{"id":12267,"date":"2025-04-18T19:23:55","date_gmt":"2025-04-18T11:23:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/12267.html"},"modified":"2025-04-18T19:23:55","modified_gmt":"2025-04-18T11:23:55","slug":"springboo%e9%80%9a%e8%bf%87http%e8%af%b7%e6%b1%82%e4%b8%8b%e8%bd%bd%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%88%b0%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/12267.html","title":{"rendered":"Springboo\u901a\u8fc7http\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u5904\u7406\u4eceURL\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

import<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>FileOutputStream<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>IOException<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>InputStream<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>OutputStream<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>net.<\/span><\/span>HttpURLConnection<\/span>;<\/span>
\nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>net.<\/span><\/span>URL;<\/span> <\/p>\n

public<\/span> class<\/span> Downloader<\/span> {<\/span>
\n public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> downloadAndSave<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> urlString,<\/span> String<\/span> filePath)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n InputStream<\/span> in =<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span>
\n try<\/span> {<\/span>
\n URL<\/span> url =<\/span> new<\/span> URL<\/span>(<\/span>urlString)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n HttpURLConnection<\/span> connection =<\/span> (<\/span>HttpURLConnection<\/span>)<\/span> url.<\/span>openConnection<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n connection.<\/span>setRequestMethod<\/span>(<\/span>"GET"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n connection.<\/span>setUseCaches<\/span>(<\/span>false<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n connection.<\/span>setRequestProperty<\/span>(<\/span>"Content-Type"<\/span>,<\/span> "application\/json"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u9002\u5f53\u7684MIME\u7c7b\u578b，\u6216\u8005\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u79fb\u9664 <\/span>
\n connection.<\/span>setConnectTimeout<\/span>(<\/span>60000<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n connection.<\/span>setReadTimeout<\/span>(<\/span>60000<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668 <\/span>
\n connection.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u68c0\u67e5\u54cd\u5e94\u7801\u662f\u5426\u4e3a200 <\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>connection.<\/span>getResponseCode<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> HttpURLConnection<\/span>.<\/span>HTTP_OK)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n in =<\/span> connection.<\/span>getInputStream<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528try-with-resources\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95edOutputStream <\/span>
\n try<\/span> (<\/span>OutputStream<\/span> out =<\/span> new<\/span> FileOutputStream<\/span>(<\/span>filePath)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n byte<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> buffer =<\/span> new<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>4096<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
\n int<\/span> bytesRead;<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6d41\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e，\u5e76\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u8f93\u51fa\u6d41\u4e2d <\/span>
\n while<\/span> (<\/span>(<\/span>bytesRead =<\/span> in.<\/span>read<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span>)<\/span> !=<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n out.<\/span>write<\/span>(<\/span>buffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> bytesRead)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f：\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86try-with-resources，OutputStream\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95ed <\/span>
\n \/\/ \u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fddInputStream\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\u88ab\u5173\u95ed <\/span>
\n }<\/span> else<\/span> {<\/span>
\n System<\/span>.<\/span>out.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>"Failed to download file: HTTP error code "<\/span> +<\/span> connection.<\/span>getResponseCode<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n e.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span> finally<\/span> {<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u5173\u95edInputStream <\/span>
\n if<\/span> (<\/span>in !=<\/span> null<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n try<\/span> {<\/span>
\n in.<\/span>close<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n e.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n \/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\u7528\u6cd5 <\/span>
\n public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> args)<\/span> {<\/span>
\n String<\/span> url =<\/span> "http:\/\/example.com\/somefile.txt"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n String<\/span> filePath =<\/span> "downloaded_file.txt"<\/span>;<\/span>
\n downloadAndSave<\/span>(<\/span>url,<\/span> filePath)<\/span>;<\/span>
\n }<\/span>
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2adownloadAndSave\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d，\u6211\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ece\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684URL\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u679cHTTP\u54cd\u5e94\u7801\u4e3a200（OK），\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u4ece\u8fde\u63a5\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6InputStream，\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528try-with-resources\u8bed\u53e5\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u5173\u95edFileOutputStream，\u540c\u65f6\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u4eceInputStream\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u64cd\u4f5c\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5426，\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u4f1a\u5728finally\u5757\u4e2d\u5173\u95edInputStream，\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8d44\u6e90\u88ab\u6b63\u786e\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f，\u6211\u4fee\u6539\u4e86setRequestProperty\u7684\u952e\u4ece"Charset"\u5230"Content-Type"，\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u4e8eGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u8bf4，\u8bbe\u7f6e"Content-Type"\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684，\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53（\u5bf9\u4e8eGET\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u8bf4，\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53\u662f\u7a7a\u7684）\u7684\u5a92\u4f53\u7c7b\u578b\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c，\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6b63\u5728\u5411\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001POST\u6216PUT\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5e76\u5305\u542b\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53，\u90a3\u4e48\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6b63\u786e\u7684"Content-Type"\u5c31\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d，\u6211\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5b83，\u4f46\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u9700\u6c42\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u5b83\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u662f\u60f3\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6，\u90a3\u4e48\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e"Content-Type"\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5e76\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u529f\u80fd，\u9664\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528HttpURLConnection\u4e4b\u5916，\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5176\u4e2d\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

