -F uid=0 \/\/ <\/span>
\n \u5220\u9664\u76d1\u63a7 <\/span>
\n root <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u7684\u7cfb <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7edf\u8c03\u7528 <\/span>
\n execve <\/span>
\n \u89c4\u5219 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7 <\/span>
\n \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1 icmp <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u62a5\u6587\u672a\u7981\u6b62 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e，\u662f\u5426\u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n icmp <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u62a5\u6587\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.conf\\\\.all\\\\.accept_redirects" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects= 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.conf\\\\.default\\\\.accept_redirects" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects= 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570：<\/span>
\n 27 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2 <\/span>
\n \u53d1\u9001\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u672a\u7981\u6b62 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e，\u68c0\u67e5 <\/span>
\n send_redirects <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.conf\\\\.all\\\\.send_redirects" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.conf\\\\.default\\\\.send_redirects" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects= 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p<\/span>
\n 28 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3 icmp echo <\/span>
\n \u8bf7\u6c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u672a\u5f00\u542f <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e，\u68c0\u67e5 <\/span>
\n icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.4 icmp <\/span>
\n \u6e90\u8def\u7531\u672a\u7981\u6b62 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e，\u662f\u5426\u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n icmp <\/span>
\n \u6e90\u8def\u7531\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0<\/span>
\n 29 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.conf\\\\.all\\\\.accept_source_route" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route= 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.conf\\\\.default\\\\.accept_source_route" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route= 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5 <\/span>
\n \u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u672a\u7981\u6b62 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e，\u68c0\u67e5 <\/span>
\n ip_forward <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "net\\\\.ipv4\\\\.ip_forward" \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

7.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0<\/span>
\n 30 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8f7d\u5165 <\/span>
\n sysctl <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -p <\/span> <\/p>\n

8 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u5168\u7f51\u7edc <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1 <\/span>
\n \u5173\u95ed <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u7ed1\u5b9a <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u5173\u95ed\u591a <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u7ed1\u5b9a\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5173\u95ed <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u7ed1\u5b9a，\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u4e14\u503c\u4e3a <\/span>
\n off <\/span> <\/p>\n

#grep multi \/etc\/host.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/host.conf <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6dfb\u52a0\u53c2\u6570 <\/span> <\/p>\n

multi off <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u7684\u884c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2 <\/span>
\n \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u4e3b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u4f2a\u88c5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u5173\u95ed <\/span>
\n IP <\/span>
\n \u4f2a\u88c5\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u53cd\u5411\u8def\u7531\u7b5b\u9009，\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570\u4e14\u503c\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#sysctl -n net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter <\/span> <\/p>\n

#sysctl -n net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter<\/span>
\n 31 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u67e5\u627e\u884c，\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u884c\u524d\u52a0\u201c<\/span>
\n #<\/span>
\n \u201d\u6ce8\u91ca，\u7136\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/sysctl.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u67e5\u627e\u884c，\u5728\u67e5\u627e\u884c\u524d\u53bb\u6389\u201c<\/span>
\n #<\/span>
\n \u201d\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5220\u9664 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3 snmp <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4fee\u6539 <\/span>
\n snmp <\/span>
\n \u9ed8\u8ba4\u56e2\u4f53\u5b57\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n snmp<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

$rpm -qa |grep net-snmp <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/snmp\/snmpd.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

3<\/span>
\n \u3001\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n private<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n public <\/span>
\n \u56e2\u4f53\u540d <\/span> <\/p>\n

