{"id":13391,"date":"2025-04-18T20:23:32","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T12:23:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/13391.html"},"modified":"2025-04-18T20:23:32","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T12:23:32","slug":"linux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%81%a5%e5%ba%b7%e7%9b%91%e6%8e%a7%e8%af%a6%e8%a7%a3%ef%bc%8c%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e7%a1%ae%e4%bf%9d%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e8%bf%90%e8%a1%8c%e4%b8%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/13391.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u8be6\u89e3\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u786e\u4fdd\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0e\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"26027b8fdc1004f0d89985bbdec904e7.png\"<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u7684 IT \u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u590d\u6742，Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u5404\u7c7b\u4f01\u4e1a\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u5173\u952e\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u8fd0\u884c\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027，\u5fc5\u987b\u5b9a\u671f\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u8fd8\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u6df1\u5165\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790，\u4e3a\u51b3\u7b56\u63d0\u4f9b\u652f\u6301\u3002\u672c\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u76d1\u63a7 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5，\u5e0c\u671b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u8f7b\u677e\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\"6477e2ec3dc254241186db7d7c2aa8eb.png\"<\/p>\n

1. \u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u76ee\u6807<\/h3>\n

Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762：<\/p>\n

  • \n

    CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387：\u786e\u4fdd CPU \u4e0d\u8fc7\u8f7d\u6216\u51fa\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5：\u907f\u514d\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u6f0f\u6216\u8d44\u6e90\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c I\/O \u6027\u80fd：\u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u91cf\u53ca\u8bfb\u5199\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u7f51\u7edc\u6027\u80fd：\u76d1\u63a7\u5e26\u5bbd\u3001\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7b49\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u5173\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u72b6\u6001：\u4fdd\u62a4\u5173\u952e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5065\u5eb7\u8fd0\u884c，\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7：\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7，\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8b66\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \u5e38\u7528\u7684 Linux \u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177<\/h3>\n

    2.1\u00a0top\u00a0\u548c\u00a0htop<\/h4>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5360\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，top\u00a0\u662f Linux \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177，\u800c\u00a0htop\u00a0\u662f\u00a0top\u00a0\u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\u672c，\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u53cb\u597d\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u4f7f\u7528 top \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d
    \ntop <\/p>\n

    \u5728\u00a0top\u00a0\u754c\u9762\u4e2d，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u770b CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u67e5\u770b\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u00a0htop：<\/p>\n

    # \u5b89\u88c5 htop（\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5）
    \nsudo apt install htop<\/p>\n

    # \u542f\u52a8 htop
    \nhtop <\/p>\n

    htop\u00a0\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5316\u754c\u9762，\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u4e0b\u7bad\u5934\u9009\u62e9\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u64cd\u4f5c，\u4f8b\u5982\u6740\u6b7b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.2\u00a0vmstat\u00a0\u548c\u00a0free<\/h4>\n

    vmstat\u00a0\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001I\/O\u3001CPU \u7b49\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002free\u00a0\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f
    \nvmstat 1 5<\/p>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nfree -h <\/p>\n

    free -h\u00a0\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u4f60\u8f7b\u677e\u4e86\u89e3\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，\u5305\u62ec\u5df2\u7528\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.3\u00a0iostat<\/h4>\n

    iostat\u00a0\u5de5\u5177\u7528\u4e8e\u76d1\u63a7 CPU \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u548c\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u4e86\u89e3\u78c1\u76d8\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n

    iostat\u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u5b89\u88c5 sysstat（\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5）
    \nsudo apt install sysstat<\/p>\n

    # \u4f7f\u7528 iostat \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u6027\u80fd
    \niostat -xz 1 <\/p>\n

    iostat\u00a0\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u79d2\u949f\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001\u5199\u5165\u901f\u7387\u4ee5\u53ca\u78c1\u76d8\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4，\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bca\u65ad\u78c1\u76d8\u6027\u80fd\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.4\u00a0df\u00a0\u548c\u00a0du<\/h4>\n

    df\u00a0\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，du\u00a0\u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \ndf -h<\/p>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \ndu -sh \/path\/to\/directory <\/p>\n

    df\u00a0\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u603b\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u5df2\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u53ef\u7528\u7a7a\u95f4\u4ee5\u53ca\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.5\u00a0netstat\u00a0\u548c\u00a0ss<\/h4>\n

    netstat\u00a0\u548c\u00a0ss\u00a0\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177，\u5206\u522b\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u76d1\u542c\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u6240\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5
    \nnetstat -tulnp<\/p>\n

