{"id":12980,"date":"2025-04-18T20:07:15","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T12:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/12980.html"},"modified":"2025-04-18T20:07:15","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T12:07:15","slug":"x-shell%e8%bf%9e%e6%8e%a5%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e5%92%8clinux%e5%9f%ba%e6%9c%ac%e6%8c%87%e4%bb%a4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/12980.html","title":{"rendered":"x-shell\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548clinux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n<h4>\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u3001 x-shell\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u3001linux\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>2.1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n<li>2.2. ls<\/li>\n<li>2.3\u3001pwd<\/li>\n<li>2.4\u3001cd<\/li>\n<li>2.5\u3001touch<\/li>\n<li>2.6\u3001mkdir\u6307\u4ee4&#xff08;\u91cd\u8981&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>2.7\u3001man<\/li>\n<li>2.8\u3001cp<\/li>\n<li>2.9\u3001scp<\/li>\n<li>2.10\u3001move<\/li>\n<li>2.11\u3001cat<\/li>\n<li>2.12\u3001more\u548cless<\/li>\n<li>2.13\u3001head<\/li>\n<li>2.14\u3001tail<\/li>\n<li>2.15\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<\/li>\n<li>2.16\u3001cal<\/li>\n<li>2.17\u3001find<\/li>\n<li>2.18\u3001grep<\/li>\n<li>2.19\u3001zip\/unzip<\/li>\n<li>2.20\u3001tar<\/li>\n<li>2.21\u3001bc<\/li>\n<li>2.22\u3001uname<\/li>\n<li>2.23\u3001Tab \u3001ctrl&#043;c \u3001ctrl&#043;d<\/li>\n<li>2.24\u3001\u5173\u673a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e00\u3001 x-shell\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>1.1.\u9996\u5148\u600e\u4e48\u62e5\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5462&#xff01; \u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5 \u7b2c\u4e00\u79cd\u662f\u7ee7\u627f&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u7236\u6bcd&#xff0c;\u5144\u5f1f\u6216\u8005\u516c\u53f8\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8d2d\u4e70&#xff0c;\u53ea\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u673a\u8d26\u6237\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u3002 \u6b64\u65f6\u867d\u8bf4\u6709\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d26\u6237&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5x-shell\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u4e0b\u8f7dssh\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u6765\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8fde\u63a5&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e0b\u8f7dssh\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b \u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4e0b\u8f7dssh<\/p>\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5&#xff1a;sudo apt-get install openssh-server<\/li>\n<li>\u542f\u52a8&#xff1a;sudo service ssh start<\/li>\n<li>\u542f\u52a8\u540e\u8fd8\u8981\u5728\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539 \u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff1a;\u628asshd_config\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684&#034;PermitRootLogin without-password&#034;\u524d\u9762\u7684#\u201c\u53f7\u53bb\u6389\u5e76\u4fee\u6539\u6210&#034;PermitRootLogin yes\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u91cd\u542fSSH&#xff1a;\/etc\/init.d\/ssh restart \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u6211\u7684\u4e3b\u9875\u53bb\u627e\u4e0b\u8f7dssh\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/li>\n<p>https:\/\/blog.csdn.net\/qq_50604285\/article\/details\/133323040?spm&#061;1001.2014.3001.5502<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u79cd\u529e\u6cd5 \u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u3001\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u8d2d\u4e70\u5373\u53ef&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79cd\u552e\u5356\u7684\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5ssh&#xff0c;\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>1.2 \u6253\u5f00x-shell \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u7528X-shell&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7528\u539f\u6765\u7684linux\u670d\u52a1\u9875\u9762\u5462&#xff1f; \u7b54&#xff1a;Linux\u9875\u9762\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e9b\u5feb\u6377\u5efa&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5927\u5bb6\u719f\u6089\u7684ctrl&#043;c\/v&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4fe9\u5feb\u6377\u5efa\u80fd\u8282\u7701\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u559c\u6b22\u5728x-shell\u91cc\u9762\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u8f91\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf&#xff0c;\u9875\u9762\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u6d01&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u5f20\u56fe&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662fx-shell\u91cc\u9762\u9f20\u6807\u53f3\u952e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u56fe\u3002 <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250418120713-68024071ee430.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> \u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cx-shell\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250418120714-68024072102d7.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> \u6700\u540e\u70b9\u51fb\u786e\u5b9a\u5c31\u884c <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250418120714-680240724d5a2.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> \u5f53\u8fde\u63a5\u6210\u529f\u540e\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0[\u7528\u6237\u540d]&#064;[\u4e3b\u673a\u540d] \u6b64\u65f6\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86x-shell\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u4e8c\u3001linux\u57fa\u7840\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237<\/h3>\n<p>\u5fc5\u987b\u5728root\u7528\u6237\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u64cd\u4f5c:<\/p>\n<p>adduser test<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237&#xff0c;\u540d\u4e3atest<\/span><br \/>\npasswd test<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u4e3a\u7528\u6237test\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801  123456<\/span><br \/>\nexit<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ exit \u548c logout \u5747\u4e3a\u9000\u51fa\u6216\u9000\u51fa\u7528\u6237,\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0 [C:\\\\~]$ \u65f6,\u8bf4\u660e\u672a\u94fe\u63a5\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/span><br \/>\nwhoami<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7528\u6237<\/span><br \/>\nls <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>home<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u67e5\u770b\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8d26\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\nuserdel <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>r test<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5220\u9664\u8be5\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5177\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d26\u53f7\u5171\u4eab&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u4e4b\u95f4\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u51b2\u7a81, \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u54ea\u67e5\u770b&#xff1f; \u67e5\u770btest\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/p>\n<p>cat <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>etc<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>passwd<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250418120714-680240725abe8.