8.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u672a\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n snmp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1，\u5219\u65e0\u9700\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/snmp\/snmp.conf<\/span>
\n ，\u4e14\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n private <\/span>
\n \u6216 <\/span>
\n public <\/span>
\n \u9ed8\u8ba4\u56e2\u4f53\u540d <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0\u201c<\/span>
\n #<\/span>
\n \u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a <\/span>
\n private <\/span>
\n \u6216 <\/span>
\n public <\/span>
\n \u6539\u6210：<\/span>
\n kylin_snmp<\/span>
\n ，\u5e76\u53bb\u9664 <\/span>
\n default <\/span>
\n \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

iii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u91cd\u542f <\/span>
\n snmp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1<\/span>
\n 32 <\/span> <\/p>\n

systemctl restart snmpd <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u518d\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u91cd\u542f <\/span>
\n snmp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

systemctl restart snmpd <\/span> <\/p>\n

9 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8f93\u51fa\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u4fdd\u7559\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u6761\u6570\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd4\u56de\u5185\u5bb9，\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570，\u4e14\u6761\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 5 <\/span>
\n \u6761\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^HISTSIZE" \/etc\/profile<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/profile,<\/span>
\n \u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e0b<\/span>
\n \u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b： <\/span> <\/p>\n

HISTSIZE=5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u67e5\u627e <\/span>
\n HISTSIZE <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u53bb\u6389\u201c<\/span>
\n #<\/span>
\n \u201d\u6ce8\u91ca <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5220\u9664\u884c <\/span>
\n HISTSIZE=5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2 <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bb0\u5f55\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u4fdd\u7559\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u5927\u5c0f\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd4\u56de\u5185\u5bb9，\u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u53c2\u6570，\u4e14\u6761\u6570\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 5 <\/span>
\n \u6761\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^HISTFILESIZE" \/etc\/profile<\/span>
\n \u3002<\/span>
\n 33 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/profile <\/span>
\n \u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e0b<\/span>
\n \u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b <\/span> <\/p>\n

HISTFILESIZE=5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001<\/span>
\n \u67e5\u627e <\/span>
\n HISTFILESIZE <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u53bb\u6389<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u6ce8\u91ca <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5220\u9664\u884c <\/span>
\n HISTFILESIZE =5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3 su <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n su <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rsyslog.conf<\/span>
\n ，\u67e5\u770b\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

authpriv.* <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/secure <\/span> <\/p>\n

9.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rsyslog.conf<\/span>
\n ，\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

authpriv.* <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/secure <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n authpriv.* <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/secure <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

10 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6f5c\u5728\u5371\u9669 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.1 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/span>
\n .netrc <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664<\/span>
\n .netrc <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n .netrc <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name .netrc 2>\/dev\/null<\/span>
\n 34 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name .netrc 2>\/dev\/null|xargs -I {} mv {} {}.bak <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

mv .netrc.bak .netrc <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d <\/span>
\n hosts.equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n hosts.equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n hosts.equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name hosts.equiv 2>\/dev\/null <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name hosts.equiv 2>\/dev\/null|xargs -I {} mv {} {}.bak <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

mv hosts.equiv.bak hosts.equiv <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/span>
\n .rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u662f\u5426\u5220\u9664<\/span>
\n .rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n .rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name .rhosts 2>\/dev\/null<\/span>
\n 35 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name .rhosts 2>\/dev\/null|xargs -I {} mv {} {}.bak <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

mv .rhosts.bak rhosts <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d <\/span>
\n equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n equiv <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name equiv 2>\/dev\/null <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name equiv 2>\/dev\/null|xargs -I {} mv {} {}.bak <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

mv equiv.bak equiv <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5 <\/span>
\n \u91cd\u547d\u540d <\/span>
\n rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n rhosts <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name rhosts 2>\/dev\/null<\/span>
\n 36 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#find \/ -name rhosts 2>\/dev\/null|xargs -I {} mv {} {}.bak <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5e26<\/span>
\n .bak<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

mv rhosts.bak rhosts <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6 \/etc\/aliases <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u522b\u540d <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
\n \/etc\/aliases <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u6253\u5f00<\/span>
\n \/etc\/aliases<\/span>
\n ，\u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728： <\/span> <\/p>\n

games: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n ingres: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n system: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n toor: root<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n uucp: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n manager: root<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n dumper: <\/span> <\/p>\n