    # \u4f7f\u7528 ss \u67e5\u770b\u7f51\u7edc\u72b6\u6001
    \nss -tuln <\/p>\n

    netstat\u00a0\u548c\u00a0ss\u00a0\u90fd\u80fd\u5217\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5，\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f60\u53d1\u73b0\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u6216\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

    2.6\u00a0systemd\u00a0\u65e5\u5fd7\u76d1\u63a7<\/h4>\n

    systemd\u00a0\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7cfb\u7edf，\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0journalctl\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7，\u68c0\u67e5\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7
    \njournalctl -xe<\/p>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7
    \njournalctl -u <service-name> <\/p>\n

    2.7\u00a0sar<\/h4>\n

    sar\u00a0\u662f\u00a0sysstat\u00a0\u5957\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177，\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d3b\u52a8\u4fe1\u606f\u3002sar\u00a0\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f7f\u7528\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b 1 \u5206\u949f\u5185\u7684 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nsar -u 1 3<\/p>\n

    # \u67e5\u770b\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u60c5\u51b5
    \nsar -d 1 3 <\/p>\n

    3. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u62a5\u8b66<\/h3>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5de5\u5177，\u53ef\u4ee5\u624b\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001，\u4f46\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387，\u4e00\u822c\u4f1a\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u62a5\u8b66\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5：<\/p>\n

    3.1 \u4f7f\u7528\u00a0cron\u00a0\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u81ea\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7<\/h4>\n

    \u5229\u7528\u00a0cron\u00a0\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u5b9a\u671f\u6267\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u5c06\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u90ae\u7bb1\u6216\u8005\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u7f16\u8f91 crontab \u914d\u7f6e
    \ncrontab -e<\/p>\n

    # \u6bcf\u9694 5 \u5206\u949f\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u547d\u4ee4，\u5e76\u5c06\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u5199\u5165\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6
    \n*\/5 * * * * top -bn 1 | grep\u00a0"Cpu(s)"\u00a0>> \/var\/log\/cpu_memory.log <\/p>\n

    3.2 \u4f7f\u7528 Prometheus \u548c Grafana \u8fdb\u884c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u76d1\u63a7<\/h4>\n

    Prometheus \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf，\u7528\u4e8e\u6536\u96c6\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u3002Grafana \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5de5\u5177，\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5c55\u793a Prometheus \u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e Prometheus\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u4f7f\u7528 Prometheus Exporter（\u4f8b\u5982 Node Exporter）\u6536\u96c6 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5404\u9879\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u914d\u7f6e Grafana \u9762\u677f\u5c55\u793a Prometheus \u4e2d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3.3 \u4f7f\u7528\u00a0monit\u00a0\u76d1\u63a7\u5173\u952e\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h4>\n

    monit\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177，\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u52a8\u91cd\u542f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u548c\u53d1\u9001\u8b66\u62a5\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u00a0monit\u00a0\u76d1\u63a7\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001，\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u91cd\u542f\u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

    monit\u793a\u4f8b：<\/h5>\n

    # \u5b89\u88c5 monit
    \nsudo apt install monit<\/p>\n

    # \u914d\u7f6e monit \u76d1\u63a7\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b
    \nsudo vi \/etc\/monit\/monitrc <\/p>\n

    \u5728\u00a0monitrc\u00a0\u4e2d，\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u76d1\u63a7\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1，\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a：<\/p>\n

    check process nginx with pidfile \/var\/run\/nginx.pid
    \n\u00a0 start program =\u00a0"\/etc\/init.d\/nginx start"
    \n\u00a0 stop program =\u00a0"\/etc\/init.d\/nginx stop"
    \n\u00a0\u00a0if\u00a0failed port 80\u00a0then\u00a0restart <\/p>\n

