{"id":122336,"date":"2026-11-04T18:49:09","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T10:49:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/122336.html"},"modified":"2026-11-04T18:49:09","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T10:49:09","slug":"linux-%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e4%bc%98%e5%85%88%e7%ba%a7%e3%80%81%e5%88%87%e6%8d%a2%e4%b8%8e%e8%b0%83%e5%ba%a6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/122336.html","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001\u5207\u6362\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\/* MD \/ \u5bcc\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684 .toc\uff08\u542b\u535a\u5ba2\u56ed\u642c\u5bb6\u7b49\u5d4c\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1b.toc-box \u5728\u4fa7\u680f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd *\/
\n #content_views .toc,
\n \/* \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u5e38\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u524d\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u7a7a p\uff08:empty \u4ecd\u5360 20px\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u5e76\u53bb\u6389\u907f\u514d\u9876\u7a7a\u9699 *\/
\n #content_views.markdown_views > p:empty:has(+ .toc),
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty,
\n \/* \u5bcc\u6587\u672c\u65e7\u7248\u76ee\u5f55\u6807\u8bb0 *\/
\n #content_views.htmledit_views #main-toc,
\n #content_views.htmledit_views #hr-toc,
\n #content_views.htmledit_views p[id*=\\”-toc\\”] {
\n display: none !important;
\n }
\n \/* \u76ee\u5f55\u53bb\u6389\u540e\uff0c\u7d27\u8ddf\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u6807\u9898\u4e0d\u518d\u591a\u51fa\u4e00\u5757\u4e0a\u8fb9\u8ddd *\/
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h1,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h2,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h3,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + h4,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h1,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h2,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h3,
\n #content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty + h4 {
\n margin-top: 0 !important;
\n }<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u6709\u51e0\u767e\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4f46 CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6570\u8fdc\u5c11\u4e8e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u5e94\u8be5\u7ee7\u7eed\u6267\u884c，\u800c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6beb\u79d2\u7ea7\u505a\u51fa\u9009\u62e9：\u73b0\u5728\u628a CPU \u7ed9\u8c01？\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u62e9\u7531\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u5171\u540c\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u662f\u201c\u8c01\u5148\u8fd0\u884c\u201d<\/h2>\n

1. \u7ade\u4e89\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u4e0e\u5e76\u884c<\/h3>\n

\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u7ade\u4e89：CPU \u8d44\u6e90\u6709\u9650，\u800c\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5f88\u591a\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u7ade\u4e89\u6709\u79e9\u5e8f，\u5185\u6838\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u8c03\u5ea6\u65f6\u4f18\u5148\u7167\u987e\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u7ecf\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0，\u5148\u505a\u4e2a\u8fa8\u6790：<\/p>\n\n\u6982\u5ff5\u5173\u6ce8\u70b9\u5178\u578b\u573a\u666f<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u7ade\u4e89\u6027<\/td>\n\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e89\u62a2\u6709\u9650\u7684 CPU<\/td>\n\u4e00\u8fb9\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ee3\u7801，\u4e00\u8fb9\u5f00\u89c6\u9891\u4f1a\u8bae<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u72ec\u7acb\u6027<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587<\/td>\n\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5d29\u6e83，\u4e0d\u5f71\u54cd\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5e76\u53d1<\/td>\n\u4e00\u4e2a CPU \u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e4b\u95f4\u5feb\u901f\u5207\u6362<\/td>\n\u5355\u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u540c\u65f6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u3001\u64ad\u653e\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u6863<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5e76\u884c<\/td>\n\u591a\u4e2a CPU \u771f\u6b63\u540c\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\n\u56db\u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u56db\u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u8ba1\u7b97<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u5e76\u53d1\u662f\u201c\u5728\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u90fd\u5411\u524d\u8d70\u201d，\u5e76\u884c\u662f\u201c\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u523b\u771f\u7684\u90fd\u5728\u8d70\u201d\u3002\u5355\u6838\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u9760\u7684\u662f\u5207\u6362，\u5207\u6362\u5f97\u8db3\u591f\u5feb，\u7528\u6237\u5c31\u4f1a\u89c9\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53ea\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u65f6\u624d\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002CPU \u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6，\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u518d\u9ad8\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8dd1\u5f97\u66f4\u5feb，\u56e0\u4e3a\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u522b\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5728\u62a2\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0d\u662f\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6，\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u8fa8\u6790\u6e05\u695a：<\/p>\n\n\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6743\u9650<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u56de\u7b54\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/td>\n\u8c01\u5148\u83b7\u5f97 CPU<\/td>\n\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u67d0\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u636e<\/td>\nnice \u503c\u3001PRI\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565<\/td>\nUID\u3001GID\u3001rwx\u3001capabilities<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8c03\u6574\u65b9\u5f0f<\/td>\nnice\u3001renice\u3001setpriority<\/td>\nchmod\u3001chown\u3001\u80fd\u529b\u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8fb9\u754c<\/td>\n\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6743\u9650\u68c0\u67e5<\/td>\n\u6743\u9650\u9ad8\u4e0d\u81ea\u52a8\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a CPU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6743\u9650\u4f4e\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b83\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u6709\u6743\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6；\u6743\u9650\u9ad8\u7684\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u4e5f\u6253\u4e0d\u5f00\u81ea\u5df1\u6ca1\u6709\u6743\u9650\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002Linux \u5728\u5224\u65ad\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6，\u770b\u7684\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u643a\u5e26\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8eab\u4efd（UID），\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5206\u5f00，\u540e\u9762\u770b PRI\u3001NI \u548c\u8c03\u5ea6\u961f\u5217\u65f6\u5c31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u4e32\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001PRI\u3001NI \u4e0e nice<\/h2>\n