root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n operator: root<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n decode: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n root: mar<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5c4f\u853d，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#games: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#ingres: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#system: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#toor: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#uucp: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#manager: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#dumper: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#operator: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#decode: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#root: marc <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u53bb\u9664\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u524d\u9762\u7684 <\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002<\/span>
\n 37 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7 \/etc\/mail\/aliases <\/span>
\n \u672a\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u522b\u540d <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5<\/span>
\n \/etc\/mail\/aliases <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u7981\u7528\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u522b\u540d\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6253\u5f00<\/span>
\n \/etc\/mail\/aliases<\/span>
\n ，\u67e5\u770b\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728： <\/span> <\/p>\n

games: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n ingres: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n system: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n toor: root<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n uucp: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n manager: root<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n dumper: <\/span> <\/p>\n

root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n operator: root<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n decode: root <\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n root: mar<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e0a\u8ff0\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u5c4f\u853d，<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca<\/span>
\n ： <\/span> <\/p>\n

#games: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#ingres: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#system: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#toor: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#uucp: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#manager: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#dumper: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#operator: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#decode: root <\/span> <\/p>\n

#root: marc <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u53bb\u9664\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u524d\u9762\u7684 <\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8 <\/span>
\n \u5224\u65ad <\/span>
\n chkrootkit <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n chkrootkit <\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u6d4b\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n chkrootkit <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa|grep chkrootkit <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5982\u6b65\u9aa4 <\/span>
\n 1 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u88c5\u5219，\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n rootkit <\/span>
\n \u7a0b\u5e8f，\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4：<\/span>
\n 38 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#chkrootkit -p \/home:\/bin:\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/local\/sbin <\/span> <\/p>\n

10.8.3 <\/span>
\n \u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u914d\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u73af\u5883 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u5982\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u63d0\u9192\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5，\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5b89\u88c5 <\/span>
\n chkrootkit <\/span>
\n \u8f6f\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

#yum install chkrootkit <\/span> <\/p>\n

3<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u6267\u884c <\/span>
\n chkrootkit -p \/home:\/bin:\/sbin:\/usr\/bin:\/usr\/sbin:\/usr\/local\/bin:\/usr\/local\/sbin,<\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728 <\/span>
\n rootkit <\/span>
\n \u7a0b\u5e8f，\u5e76\u628a\u7591\u4f3c <\/span>
\n rootkit <\/span>
\n \u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f93\u5165\u5230 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/security_reinforce_chkrootkit.log <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1 su <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u9650\u5236 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u4f7f\u7528 <\/span>
\n PAM <\/span>
\n \u8ba4\u8bc1\u6a21\u5757\u7981\u6b62 <\/span>
\n wheel <\/span>
\n \u7ec4\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u7528\u6237 <\/span>
\n su <\/span>
\n \u4e3a <\/span>
\n root<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u5339\u914d\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep pam_wheel.so \/etc\/pam.d\/su <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth required pam_wheel.so <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u63a7\u5236\u76d8\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237\u662f\u5426\u4e0e\u7ad9\u70b9\u7b56\u7565\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep wheel \/etc\/group <\/span> <\/p>\n

wheel:x:10:root,<user list> <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728 <\/span>
\n etc\/pam.d\/su <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth required pam_wheel.so group=wheel <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728 <\/span>
\n etc\/pam.d\/su <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5982\u4e0b\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

auth required pam_wheel.so group=wheel <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.2 <\/span>
\n \u9650\u5236 <\/span>
\n core dump <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf <\/span>
\n core dump <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/span>
\n 39 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "hard core" \/etc\/security\/limits.conf \/etc\/security\/limits.d\/* <\/span> <\/p>\n

* hard core 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "hard core" \/etc\/security\/limits.conf \/etc\/security\/limits.d\/* <\/span> <\/p>\n

* soft core 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/security\/limits.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

* hard core 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

* soft core 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u91cd\u542f\u751f\u6548 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/security\/limits.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