    4. \u793a\u4f8b：CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u76d1\u63a7\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n

    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684 bash \u811a\u672c，\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，\u5e76\u5728\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u8b66\u62a5：<\/p>\n

    #!\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n

    # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c
    \nCPU_THRESHOLD=80
    \nMEM_THRESHOLD=80<\/p>\n

    # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nCPU_USAGE=$(top -bn1 | grep\u00a0"Cpu(s)"\u00a0| sed\u00a0"s\/.*, *\\\\([0-9.]*\\\\)%* id.*\/\\\\1\/"\u00a0| awk\u00a0'{print 100 – $1}')
    \nMEM_USAGE=$(free | grep Mem | awk\u00a0'{print $3\/$2 * 100.0}')<\/p>\n

    # \u68c0\u67e5 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c
    \nif\u00a0(( $(echo"$CPU_USAGE\u00a0>\u00a0$CPU_THRESHOLD"\u00a0| bc -l) ));\u00a0then
    \necho"Warning: CPU usage is high at\u00a0$CPU_USAGE%"\u00a0| mail -s\u00a0"CPU Usage Warning"\u00a0admin@example.com
    \nfi<\/p>\n

    if\u00a0(( $(echo"$MEM_USAGE\u00a0>\u00a0$MEM_THRESHOLD"\u00a0| bc -l) ));\u00a0then
    \necho"Warning: Memory usage is high at\u00a0$MEM_USAGE%"\u00a0| mail -s\u00a0"Memory Usage Warning"\u00a0admin@example.com
    \nfi <\/p>\n

    5. \u5728\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\u96c6\u6210\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u529f\u80fd<\/h3>\n

    \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u811a\u672c\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u53ca\u65f6\u6536\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u7684\u901a\u77e5\u3002\u5f53\u76d1\u63a7\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u8b66\u62a5\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u5c55\u793a\u4e0b\u5982\u4f55\u5728 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0mail\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u8b66\u544a，\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u00a0sendmail\u00a0\u548c\u00a0msmtp\u00a0\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

    5.1 \u914d\u7f6e\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u529f\u80fd<\/h4>\n

    \u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u529f\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0mail\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4，\u4f46\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u5e76\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u4ee3\u7406\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e09\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u5de5\u5177：<\/p>\n

  • \n

    mail \u547d\u4ee4mail\u00a0\u662f\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u5de5\u5177，\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u6b63\u5e38，\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5916\u90e8 SMTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668（\u5982 Gmail \u6216 SMTP \u63d0\u4f9b\u5546）\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    sendmail \u547d\u4ee4sendmail\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u4f20\u8f93\u4ee3\u7406，\u652f\u6301\u53d1\u9001\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6，\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u901a\u8fc7\u66f4\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u914d\u7f6e\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    msmtpmsmtp\u00a0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684 SMTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u914d\u7f6e\u7b80\u5355，\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u6765\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u8b66\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5.2 \u5b89\u88c5\u00a0mail\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4（\u4ee5\u00a0mailx\u00a0\u4e3a\u4f8b）<\/h4>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6ca1\u6709\u5b89\u88c5\u00a0mail\u00a0\u6216\u00a0mailx，\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5：<\/p>\n

    # \u5bf9\u4e8e Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf
    \nsudo apt-get install mailutils<\/p>\n

    # \u5bf9\u4e8e CentOS\/RHEL \u7cfb\u7edf
    \nsudo yum install mailx <\/p>\n

    5.3 \u914d\u7f6e\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001（\u4ee5 Gmail \u4e3a\u4f8b）<\/h4>\n

    \u5047\u8bbe\u60a8\u4f7f\u7528 Gmail \u4f5c\u4e3a SMTP \u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546，\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e：<\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u7f16\u8f91\u90ae\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6，\u5982\u00a0\/etc\/msmtprc：<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    # \u5b89\u88c5 msmtp
    \nsudo apt install msmtp msmtp-mta<\/p>\n

