{"id":121296,"date":"2026-11-02T12:33:42","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T04:33:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/121296.html"},"modified":"2026-11-02T12:33:42","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T04:33:42","slug":"%e7%ac%ac7%e8%ae%b2%ef%bc%9a%e5%ba%93%e5%88%b6%e4%bd%9c%e4%b8%8e%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/121296.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c7\u8bb2\uff1a\u5e93\u5236\u4f5c\u4e0e\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u76ee\u5f55<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u672c\u8282\u91cd\u70b9<\/li>\n<li>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5e93<\/li>\n<li>2. \u9759\u6001\u5e93\n<ul>\n<li>2-1 \u9759\u6001\u5e93\u751f\u6210<\/li>\n<li>2-2 \u9759\u6001\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>3. \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\n<ul>\n<li>3-1 \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u751f\u6210<\/li>\n<li>3-2 \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<li>3-3 \u5e93\u8fd0\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>4. \u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u5e93&#xff08;\u8bfe\u540e\u5c1d\u8bd5&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>5. \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>6. ELF \u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>7. ELF \u4ece\u5f62\u6210\u5230\u52a0\u8f7d\u8f6e\u5ed3\n<ul>\n<li>7-1 ELF \u5f62\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c<\/li>\n<li>7-2 ELF \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u8f7d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>8. \u7406\u89e3\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0e\u52a0\u8f7d\n<ul>\n<li>8-1 \u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5<\/li>\n<li>8-2 ELF \u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li>8-3 \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u9644\u5f55&#xff1a;\u64cd\u4f5c\u5927\u5168<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u672c\u8282\u91cd\u70b9<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a8\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u5236\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u67e5\u627e<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f ELF \u683c\u5f0f<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/li>\n<li>\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5e93<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e93\u662f\u5199\u597d\u7684\u3001\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u3001\u6210\u719f\u7684\u3001\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u5f88\u591a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u5e93&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u90fd\u4ece\u96f6\u5f00\u59cb&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u5e93\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u610f\u4e49\u975e\u540c\u5bfb\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5e93\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5f62\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8f7d\u5165\u5185\u5b58\u6267\u884c\u3002\u5e93\u6709\u4e24\u79cd&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u5e93&#xff1a;.a&#xff08;Linux&#xff09;\u3001.lib&#xff08;Windows&#xff09;<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u5e93&#xff1a;.so&#xff08;Linux&#xff09;\u3001.dll&#xff08;Windows&#xff09;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># Ubuntu \u52a8\u9759\u6001\u5e93<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># C<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libc-2.31.so<br \/>\n-rwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> root root <span class=\"token number\">2029592<\/span> May  <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> 02:20 \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libc-2.31.so<\/p>\n<p>$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libc.a<br \/>\n-rw-r&#8211;r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> root root <span class=\"token number\">5747594<\/span> May  <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> 02:20 \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libc.a<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># C&#043;&#043;<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/usr\/lib\/gcc\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/9\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.so <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><br \/>\nlrwxrwxrwx <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> root root <span class=\"token number\">40<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">24<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2022<\/span> \/usr\/lib\/gcc\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/9\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.so &#8211;<span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">..<\/span>\/<span class=\"token punctuation\">..<\/span>\/<span class=\"token punctuation\">..<\/span>\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.so.6<\/p>\n<p>$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/usr\/lib\/gcc\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/9\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.a<br \/>\n\/usr\/lib\/gcc\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/9\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.a<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># CentOS \u52a8\u9759\u6001\u5e93<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># C<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/lib64\/libc-2.17.so <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><br \/>\n-rwxr-xr-x <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> root root <span class=\"token number\">2156592<\/span> Jun  <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">23<\/span>:05 \/lib64\/libc-2.17.so<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>whb&#064;bite-alicloud ~<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/lib64\/libc.a <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><br \/>\n-rw-r&#8211;r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> root root <span class=\"token number\">5105516<\/span> Jun  <span class=\"token number\">4<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">23<\/span>:05 \/lib64\/libc.a<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># C&#043;&#043;<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/lib64\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.so.6 <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><br \/>\nlrwxrwxrwx <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> root root <span class=\"token number\">19<\/span> Sep <span class=\"token number\">18<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span>:59 \/lib64\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.so.6 &#8211;<span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> libstdc&#043;&#043;.so.6.0.19<\/p>\n<p>$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span> \/usr\/lib\/gcc\/x86_64-redhat-linux\/4.8.2\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.a <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-l<\/span><br \/>\n-rw-r&#8211;r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> root root <span class=\"token number\">2932366<\/span> Sep <span class=\"token number\">30<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2020<\/span> \/usr\/lib\/gcc\/x86_64-redhat-linux\/4.8.2\/libstdc&#043;&#043;.a<\/p>\n<p>\u9884\u5907\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff1a;\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u5386\u53f2\u5c01\u88c5\u7684 