  • \u4f7f\u7528java.net.URL\u548cjava.io.FileOutputStream（\u7b80\u5316\u7248，\u65e0HttpURLConnection） \u6ce8\u610f：\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u652f\u6301HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u529f\u80fd（\u5982\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5934\u3001\u5904\u7406\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u7b49），\u4f46\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u8db3\u591f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u590d\u6742\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42，\u5efa\u8bae\u4f7f\u7528HttpURLConnection\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n

    import<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>FileOutputStream<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>IOException<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>InputStream<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>net.<\/span><\/span>URL;<\/span> <\/p>\n

    public<\/span> class<\/span> SimpleDownloader<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> downloadAndSave<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> urlString,<\/span> String<\/span> filePath)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n try<\/span> (<\/span>URL<\/span> url =<\/span> new<\/span> URL<\/span>(<\/span>urlString)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n InputStream<\/span> in =<\/span> url.<\/span>openStream<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f：\u8fd9\u91cc\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662fopenStream()，\u5b83\u7b80\u5316\u4e86HTTP GET\u8bf7\u6c42 <\/span>
    \n FileOutputStream<\/span> fos =<\/span> new<\/span> FileOutputStream<\/span>(<\/span>filePath)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n byte<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> buffer =<\/span> new<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>4096<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> bytesRead;<\/span>
    \n while<\/span> (<\/span>(<\/span>bytesRead =<\/span> in.<\/span>read<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span>)<\/span> !=<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n fos.<\/span>write<\/span>(<\/span>buffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> bytesRead)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n e.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> <\/p>\n

    public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> args)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n String<\/span> url =<\/span> "http:\/\/example.com\/somefile.txt"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n String<\/span> filePath =<\/span> "downloaded_file.txt"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n downloadAndSave<\/span>(<\/span>url,<\/span> filePath)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

  • \u4f7f\u7528Apache HttpClient\u5e93 Apache HttpClient\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684HTTP\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5e93，\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6bd4HttpURLConnection\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684API\u548c\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u7528HttpClient，\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5c06\u5176\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u4f60\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n

    \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f7f\u7528Apache HttpClient\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b：<\/p>\n

    import<\/span> org.<\/span>apache.<\/span>http.<\/span>client.<\/span>methods.<\/span><\/span>HttpGet<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nimport<\/span> org.<\/span>apache.<\/span>http.<\/span>impl.<\/span>client.<\/span><\/span>CloseableHttpClient<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nimport<\/span> org.<\/span>apache.<\/span>http.<\/span>impl.<\/span>client.<\/span><\/span>HttpClients<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nimport<\/span> org.<\/span>apache.<\/span>http.<\/span>util.<\/span><\/span>EntityUtils<\/span>;<\/span> <\/p>\n