    # \u7f16\u8f91\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6
    \nsudo vi \/etc\/msmtprc <\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u793a\u4f8b（\u4ee5 Gmail \u4e3a\u4f8b）：<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    # Gmail SMTP \u914d\u7f6e
    \ndefaults
    \nauth on
    \ntls on
    \ntls_certcheck off
    \naccount gmail
    \nhost smtp.gmail.com
    \nport 587
    \nfrom your_email@gmail.com
    \nuser your_email@gmail.com
    \npassword your_password
    \nlogfile ~\/.msmtp.log<\/p>\n

    # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8d26\u53f7
    \naccount default : gmail <\/p>\n

    \u6ce8\u610f：\u4f7f\u7528 Gmail \u65f6，\u60a8\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u542f\u7528\u00a0"\u5141\u8bb8\u4f4e\u5b89\u5168\u5e94\u7528\u8bbf\u95ee"\u00a0\u6216\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0\u5e94\u7528\u4e13\u7528\u5bc6\u7801，\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60a8\u7684 Gmail \u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n

    5.4 \u7f16\u5199\u5e26\u6709\u90ae\u4ef6\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u811a\u672c<\/h4>\n

    \u5728\u6b64\u811a\u672c\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u76d1\u63a7 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5，\u5e76\u5728\u8d85\u8fc7\u8bbe\u5b9a\u9608\u503c\u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u8b66\u62a5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u76d1\u63a7\u811a\u672c（\u5e26\u90ae\u4ef6\u62a5\u8b66\u529f\u80fd）<\/h5>\n

    #!\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n

    # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c
    \nCPU_THRESHOLD=80
    \nMEM_THRESHOLD=80<\/p>\n

    # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nCPU_USAGE=$(top -bn1 | grep\u00a0"Cpu(s)"\u00a0| sed\u00a0"s\/.*, *\\\\([0-9.]*\\\\)%* id.*\/\\\\1\/"\u00a0| awk\u00a0'{print 100 – $1}')
    \nMEM_USAGE=$(free | grep Mem | awk\u00a0'{print $3\/$2 * 100.0}')<\/p>\n

    # \u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u51fd\u6570
    \nsend_email() {
    \nlocal\u00a0subject=$1
    \nlocal\u00a0message=$2
    \necho"$message"\u00a0| mail -s\u00a0"$subject"\u00a0your_email@example.com
    \n}<\/p>\n

    # \u68c0\u67e5 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u662f\u5426\u8d85\u8fc7\u9608\u503c
    \nif\u00a0(( $(echo"$CPU_USAGE\u00a0>\u00a0$CPU_THRESHOLD"\u00a0| bc -l) ));\u00a0then
    \n\u00a0 CPU_WARNING="Warning: CPU usage is high at\u00a0$CPU_USAGE%"
    \n\u00a0 send_email\u00a0"CPU Usage Warning""$CPU_WARNING"
    \nfi<\/p>\n

    if\u00a0(( $(echo"$MEM_USAGE\u00a0>\u00a0$MEM_THRESHOLD"\u00a0| bc -l) ));\u00a0then
    \n\u00a0 MEM_WARNING="Warning: Memory usage is high at\u00a0$MEM_USAGE%"
    \n\u00a0 send_email\u00a0"Memory Usage Warning""$MEM_WARNING"
    \nfi <\/p>\n

    5.5 \u4f7f\u7528\u811a\u672c\u76d1\u63a7\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u8b66\u62a5<\/h4>\n
  • \n

    \u4fdd\u5b58\u811a\u672c：\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u811a\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a\u00a0health_monitor.sh\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u8d4b\u4e88\u6267\u884c\u6743\u9650：<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    chmod +x health_monitor.sh <\/p>\n

  • \n

    \u8bbe\u7f6e\u00a0cron\u00a0\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1：\u5b9a\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u811a\u672c，\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    crontab -e<\/p>\n

    # \u6bcf 5 \u5206\u949f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u811a\u672c
    \n*\/5 * * * * \/path\/to\/health_monitor.sh <\/p>\n

    5.6 \u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u5185\u5bb9\u5b9a\u5236<\/h4>\n

    \u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u5236\u3002\u6bd4\u5982，\u9664\u4e86 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4fe1\u606f\u5916，\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u5165\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7b49\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u811a\u672c\u793a\u4f8b，\u76d1\u63a7\u66f4\u591a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6307\u6807：<\/p>\n