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250418120714-680240726646e.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> \u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6bcf\u884c\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u75286\u4e2a\u5206\u9694\u53f7\u201c&#xff1a;\u201d\u9694\u5f00\u76847\u5217\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u793a\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5206\u522b\u662f\u7528\u6237\u540d\u3001\u5bc6\u7801\u3001UID&#xff08;\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6574\u6570&#xff09;\u3001GID&#xff08;\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u7684\u6574\u6570&#xff09;\u3001\u8bf4\u660e\u680f\u3001home\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u767b\u5f55shell\u3002 \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u591f <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250418120714-6802407272178.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/> \u53ea\u80fd\u5728\/home\/test\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6 \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650(\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae)<\/p>\n<p>chown <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>R test <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>home<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>cyq<\/p>\n<h3>2.2. ls<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5: ls [\u9009\u9879][\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6] \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u5bf9\u4e8e\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -a \u5217\u51fa\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5 . \u5f00\u5934\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u6587\u4ef6 -d \u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u50cf\u6587\u4ef6\u4e00\u6837\u663e\u793a&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u663e\u793a\u5176\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5982&#xff1a;ld -d\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55 -i \u8f93\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 i \u8282\u70b9\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u4fe1 \u606f\u3002\u5982 Is -ai \u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6 -k \u4ee5 k \u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002ls -alk\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6 -l\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f -n \u7528\u6570\u5b57\u7684 UID \u3001GID \u4ee3\u66ff\u540d\u79f0 -F \u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u540e\u9644\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660e\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u578b,&#034;*\u201c\u8868\u793a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1b;\u201d\/\u201c\u8868\u793a\u76ee\u5f55&#xff1b;\u201d&#064;\u201c\u8868\u793a\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5&#xff1b;\u201d|\u201c\u8868\u793a FIFOs&#xff1b;\u201d&#061;&#034;\u8868\u793a\u5957\u63a5\u5b57&#xff08; sockets )\u3002&#xff08;\u76ee\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\u8bc6\u522b&#xff09; -r \u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u53cd\u5411\u6392\u5e8f -t \u4ee5\u65f6\u95f4\u6392\u5e8f -s \u5728|\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u540e\u8f93\u51fa\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002&#xff08;\u5927\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u5982\u4f55\u627e\u5230\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09; -R \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002&#xff08;\u9012\u5f52&#xff09; -1 \u4e00\u884c\u53ea\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<h3>2.3\u3001pwd<\/h3>\n<p>pwd \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u54ea\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8ewindows\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8def\u5f84<\/p>\n<h3>2.4\u3001cd<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5: cd [\u9009\u9879][\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6] \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u5bf9\u4e8e\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u5217\u51fa\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0e\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5c06\u5217\u51fa\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>cd <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u6b21\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\ncd <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>usr<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>bin<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5207\u6362\u5230 \/usr\/bin\/ \u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\ncd <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/.. \u8868\u793a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fde\u7eed\u591a\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528 .. \u6765\u5207\u6362\u5230\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\ncd <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><br \/>\n <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\ncd <span class=\"token operator\">~<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5207\u6362\u5230\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;home&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\ncd <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>l1<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684l1\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b<\/span><br \/>\ncd <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>l1<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5207\u6362\u5230\u4e0a\u5c42\u76ee\u5f55\u7684l1\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/20250418120714-680240727e33a.png\" alt=\"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\" \/><\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u4e00\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\/bin\/<\/td>\n<td>\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c root \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u3002\u653e\u5728 \/bin \u4e0b\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u5355\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/boot\/<\/td>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5982\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u542f\u52a8\u5f15\u5bfc\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff08;grub&#xff09;\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/dev\/<\/td>\n<td>\u8bbe\u5907\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/etc\/<\/td>\n<td>\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6240\u6709\u91c7\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5b89\u88c5\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff08;rpm \u5b89\u88c5&#xff09;\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5168\u90e8\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5982\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u542f\u52a8\u811a\u672c\u3001\u5e38\u7528\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/home\/<\/td>\n<td>\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55&#xff08;\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;\u3002\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u767b\u5f55\u548c\u4fdd\u5b58\u81ea\u5df1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u5728 \/home\/ \u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u7528\u6237\u540d\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/lib\/<\/td>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/lost&#043;found<\/td>\n<td>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u7a7a\u7684&#xff0c;\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u975e\u6cd5\u5173\u673a\u540e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u5b58\u653e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/media<\/td>\n<td>linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bbe\u5907&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982U\u76d8\u3001\u5149\u9a71\u7b49\u7b49&#xff0c;\u5f53\u8bc6\u522b\u540e&#xff0c;Linux \u4f1a\u628a\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6302\u8f7d\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/media\/<\/td>\n<td>\u6302\u8f7d\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u6765\u6302\u8f7d\u5a92\u4f53\u8bbe\u5907&#xff0c;\u5982\u8f6f\u76d8\u548c\u5149\u76d8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/opt\/<\/td>\n<td>\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f\u653e\u7f6e\u548c\u5b89\u88c5\u5176\u4ed6\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u624b\u5de5\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u8f6f\u4ef6\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/root\/<\/td>\n<td>root \u7684\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u5728 \/home\/ \u4e0b&#xff0c;root \u4e3b\u76ee\u5f55\u76f4\u63a5\u5728\u201c\/\u201d\u4e0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/sbin\/<\/td>\n<td>\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709 root \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u73af\u5883\u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e5f\u6709\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u5141\u8bb8\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u67e5\u770b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/selinux<\/td>\n<td>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u662f Redhat\/CentOS \u6240\u7279\u6709\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;Selinux \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e windows \u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u5957\u673a\u5236\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u5c31\u662f\u5b58\u653eselinux\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/srv\/<\/td>\n<td>\u670d\u52a1\u6570\u636e\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u542f\u52a8\u4e4b\u540e&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/tmp\/<\/td>\n<td>\u4e34\u65f6\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u653e\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5728\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u5199\u5165\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fdd\u5b58\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u6700\u597d\u6bcf\u6b21\u5f00\u673a\u90fd\u628a\u8be5\u76ee\u5f55\u6e05\u7a7a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr<\/td>\n<td>usr \u662f unix shared resources(\u5171\u4eab\u8d44\u6e90) \u7684\u7f29\u5199&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e windows \u4e0b\u7684 program files \u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/var<\/td>\n<td>var \u662f variable(\u53d8\u91cf) \u7684\u7f29\u5199&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u5b58\u653e\u7740\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u6269\u5145\u7740\u7684\u4e1c\u897f&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e60\u60ef\u5c06\u90a3\u4e9b\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u653e\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u79cd\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/run<\/td>\n<td>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cd\u542f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5220\u6389\u6216\u6e05\u9664\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6709 \/var\/run \u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5e94\u8be5\u8ba9\u5b83\u6307\u5411 run\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Linux \/usr\u76ee\u5f55 usr&#xff08;\u6ce8\u610f\u4e0d\u662f user&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a Unix Software Resource&#xff0c;\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f6f\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<table>\n<tr>\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u529f\u80fd<\/tr>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/bin\/<\/td>\n<td>\u5b58\u653e\u7cfb\u7edf\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u548c\u8d85\u7ea7\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u542f\u52a8\u65e0\u5173&#xff0c;\u5728\u5355\u7528\u6237\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u6267\u884c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/sbin\/<\/td>\n<td>\u5b58\u653e\u6839\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5982\u591a\u6570\u670d\u52a1\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709 root \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/lib\/<\/td>\n<td>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5e93\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/XllR6\/<\/td>\n<td>\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/local\/<\/td>\n<td>\u624b\u5de5\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8bae\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/share\/<\/td>\n<td>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5982\u5e2e\u52a9\u6587\u6863\u3001\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u6863\u548c\u5b57\u4f53\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/src\/<\/td>\n<td>\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u4fdd\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u624b\u5de5\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u548c\u5185\u6838\u6e90\u7801\u5305\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u3002<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\/usr\/include<\/td>\n<td>C\/C&#043;&#043; \u7b49\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u653e\u7f6e\u76ee\u5f55<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2.5\u3001touch<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; touch &#xff3b;\u9009\u9879]\u2026 \u6587\u4ef6 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; touch \u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u66f4\u6539\u6587\u6863\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u5305\u62ec\u5b58\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u66f4\u6539\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -a \u6216 &#8211;time &#061; atime \u6216 &#8211;time &#061; access \u6216 &#8211;time &#061; use \u53ea\u66f4\u6539\u5b58\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4 -c \u6216 &#8211;no-create \u4e0d\u5efa\u7acb\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u6863\u3002 -d \u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u95f4 -f \u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u5c06\u5ffd\u7565\u4e0d\u4e88\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u4ec5\u8d1f\u8d23\u89e3\u51b3 BSD \u7248\u672c touch \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u95ee -m \u6216 -time &#061; mtime \u6216 &#8211;time &#061; modify \u53ea\u66f4\u6539\u53d8\u52a8\u65f6\u95f4\u3002 -r \u628a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u6863\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u7edf\u7edf\u8bbe\u6210\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u6863\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u540c. -t \u4f7f\u7528\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u800c\u975e\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>touch l1<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u521b\u5efal1\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.6\u3001mkdir\u6307\u4ee4&#xff08;\u91cd\u8981&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; mkdir [\u9009\u9879] dirname \u2026 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a&#034; dirname &#034;\u7684\u76ee\u5f55 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -p, &#8211;parents \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u82e5\u8def\u5f84\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728&#xff0e;\u52a0\u4e0a\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u540e&#xff0c;\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u81ea\u52a8\u5efa\u7acb\u90a3\u4e9b\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5373\u4e00\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u591a\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>touch test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>c<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\nmkdir z1<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3az1\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\nmkdir <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>p z1<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>z2<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>z3<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>z4  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e32\u8def\u5f84<\/span><br \/>\nrm test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>c <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\nrm <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>r z1<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\nrm \u5220\u9664\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\nrm <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>r\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664<br \/>\nrm <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>rf test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>c  \u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664<\/p>\n<h3>2.7\u3001man<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5: man [\u9009\u9879] \u547d\u4ee4 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a;\u83b7\u53d6\u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u624b\u518c&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528man\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; 1\u3001-k \u6839\u636e\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u641c\u7d22\u8054\u673a\u5e2e\u52a9 2\u3001num \u53ea\u5728\u7b2cnum\u7ae0\u8282\u627e 3\u3001 -a \u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u8282\u7684\u90fd\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982 man printf \u5b83\u7f3a\u7701\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ae0\u5f00\u59cb\u641c\u7d22&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u627e\u5230\u5c31\u505c\u6b62&#xff0c;\u7528a\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u5f53\u6309\u4e0bq\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u5f80\u540e\u9762\u641c\u7d22&#xff0c;\u76f4\u5230\u6240\u6709\u7ae0\u8282\u90fd\u641c\u7d22\u5b8c\u6bd5\u3002 \u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88c5man\u624b\u518c&#xff0c;\u9996\u5148\u5207\u6362\u5230root\u7528\u6237&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6743\u9650\u6700\u5927<\/p>\n<p>yum install <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>y man<span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>pages<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5b89\u88c5man\u5305&#xff0c;-y\u8868\u793a\u7684\u662fyes\u7684\u610f\u601d&#xff0c;\u5373\u540c\u610f\u5b89\u88c5<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.8\u3001cp<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;cp [\u9009\u9879] \u8981\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0 \u76ee\u6807\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f cp [\u9009\u9879] \u4ece\u54ea\u6765 \u5230\u54ea\u53bb \u529f\u80fd: \u590d\u5236\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u590d\u5236\u7c98\u8d34\u529f\u80fd \u8bf4\u660e: cp\u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u5236\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5982\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u4e14\u6700\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5219\u5b83\u4f1a\u628a\u524d\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u590d\u5236\u5230\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u82e5\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u800c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -f \u6216 &#8211;force \u5f3a\u884c\u590d\u5236\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8bba\u76ee\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728 -i \u6216 &#8211;interactive \u8986\u76d6\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u8be2\u95ee\u7528\u6237 -r \u9012\u5f52\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u5e76\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u82e5\u6e90\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5f62\u6001&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5&#xff0c;\u5219\u4e00\u5f8b\u89c6\u4e3a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u5904\u7406 -R \u6216 &#8211;recursive\u9012\u5f52\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ca\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u5e76\u5904\u7406<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u5728cp\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u8981\u62f7\u8d1d\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u7684\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u5219\u4e24\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u540d&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/p>\n<p>cp