1. ps \u91cc\u7684 PRI \u548c NI<\/h3>\n

\u5148\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4：<\/p>\n

ps<\/span> -l<\/span> -p<\/span> $$<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fa\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b，PID \u4f1a\u968f\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316：<\/p>\n

F S UID PID PPID C PRI NI ADDR SZ WCHAN TTY TIME CMD
\n0 S 1000 4217 4216 0 80 0 – 2780 wait pts\/0 00:00:00 bash<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u91cc，UID\u3001PID\u3001PPID\u3001PRI\u3001NI \u6700\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u3002\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • NI：nice \u503c，\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u4fee\u6b63\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n
  • PRI：\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u663e\u793a\u503c\u3002\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f，\u8d8a\u65e9\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    PRI \u4e0d\u662f\u6743\u9650，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u201c\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8bc4\u5206\u201d，\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u8c03\u5ea6\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. nice \u662f\u4fee\u6b63\u503c，\u4e0d\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u672c\u8eab<\/h3>\n

    nice \u7684\u53d6\u503c\u8303\u56f4\u662f -20 \u5230 19，\u4e00\u5171 40 \u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u662f 0\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5b83\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5f88\u5f62\u8c61：nice \u503c\u8d8a\u9ad8，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u522b\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d8a\u201c\u5ba2\u6c14\u201d，\u8d8a\u613f\u610f\u628a CPU \u8ba9\u51fa\u6765，\u6240\u4ee5\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u4f4e；nice \u503c\u8d8a\u4f4e，\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8d8a\u201c\u4e0d\u5ba2\u6c14\u201d，\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 ps \u663e\u793a\u53e3\u5f84\u4e0b，\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u57fa\u51c6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210：<\/p>\n

    PRI = 80 + nice<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u628a 80 \u770b\u4f5c\u57fa\u51c6\u503c，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5199\u6210 PRI(new) = PRI(old) + nice\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 PRI(old) \u662f\u57fa\u51c6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b21 renice \u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c renice \u662f\u8986\u76d6 nice \u503c，\u4e0d\u662f\u628a\u5dee\u503c\u4e00\u6b21\u6b21\u7d2f\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4f1a\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u523b\u5ea6\u663e\u793a\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8c03\u5ea6\u503e\u5411：<\/p>\n\n\u663e\u793a\u6216\u5185\u6838\u53e3\u5f84nice = 0nice = -20nice = 19\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n
    ps -l \u7684 PRI<\/td>\n80<\/td>\n60<\/td>\n99<\/td>\n\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 procps \u663e\u793a\u65b9\u5f0f，80 + nice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u5185\u6838\u666e\u901a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/td>\n120<\/td>\n100<\/td>\n139<\/td>\nO(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u961f\u5217\u7684\u4e0b\u6807，120 + nice<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    top \u7684 PR<\/td>\n20<\/td>\n0<\/td>\n39<\/td>\n\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u663e\u793a\u53e3\u5f84；\u5b9e\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u663e\u793a\u4e3a\u8d1f\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u8868\u91cc\u8fd9\u4e09\u5957\u6570\u5b57\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837，\u65b9\u5411\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684：\u6570\u503c\u8d8a\u5c0f，\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u5199\u76d1\u63a7\u811a\u672c\u65f6，\u4e0d\u8981\u628a top \u7684 PR \u548c ps \u7684 PRI \u76f4\u63a5\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u6bd4\u8f83，\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u628a\u5c3a\u5b50\u3002\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u6700\u7ec8\u6bd4\u8f83\u7684，\u662f task_struct \u91cc\u7684\u6574\u6570\u5b57\u6bb5；ps \u548c top \u53ea\u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u6bb5\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u663e\u793a\u53e3\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n

    ps \u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8f93\u51fa\u683c\u5f0f\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6362\u523b\u5ea6：ps -l \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u662f 80 \u57fa\u51c6，ps -o pri \u53ef\u80fd\u7ed9\u51fa\u53e6\u4e00\u7ec4\u503c\u3002\u770b\u5230 PRI \u5217\u65f6\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u79cd\u683c\u5f0f，\u4e0d\u8981\u8de8\u683c\u5f0f\u5957 80 + nice\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5185\u6838\u5185\u90e8\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7761\u7720\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u884c\u4e3a\u505a\u52a8\u6001\u4fee\u6b63，\u4f46\u7528\u6237\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684 nice \u59cb\u7ec8\u662f\u57fa\u51c6\u4fee\u6b63\u91cf\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4fee\u6b63\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e0a\u9650，\u5426\u5219\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u9760\u523b\u610f\u7761\u7720\u3001\u5524\u9192\u6765\u64cd\u7eb5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u5185\u6838\u7248\u672c\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u89c4\u5219\u4e0d\u540c，\u770b\u8c03\u5ea6\u884c\u4e3a\u65f6\u8981\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7248\u672c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3a\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n

    3. \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8303\u56f4\u4e0e\u9965\u997f<\/h3>\n