* hard core 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

* soft core 0 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u91cd\u542f\u751f\u6548 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3 <\/span>
\n \u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n ctrl+alt+delete <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u7981\u7528 <\/span>
\n ctrl+alt+del <\/span>
\n \u7ec4\u5408\u952e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b <\/span>
\n logout <\/span>
\n \u7684 <\/span>
\n defualt <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u201d\u201d <\/span> <\/p>\n

#gsettings get org.mate.SettingsDaemon.plugins.media-keys logout<\/span>
\n ， <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

gsettings set org.mate.SettingsDaemon.plugins.media-keys logout ''<\/span>
\n \u3002\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u540e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u518d\u767b\u9646，\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6548 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c <\/span>
\n gsettings set org.mate.SettingsDaemon.plugins.media-keys logout <\/span> <\/p>\n

'<Control><Alt>Delete'<\/span>
\n \u3002\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u540e\u518d\u767b\u9646，\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u5747\u751f\u6548<\/span>
\n 40 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4 <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u7a7a\u95f2\u9501\u5c4f\u65f6\u95f4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5c4f\u5e55\u9501\u5b9a（\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u5907\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7684\u8bbe\u5907）\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u9501\u5c4f\u65f6\u95f4，\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e <\/span>
\n 15 <\/span>
\n \u5206\u949f <\/span> <\/p>\n

#gsettings get org.mate.session idle-delay <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c <\/span>
\n gsettings set org.mate.session idle-delay 15<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u751f\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f ：\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55，\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6548\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c <\/span>
\n gsettings set org.mate.session idle-delay <\/span>
\n \u539f\u59cb\u503c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u751f\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f ：\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55，\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6548\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5 <\/span>
\n \u542f\u7528\u5c4f\u4fdd <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e\u5b9a\u65f6\u81ea\u52a8\u5c4f\u5e55\u9501\u5b9a（\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u5907\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7684\u8bbe\u5907）\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528<\/span>
\n ,<\/span>
\n \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a <\/span>
\n blank-only <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e\u5df2\u542f\u7528 <\/span> <\/p>\n

gsettings get org.ukui.screensaver mode <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c <\/span>
\n gsettings set org.ukui.screensaver mode blank-only <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u751f\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f ：\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55，\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6548\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u6267\u884c <\/span>
\n gsettings set org.ukui.screensaver mode <\/span>
\n \u539f\u59cb\u503c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u751f\u6548\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f ：\u7528\u6237\u6ce8\u9500\u540e\u518d\u91cd\u65b0\u767b\u5f55，\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/span>
\n 41 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6 <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u4f1a\u8bdd\u8d85\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u754c\u9762\u8d85\u65f6\u9000\u51fa\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6240\u6709 <\/span>
\n TMOUT <\/span>
\n \u884c\u90fd\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 <\/span>
\n 600 <\/span>
\n \u79d2，\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u884c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "^TMOUT" \/etc\/profile <\/span> <\/p>\n

export TMOUT=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/profile <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

export TMOUT=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4： <\/span> <\/p>\n

source \/etc\/profile <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/profile <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u6309\u5982\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u5220\u9664 <\/span>
\n TMOUT <\/span>
\n \u6240\u5728\u884c <\/span> <\/p>\n

export TMOUT=600 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u8fd0\u884c\u5982\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4： <\/span> <\/p>\n

source \/etc\/profile <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7 grub <\/span>
\n \u5f15\u5bfc\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f15\u5bfc\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u5bc6\u7801\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1 <\/span>
\n grub <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u5bc6\u7801： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep "password_pbkdf2" | grep "grub.pbkdf2" <\/span> <\/p>\n

11.7.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u56fa： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2<\/span>
\n 42 <\/span> <\/p>\n

Enter password<\/span>
\n ： \u300a\u300a\u300a\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u7684 <\/span>
\n grub <\/span>
\n \u5bc6\u7801 <\/span> <\/p>\n