libc \u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65b0\u589e\u201c\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>my_stdio.h&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">pragma<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\">once<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">SIZE<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">1024<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">FLUSH_NONE<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">FLUSH_LINE<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">FLUSH_FULL<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">IO_FILE<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> flag<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5237\u65b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> fileno<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6587\u4ef6\u63cf\u8ff0\u7b26<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> outbuffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>SIZE<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> cap<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> size<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ TODO<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">IO_FILE<\/span> mFILE<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token function\">mfopen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>filename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>mode<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mfwrite<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>ptr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> num<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mfflush<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mfclose<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>my_stdio.c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;my_stdio.h&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;string.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdlib.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/stat.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;sys\/types.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;fcntl.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token function\">mfopen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>filename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>mode<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> fd <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">strcmp<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mode<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;r&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        fd <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">open<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>filename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> O_RDONLY<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">strcmp<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mode<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;w&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        fd <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">open<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>filename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> O_CREAT <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> O_WRONLY <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> O_TRUNC<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0666<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">else<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">strcmp<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mode<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;a&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        fd <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">open<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>filename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> O_CREAT <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> O_WRONLY <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> O_APPEND<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0666<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>fd <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">NULL<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>mf <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token function\">malloc<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">sizeof<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mFILE<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">!<\/span>mf<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">close<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>fd<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">NULL<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    mf<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>fileno <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> fd<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    mf<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>flag <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> FLUSH_LINE<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    mf<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    mf<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>cap <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> SIZE<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> mf<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mfflush<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5199\u5230\u5185\u6838\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\u4e2d&#xff01;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">write<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>fileno<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>outbuffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5237\u65b0\u5230\u5916\u8bbe<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">fsync<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>fileno<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mfwrite<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>ptr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> num<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 1. \u62f7\u8d1d<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">memcpy<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>outbuffer <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> ptr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> num<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#061;<\/span> num<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ 2. \u68c0\u6d4b\u662f\u5426\u8981\u5237\u65b0<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>flag <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> FLUSH_LINE <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span> stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&amp;&amp;<\/span><br \/>\n        stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>outbuffer<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token char\">&#039;\\\\n&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">mfflush<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> num<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mfclose<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>size <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">mfflush<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">close<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stream<span class=\"token operator\">-&gt;<\/span>fileno<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>my_string.h&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">pragma<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\">once<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">my_strlen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>my_string.c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;my_string.h&#034;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">my_strlen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>end <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>end <span class=\"token operator\">!