    \u5728 ps \u7684\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53e3\u5f84\u4e0b，PRI \u843d\u5728 60 \u5230 99 \u4e4b\u95f4，\u5bf9\u5e94 nice \u7684 -20 \u5230 19\u3002\u5185\u6838\u961f\u5217\u91cc\u5219\u662f 100 \u5230 139\u3002\u4e24\u5957\u523b\u5ea6\u5404\u6709 40 \u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b，\u6570\u503c\u4e0a\u76f8\u5dee 40\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5dee\u8ddd\u8fc7\u5927\u65f6，\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u62a2\u4e0d\u5230 CPU，\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9965\u997f\u3002<\/p>\n

    nice \u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u504f\u5411\u201d，\u4e0d\u662f\u786c\u5b9e\u65f6\u4fdd\u8bc1\u3002\u628a\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 nice \u8c03\u5230 -20，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u5b83\u53d8\u6210\u5b9e\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5b9e\u65f6\u7b56\u7565（\u5982 SCHED_FIFO\u3001SCHED_RR）\u4f7f\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u6bb5\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u533a\u95f4，\u5b9e\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u4f1a\u6392\u5728\u6240\u6709\u666e\u901a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e4b\u524d\u3002\u9664\u975e\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4fdd\u969c，\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u8981\u7528\u6781\u7aef nice \u503c\u53bb\u6a21\u62df\u5b9e\u65f6\u884c\u4e3a，\u5bb9\u6613\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\u997f\u6b7b\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e09\u3001\u67e5\u770b\u4e0e\u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h2>\n

    1. \u7528 ps \u548c top \u89c2\u5bdf<\/h3>\n

    \u67e5\u770b\u67d0\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 nice \u548c PRI：<\/p>\n

    ps<\/span> -l<\/span> -p<\/span> 4301<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6301\u7eed\u89c2\u5bdf：<\/p>\n

    top<\/span> -p<\/span> 4301<\/span><\/p>\n

    top \u91cc\u7684 PR \u662f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u663e\u793a\u503c，NI \u662f nice \u503c\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u663e\u793a PR = 20\u3001NI = 0，\u8fd9\u548c ps \u7684 80 \u662f\u4e24\u5957\u523b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5728 top \u91cc\u6309 r，\u8f93\u5165\u8fdb\u7a0b PID，\u518d\u8f93\u5165\u65b0\u7684 nice \u503c，\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u6574\u5df2\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b，\u6548\u679c\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21 renice\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. \u7528 nice \u548c renice \u8c03\u6574<\/h3>\n

    \u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u65f6\u76f4\u63a5\u6307\u5b9a nice：<\/p>\n

    nice<\/span> -n<\/span> 10<\/span> .\/cpu_task<\/p>\n

    nice -n 10 \u8868\u793a\u4ee5 nice 10 \u542f\u52a8，\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6bd4\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4f4e\u3002\u9002\u5408\u7f16\u8bd1\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u3001\u6279\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u7c7b\u201c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6162\u4e00\u70b9，\u4f46\u522b\u6321\u4f4f\u4ea4\u4e92\u201d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u8c03\u6574\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b：<\/p>\n

    renice<\/span> -n<\/span> 5<\/span> -p<\/span> 4301<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u6b63\u6570\u8868\u793a\u964d\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u8981\u8c03\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u9700\u8981\u8d1f\u7684 nice \u503c：<\/p>\n

    sudo<\/span> renice<\/span> -n<\/span> -5<\/span> -p<\/span> 4301<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u80fd\u628a nice \u8c03\u5927，\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u964d\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7；\u628a nice \u8c03\u5c0f\u9700\u8981 root \u6216 CAP_SYS_NICE \u80fd\u529b，\u67d0\u4e9b\u73af\u5883\u8fd8\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230 RLIMIT_NICE（\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236）\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u628a nice \u4ece 0 \u8c03\u5230 10 \u540e，\u666e\u901a\u7528\u6237\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u518d\u8c03\u56de 0\u3002<\/p>\n

    renice \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u6216\u7528\u6237\u6279\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c，\u5206\u522b\u4f7f\u7528 -g \u548c -u\u3002\u6279\u91cf\u8c03\u6574\u524d\u5148\u786e\u8ba4\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4，\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u4e0d\u8981\u628a\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u4e00\u8d77\u964d\u6743\u3002<\/p>\n

    3. \u7528\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

    \u9700\u8981\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u91cc\u8bfb\u53d6\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e nice，\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 getpriority \u548c setpriority：<\/p>\n

    #<\/span>include<\/span> <sys\/resource.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <errno.h><\/span><\/span>
    \n#<\/span>include<\/span> <stdio.h><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span>
    \n{<\/span>
    \n errno =<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n int<\/span> prio =<\/span> getpriority<\/span>(<\/span>PRIO_PROCESS,<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n if<\/span> (<\/span>prio ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span> &&<\/span> errno !=<\/span> 0<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"getpriority"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n printf<\/span>(<\/span>"nice = %d\\\\n"<\/span>,<\/span> prio)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

    if<\/span> (<\/span>setpriority<\/span>(<\/span>PRIO_PROCESS,<\/span> 0<\/span>,<\/span> 10<\/span>)<\/span> ==<\/span> –<\/span>1<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
    \n perror<\/span>(<\/span>"setpriority"<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 1<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n }<\/span>
    \n return<\/span> 0<\/span>;<\/span>
    \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u7f16\u8bd1\u5e76\u8fd0\u884c：<\/p>\n

    gcc -Wall<\/span> -Wextra<\/span> -o<\/span> prio_demo prio_demo.c
    \n.\/prio_demo<\/p>\n

