{"id":123093,"date":"2026-11-06T11:32:58","date_gmt":"2026-11-06T03:32:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123093.html"},"modified":"2026-11-06T11:32:58","modified_gmt":"2026-11-06T03:32:58","slug":"api%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%af%b9%e6%8e%a5%e6%89%8d%e7%a8%b3%ef%bc%9f%e6%88%91%e6%8a%8a%e8%b6%85%e6%97%b6%e3%80%81%e9%87%8d%e8%af%95%e5%92%8c%e4%b8%89%e5%ae%b6%e4%ba%91%e7%ad%be","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/123093.html","title":{"rendered":"api\u63a5\u53e3\u600e\u4e48\u5bf9\u63a5\u624d\u7a33\uff1f\u6211\u628a\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u548c\u4e09\u5bb6\u4e91\u7b7e\u540d\u8fd9\u4e09\u9053\u5173\u8dd1\u4e86\u4e00\u904d"},"content":{"rendered":"

\/* MD \/ \u5bcc\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684 .toc\uff08\u542b\u535a\u5ba2\u56ed\u642c\u5bb6\u7b49\u5d4c\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1b.toc-box \u5728\u4fa7\u680f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd *\/
\n #content_views .toc,
\n \/* \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u5e38\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u524d\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u7a7a p\uff08:empty \u4ecd\u5360 20px\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u5e76\u53bb\u6389\u907f\u514d\u9876\u7a7a\u9699 *\/
\n #content_views.markdown_views > p:empty:has(+ .toc),
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty,
\n \/* \u5bcc\u6587\u672c\u65e7\u7248\u76ee\u5f55\u6807\u8bb0 *\/
\n #content_views.htmledit_views #main-toc,
\n #content_views.htmledit_views #hr-toc,
\n #content_views.htmledit_views p[id*=\\”-toc\\”] {
\n display: none !important;
\n }
\n \/* \u76ee\u5f55\u53bb\u6389\u540e\uff0c\u7d27\u8ddf\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u6807\u9898\u4e0d\u518d\u591a\u51fa\u4e00\u5757\u4e0a\u8fb9\u8ddd *\/
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h1,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h2,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h3,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h4,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h1,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h2,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h3,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h4 {
\n margin-top: 0 !important;
\n }<\/p>\n

\u73af\u5883\u8bf4\u660e：\u672c\u673a Windows 10 22H2 + Python 3.13.12，\u4e0b\u6587\u6240\u6709\u8fd4\u56de\u4e0e\u62a5\u9519\u5747\u7528\u6807\u51c6\u5e93 urllib \u76f4\u8fde\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730 mock \u670d\u52a1（127.0.0.1:8811）\u8dd1\u51fa，\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u5916\u7f51；\u4e09\u5bb6\u4e91\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u7ed3\u8bba\u6765\u81ea\u5404\u81ea\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863，\u672a\u9010\u9879\u5b9e\u8dd1\u7b7e\u540d\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f60\u63a5\u8fc7\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5927\u6982\u5206\u4e09\u7c7b：\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u652f\u4ed8\u3001\u4e91\u5382\u5546\u7684 OpenAPI\u3001\u516c\u53f8\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u65b0\u624b\u5e38\u4ee5\u4e3a api\u63a5\u53e3\u600e\u4e48\u5bf9\u63a5 \u5c31\u662f\u628a URL \u62fc\u597d\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u585e\u8fdb\u53bb\u3001\u7b49\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u6211\u8e29\u8fc7\u7684\u5751\u544a\u8bc9\u6211，\u96be\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e0d\u5728"\u8c03\u901a\u4e00\u6b21"，\u800c\u5728"\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u91cc\u5b83\u9694\u4e09\u5dee\u4e94\u4ee5\u4f60\u6ca1\u60f3\u8fc7\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6302\u6389"\u3002\u6211\u628a\u8d85\u65f6\u3001\u91cd\u8bd5\u548c\u7b7e\u540d\u8fd9\u4e09\u9053\u5173\u7528 Python \u5b9e\u8dd1\u4e86\u4e00\u904d，\u4e0b\u9762\u628a\u8bc1\u636e\u548c\u6392\u6cd5\u644a\u5f00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52a8\u624b\u524d\u5148\u5206\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b：\u4f60\u8981\u7684\u662f"\u80fd\u8c03\u901a"，\u8fd8\u662f"\u8c03\u5f97\u7a33"\u3002\u80fd\u8c03\u901a\u53ea\u8981\u4e00\u6b21 200；\u8c03\u5f97\u7a33\u8981\u5904\u7406\u8fde\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd\u3001\u8d85\u65f6\u30015xx\u3001\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4\u3001\u65f6\u949f\u504f\u79fb\u3002\u672c\u6587\u8bb2\u7684\u662f\u540e\u8005\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u7684\u8054\u8c03\u811a\u672c\u4e0d\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fde\u63a5\u5c42：\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u5e95\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u51fa\u53bb<\/h3>\n