&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token char\">&#039;\\\\0&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        end<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> end <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>2. \u9759\u6001\u5e93<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u5e93&#xff08;.a&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u628a\u5e93\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5c06\u4e0d\u518d\u9700\u8981\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u7684\u662f\u9759\u6001\u5e93&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u662f\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u9ed8\u8ba4\u91c7\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u5e93 .so \u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u540c\u540d\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 GCC \u7684 -static \u9009\u9879\u5f3a\u5236\u94fe\u63a5\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2-1 \u9759\u6001\u5e93\u751f\u6210<\/h4>\n<p>libmystdio.a: my_stdio.o my_string.o<br \/>\n&#064;ar -rc $&#064; $^<br \/>\n&#064;echo &#034;build $^ to $&#064; &#8230; done&#034;<\/p>\n<p>%.o: %.c<br \/>\n&#064;gcc -c $&lt;<br \/>\n&#064;echo &#034;compiling $&lt; to $&#064; &#8230; done&#034;<\/p>\n<p>.PHONY: clean<br \/>\nclean:<br \/>\n&#064;rm -rf *.a *.o stdc*<br \/>\n&#064;echo &#034;clean &#8230; done&#034;<\/p>\n<p>.PHONY: output<br \/>\noutput:<br \/>\n&#064;mkdir -p stdc\/include<br \/>\n&#064;mkdir -p stdc\/lib<br \/>\n&#064;cp -f *.h stdc\/include<br \/>\n&#064;cp -f *.a stdc\/lib<br \/>\n&#064;tar -czf stdc.tgz stdc<br \/>\n&#064;echo &#034;output stdc &#8230; done&#034;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ar \u662f GNU \u5f52\u6863\u5de5\u5177&#xff0c;rc \u8868\u793a replace and create\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$ ar <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-tv<\/span> libmystdio.a<br \/>\nrw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1000<\/span>\/1000 <span class=\"token number\">2848<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:35 <span class=\"token number\">2024<\/span> my_stdio.o<br \/>\nrw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1000<\/span>\/1000 <span class=\"token number\">1272<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:35 <span class=\"token number\">2024<\/span> my_string.o<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>t&#xff1a;\u5217\u51fa\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>v&#xff08;verbose&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2-2 \u9759\u6001\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<p>\u5728\u4efb\u610f\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u65b0\u5efa main.c&#xff0c;\u5f15\u5165\u5e93\u5934\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;my_stdio.h&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;my_string.h&#034;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">const<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>s <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;abcdefg&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;%s: %d\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">my_strlen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    mFILE <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>fp <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">mfopen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;.\/log.txt&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;a&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>fp <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token constant\">NULL<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token function\">mfwrite<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">my_strlen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> fp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">mfwrite<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">my_strlen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> fp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">mfwrite<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">my_strlen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>s<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> fp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token function\">mfclose<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>fp<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u573a\u666f 1&#xff1a;\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b<\/span><br \/>\n$ gcc main.c <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lmystdio<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u573a\u666f 2&#xff1a;\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b<\/span><br \/>\n$ gcc main.c -L. <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lmystdio<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u573a\u666f 3&#xff1a;\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8def\u5f84<\/span><br \/>\n$ gcc main.c -I\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 -L\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lmystdio<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-L&#xff1a;\u6307\u5b9a\u5e93\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<li>-I&#xff1a;\u6307\u5b9a\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<li>-l&#xff1a;\u6307\u5b9a\u5e93\u540d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6d4b\u8bd5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u751f\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u5373\u4f7f\u5220\u9664\u9759\u6001\u5e93&#xff0c;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ecd\u53ef\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5173\u4e8e -static \u9009\u9879&#xff0c;\u7a0d\u540e\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u5f15\u5165\u5e93\u7684\u540d\u79f0&#xff1a;\u53bb\u6389\u524d\u7f00 lib&#xff0c;\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00 .so\u3001.a&#xff0c;\u5982 libc.so -&gt; c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u52a8\u6001\u5e93<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u5e93&#xff08;.so&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u624d\u53bb\u94fe\u63a5\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5171\u4eab\u4f7f\u7528\u5e93\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u5b83\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5165\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u8868&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u6240\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u673a\u5668\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb\u8fd0\u884c\u524d&#xff0c;\u5916\u90e8\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u673a\u5668\u7801\u7531\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4ece\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u590d\u5236\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5&#xff08;dynamic linking&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u95f4\u5171\u4eab&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u4f7f\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u66f4\u5c0f&#xff0c;\u8282\u7701\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u91c7\u7528\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u673a\u5236&#xff0c;\u8ba9\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4f9b\u6240\u6709\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u7528&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u8282\u7701\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3-1 \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u751f\u6210<\/h4>\n<p>libmystdio.so: my_stdio.o my_string.o<br \/>\ngcc -o $&#064; $^ -shared<\/p>\n<p>%.o: %.c<br \/>\ngcc -fPIC -c $&lt;<\/p>\n<p>.PHONY: clean<br \/>\nclean:<br \/>\n&#064;rm -rf *.so *.o stdc*<br \/>\n&#064;echo &#034;clean &#8230; done&#034;<\/p>\n<p>.PHONY: output<br \/>\noutput:<br \/>\n&#064;mkdir -p stdc\/include<br \/>\n&#064;mkdir -p stdc\/lib<br \/>\n&#064;cp -f *.h stdc\/include<br \/>\n&#064;cp -f *.so stdc\/lib<br \/>\n&#064;tar -czf stdc.tgz stdc<br \/>\n&#064;echo &#034;output stdc &#8230; done&#034;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>-shared&#xff1a;\u8868\u793a\u751f\u6210\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>-fPIC&#xff1a;\u4ea7\u751f\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65e0\u5173\u7801&#xff08;position independent code&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5e93\u540d\u89c4\u5219&#xff1a;libxxx.so\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3-2 \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528<\/h4>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u573a\u666f 1&#xff1a;\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u5b89\u88c5\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b<\/span><br \/>\n$ gcc main.c <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lmystdio<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u573a\u666f 2&#xff1a;\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b<\/span><br \/>\n$ gcc main.c -L. <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lmystdio<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\"># \u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u641c\u7d22 -L \u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u573a\u666f 3&#xff1a;\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u8def\u5f84<\/span><br \/>\n$ gcc main.c -I\u5934\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 -L\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84 <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lmystdio<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u67e5\u770b\u5e93\u6216\u8005\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56<\/span><br \/>\n$ ldd libmystdio.so<br \/>\nlinux-vdso.so.1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007fffacbbf000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\nlibc.so.6 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib64\/libc.so.6 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f8917335000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n\/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f8917905000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u4ee5\u573a\u666f 2 \u4e3a\u4f8b<\/span><br \/>\n$ ll<br \/>\ntotal <span class=\"token number\">24<\/span><br \/>\n-rwxrwxr-x <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb <span class=\"token number\">8592<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:50 libmystdio.so<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb  <span class=\"token number\">359<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">19<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">16<\/span>:07 main.c<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb  <span class=\"token number\">447<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:50 my_stdio.h<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb  <span class=\"token number\">447<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:50 my_string.h<\/p>\n<p>$ gcc main.c -L. <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-lmystdio<\/span><br \/>\n$ ll<br \/>\ntotal <span class=\"token number\">36<\/span><br \/>\n-rwxrwxr-x <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb <span class=\"token number\">8600<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:51 a.out<br \/>\n-rwxrwxr-x <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb <span class=\"token number\">8592<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:50 libmystdio.so<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb  <span class=\"token number\">359<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">19<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">16<\/span>:07 main.c<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb  <span class=\"token number\">447<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:50 my_stdio.h<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> whb whb  <span class=\"token number\">447<\/span> Oct <span class=\"token number\">29<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">14<\/span>:50 my_string.h<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>whb&#064;bite-alicloud other<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span>$ .\/a.out<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">..<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h4>3-3 \u5e93\u8fd0\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84<\/h4>\n<h5>3-3-1 \u95ee\u9898<\/h5>\n<p>$ ldd a.out<br \/>\nlinux-vdso.so.1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007fff4d396000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\nlibmystdio.so <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> not found<br \/>\nlibc.so.6 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib64\/libc.so.6 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007fa2aef30000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n\/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007fa2af2fe000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<h5>3-3-2 \u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u628a .so \u6587\u4ef6\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b&#xff0c;\u4e00\u822c\u6307 \/usr\/lib\u3001\/usr\/local\/lib\u3001\/lib64 \u6216\u5f00\u7bc7\u6307\u660e\u7684\u5e93\u8def\u5f84\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u5efa\u7acb\u540c\u540d\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u66f4\u6539\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf LD_LIBRARY_PATH\u3002<\/li>\n<li>ldconfig \u65b9\u6848&#xff1a;\u914d\u7f6e \/etc\/ld.so.conf.d\/&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 ldconfig \u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>root&#064;localhost linux<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token comment\"># cat \/etc\/ld.so.conf.d\/bit.conf<\/span><br \/>\n\/root\/tools\/linux<br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>root&#064;localhost linux<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token comment\"># ldconfig  # \u8981\u751f\u6548&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u6267\u884c ldconfig&#xff0c;\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e93\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84<\/span><\/p>\n<h3>4. \u4f7f\u7528\u5916\u90e8\u5e93&#xff08;\u8bfe\u540e\u5c1d\u8bd5&#xff09;<\/h3>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u592a\u591a\u5e93&#xff0c;\u552f\u4e00\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u7684\u5c31\u662f C\u3001C&#043;&#043; \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u63a8\u8350\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u5e93&#xff1a;ncurses\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u5b89\u88c5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\"># CentOS<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> yum <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-y<\/span> ncurses-devel<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># Ubuntu<\/span><br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">sudo<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">apt<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">install<\/span> <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-y<\/span> libncurses-dev<\/p>\n<p>\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5176\u5b9e\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e00\u7ec4\u4e92\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u3001\u7528\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u67d0\u9879\u5e38\u89c1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6784\u6210&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u7528\u6765\u5904\u7406\u5c4f\u5e55\u663e\u793a\u7684 ncurses \u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u793a\u4f8b\u4ee3\u7801\u7531\u201c\u6587\u5fc3\u4e00\u8a00\u201d\u751f\u6210\u5e76\u8c03\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7&#xff1b;\u53ef\u81ea\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u5177\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;string.