    \u51e0\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u542b\u4e49：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • which \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f PRIO_PROCESS\u3001PRIO_PGRP \u6216 PRIO_USER，\u5206\u522b\u8868\u793a\u6309\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u3001\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/li>\n
    • who \u4e3a 0 \u65f6\u8868\u793a\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3001\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u6216\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u3002<\/li>\n
    • getpriority \u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f nice \u503c，\u4e0d\u662f ps \u91cc\u7684 PRI\u3002\u4e0d\u8981\u62ff\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u548c 80 \u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f83\u3002<\/li>\n
    • getpriority \u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u8fd4\u56de -1，\u4f46\u5408\u6cd5\u7684 nice \u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f -1，\u6240\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528\u524d\u8981\u628a errno \u6e05\u96f6，\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u518d\u68c0\u67e5 errno\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u628a nice \u8c03\u5927\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6743；\u628a nice \u8c03\u5c0f\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5b98\u65b9\u624b\u518c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u7801\u5199\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a，\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u9605 getpriority(2)\u3002<\/p>\n

      4. \u8c03\u6574\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u8fb9\u754c<\/h3>\n

      nice \u53ea\u5f71\u54cd CPU \u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7ade\u4e89，\u4e0d\u89e3\u51b3 I\/O \u74f6\u9888\u3002\u78c1\u76d8\u8bfb\u5199\u6162\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u5f85\u957f，\u8c03 nice \u6ca1\u6709\u7528，\u8fd9\u65f6\u8981\u770b I\/O \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6216\u5b58\u50a8\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u541e\u5410\u3002I\/O \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u673a\u5236，\u6548\u679c\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 I\/O \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u91cc，nice \u8fd8\u8981\u548c cgroup（\u63a7\u5236\u7ec4）\u7684 CPU \u6743\u91cd\u3001\u914d\u989d\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u3002\u5bb9\u5668\u5185\u628a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8c03\u6210\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7a81\u7834\u4e0a\u5c42\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684 CPU \u9650\u989d；\u5b83\u53ea\u662f\u6539\u53d8\u540c\u4e00\u63a7\u5236\u7ec4\u5185\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u53e6\u5916，\u8d1f nice \u503c\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u6027\u80fd\u5f00\u5173\u201d\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a CPU \u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u5373\u4f7f\u62ff\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u666e\u901a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u4e5f\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u65f6\u66f4\u65e9\u3001\u66f4\u9891\u7e41\u5730\u62ff\u5230 CPU，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u63d0\u9ad8\u5355\u6838\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u65f6，\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565，\u5e76\u540c\u65f6\u8bc4\u4f30\u5b83\u5bf9\u7cfb\u7edf\u5176\u4ed6\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u56db\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5207\u6362：\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u4efd，\u6062\u590d\u53e6\u4e00\u4efd<\/h2>\n

      \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

      1. \u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u8ba9 CPU \u80fd\u88ab\u6536\u56de<\/h3>\n

      \u666e\u901a\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u5206\u65f6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d，\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5373\u4f7f\u5199\u4e86\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af，\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6c38\u8fdc\u5360\u7740 CPU \u4e0d\u653e：<\/p>\n

      int<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>void<\/span>)<\/span>
      \n{<\/span>
      \n for<\/span> (<\/span>;<\/span>;<\/span>)<\/span> {<\/span>
      \n }<\/span>
      \n}<\/span><\/p>\n

      \u8fd9\u6bb5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u4e00\u76f4\u5904\u4e8e\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u72b6\u6001，\u4f46\u5185\u6838\u4f1a\u5728\u65f6\u949f\u4e2d\u65ad\u5230\u6765\u65f6\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u5b8c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u3002\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u5230\u4e86，\u5c31\u628a CPU \u6536\u8d70，\u6362\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u8dd1\u6ee1，\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6574\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u5931\u53bb\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u89e6\u53d1\u5207\u6362\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u4e09\u7c7b：<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7528\u5b8c\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3b\u52a8\u963b\u585e，\u4f8b\u5982\u7b49\u5f85 I\/O\u3001\u7761\u7720\u6216\u83b7\u53d6\u9501\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u88ab\u5524\u9192，\u5185\u6838\u51b3\u5b9a\u7acb\u5373\u62a2\u5360\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        2. \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48<\/h3>\n

