{"id":123759,"date":"2026-11-08T04:41:01","date_gmt":"2026-11-07T20:41:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123759.html"},"modified":"2026-11-08T04:41:01","modified_gmt":"2026-11-07T20:41:01","slug":"langchain-%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%ef%bc%8806%ef%bc%89%ef%bc%9a%e7%aa%81%e7%a0%b4%e5%a4%a7%e6%a8%a1%e5%9e%8b%e9%99%90%e5%88%b6-%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e5%8c%96%e8%be%93","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123759.html","title":{"rendered":"[LangChain] \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0806\uff09\uff1a\u7a81\u7834\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u9650\u5236\u2014\u2014\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\uff08Structured Output\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"

📌 \u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba（TL;DR）<\/h3>\n
  • \n

    \u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362：\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 with_structured_output() \u7ed3\u5408 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236 LLM \u8fd4\u56de\u6807\u51c6\u7684 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61，\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406：\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u975e\u9b54\u6cd5，\u800c\u662f\u5c06 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a JSON Schema，\u5229\u7528\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684 Function Calling（\u5de5\u5177\u8c03\u7528）\u6216 JSON Mode \u80fd\u529b，\u7ea6\u675f\u5176\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u7cbe\u51c6\u63d0\u53d6：\u5728 Field(description="…") \u4e2d\u586b\u5199\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4f1a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u53d1\u7ed9\u5927\u6a21\u578b，\u63cf\u8ff0\u8d8a\u7cbe\u51c6，\u6570\u636e\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6210\u529f\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u8054\u5408\u7c7b\u578b（Union）：\u901a\u8fc7 Union \u53ef\u4ee5\u7ec4\u5408\u591a\u4e2a Pydantic \u6a21\u578b（\u5982：\u6b63\u5e38\u56de\u7b54 vs \u8fdd\u89c4\u62d2\u7edd），\u8ba9\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u81ea\u884c\u5224\u65ad\u5e76\u8def\u7531\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    🔍 \u4e00\u3001 \u539f\u7406\u56fe\u89e3\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n

    1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981 JSON？<\/h4>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u201c\u738b\u4f1f\u8eab\u9ad8\u4e24\u7c73\u201d，\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53bb\u62c6\u89e3\u3002\u800c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f {"name": "\u738b\u4f1f", "height": "2.0"}，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u9700\u4e00\u884c data["name"] \u5373\u53ef\u5b58\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. LangChain \u5982\u4f55\u5f3a\u5236\u683c\u5f0f？<\/h4>\n

    \u5f53\u4f60\u8c03\u7528 model.with_structured_output(MySchema) \u65f6，LangChain \u4f1a\u63d0\u53d6\u8be5\u7c7b\u7684\u5185\u90e8\u7ed3\u6784，\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u6bb5\u7cbe\u786e\u7684 JSON Schema\u3002\u8bf7\u6c42 API \u65f6，\u8fd9\u4e2a Schema \u4f1a\u88ab\u4f20\u7ed9\u5927\u6a21\u578b，\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\u53ea\u80fd\u8f93\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u8be5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684 JSON\u3002<\/p>\n

    💻 \u4e8c\u3001 \u7cbe\u9009\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5<\/h3>\n

    1. \u57fa\u7840\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u53d6（Pydantic）<\/h4>\n

    from typing import Optional, List
    \nfrom pydantic import BaseModel, Field
    \nfrom langchain_openai import ChatOpenAI
    \nfrom langchain_core.messages import HumanMessage<\/p>\n

    # \u5b9a\u4e49 Schema \u7ed3\u6784
    \nclass Person(BaseModel):
    \n """\u5355\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4fe1\u606f"""
    \n name: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="\u59d3\u540d")
    \n height: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, description="\u8eab\u9ad8，\u5355\u4f4d\u7c73")<\/p>\n

    class Data(BaseModel):
    \n people: List[Person] = Field(description="\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u7269\u7684\u5217\u8868")<\/p>\n

    # \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8f93\u51fa
    \nmodel = ChatOpenAI(model="deepseek-chat", …)
    \nstructured_model = model.with_structured_output(Data)<\/p>\n

    # \u8c03\u7528\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u83b7\u53d6\u5bf9\u8c61
    \nresult = structured_model.invoke([HumanMessage(content="\u738b\u4f1f\u8eab\u9ad8\u4e24\u7c73\u3002")])
    \nprint(result.people[0].name) # \u8f93\u51fa：\u738b\u4f1f<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/h4>\n