Reenter password<\/span>
\n ： \u300a\u300a\u300a\u8fd9\u91cc\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u7684 <\/span>
\n grub <\/span>
\n \u5bc6\u7801 <\/span> <\/p>\n

Your PBKDF2 is <\/span> <\/p>\n

grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.BC4D0A450E86EE447561FC822C832xxxxxxxxxxxxx4557 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2D3B4E40500CE <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/grub2\/grub.cfg <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

set superusers=\u201croot\u201d <\/span> <\/p>\n

password_pbkdf2 root <\/span> <\/p>\n

grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.BC4D0A450E86EE447561FC822C832xxxxxxxxxxxxx4557 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2D3B4E40500CE <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u4ece<\/span>
\n \/etc\/grub2\/grub.cfg <\/span>
\n \u4e2d\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6（\u6b65\u9aa4 <\/span>
\n ii<\/span>
\n ）\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1 <\/span>
\n \u9ed8\u8ba4\u7528\u6237 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u4e3a <\/span>
\n 027 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u66f4\u4e25\u683c <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7528\u6237\u76ee\u5f55\u7f3a\u7701\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u4f7f\u7528 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u503c <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u82e5 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u503c\u4e0d\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 027<\/span>
\n ，\u5219\u67e5\u770b<\/span>
\n \/etc\/bashrc <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u5e94 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u503c <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/bashrc <\/span>
\n \u5e76\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u7f16\u8f91 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u53c2\u6570\u5982\u4e0b： <\/span> <\/p>\n

umask 027 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001 \u91cd\u542f\u751f\u6548 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n ． \u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/bashrc <\/span>
\n \u5e76\u5220\u9664\u6216\u7f16\u8f91 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span>
\n \u53c2\u6570\u4e3a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4fee\u6539\u503c <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n ．\u91cd\u542f\u751f\u6548<\/span>
\n 43 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u91cd\u8981\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u76ee\u5f55\u6587\u4ef6<\/span>
\n –<\/span>
\n \u6743\u9650\u5217\u8868 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/rc.d\/init.d\/ 750<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/xinetd.conf 600<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rc5.d\/ 750<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rc4.d 750<\/span>
\n ； <\/span>
\n \/etc\/security 600<\/span>
\n ； <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/shadow 600<\/span>
\n ； <\/span>
\n \/etc\/passwd 644<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/grub.conf 600<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/boot\/grub\/grub.conf 600<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/lilo.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

600<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/grub2.cfg 600<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg 600<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rc0.d\/ 750<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rc6.d 750<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rc1.d\/ 750<\/span>
\n ； <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/etc\/rc2.d\/ 750<\/span>
\n ； <\/span>
\n \/etc\/group 644<\/span>
\n ； <\/span>
\n \/etc\/services 644<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rc3.d 750<\/span>
\n ；\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u662f\u5426\u7b26\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u4e25 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# stat <<\/span>
\n \u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.2.4 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chmod <<\/span>
\n \u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n > <<\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u52a0\u56fa\u524d <\/span>
\n stat <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chmod <<\/span>
\n \u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n > <<\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65e5\u5fd7\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u6743\u9650\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rsyslog.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span>
\n $FileCreateMode <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709 <\/span>
\n 0640 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9650\u5236， <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep ^\\\\$FileCreateMode \/etc\/rsyslog.conf \/etc\/rsyslog.d\/*.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/span>
\n $DirCreateMode <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709 <\/span>
\n 0755 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u9650\u5236， <\/span> <\/p>\n

# grep ^\\\\$DirCreateMode \/etc\/rsyslog.conf \/etc\/rsyslog.d\/*.conf<\/span>
\n 44 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.3.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rsyslog.conf <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7f16\u8f91<\/span>
\n \/etc\/rsyslog.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6，\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9，<\/span>
\n \u5c06<\/span>
\n $FileCreateMode <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <\/span>
\n 0640 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u66f4\u4e25\u683c<\/span>
\n ,$DirCreateMode <\/span>
\n \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <\/span> <\/p>\n