\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u770b\u5230\u62a5\u9519\u5148\u6000\u7591\u53c2\u6570，\u5176\u5b9e\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u8bf7\u6c42\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u62b5\u8fbe\u5bf9\u7aef\u3002\u804a\u5230 api\u63a5\u53e3\u600e\u4e48\u5bf9\u63a5，\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u8bf7\u6c42\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u51fa\u53bb，\u6bd4\u6539\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u9760\u524d\u3002\u6211\u8d77\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730 mock \u670d\u52a1，\u7aef\u53e3 8811，\u5206\u522b\u6253\u4e86\u6b63\u5e38\u63a5\u53e3\u3001\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8def\u5f84\u3001\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u5f00\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

import<\/span> json,<\/span> urllib.<\/span>request,<\/span> urllib.<\/span>error,<\/span> socket<\/p>\n

def<\/span> call<\/span>(<\/span>url,<\/span> timeout=<\/span>5<\/span>)<\/span>:<\/span>
\n req =<\/span> urllib.<\/span>request.<\/span>Request(<\/span>url)<\/span>
\n try<\/span>:<\/span>
\n with<\/span> urllib.<\/span>request.<\/span>urlopen(<\/span>req,<\/span> timeout=<\/span>timeout)<\/span> as<\/span> r:<\/span>
\n return<\/span> r.<\/span>status,<\/span> json.<\/span>loads(<\/span>r.<\/span>read(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>
\n except<\/span> urllib.<\/span>error.<\/span>HTTPError as<\/span> e:<\/span>
\n return<\/span> e.<\/span>code,<\/span> e.<\/span>reason
\n except<\/span> (<\/span>urllib.<\/span>error.<\/span>URLError,<\/span> TimeoutError,<\/span> socket.<\/span>timeout,<\/span> ConnectionError)<\/span> as<\/span> e:<\/span>
\n return<\/span> None<\/span>,<\/span> str<\/span>(<\/span>getattr<\/span>(<\/span>e,<\/span> "reason"<\/span>,<\/span> e)<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u662f\u5b9e\u8dd1\u51fa\u6765\u7684：<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5e38 200 -> (200, {'order_id': '20261104-0088', 'status': 'paid', 'amount': 99.0})
\n\u8def\u5f84\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728 -> (404, 'Not Found')
\n\u8fde\u5230\u65e0\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u53e3 127.0.0.1:9 -> (None, '[WinError 10061] \u7531\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79ef\u6781\u62d2\u7edd，\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fde\u63a5\u3002')<\/p>\n