        CPU \u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4efd，\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u201c\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u5feb\u7167\u201d\u3002\u5207\u6362\u65f6\u4fdd\u5b58\u7684\u662f CPU \u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u72b6\u6001，\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5185\u5b58：<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u7a0b\u5e8f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668 PC，\u5728 x86-64 \u4e0a\u662f RIP，\u6307\u5411\u4e0b\u4e00\u6761\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u6808\u6307\u9488 SP，\u6307\u5411\u5f53\u524d\u7528\u6237\u6808\u6216\u5185\u6838\u6808\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u4f8b\u5982 RAX\u3001RBX\u3001RCX\u3001RDX\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u6807\u5fd7\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u4fdd\u5b58\u6761\u4ef6\u7801\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u6d6e\u70b9\u3001SIMD \u7b49\u6269\u5c55\u72b6\u6001，\u6309\u9700\u4fdd\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u72b6\u6001，\u4f8b\u5982\u9875\u8868\u57fa\u5740\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668 CR3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u53ef\u4ee5\u628a CPU \u60f3\u6210\u4e00\u95f4\u53ea\u80fd\u5750\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4，\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u662f\u4e00\u5f20\u5f20\u684c\u5b50，\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u684c\u9762\u4e0a\u6b63\u5728\u644a\u5f00\u7684\u7eb8\u3002\u8fdb\u7a0b A \u88ab\u6362\u4e0b\u65f6，\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7eb8\u6536\u8fdb A \u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u888b；\u8fdb\u7a0b B \u4e0a\u6765\u65f6，\u518d\u628a B \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u888b\u644a\u5f00\u3002\u684c\u5b50\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5f20，\u6587\u4ef6\u888b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

          3. \u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u54ea\u91cc<\/h3>\n

          \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，\u5373\u5404\u7c7b\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u73b0\u573a，\u4e3b\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u88ab\u6362\u51fa\u4efb\u52a1\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6808\u4e2d\u3002\u4efb\u52a1\u88ab\u6362\u51fa\u65f6，\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u538b\u5165\u8be5\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5185\u6838\u6808，\u5f85\u8be5\u4efb\u52a1\u518d\u6b21\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u65f6\u518d\u4ece\u6808\u4e2d\u6062\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n

          task_struct \u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684 thread_struct \u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u653e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668，\u5b83\u53ea\u8bb0\u5f55\u82e5\u5e72\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u73b0\u573a\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5，\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\u5185\u6838\u6808\u6307\u9488 sp（\u6307\u5411\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u6838\u6808），\u6b64\u5916\u8fd8\u6709 FPU \u6d6e\u70b9\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u72b6\u6001\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u7b80\u8a00\u4e4b：\u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u7684\u73b0\u573a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u6838\u6808\u4e0a，\u5185\u6838\u6808\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u6d6e\u70b9\u72b6\u6001\u5219\u7531task_struct \u4e2d\u7684 thread_struct \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u65e9\u671f x86 \u63d0\u4f9b\u786c\u4ef6\u4efb\u52a1\u5207\u6362\u673a\u5236，\u4efb\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u6bb5 TSS \u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587，Linux 0.11 \u7684 task_struct \u4e2d\u5373\u53ef\u770b\u5230 tss_struct\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3 Linux \u6539\u7528\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362，TSS \u4ecd\u7136\u4fdd\u7559，\u4f46\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7528\u6237\u6001\u5207\u6362\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6001\u65f6\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u6838\u6808\u6307\u9488，\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u901a\u7528\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u73b0\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u5185\u6838\u901a\u8fc7 current \u5b8f\u83b7\u53d6\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684 task_struct\u3002\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u9009\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u540e，\u5c06 current \u5207\u6362\u5230\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1，\u518d\u6062\u590d\u5176\u73b0\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

          4. \u5207\u6362\u7684\u6210\u672c<\/h3>\n

          \u76f4\u63a5\u6210\u672c\u5305\u62ec\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u590d\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u52a0\u9501，\u4ee5\u53ca\u5207\u6362\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u95f4\u63a5\u6210\u672c\u5f80\u5f80\u66f4\u5927：\u65b0\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u96c6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u5728 CPU \u7f13\u5b58\u91cc，\u9875\u8868\u548c TLB（\u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u7f13\u5b58）\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0，\u5206\u652f\u9884\u6d4b\u5668\u4e5f\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u9002\u5e94\u3002\u5207\u6362\u8d8a\u9891\u7e41，\u8fd9\u4e9b\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u70ed\u8eab\u201d\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u8d8a\u660e\u663e\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 GNU time \u89c2\u5bdf\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u5207\u6362\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21：<\/p>\n

          \/usr\/bin\/time -v<\/span> .\/cpu_task<\/p>\n

          \u5982\u679c\u63d0\u793a\u627e\u4e0d\u5230 \/usr\/bin\/time，\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5 GNU time \u5305；shell \u5185\u7f6e\u7684 time \u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b -v \u9009\u9879\u3002\u8f93\u51fa\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u884c\u503c\u5f97\u770b：<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Voluntary context switches：\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3b\u52a8\u8ba9\u51fa CPU，\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7761\u7720\u3001\u7b49\u5f85 I\/O \u6216\u963b\u585e\u3002<\/li>\n
          • Involuntary context switches：\u4efb\u52a1\u5e76\u4e0d\u60f3\u8d70，\u4f46\u88ab\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u6216\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4efb\u52a1\u62a2\u5360\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u80fd\u5e2e\u52a9\u5224\u65ad\u5207\u6362\u4e3b\u8981\u6765\u81ea\u963b\u585e\u8fd8\u662f\u62a2\u5360，\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u503c\u4f1a\u968f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u4e0d\u662f\u8d8a\u5c11\u8d8a\u597d：\u5207\u6362\u592a\u5c11，\u4ea4\u4e92\u5ef6\u8fdf\u53d8\u5dee；\u5207\u6362\u592a\u591a，\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u88ab\u5f00\u9500\u5403\u6389\u3002\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u505a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u627e\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u4e94\u3001O(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668：\u5e38\u6570\u65f6\u95f4\u6311\u51fa\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