    \u6269\u5c55\u811a\u672c：\u76d1\u63a7 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf<\/h5>\n

    #!\/bin\/bash<\/p>\n

    # \u8bbe\u7f6e\u9608\u503c
    \nCPU_THRESHOLD=80
    \nMEM_THRESHOLD=80
    \nDISK_THRESHOLD=90
    \nNET_THRESHOLD=50000 \u00a0# \u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u9608\u503c（\u5355\u4f4d：\u5b57\u8282）<\/p>\n

    # \u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nCPU_USAGE=$(top -bn1 | grep\u00a0"Cpu(s)"\u00a0| sed\u00a0"s\/.*, *\\\\([0-9.]*\\\\)%* id.*\/\\\\1\/"\u00a0| awk\u00a0'{print 100 – $1}')
    \nMEM_USAGE=$(free | grep Mem | awk\u00a0'{print $3\/$2 * 100.0}')
    \nDISK_USAGE=$(df \/ | grep \/ | awk\u00a0'{ print $5 }'\u00a0| sed\u00a0's\/%\/\/g')
    \nNET_USAGE=$(ifstat -i eth0 1 1 | tail -n 1 | awk\u00a0'{print $1 * 1024 + $2 * 1024}')<\/p>\n

    # \u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u51fd\u6570
    \nsend_email() {
    \nlocal\u00a0subject=$1
    \nlocal\u00a0message=$2
    \necho"$message"\u00a0| mail -s\u00a0"$subject"\u00a0your_email@example.com
    \n}<\/p>\n

    # \u68c0\u67e5 CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nif\u00a0(( $(echo"$CPU_USAGE\u00a0>\u00a0$CPU_THRESHOLD"\u00a0| bc -l) ));\u00a0then
    \n\u00a0 CPU_WARNING="Warning: CPU usage is high at\u00a0$CPU_USAGE%"
    \n\u00a0 send_email\u00a0"CPU Usage Warning""$CPU_WARNING"
    \nfi<\/p>\n

    # \u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nif\u00a0(( $(echo"$MEM_USAGE\u00a0>\u00a0$MEM_THRESHOLD"\u00a0| bc -l) ));\u00a0then
    \n\u00a0 MEM_WARNING="Warning: Memory usage is high at\u00a0$MEM_USAGE%"
    \n\u00a0 send_email\u00a0"Memory Usage Warning""$MEM_WARNING"
    \nfi<\/p>\n

    # \u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5
    \nif\u00a0(( DISK_USAGE > DISK_THRESHOLD ));\u00a0then
    \n\u00a0 DISK_WARNING="Warning: Disk usage is high at\u00a0$DISK_USAGE%"
    \n\u00a0 send_email\u00a0"Disk Usage Warning""$DISK_WARNING"
    \nfi<\/p>\n

    # \u68c0\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf
    \nif\u00a0(( NET_USAGE > NET_THRESHOLD ));\u00a0then
    \n\u00a0 NET_WARNING="Warning: Network usage is high at\u00a0$NET_USAGE\u00a0bytes"
    \n\u00a0 send_email\u00a0"Network Usage Warning""$NET_WARNING"
    \nfi <\/p>\n

    6 \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

    \u901a\u8fc7\u96c6\u6210\u90ae\u4ef6\u53d1\u9001\u529f\u80fd，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u4e2d\u5373\u65f6\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8b66\u62a5，\u53ca\u65f6\u91c7\u53d6\u63aa\u65bd\u5e94\u5bf9\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0mail\u3001msmtp\u00a0\u6216\u00a0sendmail\u00a0\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7ed3\u5408\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u811a\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u76d1\u63a7\u6d41\u7a0b\u5b8c\u5168\u81ea\u52a8\u5316，\u5927\u5927\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6548\u7387\u3002 \u8fd9\u6837\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5，\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u90ae\u4ef6\u62a5\u8b66\u529f\u80fd\u5728\u51fa\u73b0\u5f02\u5e38\u65f6\u53ca\u65f6\u6536\u5230\u901a\u77e5，\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

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