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;ncurses.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;unistd.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">PROGRESS_BAR_WIDTH<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">BORDER_PADDING<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">WINDOW_WIDTH<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>PROGRESS_BAR_WIDTH <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> BORDER_PADDING <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u52a0\u8fb9\u6846\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">WINDOW_HEIGHT<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">PROGRESS_INCREMENT<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">3<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">define<\/span> <span class=\"token macro-name\">DELAY<\/span> <span class=\"token expression\"><span class=\"token number\">300000<\/span> <\/span><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5fae\u79d2&#xff08;300 \u6beb\u79d2&#xff09;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">initscr<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">start_color<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">init_pair<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> COLOR_GREEN<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> COLOR_BLACK<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;\u7eff\u8272\u524d\u666f&#xff0c;\u9ed1\u8272\u80cc\u666f<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">init_pair<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> COLOR_RED<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> COLOR_BLACK<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206&#xff1a;\u7ea2\u8272\u80cc\u666f&#xff08;\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u6f14\u793a&#xff09;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token function\">cbreak<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">noecho<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">curs_set<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>FALSE<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> max_y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> max_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">getmaxyx<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>stdscr<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> max_y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> max_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> start_y <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>max_y <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> WINDOW_HEIGHT<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> start_x <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>max_x <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> WINDOW_WIDTH<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    WINDOW <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span>win <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">newwin<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>WINDOW_HEIGHT<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> WINDOW_WIDTH<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> start_y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> start_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">box<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u52a0\u8fb9\u6846<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">wrefresh<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> progress <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> max_progress <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> PROGRESS_BAR_WIDTH<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token keyword\">while<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>progress <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&#061;<\/span> max_progress<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">werase<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6e05\u9664\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8ba1\u7b97\u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u8fdb\u5ea6\u548c\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u8fdb\u5ea6<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> completed <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> progress<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> remaining <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> max_progress <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> progress<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u663e\u793a\u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> bar_x <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> BORDER_PADDING <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684 x \u5750\u6807<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> bar_y <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>                  <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u8fdb\u5ea6\u6761\u5728\u7a97\u53e3\u4e2d\u7684 y \u5750\u6807&#xff08;\u5c45\u4e2d&#xff09;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5df2\u5b8c\u6210\u90e8\u5206<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">attron<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">COLOR_PAIR<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> completed<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> i<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">mvwprintw<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> bar_y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> bar_x <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;#&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">attroff<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token function\">COLOR_PAIR<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5269\u4f59\u90e8\u5206&#xff08;\u7528\u80cc\u666f\u8272\u586b\u5145&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">attron<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>A_BOLD <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">COLOR_PAIR<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u52a0\u7c97\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u80cc\u666f\u8272\u4e3a\u7ea2\u8272&#xff08;\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u6f14\u793a&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">for<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> completed<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;<\/span> max_progress<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> i<span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#043;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token