            \u4e0b\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u662f Linux 2.6 \u65e9\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 O(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u3002\u5b83\u5728 2.6.23 \u4e4b\u540e\u88ab CFS（\u5b8c\u5168\u516c\u5e73\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668）\u53d6\u4ee3，\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u6838\u53c8\u8f6c\u5411 EEVDF（Earliest Eligible Virtual Deadline First）\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u751f\u4ea7\u5185\u6838\u91cc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u5957\u6570\u7ec4，\u4f46\u5b83\u628a\u201c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217 + \u4f4d\u56fe + \u6d3b\u52a8\/\u8fc7\u671f\u53cc\u6570\u7ec4\u201d\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a，\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u597d\u6837\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

            1. \u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u4e00\u4e2a runqueue<\/h3>\n

            O(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u961f\u5217，\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53eb rq\u3002\u51e0\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f：<\/p>\n

            struct<\/span> rq<\/span> {<\/span>
            \n unsigned<\/span> long<\/span> nr_running;<\/span>
            \n struct<\/span> task_struct<\/span> *<\/span>curr,<\/span> *<\/span>idle;<\/span>
            \n struct<\/span> mm_struct<\/span> *<\/span>prev_mm;<\/span>
            \n struct<\/span> prio_array<\/span> *<\/span>active,<\/span> *<\/span>expired,<\/span> arrays[<\/span>2<\/span>]<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n int<\/span> best_expired_prio;<\/span>
            \n \/* … *\/<\/span>
            \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            nr_running \u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u91cf，curr \u662f\u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1，idle \u662f\u7a7a\u95f2\u4efb\u52a1\u3002active \u548c expired \u5206\u522b\u6307\u5411\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u548c\u8fc7\u671f\u6570\u7ec4，arrays[2] \u662f\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u81ea\u5df1\u7ef4\u62a4\u961f\u5217，\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u591a\u6838\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u9501\u7ade\u4e89\u3002\u591a\u4e2a CPU \u4e4b\u95f4\u8fd8\u8981\u505a SMP（\u5bf9\u79f0\u591a\u5904\u7406）\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861，\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a CPU \u5fd9\u5f97\u6392\u961f\u3001\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a CPU \u7a7a\u95f2\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u8fc1\u79fb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec6\u8282\u4e0d\u5728\u672c\u6587\u5c55\u5f00，\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u201c\u6bcf\u4e2a CPU \u4e00\u4e2a runqueue\u201d\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

            2. 140 \u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217<\/h3>\n

            \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u6570\u7ec4 prio_array \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a 140 \u7684\u961f\u5217\u6570\u7ec4：<\/p>\n

            struct<\/span> prio_array<\/span> {<\/span>
            \n unsigned<\/span> int<\/span> nr_active;<\/span>
            \n DECLARE_BITMAP<\/span>(<\/span>bitmap,<\/span> MAX_PRIO +<\/span> 1<\/span>)<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n struct<\/span> list_head<\/span> queue[<\/span>MAX_PRIO]<\/span>;<\/span>
            \n}<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

            queue[140] \u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u5934\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0b\u6807\u5c31\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u76f8\u540c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6309 FIFO（\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa）\u6302\u5728\u8fd9\u6761\u94fe\u8868\u4e0a\u3002\u8c03\u5ea6\u65f6\u53d6\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u7684\u4efb\u52a1，\u5165\u961f\u65f6\u6302\u5230\u94fe\u8868\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8fd9 140 \u4e2a\u4e0b\u6807\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u6bb5：<\/p>\n

              \n
            • 0 \u5230 99：\u5b9e\u65f6\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u3002<\/li>\n
            • 100 \u5230 139：\u666e\u901a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7，\u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7ade\u4e89\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              \u666e\u901a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u961f\u5217\u4e0b\u6807\u7531 nice \u503c\u51b3\u5b9a：<\/p>\n

              static_prio = 120 + nice<\/p>\n

              nice \u4e3a -20 \u65f6\u4e0b\u6807\u662f 100，nice \u4e3a 19 \u65f6\u4e0b\u6807\u662f 139\u3002nice \u8d8a\u5c0f，\u4e0b\u6807\u8d8a\u5c0f，\u8d8a\u65e9\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u770b\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

              3. bitmap：\u5148\u627e\u961f\u5217，\u518d\u627e\u4efb\u52a1<\/h3>\n

              \u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u4ece queue[0] \u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5 140 \u4e2a\u961f\u5217，\u867d\u7136\u4e0a\u9650\u56fa\u5b9a，\u4f46\u5e38\u6570\u4ecd\u7136\u504f\u5927\u3002O(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7528\u4e00\u5f20\u4f4d\u56fe\u6765\u52a0\u901f：<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u4f4d\u4e3a 1 \u8868\u793a\u961f\u5217\u975e\u7a7a，\u4e3a 0 \u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u627e\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3a 1 \u7684\u4f4d，\u5c31\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u975e\u7a7a\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                \u5728 32 \u4f4d\u5185\u6838\u4e0a，bitmap[5] \u662f 5 \u4e2a 32 \u4f4d\u5b57，\u4e00\u5171 160 \u4f4d，\u8db3\u591f\u8986\u76d6 140 \u4e2a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3002\u67e5\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f6e\u4f4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 sched_find_first_bit \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u539f\u8bed\u5b8c\u6210，\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u9010\u6761\u904d\u5386\u4efb\u52a1\u94fe\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u533a\u5206\u4e24\u4e2a\u201c\u5e38\u6570\u201d：<\/p>\n