    2. \u8054\u5408\u7c7b\u578b\u5206\u6d41（Union \u5904\u7406\u591a\u610f\u56fe）<\/h4>\n

    from typing import Union<\/p>\n

    class Joke(BaseModel):
    \n setup: str = Field(description="\u7b11\u8bdd\u5f00\u5934")
    \n punchline: str = Field(description="\u7b11\u8bdd\u5305\u88b1")<\/p>\n

    class Refusal(BaseModel):
    \n reason: str = Field(description="\u62d2\u7edd\u539f\u56e0")<\/p>\n

    class FinalResponse(BaseModel):
    \n output: Union[Joke, Refusal]<\/p>\n

    structured_model = model.with_structured_output(FinalResponse)
    \n# \u4f20\u5165\u8fdd\u89c4\u5185\u5bb9，\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u8d70 Refusal \u683c\u5f0f
    \nres = structured_model.invoke("\u6559\u6211\u600e\u4e48\u76d7\u53f7")
    \nprint(res.output.reason) # \u8f93\u51fa\u62d2\u7edd\u539f\u56e0<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    (\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5305\u542b\u5404\u79cd\u63d0\u53d6\u573a\u666f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5df2\u4e0a\u4f20\u81f3 Gitee \u4ed3\u5e93)<\/p>\n

    \u26a0\ufe0f \u4e09\u3001 \u8e29\u5751\u6392\u67e5\u6392\u96f7<\/h3>\n

    \u62a5\u9519 ValidationError \u6216\u63d0\u53d6\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u6392\u67e5：\u9996\u5148\u68c0\u67e5 Field(description="…") \u662f\u5426\u5199\u5f97\u8db3\u591f\u8be6\u7ec6\u3002\u5176\u6b21，\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u6a21\u578b\u7684 temperature \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 0.0，\u5f3a\u5236\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u653e\u5f03\u778e\u7f16，\u4e13\u6ce8\u6700\u9ad8\u6982\u7387\u7684\u63d0\u53d6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u7f3a\u5c11\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u201c\u5f3a\u884c\u7f16\u9020\u201d：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        \u6392\u67e5：\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5，\u52a1\u5fc5\u4f7f\u7528 Optional[str] \u5e76\u5728\u63d0\u793a\u8bcd\u4e2d\u5f3a\u8c03\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u672a\u63d0\u53ca，\u8bf7\u8fd4\u56de null\u201d，\u9632\u6b62\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u81c6\u9020\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u652f\u6301 with_structured_output：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          \u6392\u67e5：\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e95\u5c42\u6a21\u578b\u7684 JSON \u6216 Function Calling \u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4f7f\u7528\u8fc7\u65e7\u7684\u672c\u5730\u6a21\u578b，\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u5efa\u8bae\u5207\u6362\u5230 DeepSeek\u3001GPT-4 \u6216\u652f\u6301 Function Calling \u7684 Qwen \u7cfb\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          📌 \u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba（TL;DR）\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362：\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 with_structured_output() \u7ed3\u5408 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236 LLM \u8fd4\u56de\u6807\u51c6\u7684 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61，\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406：\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u975e\u9b54\u6cd5，\u800c\u662f\u5c06 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a JSON Schema，\u5229\u7528\u5927<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":123757,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[997,149,371,305],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-123759","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-langchain","tag-windows","tag-371","tag-305"],"yoast_head":"\n[LangChain] \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0806\uff09\uff1a\u7a81\u7834\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u9650\u5236\u2014\u2014\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\uff08Structured Output\uff09 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123759.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[LangChain] \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0806\uff09\uff1a\u7a81\u7834\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u9650\u5236\u2014\u2014\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\uff08Structured Output\uff09 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"📌 \u6838\u5fc3\u7ed3\u8bba（TL;DR）\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362：\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32，\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\u3002\u901a\u8fc7 with_structured_output() \u7ed3\u5408 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b，\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f3a\u5236 LLM \u8fd4\u56de\u6807\u51c6\u7684 JSON \u5bf9\u8c61，\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u4ece\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5230\u5bf9\u8c61\u201d\u7684\u8303\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u5e95\u5c42\u539f\u7406：\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5e76\u975e\u9b54\u6cd5，\u800c\u662f\u5c06 Pydantic \u6a21\u578b\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a JSON Schema，\u5229\u7528\u5927\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123759.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-11-07T20:41:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261107204100-6aef8cdc87ece.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"1 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123759.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123759.html\",\"name\":\"[LangChain] \u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\uff0806\uff09\uff1a\u7a81\u7834\u5927\u6a21\u578b\u9650\u5236\u2014\u2014\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\uff08Structured Output\uff09 - 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