function\">mvwprintw<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> bar_y<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> bar_x <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034; &#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">attroff<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>A_BOLD <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">COLOR_PAIR<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u663e\u793a\u767e\u5206\u6bd4<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> percent_str<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span><span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">snprintf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>percent_str<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">sizeof<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>percent_str<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#034;%d%%&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>progress <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">100<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> max_progress<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> percent_x <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>WINDOW_WIDTH <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">strlen<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>percent_str<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5c45\u4e2d\u663e\u793a<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">mvwprintw<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> WINDOW_HEIGHT <span class=\"token operator\">&#8211;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> percent_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> percent_str<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token function\">wrefresh<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5237\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u66f4\u65b0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u589e\u52a0\u8fdb\u5ea6<\/span><br \/>\n        progress <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;&#061;<\/span> PROGRESS_INCREMENT<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5ef6\u8fdf\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4<\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"token function\">usleep<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>DELAY<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6e05\u7406\u5e76\u9000\u51fa ncurses \u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">delwin<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>win<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">endwin<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043333-6ae8129d87030.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>5. \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4&#xff0c;\u5728 Windows \u4e0b\u88ab IDE \u5c01\u88c5\u5f97\u5f88\u5b8c\u5584&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u80fd\u4e00\u952e\u6784\u5efa&#xff0c;\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002\u4f46\u4e00\u65e6\u9047\u5230\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u94fe\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u9519\u8bef&#xff0c;\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u5c31\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56\u4e86\u3002\u5728 Linux \u4e0b&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e4b\u524d\u4e5f\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u5982\u4f55\u901a\u8fc7 GCC \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043333-6ae8129da7b9a.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u7f16\u8bd1\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u52a8\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u539f\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5148\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210 CPU \u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u5728\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6 hello.c \u4e2d\u7b80\u5355\u8f93\u51fa &#034;hello world!&#034;&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8c03\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a run \u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6 code.c \u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u8c03\u7528 gcc -c \u5206\u522b\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>hello.c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;hello world!\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>code.c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;running&#8230;\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># \u7f16\u8bd1\u4e24\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6<\/span><br \/>\n$ gcc <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-c<\/span> hello.c<br \/>\n$ gcc <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-c<\/span> code.c<br \/>\n$ <span class=\"token function\">ls<\/span><br \/>\ncode.c  code.o  hello.c  hello.o<\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u6269\u5c55\u540d\u4e3a .o \u7684\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u88ab\u79f0\u4f5c\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u90a3\u4e48\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u65e0\u9700\u6d6a\u8d39\u65f6\u95f4\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u8bd1\u6574\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3a ELF&#xff0c;\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5c01\u88c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ <span class=\"token function\">file<\/span> hello.o<br \/>\nhello.o: ELF <span class=\"token number\">64<\/span>-bit LSB relocatable, x86-64, version <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>SYSV<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span>, not stripped<\/p>\n<p>file \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u8fa8\u8bc6\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>6. ELF \u6587\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u7f16\u8bd1\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u7ec6\u8282&#xff0c;\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3 ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f ELF \u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;Relocatable File&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5373 xxx.o \u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u9002\u5408\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u94fe\u63a5\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u5171\u4eab\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;Executable File&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5373\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5171\u4eab\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;Shared Object File&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5373 xxx.so \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u8f6c\u50a8&#xff08;core dumps&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5b58\u653e\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6267\u884c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e dump \u4fe1\u53f7\u89e6\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56db\u90e8\u5206\u7ec4\u6210&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>ELF \u5934&#xff08;ELF header&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u63cf\u8ff0\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7279\u6027\u3002\u5b83\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6587\u4ef6\u5f00\u59cb\u5904&#xff0c;\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868&#xff08;Program