                  \n
                • \u626b\u63cf 140 \u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684，\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u662f O(1)\u3002<\/li>\n
                • \u4f4d\u56fe\u628a\u67e5\u627e\u6210\u672c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u538b\u4f4e，\u800c\u4e14\u67e5\u627e\u6210\u672c\u4e0d\u968f\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                  O(1) \u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u6311\u9009\u6210\u672c\u4e0e\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u91cf\u65e0\u5173：100 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u548c 10000 \u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1，\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u90fd\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4f4d\u56fe\u91cc\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u7a7a\u961f\u5217，\u7136\u540e\u53d6\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n

                  4. active \u548c expired<\/h3>\n

                  prio_array \u6709\u4e24\u4efd，\u4e00\u4efd\u662f\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4，\u4e00\u4efd\u662f\u8fc7\u671f\u6570\u7ec4：<\/p>\n

                    \n
                  • \u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u91cc\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u8fd8\u6709\u5269\u4f59\u65f6\u95f4\u7247，\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u8fc7\u671f\u6570\u7ec4\u91cc\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u5b8c，\u7b49\u5f85\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                    \u5f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u9010\u6e10\u88ab\u5904\u7406\u5b8c，\u8fc7\u671f\u6570\u7ec4\u4f1a\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6ee1\u3002\u7b49\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u7a7a\u4e86，\u5185\u6838\u53ea\u8981\u4ea4\u6362 active \u548c expired \u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488，\u539f\u6765\u7684\u8fc7\u671f\u6570\u7ec4\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4：<\/p>\n

                    swap<\/span>(<\/span>active,<\/span> expired)<\/span>;<\/span><\/p>\n

                    \u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u628a 140 \u6761\u94fe\u8868\u6574\u4f53\u642c\u8fc7\u53bb，\u53ea\u662f\u4ea4\u6362\u4e24\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u3002\u6362\u5165\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u95f4\u7247，\u83b7\u5f97\u4e0b\u4e00\u8f6e\u8fd0\u884c\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \"\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u63d2\u5165\u56fe\u7247\u63cf\u8ff0\"<\/p>\n

                    \u8fd9\u79cd\u53cc\u6570\u7ec4\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8ba9\u201c\u7528\u5b8c\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8fd8\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u201d\u81ea\u7136\u5206\u5f00\u3002\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u53cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u201c\u662f\u5426\u8fd8\u6709\u914d\u989d\u201d，\u53ea\u8981\u770b\u4e24\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n

                    5. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb O(1)<\/h3>\n

                    \u628a\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u5ea6\u62c6\u5f00\u770b：<\/p>\n

                  • \u4ece\u5f53\u524d CPU \u7684 rq \u91cc\u53d6\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u5728 bitmap \u4e2d\u627e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f6e 1 \u7684\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u53d6\u5bf9\u5e94 queue \u7684\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u5982\u679c\u9009\u4e2d\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0d\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u4efb\u52a1，\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n

                    \u5165\u961f\u548c\u51fa\u961f\u90fd\u662f\u94fe\u8868\u64cd\u4f5c，\u67e5\u627e\u961f\u5217\u662f\u4f4d\u56fe\u64cd\u4f5c，\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0d\u968f\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u6570\u91cf\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f，\u6240\u4ee5\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a O(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u4f46 O(1) \u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u96f6\u6210\u672c\u3002\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4ecd\u7136\u8981\u52a0\u9501\u3001\u7ef4\u62a4 nr_running\u3001\u5904\u7406\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u53d8\u5316\u3001\u505a SMP \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861，\u8fd8\u8981\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7528\u5b8c\u65f6\u628a\u4efb\u52a1\u4ece\u6d3b\u52a8\u6570\u7ec4\u79fb\u5230\u8fc7\u671f\u6570\u7ec4\u3002O(1) \u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u662f\u201c\u9009\u62e9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u201d，\u4e0d\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n

                    6. \u5386\u53f2\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5c40\u9650<\/h3>\n

                    O(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5728 Linux 2.6 \u65e9\u671f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u5927\u65f6\u53d8\u6162\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u6839\u636e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7761\u7720\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u884c\u4e3a\u5224\u65ad\u201c\u4ea4\u4e92\u6027\u201d，\u5e76\u7ed9\u4ea4\u4e92\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8865\u507f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\u5bb9\u6613\u5224\u65ad\u5931\u8bef，\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u4e5f\u4e0d\u591f\u7406\u60f3\u3002<\/p>\n