\u6ce8\u610f 404 \u548c\u8fde\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd\u662f\u4e24\u7801\u4e8b：404 \u8bf4\u660e TCP \u5df2\u7ecf\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u5bf9\u7aef\u6b63\u5e38\u56de\u4e86"\u6ca1\u8fd9\u8d44\u6e90"；\u8fde\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd\u8bf4\u660e\u5bf9\u7aef\u7aef\u53e3\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u76d1\u542c，\u8fde\u63e1\u624b\u90fd\u6ca1\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u6211\u6392\u67e5\u65f6\u5148\u770b\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e00\u7c7b，\u518d\u51b3\u5b9a\u662f\u6539 URL\u3001\u67e5\u7f51\u7edc\u8fd8\u662f\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u6d3b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8d85\u65f6\u4e0e\u91cd\u8bd5：timeout \u4e0d\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u9879<\/h3>\n

\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570，\u5e93\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u7b49，\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5c31\u540a\u6b7b\u5728\u90a3\u3002\u6211\u7279\u610f\u628a\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u6539\u6210 sleep 3 \u79d2，\u518d\u7528 timeout=1 \u53bb\u6253：<\/p>\n

timeout=1 \u6253 sleep 3 \u7684\u63a5\u53e3 -> (None, 'timed out')<\/p>\n

\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u662f"\u4e0d\u5361\u6b7b"，\u8fd8\u6ca1"\u6253\u5f97\u901a"\u30025xx \u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u7c7b：\u670d\u52a1\u6d3b\u7740\u4f46\u4e34\u65f6\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u3002\u6211\u8ba9 \/api\/flaky \u524d\u4e24\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de 503\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u8fd4\u56de 200，\u8dd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e26\u9000\u907f\u7684\u91cd\u8bd5：<\/p>\n

\u7b2c1\u6b21 -> code=503 body=Service Unavailable
\n\u7b2c2\u6b21 -> code=503 body=Service Unavailable
\n\u7b2c3\u6b21 -> code=200 body={'ok': True, 'attempt': 3}<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u8bd5\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5751\u6211\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u9192：\u4e00\u662f\u53ea\u5728 5xx \u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u8fd9\u7c7b"\u53ef\u80fd\u81ea\u6108"\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4e0a\u91cd\u8bd5，4xx（\u542b 404）\u91cd\u8bd5\u6ca1\u610f\u4e49；\u4e8c\u662f\u9000\u907f\u8981\u53e0\u52a0\u6296\u52a8，\u522b\u8ba9\u4e00\u5806\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u540c\u4e00\u79d2\u540c\u65f6\u91cd\u8fde\u628a\u5bf9\u7aef\u6253\u6302\u3002\u91cd\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\u6211\u4e00\u822c\u538b\u5728 3 \u6b21\u4ee5\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9274\u6743\u4e0e\u7b7e\u540d：\u4e09\u5bb6\u4e91\u600e\u4e48\u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42<\/h3>\n