    import<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>FileOutputStream<\/span>;<\/span>
    \nimport<\/span> java.<\/span>io.<\/span><\/span>IOException<\/span>;<\/span> <\/p>\n

    public<\/span> class<\/span> HttpClientDownloader<\/span> {<\/span> <\/p>\n

    public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> downloadAndSave<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> urlString,<\/span> String<\/span> filePath)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n try<\/span> (<\/span>CloseableHttpClient<\/span> httpClient =<\/span> HttpClients<\/span>.<\/span>createDefault<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n HttpGet<\/span> httpGet =<\/span> new<\/span> HttpGet<\/span>(<\/span>urlString)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n FileOutputStream<\/span> fos =<\/span> new<\/span> FileOutputStream<\/span>(<\/span>filePath)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n httpClient.<\/span>execute<\/span>(<\/span>httpGet,<\/span> httpResponse -><\/span> {<\/span>
    \n try<\/span> (<\/span>InputStream<\/span> inputStream =<\/span> httpResponse.<\/span>getEntity<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>getContent<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n byte<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> buffer =<\/span> new<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>4096<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> bytesRead;<\/span>
    \n while<\/span> (<\/span>(<\/span>bytesRead =<\/span> inputStream.<\/span>read<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span>)<\/span> !=<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n fos.<\/span>write<\/span>(<\/span>buffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> bytesRead)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> null<\/span>;<\/span> \/\/ \u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd4\u56denull，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u9700\u8981HttpResponse\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406 <\/span>
    \n }<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span> <\/p>\n

    }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n e.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u6ce8\u610f：\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86HttpClient\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f（\u901a\u8fc7execute\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684lambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f）， <\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u4f46\u8fd9\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u7684，\u56e0\u4e3alambda\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5185\u90e8\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002 <\/span>
    \n \/\/ \u5bf9\u4e8e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5f02\u6b65\u4e0b\u8f7d，\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528HttpClient\u7684\u5f02\u6b65API（\u5982FutureCallback\u7b49）\u3002 <\/span><\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u5316，\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u540c\u6b65\u4e0b\u8f7d\u793a\u4f8b： <\/span>
    \n public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> downloadAndSaveSync<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span> urlString,<\/span> String<\/span> filePath)<\/span> throws<\/span> IOException<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n try<\/span> (<\/span>CloseableHttpClient<\/span> httpClient =<\/span> HttpClients<\/span>.<\/span>createDefault<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n HttpGet<\/span> httpGet =<\/span> new<\/span> HttpGet<\/span>(<\/span>urlString)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n FileOutputStream<\/span> fos =<\/span> new<\/span> FileOutputStream<\/span>(<\/span>filePath)<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span> <\/p>\n

    CloseableHttpResponse<\/span> response =<\/span> httpClient.<\/span>execute<\/span>(<\/span>httpGet)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n try<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n InputStream<\/span> inputStream =<\/span> response.<\/span>getEntity<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>.<\/span>getContent<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n byte<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> buffer =<\/span> new<\/span> byte<\/span>[<\/span>4096<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> bytesRead;<\/span> <\/p>\n

    while<\/span> (<\/span>(<\/span>bytesRead =<\/span> inputStream.<\/span>read<\/span>(<\/span>buffer)<\/span>)<\/span> !=<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n fos.<\/span>write<\/span>(<\/span>buffer,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> bytesRead)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> finally<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n response.<\/span>close<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> <\/p>\n

    public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String<\/span>[<\/span>]<\/span> args)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n String<\/span> url =<\/span> "http:\/\/example.com\/somefile.txt"<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n String<\/span> filePath =<\/span> "downloaded_file.txt"<\/span>;<\/span> <\/p>\n

    \/\/ \u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u6b65\u65b9\u6cd5 <\/span>
    \n try<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n downloadAndSaveSync<\/span>(<\/span>url,<\/span> filePath)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span> catch<\/span> (<\/span>IOException<\/span> e)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n e.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>(<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

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