0755 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u66f4\u4e25\u683c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

$FileCreateMode 0640 <\/span> <\/p>\n

$DirCreateMode 0755 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u884c\u5168\u90e8\u5220\u9664，\u53bb\u6389\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c<\/span>
\n \u7684\u884c\u9996\u7684<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4 <\/span>
\n \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.1 <\/span>
\n \u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/mail<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/var\/log\/boot.log<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/var\/log\/localmessages<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/var\/log\/secure<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/var\/log\/messages <\/span>
\n ； <\/span> <\/p>\n

\/var\/log\/cron<\/span>
\n ； <\/span>
\n \/var\/log\/spooler<\/span>
\n ；<\/span>
\n \/var\/log\/maillog<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650，\u786e\u8ba4\u662f\u5426\u6ee1\u8db3\u6587\u4ef6 <\/span>
\n other <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u4e0d\u53ef\u5199 <\/span> <\/p>\n

# stat <<\/span>
\n \u76ee\u5f55<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.4.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

other <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u53ef\u5199\u5219\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chmod <644> <<\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span>
\n > <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u4e4b\u524d <\/span>
\n stat <\/span>
\n \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u8be2\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6743\u9650： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# chmod <<\/span>
\n \u6743\u9650<\/span>
\n > <<\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0<\/span>
\n ><\/span>
\n 45 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ftp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668 <\/span>
\n umask <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5 <\/span>
\n FTP <\/span>
\n \u7528\u6237\u4e0a\u4f20\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5177\u6709\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf <\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b\u5176\u53c2\u6570 <\/span>
\n local_umask <\/span>
\n \u662f\u5426\u662f <\/span>
\n 022 <\/span>
\n \u6216\u8005\u66f4\u4e25\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.5.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf<\/span>
\n ，\u6dfb\u52a0\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

local_umask 022 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf<\/span>
\n ，\u5220\u9664\u5982\u4e0b\u884c： <\/span> <\/p>\n

local_umask 022 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6 <\/span>
\n \u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ftp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n ftp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1.<\/span>
\n \u5b58\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf <\/span>
\n \u67e5\u770b\u662f\u5426\u914d\u7f6e <\/span>
\n chroot_local_user=YES <\/span>
\n \u3001 <\/span> <\/p>\n

allow_writeable_chroot = YES <\/span> <\/p>\n

12.6.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

chroot_local_user=YES <\/span> <\/p>\n

allow_writeable_chroot = YES <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u9700\u8981\u5199\u6743\u9650\u9700\u8981\u518d\u914d\u7f6e： <\/span> <\/p>\n

write_enable=YES <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u91cd\u542f <\/span>
\n vsftp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

systemctl restart vsftp<\/span>
\n 46 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

i<\/span>
\n \u3001\u5728<\/span>
\n \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d，\u627e\u5230\u52a0\u56fa\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\u6240\u5728\u884c，<\/span>
\n \u628a\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\u5728\u884c\u9996 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u524d<\/span>
\n \u201c#\u201d<\/span>
\n \u8fdb\u884c\u5220\u9664，\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u65b0\u589e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5220\u9664\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

ii<\/span>
\n \u3001\u91cd\u542f <\/span>
\n vsftp <\/span>
\n \u670d\u52a1 <\/span> <\/p>\n

systemctl restart vsftp <\/span> <\/p>\n

13 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u78c1\u76d8\u68c0\u67e5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1 <\/span>
\n \u7cfb\u7edf\u78c1\u76d8\u6269\u5bb9 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u78c1\u76d8\u5206\u533a\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8fd4\u56de\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7 <\/span>
\n 80% <\/span> <\/p>\n