\u518d\u8bf4 api\u63a5\u53e3\u600e\u4e48\u5bf9\u63a5 \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5ef6\u4f38\u573a\u666f：\u4e91\u5382\u5546 OpenAPI，\u96be\u7684\u662f\u7b7e\u540d，\u4e0d\u662f\u8bf7\u6c42\u672c\u8eab\u3002\u6211\u628a\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u3001\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91\u7684\u7b7e\u540d\u6587\u6863\u90fd\u7ffb\u4e86\u4e00\u904d，\u673a\u5236\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c，\u4e0d\u80fd\u5957\u4e00\u5957\u4ee3\u7801\u6253\u4e09\u5bb6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\u5382\u5546\u7b7e\u540d\u7b97\u6cd5\u5173\u952e\u8f7d\u4f53\u6587\u6863\u5165\u53e3<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
\u963f\u91cc\u4e91<\/td>\nHMAC-SHA1 \/ HMAC-SHA256（RPC \u98ce\u683c）<\/td>\nAccessKey + \u89c4\u8303\u67e5\u8be2\u4e32<\/td>\n\u963f\u91cc\u4e91 SDK \u6587\u6863<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u817e\u8baf\u4e91<\/td>\nTC3-HMAC-SHA256<\/td>\nSecretId\/SecretKey + \u89c4\u8303\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e32<\/td>\n\u817e\u8baf\u4e91 \u7b7e\u540d\u65b9\u6cd5 v3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91<\/td>\nSDK-HMAC-SHA256<\/td>\nAK\/SK + X-Sdk-Date \u5934<\/td>\n\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91 API \u7b7e\u540d\u6307\u5357<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u4e09\u5bb6\u5171\u540c\u70b9\u662f\u90fd\u7528 AK\/SK \u505a HMAC，\u4f46\u62fc\u4e32\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u5934\u5b57\u6bb5\u5404\u5199\u5404\u7684；\u534e\u4e3a\u4e91\u8fd8\u989d\u5916\u8981\u6c42\u672c\u5730\u65f6\u949f\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bef\u5dee\u4e0d\u8d85\u8fc7 15 \u5206\u949f，\u5426\u5219\u76f4\u63a5\u62d2\u3002\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5199\u6cd5\u89c1 Python urllib \u6587\u6863\u3002\u6211\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u522b\u624b\u6413，\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5404\u5bb6 SDK\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6392\u67e5\u6e05\u5355：\u63a5\u53e3\u6302\u4e86\u6309\u8fd9\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u770b<\/h3>\n
  • \u7f51\u7edc\u5c42：\u57df\u540d\u80fd\u5426\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u901a（\u8fde\u63a5\u62d2\u7edd\u5148\u67e5\u8fd9\u91cc）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u8d85\u65f6\u5c42：timeout \u662f\u5426\u8bbe\u4e86，\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5408\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u534f\u8bae\u5c42：HTTPS \u8bc1\u4e66\u3001HTTP \u65b9\u6cd5\u3001Content-Type \u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u5f97\u4e0a\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u4e1a\u52a1\u5c42：\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u662f 4xx（\u8bf7\u6c42\u6709\u95ee\u9898）\u8fd8\u662f 5xx（\u5bf9\u7aef\u6709\u95ee\u9898）\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5e42\u7b49\u5c42：\u91cd\u8bd5\u4f1a\u4e0d\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u91cd\u590d\u4e0b\u5355\u3001\u91cd\u590d\u6263\u6b3e\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u6211\u6bcf\u6b21\u8054\u8c03\u90fd\u6309\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8d70，\u7701\u6389\u4e00\u534a\u778e\u731c\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u53cd\u5411\u8fb9\u754c：\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u8be5\u81ea\u5df1\u9020\u8f6e\u5b50<\/h3>\n

    \u4e0d\u7ba1 api\u63a5\u53e3\u600e\u4e48\u5bf9\u63a5 \u843d\u5230\u54ea\u79cd\u573a\u666f，\u751f\u4ea7\u7ea7\u90fd\u522b\u7701\u6389\u8d85\u65f6\u548c\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u503c\u5f97\u624b\u5199 HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef，\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u6211\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0a SDK \u6216\u7f51\u5173：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u8981\u8c03\u4e91\u5382\u5546 OpenAPI：\u7b7e\u540d\u89c4\u5219\u968f\u7248\u672c\u53d8，\u624b\u6413\u8fdf\u65e9\u8e29\u5751，\u7528\u5b98\u65b9 SDK\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u8981\u5bf9\u63a5\u591a\u5bb6\u3001\u4e14\u8981\u9650\u6d41\u7194\u65ad：\u4e0a API \u7f51\u5173\u6216\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e93，\u522b\u81ea\u5df1\u5806 if\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u53ea\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u4e92\u8c03：\u6846\u67b6\u81ea\u5e26\u7684 HTTP \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u901a\u5e38\u591f\u7528，\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5f15\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u53cd\u8fc7\u6765，\u5355\u6b21\u3001\u4f4e\u9891\u3001\u5bf9\u65b9\u662f\u7b80\u5355 JSON \u63a5\u53e3\u65f6，\u6807\u51c6\u5e93 urllib \u8db3\u591f，\u5f15 requests \u53cd\u800c\u591a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002<\/p>\n

      FAQ<\/h3>\n

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