                    Linux 2.6.23 \u5f15\u5165\u4e86 CFS，\u7528\u865a\u62df\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u4efb\u52a1，\u9009\u62e9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u53d8\u6210 O(log n)，\u4f46\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u5185\u6838\u4f7f\u7528 EEVDF\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u5728 ps \u6216 top \u91cc\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u770b\u5230 PRI \u548c NI，\u4f46\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u8fd9\u5957 140 \u4e2a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u5728 CFS \u91cc，nice \u4e3b\u8981\u6298\u7b97\u6210\u6743\u91cd，\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u662f CPU \u4efd\u989d，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f O(1) \u90a3\u79cd\u56fa\u5b9a\u961f\u5217\u7684\u5148\u540e\u987a\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u53ef\u4ee5\u628a O(1) \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u6837\u672c：\u5b83\u628a\u201c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u5982\u4f55\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u961f\u5217\u201d\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u4f4d\u56fe\u5feb\u901f\u627e\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u201d\u201c\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u53cc\u6570\u7ec4\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u201d\u8bb2\u5f97\u5f88\u76f4\u89c2\u3002\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u6784，\u518d\u53bb\u770b CFS \u7684\u7ea2\u9ed1\u6811，\u4f1a\u5bb9\u6613\u5f88\u591a\u3002CFS \u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u8c03\u5ea6\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003 \u5185\u6838\u8c03\u5ea6\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u516d\u3001\u628a\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4e32\u8d77\u6765<\/h2>\n

                    \u73b0\u5728\u628a\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001\u8c03\u5ea6\u548c\u5207\u6362\u653e\u56de\u540c\u4e00\u6761\u65f6\u95f4\u7ebf\u4e0a：<\/p>\n

                  • \u8fdb\u7a0b A \u6b63\u5728 CPU \u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c，\u5b83\u7684\u5bc4\u5b58\u5668\u73b0\u573a\u88c5\u5728 CPU \u91cc\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u65f6\u949f\u4e2d\u65ad\u5230\u6765，A \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7247\u7528\u5b8c；\u6216\u8005 A \u963b\u585e，\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684 B \u88ab\u5524\u9192\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u5185\u6838\u8fdb\u5165\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668，\u5728\u5f53\u524d CPU \u7684 runqueue \u91cc\u627e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u901a\u8fc7\u4f4d\u56fe\u627e\u5230\u6700\u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u975e\u7a7a\u961f\u5217，\u53d6\u51fa\u94fe\u8868\u5934\u7684 B\u3002<\/li>\n
                  • \u5185\u6838\u4fdd\u5b58 A \u7684\u73b0\u573a，\u6062\u590d B \u7684\u73b0\u573a，\u8fd4\u56de\u7528\u6237\u6001；A \u8fdb\u5165\u8fc7\u671f\u961f\u5217\u6216\u7b49\u5f85\u961f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n

                    \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u51b3\u5b9a A \u548c B \u5728\u961f\u5217\u91cc\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e，\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u51b3\u5b9a\u8fd9\u6b21\u9009\u8c01，\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u5207\u6362\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a CPU \u771f\u6b63\u4ea4\u51fa\u53bb\u3002\u4e09\u8005\u914d\u5408，\u624d\u6709\u4e86\u201c\u591a\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u540c\u65f6\u63a8\u8fdb\u201d\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n

                    \u4e03\u3001\u51e0\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u6df7\u6dc6\u7684\u70b9<\/h2>\n
                      \n
                    • nice \u4e0d\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u672c\u8eab\u3002 nice \u662f\u4fee\u6b63\u503c，PRI \u662f\u663e\u793a\u503c，\u5185\u6838\u961f\u5217\u4e0b\u6807\u53c8\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u523b\u5ea6，\u4e09\u8005\u65b9\u5411\u4e00\u81f4\u4f46\u6570\u503c\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0d\u662f\u6743\u9650\u3002 \u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ed5\u8fc7\u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650，\u4f4e\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7 root \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a nice \u9ad8\u5c31\u5931\u53bb\u6743\u9650\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u8fdb\u5165\u5185\u6838\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u53d1\u751f\u5207\u6362\u3002 \u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u4e2d\u65ad\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5185\u6838\u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u539f\u4efb\u52a1；\u53ea\u6709\u9009\u4e2d\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u624d\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u5b58\u548c\u6062\u590d\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • O(1) \u53ea\u63cf\u8ff0\u9009\u62e9\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u3002 \u771f\u5b9e\u8c03\u5ea6\u4ecd\u6709\u9501\u3001\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7684\u5f00\u9500；\u73b0\u4ee3\u5185\u6838\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6539\u7528 CFS \u548c EEVDF\u3002<\/li>\n
                    • \u9ad8\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u5b9e\u65f6\u3002 \u666e\u901a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 nice \u8303\u56f4\u53ea\u6709 -20 \u5230 19，\u5b9e\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u5957\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u548c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u533a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                      END<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                      \/* MD \/ \u5bcc\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684 .toc\uff08\u542b\u535a\u5ba2\u56ed\u642c\u5bb6\u7b49\u5d4c\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\uff09\uff1b.toc-box \u5728\u4fa7\u680f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd *\/#content_views .toc,\/* \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u5e38\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u524d\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u7a7a p\uff08:empty \u4ecd\u5360 20px\uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u5e76\u53bb\u6389\u907f\u514d\u9876\u7a7a\u9699 *\/#content_views.markdown_views > p:empty:has(+ .toc),#content_views.markdown_views > .toc + p:empty,\/* \u5bcc\u6587\u672c\u65e7\u7248\u76ee\u5f55\u6807\u8bb0 *\/#content<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":122334,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[58],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-122336","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server","tag-linux"],"yoast_head":"\nLinux \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u3001\u5207\u6362\u4e0e\u8c03\u5ea6 - 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