# df -h |grep -w '\/' |awk '{print $5}'|awk -F '%' '{print $1}' <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u5b58\u5728\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8d85\u8fc7 <\/span>
\n 80%<\/span>
\n \u7684\u5219\u63d0\u9192\u7528\u6237\u6269\u5bb9\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2 tripwire <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u6821\u9a8c\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n tripwire <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa|grep tripwire <\/span> <\/p>\n

13.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u63d0\u9192\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u3002<\/span>
\n 47 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8d44\u6e90\u5206\u914d <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1 quota <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e94\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6216\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840，\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236，\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u548c\u5bf9ＣＰＵ\u7b49 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n quota <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa|grep quota <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u63d0\u9192\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2 cgroup <\/span>
\n \u52a0\u56fa <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e94\u4ee5\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u6216\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840，\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u79cd\u673a\u5236，\u63a7\u5236\u5176\u5bf9\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u6d88\u8017\u548c\u5bf9 <\/span>
\n CPU <\/span>
\n \u7b49 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86 <\/span>
\n libcgroup <\/span> <\/p>\n

#rpm -qa|grep libcgroup <\/span> <\/p>\n

14.2.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\u5219\u63d0\u9192\u7528\u6237\u5b89\u88c5\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

15 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4 <\/span> <\/p>\n

15.1 grub <\/span>
\n \u7ef4\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e <\/span> <\/p>\n

15.1.1 <\/span>
\n \u8bf4\u660e <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5e94\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ef4\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u80fd\u529b，\u5728\u7ef4\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5404\u79cd\u5b89\u5168\u529f\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u5931\u6548\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8fdb\u5165\u7ef4\u62a4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/span>
\n 48 <\/span> <\/p>\n

15.1.2 <\/span>
\n \u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span> <\/p>\n

1<\/span>
\n \u3001\u82e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a <\/span>
\n uboot <\/span>
\n \u5f15\u5bfc，\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# cat -n \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg|sed -n \u2018\/rescue\/,\/\\\\}\/p\u2019|grep vmlinuz|grep \u201cinit=\u201d <\/span> <\/p>\n

2<\/span>
\n \u3001\u82e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a <\/span>
\n uefi <\/span>
\n \u5f15\u5bfc，\u8fd0\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u5e76\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d： <\/span> <\/p>\n

# cat -n \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/kylin\/grub.cfg|sed -n \u2018\/rescue\/,\/\\\\}\/p\u2019|grep vmlinuz|grep \u201cinit=\u201d <\/span> <\/p>\n

15.1.3 <\/span>
\n \u4fee\u6539\u5efa\u8bae <\/span> <\/p>\n

1) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u52a0\u56fa\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728<\/span>
\n \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg <\/span>
\n \u6216\u8005<\/span>
\n \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/kylin\/grub.cfg <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u91cc，\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u884c\u540e，\u628a <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\u5728\u884c\u9996\u6dfb\u52a0\u201c<\/span>
\n #<\/span>
\n \u201d\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u91ca，\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u884c\u4e4b\u540e\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5982： <\/span> <\/p>\n

linux\/vmlinuz-0-rescue-6538b46541e04ca29dece0eabc82d725 <\/span> <\/p>\n

root=\/dev\/mapper\/klas-root rw resume=\/dev\/mapper\/klas-swap rd.lvm.lv=klas\/root <\/span> <\/p>\n

rd.lvm.lv=klas\/swap rhgb quiet crashkernel=1024M,high init=\/bin\/bash<\/span>
\n \u3002 <\/span> <\/p>\n

2) <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u539f\u65b9\u6cd5： <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u5728<\/span>
\n \/boot\/grub2\/grub.cfg <\/span>
\n \u6216\u8005<\/span>
\n \/boot\/efi\/EFI\/kylin\/grub.cfg <\/span>
\n \u6587\u4ef6\u91cc，\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u884c\u540e，\u53bb <\/span> <\/p>\n

\u6389\u884c\u524d\u7684\u201c<\/span>
\n #<\/span>
\n \u201d，\u518d\u628a\u52a0\u56fa\u65f6\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u884c\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/span> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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