l1 l2<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u5c31\u662f\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u590d\u5236l1&#xff0c;\u7c98\u8d34\u547d\u540d\u4e3al2<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6307\u4ee4cp\u53ea\u80fd\u62f7\u8d1d\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u62f7\u8d1d\u76ee\u5f55&#xff0c;\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981&#xff0c;\u5219\u5e94\u8be5\u643a\u5e26\u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u5373&#xff1a;-r \u5373&#xff0c;\u9012\u5f52\u7684\u610f\u601d<\/p>\n<h3>2.9\u3001scp<\/h3>\n<p>\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u590d\u5236\u6307\u4ee4<\/p>\n<p>scp <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>r D<span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span>\\\\gitdaima\\\\LDPC_C_code root&#064;<span class=\"token number\">172.31<\/span><span class=\"token number\">.164<\/span><span class=\"token number\">.212<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>root<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/cmd\u4e0b\u4e0a\u4f20\u865a\u62df\u673a\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\nscp root&#064;<span class=\"token number\">172.31<\/span><span class=\"token number\">.164<\/span><span class=\"token number\">.212<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>root<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>login_web<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>py <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u8de8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdc\u7a0b\u62c9\u53d6login_web.py\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.10\u3001move<\/h3>\n<p>mv\u547d\u4ee4\u662fmove\u7684\u7f29\u5199&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u526a\u5207\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u526a\u5207\u76ee\u5f55(\u5305\u62ec\u4f4e\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u4ef6)&#xff0c;\u6216\u8005\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u76ee\u5f55\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u5907\u4efd\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\u3001 \u8bed\u6cd5: mv [\u9009\u9879] \u6e90\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6e90\u76ee\u5f55 \u76ee\u6807\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55 \u529f\u80fd: 1\u3001\u89c6mv\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c&#xff08;\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55&#xff09;&#xff0c;mv\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u547d\u540d\u6216\u5c06\u5176\u79fb\u81f3\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d 2\u3001\u5f53\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u540d\u79f0\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6e90\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u6e90\u76ee\u5f55\u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a&#xff0c;mv\u547d\u4ee4\u5c06\u5404\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6e90\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u6e90\u76ee\u5f55\u5747\u526a\u5207\u81f3\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d<\/p>\n<p>move l1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u628al1\u6587\u4ef6\u526a\u5207\u5230\u4e0a\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><br \/>\nmove l1 l2<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u91cd\u547d\u540d&#xff0c;\u628al1\u6587\u4ef6\u91cd\u540d\u540d\u4e3al2<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.11\u3001cat<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; cat [\u9009\u9879] [\u6587\u4ef6] \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u67e5\u770b\u77ed\u6587\u672c\u6216\u8005\u77ed\u4ee3\u7801 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -b \u5bf9\u975e\u7a7a\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u7f16\u53f7 -n \u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u7f16\u53f7 -s \u4e0d\u8f93\u51fa\u591a\u884c\u7a7a\u884c<\/p>\n<p>cat <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>n text<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/-n\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u7ed9\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6bcf\u884c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5e8f\u53f7<\/span><br \/>\ntac <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>n text<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u6b64\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0&#xff0c;tac\u662f\u4ece\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c\u5012\u7740\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u6709\u4e86-n\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765\u4e86<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.12\u3001more\u548cless<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; more [\u9009\u9879][\u6587\u4ef6] \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; more\u547d\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c cat \u3001 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -n&#xff1a; \u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u884c\u7f16\u53f7\u3001 q &#xff1a; \u9000\u51famore\u6307\u4ee4 \/[\u884c\u6570] \u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u884c\u6570 \u6700\u540e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309 [ctrl&#043;c] \u505c\u6b62\u8fd0\u884c\u5e76\u9000\u51fa<\/p>\n<p>cat\u53ea\u80fd\u67e5\u770b\u77ed\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;move\u548cless\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5927\u6587\u672c&#xff0c;\u4e14move\u652f\u6301\u5411\u4e0b\u7ffb\u9605&#xff0c;\u800cless\u652f\u6301\u524d\u540e\u7ffb<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; less [\u53c2\u6570] \u6587\u4ef6 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; less\u4e0emore\u7c7b\u4f3c&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528less\u53ef\u4ee5\u968f\u610f\u6d4f\u89c8\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u800cmore\u4ec5\u80fd\u5411\u524d\u79fb\u52a8&#xff0c;\u5374\u4e0d\u80fd\u5411\u540e\u79fb\u52a8\u3001 \u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -i &#xff1a;\u5ffd\u7565\u641c\u7d22\u65f6\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u5199 -N &#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u6bcf\u884c\u7684\u884c\u53f7 \/ &#xff1a; \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff1a;\u5411\u4e0b\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd ? &#xff1a; \u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff1a;\u5411\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22\u201c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201d\u7684\u529f\u80fd n &#xff1a; \u91cd\u590d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22&#xff08;\u4e0e \/ \u6216 ? \u6709\u5173&#xff09; N &#xff1a; \u53cd\u5411\u91cd\u590d\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u641c\u7d22&#xff08;\u4e0e \/ \u6216 ? \u6709\u5173&#xff09; q : quit<\/p>\n<p>echo <span class=\"token string\">&#034;hello word&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> z1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u628a\u672c\u8be5\u5199\u5165\u5230\u663e\u793a\u5668\u7684\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u628a\u4ed6\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8f93\u5165\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411,\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><br \/>\necho <span class=\"token string\">&#034;hello word&#034;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&gt;<\/span> z1<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u8ffd\u52a0\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6e05\u7a7a\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u5728\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\u9762\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.13\u3001head<\/h3>\n<p>head \u4e0e tail \u5c31\u50cf\u5b83\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u6d45\u663e\u6613\u61c2&#xff0c;\u5b83\u662f\u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u5f00\u5934\u6216\u7ed3\u5c3e\u67d0\u4e2a\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u533a\u5757&#xff0c;head \u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u81f3\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u800c tail \u5c31\u662f\u770b\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; head [\u53c2\u6570]\u2026 [\u6587\u4ef6]\u2026 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; head \u7528\u6765\u663e\u793a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u5934\u81f3\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4head\u547d\u4ee4\u6253\u5370\u5176\u76f8\u5e94\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5f00\u593410\u884c \u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -n&lt;\u884c\u6570&gt;&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u7684\u884c\u6570<\/p>\n<p>head text<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u67e5\u770b\u524d10\u884c<\/span><br \/>\nhead <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span> text<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u524d20\u884c<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.14\u3001tail<\/h3>\n<p>tail \u547d\u4ee4\u4ece\u6307\u5b9a\u70b9\u5f00\u59cb\u5c06\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528tail\u547d\u4ee4\u7684 -f \u9009\u9879\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u67e5\u9605\u6b63\u5728\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;tail &#8211; f fifilename\u4f1a\u628afifilename\u91cc\u6700\u5c3e\u90e8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u663e\u793a\u5728\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u65ad\u5237\u65b0&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; tail[\u5fc5\u8981\u53c2\u6570][\u9009\u62e9\u53c2\u6570][\u6587\u4ef6] \u529f\u80fd &#xff1a; \u7528\u4e8e\u663e\u793a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u672b\u5c3e\u5185\u5bb9&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6 \u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -f \u5faa\u73af\u8bfb\u53d6\u3001 -n \u663e\u793a\u884c\u6570<\/p>\n<p>tail text<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53ea\u67e5\u770b\u540e10\u884c<\/span><br \/>\ntail <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span> text<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>txt<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u67e5\u770b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540e20\u884c<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.15\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6307\u4ee4<\/h3>\n<p>date \u6307\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u65f6\u95f4&#xff1a; date &#043;%Y:%m:%d date \u7528\u6cd5&#xff1a; date [OPTION]\u2026 [&#043;FORMAT]<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>1\u3001\u5728\u663e\u793a\u65b9\u9762&#xff0c;\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u5b9a\u6b32\u663e\u793a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u683c\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u52a0\u53f7\u540e\u63a5\u6570\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u5217\u8868\u5982\u4e0b %H : \u5c0f\u65f6(00\u202623) %M : \u5206\u949f(00\u202659) %S : \u79d2(00\u202661) %X : \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e %H:%M:%S %d : \u65e5 (01\u202631) %m : \u6708\u4efd (01\u202612) %Y : \u5b8c\u6574\u5e74\u4efd (0000\u20269999) %F : \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e %Y-%m-%d<\/p>\n<p>data <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span>Y<span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span>m<span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span>d_<span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span>H<span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span>M<span class=\"token operator\">:<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span>S<\/p>\n<p>2\u3001\u5728\u8bbe\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u65b9\u9762 date -s \/\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709root\u6743\u9650\u624d\u80fd\u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5176\u4ed6\u53ea\u80fd\u67e5\u770b date -s 20080523 \/\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u621020080523&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u628a\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6210\u7a7a00:00:00 date -s 01:01:01 \/\/\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5177\u4f53\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u65e5\u671f\u505a\u66f4\u6539 date -s &#034;01:01:01 2008-05-23\u2033 \/\/\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u90e8\u65f6\u95f4 date -s &#034;01:01:01 20080523\u2033 \/\/\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u90e8\u65f6\u95f4 date -s &#034;2008-05-23 01:01:01\u2033 \/\/\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u90e8\u65f6\u95f4 date -s &#034;20080523 01:01:01\u2033 \/\/\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5168\u90e8\u65f6\u95f4 3\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u6233 \u83b7\u53d6\u65f6\u95f4\u6233&#xff1a; date &#043;%s \u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u8f6c\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c4\u7684 \u65f6\u95f4\u8868\u8fbe\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff1a; date -d&#064;1508749502 \u62d3\u5c55\u89c1\u4ee3\u7801\u3001 Unix \u65f6\u95f4\u6233&#xff08;\u82f1\u6587\u4e3a Unix epoch, Unix time, POSIX time \u6216 Unix timestamp &#xff09;\u662f\u4ece 1970 \u5e74 1 \u6708 1 \u65e5&#xff08; UTC\/GMT \u7684\u5348\u591c&#xff09;\u5f00\u59cb\u6240\u7ecf\u8fc7\u7684\u79d2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u95f0\u79d2<\/p>\n<h3>2.16\u3001cal<\/h3>\n<p>\u547d\u4ee4\u683c\u5f0f&#xff1a; cal [\u53c2\u6570][\u6708\u4efd][\u5e74\u4efd] \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5386\u7b49\u65f6\u95f4\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5982\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5219\u8868\u793a\u5e74\u4efd(1-9999) &#xff0c;\u5982\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570&#xff0c;\u5219\u8868\u793a\u6708\u4efd\u548c\u5e74\u4efd \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -3 \u663e\u793a\u7cfb\u7edf\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708&#xff0c;\u5f53\u524d\u6708&#xff0c;\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u6708\u5386 -j \u663e\u793a\u5728\u5f53\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u51e0\u5929&#xff08;\u4e00\u5e74\u65e5\u671f\u6309\u5929\u7b97&#xff0c;\u4ece1\u67081\u53f7\u7b97\u8d77&#xff0c;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u6708\u5728\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u5929\u6570&#xff09; -y \u663e\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u5e74\u4efd\u7684\u65e5\u5386<\/p>\n<h3>2.17\u3001find<\/h3>\n<p>1\u3001Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0bfind\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c 2\u3001Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0bfind\u547d\u4ee4\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5f53\u591a\u7684\u67e5\u627e\u6761\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u529f\u80fd\u5f88\u5f3a\u5927&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8efind\u5177\u6709\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u9009\u9879\u4e5f\u5f88\u591a&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9009\u9879\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u82b1\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b 3\u3001\u5373\u4f7f\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u7f51\u7edc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf( NFS)&#xff0c;find\u547d\u4ee4\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u540c\u6837\u6709\u6548&#xff0c;\u53ea\u4f60\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u6d88\u8017\u8d44\u6e90\u7684find\u547d\u4ee4\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u503e\u5411\u4e8e\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u5728\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u904d\u5386\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u82b1\u8d39\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4(\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u630730G\u5b57\u8282\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf)<\/p>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; find pathname -options \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u6811\u4e2d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4f5c\u51fa\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5904\u7406&#xff08;\u53ef\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u78c1\u76d8&#xff09; \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -name \u6309\u7167\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u4ef6<\/p>\n<h3>2.18\u3001grep<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; grep [\u9009\u9879] \u8981\u641c\u7d22\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32 \u641c\u5bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6587\u4ef6 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32&#xff0c;\u5c06\u627e\u5230\u7684\u884c\u6253\u5370\u51fa\u6765 \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -i &#xff1a; \u5ffd\u7565\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u7684\u4e0d\u540c&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u89c6\u4e3a\u76f8\u540c -n &#xff1a;\u987a\u4fbf\u8f93\u51fa\u884c\u53f7 -v &#xff1a;\u53cd\u5411\u9009\u62e9&#xff0c;\u4ea6\u5373\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u6ca1\u6709 \u2018\u641c\u5bfb\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u2019 \u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u884c \u884c\u6587\u672c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;\u5373&#xff0c;\u6309\u884c\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u884c\u6574\u4f53\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d<\/p>\n<h3>2.19\u3001zip\/unzip<\/h3>\n<p>\u538b\u7f29\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; zip \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u540e\u7684\u547d\u540d.zip \u8981\u538b\u7f29\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6 \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;unzip \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u540d.zip \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;unzip \u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u547d\u540d.zip -d \u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84 \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; \u5c06\u76ee\u5f55\u6216\u6587\u4ef6\u538b\u7f29\u6210zip\u683c\u5f0f \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -r&#xff1a;\u9012\u5f52\u5904\u7406&#xff0c;\u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55\u53ca\u5176\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5b50\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u3001<\/p>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u65b9\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u6e90\u7801\u5b89\u88c5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6211\u4eec\u7528\u4e0d\u5230&#xff0c;\u5728\u540e\u671f\u505a\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u65f6\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5230&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u5c31\u76ee\u524d\u800c\u8a00&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5148\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5\u5305&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u538b zip\u548cunzip\u6307\u4ee4\u5c06\u6253\u5305\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u89e3\u5305\u89e3\u538b\u878d\u5408\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u5757&#xff0c;\u6ca1\u6709\u5206\u5f00<\/p>\n<h3>2.20\u3001tar<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a;tar [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55 \u2026 \u89e3\u538b\u7f29&#xff1a;tar [\u9009\u9879] \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0e\u76ee\u5f55 \u53c2\u6570&#xff1a; -c &#xff1a; \u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u4ee4(create \u7684\u610f\u601d) -x &#xff1a; \u89e3\u5f00\u4e00\u4e2a\u538b\u7f29\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u4ee4&#xff01; -t &#xff1a; \u67e5\u770b tarfifile \u91cc\u9762\u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff01; -z &#xff1a; \u662f\u5426\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709 gzip \u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff1f;\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u7528 gzip \u538b\u7f29&#xff1f; -j &#xff1a; \u662f\u5426\u540c\u65f6\u5177\u6709 bzip2 \u7684\u5c5e\u6027&#xff1f;\u4ea6\u5373\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u7528 bzip2 \u538b\u7f29&#xff1f; -v &#xff1a; \u538b\u7f29\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff01;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u5728\u80cc\u666f\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff01; -f &#xff1a; \u4f7f\u7528\u6863\u540d&#xff0c;\u8bf7\u7559\u610f&#xff0c;\u5728 f \u4e4b\u540e\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u63a5\u6863\u540d\u5594&#xff01;\u4e0d\u8981\u518d\u52a0\u53c2\u6570&#xff01; -C &#xff1a; \u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u5f55<\/p>\n<p>tar cvzf test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>tgz z5<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/c\u4ee3\u8868\u521b\u5efa&#xff0c;z\u4ee3\u8868\u538b\u7f29&#xff0c;f\u4ee3\u8868\u538b\u7f29\u540e\u91cd\u547d\u540d<\/span><br \/>\ntar xzvf test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>tgz<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/x\u4ee3\u8868\u89e3\u538b\u7f29z&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u8868\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc&#xff0c;f\u4ee3\u8868\u89e3\u538b\u5305\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/span><br \/>\ntar xzf test<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>tgz <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>C <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>home<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span>z5<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u89e3\u538b\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2.21\u3001bc<\/h3>\n<p>linux\u4e0b\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5668&#xff0c;\u8fdb\u884c\u8fd0\u7b97<\/p>\n<h3>2.22\u3001uname<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; uname [\u9009\u9879] \u529f\u80fd&#xff1a; uname\u7528\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u7535\u8111\u548c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n<p>\u8865\u5145\u8bf4\u660e&#xff1a; uname\u53ef\u663e\u793alinux\u4e3b\u673a\u6240\u7528\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3001\u786c\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f \u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -a\u6216\u2013all \u8be6\u7ec6\u8f93\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e3a\u5185\u6838\u540d\u79f0&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u673a\u540d&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u53f7&#xff0c;\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c&#xff0c;\u786c\u4ef6\u540d&#xff0c;\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u786c\u4ef6\u5e73\u53f0\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u540d\u79f0<\/p>\n<h3>2.23\u3001Tab \u3001ctrl&#043;c \u3001ctrl&#043;d<\/h3>\n<p>Tab \u6309\u952e&#xff1a; \u5177\u6709\u300e\u547d\u4ee4\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u5168\u300f\u548c\u300e\u6863\u6848\u8865\u9f50\u300f\u7684\u529f\u80fd ctrl&#043;c\u6309\u952e&#xff1a; \u8ba9\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u300e\u505c\u6389\u300f&#xff0c;\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5931\u63a7\u65f6&#xff0c;ctrl&#043;c \u53ef\u4ee5\u65e0\u8111\u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;\u4e00\u6b21\u4e0d\u884c&#xff0c;\u591a\u70b9\u51e0\u6b21 ctrl&#043;r \u641c\u7d22\u5386\u53f2\u547d\u4ee4 ctrl&#043;d \u6309\u952e&#xff1a;\u5feb\u901f\u9000\u51fa\u8d26\u6237&#xff1b;\u53e6\u5916&#xff0c;\u4ed6\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u53d6\u4ee3exit<\/p>\n<h3>2.24\u3001\u5173\u673a<\/h3>\n<p>\u8bed\u6cd5&#xff1a; shutdown [\u9009\u9879] \u5e38\u89c1\u9009\u9879&#xff1a; -h &#xff1a; \u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u505c\u6389\u540e&#xff0c;\u7acb\u5373\u5173\u673a -r &#xff1a; \u5728\u5c06\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u505c\u6389\u4e4b\u540e\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8 -t sec &#xff1a; -t [\u79d2\u6570] \u540e\u9762\u52a0\u79d2\u6570&#xff0c;\u4ea6\u5373\u300e\u8fc7\u51e0\u79d2\u540e\u5173\u673a\u300f\u7684\u610f\u601d<\/p>\n<p>\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6c38\u4e0d\u5173\u673a&#xff0c; \u4e0d\u4e0b\u5fc3\u5173\u673a\u7684\u8bdd&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u7aef\u624b\u52a8\u5f00\u542f&#xff0c;\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u8bdd\u534a\u5e74\u5173\u4e00\u6b21\u5373\u53ef&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u5728\u672c\u5730Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u7684&#xff0c;\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u5173\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5361&#xff0c;\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f88\u5361&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u7684\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a<\/p>\n<p>shutdown <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>h now<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u7acb\u9a6c\u5173\u673a<\/span><br \/>\nshutdown <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>r now<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u91cd\u542f<\/span><br \/>\nshutdown <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>h <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/10\u5206\u949f\u540e\u5173\u673a<\/span><br \/>\nshutdown <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span>a<br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/\u53d6\u6d88\u5173\u673a\u547d\u4ee4<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u6587\u7ae0\u6d4f\u89c8\u9605\u8bfb860\u6b21\uff0c\u70b9\u8d5e30\u6b21\uff0c\u6536\u85cf9\u6b21\u3002\u8bf4\u660e:   cp\u6307\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u590d\u5236\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5982\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e14\u6700\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4f1a\u628a\u524d\u9762\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\u590d\u5236\u5230\u6b64\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\uff0c\u82e5\u540c\u65f6\u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u540e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5e76\u975e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6c38\u4e0d\u5173\u673a\uff0c \u4e0d\u4e0b\u5fc3\u5173\u673a\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u9875\u7aef\u624b\u52a8\u5f00\u542f\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u673a\u7684\u8bdd\u534a\u5e74\u5173\u4e00\u6b21\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u5728\u672c\u5730Windows\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\uff0c\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4e0d\u5173\u673a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5361\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f88\u5361\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7528\u7684\u662fLinux\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002-p, &#8211;parents \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8def\u5f84\u540d\u79f0\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12973,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[92,58,43],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-12980","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-github","tag-linux","tag-43"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>x-shell\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548clinux\u57fa\u672c\u6307\u4ee4 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/12980.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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