header table&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5217\u4e3e\u6240\u6709\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6bb5&#xff08;segments&#xff09;\u53ca\u5176\u5c5e\u6027\u3002\u8868\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6bb5\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u4f4d\u79fb&#xff08;offset&#xff09;\u548c\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6bb5\u7d27\u5bc6\u5730\u5b58\u653e\u5728\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\u624d\u80fd\u5c06\u5404\u6bb5\u5206\u5f00\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8282\u5934\u8868&#xff08;Section header table&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u5305\u542b\u5bf9\u8282&#xff08;sections&#xff09;\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8282&#xff08;Section&#xff09;&#xff1a;ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ec4\u6210\u5355\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8282\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982\u4ee3\u7801\u8282\u5b58\u50a8\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u6570\u636e\u8282\u5b58\u50a8\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u9759\u6001\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8282&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4ee3\u7801\u8282&#xff08;.text&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u7528\u4e8e\u4fdd\u5b58\u673a\u5668\u6307\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u662f\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6267\u884c\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u8282&#xff08;.data&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u5b58\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$ size code<br \/>\n   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename<br \/>\n   3312     636       4    3952     f70 code<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043334-6ae8129e07faa.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>7. ELF \u4ece\u5f62\u6210\u5230\u52a0\u8f7d\u8f6e\u5ed3<\/h3>\n<h4>7-1 ELF \u5f62\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>step-1&#xff1a;\u5c06\u591a\u4efd C\/C&#043;&#043; \u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807 .o \u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u52a8\u9759\u6001\u5e93&#xff08;ELF&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>step-2&#xff1a;\u5c06\u591a\u4efd .o \u6587\u4ef6\u7684 Section \u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043334-6ae8129eda924.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u6ce8\u610f \u5b9e\u9645\u5408\u5e76\u662f\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u7684&#xff0c;\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5408\u5e76&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e93\u7684\u5408\u5e76&#xff0c;\u6b64\u5904\u4e0d\u505a\u8fc7\u591a\u8ffd\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>7-2 ELF \u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u52a0\u8f7d<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a ELF \u4f1a\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Section&#xff1b;\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c Section \u5408\u5e76&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210 segment\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5408\u5e76\u539f\u5219&#xff1a;\u5c5e\u6027\u76f8\u540c&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u53ef\u8bfb\u3001\u53ef\u5199\u3001\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u3001\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u7533\u8bf7\u7a7a\u95f4\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u5373\u4fbf\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Section&#xff0c;\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u65f6\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u4ee5 segment \u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5408\u5e76\u5de5\u4f5c\u5728\u5f62\u6210 ELF \u65f6\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u5177\u4f53\u5408\u5e76\u539f\u5219\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728 ELF \u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868&#xff08;Program header table&#xff09;\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 Section<br \/>\n$ readelf -S a.out<br \/>\nThere are 31 section headers, starting at offset 0x19d8:<\/p>\n<p>Section Headers:<br \/>\n  [Nr] Name              Type             Address           Offset<br \/>\n       Size              EntSize          Flags  Link  Info  Align<\/p>\n<p>  [ 0]                   NULL             0000000000000000  00000000<br \/>\n       0000000000000000  0000000000000000           0     0     0<br \/>\n  [ 1] .interp           PROGBITS         0000000000400238  00000238<br \/>\n       000000000000001c  0000000000000000   A       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [ 2] .note.ABI-tag     NOTE             0000000000400254  00000254<br \/>\n       0000000000000020  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE             0000000000400274  00000274<br \/>\n       0000000000000024  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [ 4] .gnu.hash         GNU_HASH         0000000000400298  00000298<br \/>\n       000000000000001c  0000000000000000   A       5     0     8<br \/>\n  [ 5] .dynsym           DYNSYM           00000000004002b8  000002b8<br \/>\n       0000000000000048  0000000000000018   A       6     1     8<br \/>\n  [ 6] .dynstr           STRTAB           0000000000400300  00000300<br \/>\n       0000000000000038  0000000000000000   A       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [ 7] .gnu.version      VERSYM           0000000000400338  00000338<br \/>\n       0000000000000006  0000000000000002   A       5     0     2<br \/>\n  [ 8] .gnu.version_r    VERNEED          0000000000400340  00000340<br \/>\n       0000000000000020  0000000000000000   A       6     1     8<br \/>\n  [ 9] .rela.dyn         RELA             0000000000400360  00000360<br \/>\n       0000000000000018  0000000000000018   A       5     0     8<br \/>\n  [10] .rela.plt         RELA             0000000000400378  00000378<br \/>\n       0000000000000018  0000000000000018  AI       5    24     8<br \/>\n  [11] .init             PROGBITS         0000000000400390  00000390<br \/>\n  &#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b Section \u5408\u5e76\u540e\u7684 segment&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ readelf -l a.out<\/p>\n<p>Elf file type is EXEC (Executable file)<br \/>\nEntry point 0x4003e0<br \/>\nThere are 9 program headers, starting at offset 64<\/p>\n<p>Program Headers:<br \/>\n  Type           Offset             VirtAddr           PhysAddr<br \/>\n                 FileSiz            MemSiz              Flags  Align<br \/>\n  PHDR           0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000400040 0x0000000000400040<br \/>\n                 0x00000000000001f8 0x00000000000001f8  R E    8<br \/>\n  INTERP         0x0000000000000238 0x0000000000400238 0x0000000000400238<br \/>\n                 0x000000000000001c 0x000000000000001c  R      1<br \/>\n      [Requesting program interpreter: \/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]<br \/>\n  LOAD           0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000400000<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000744 0x0000000000000744  R E    200000<br \/>\n  LOAD           0x0000000000000e10 0x0000000000600e10 0x0000000000600e10<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000218 0x0000000000000220  RW     200000<br \/>\n  DYNAMIC        0x0000000000000e28 0x0000000000600e28 0x0000000000600e28<br \/>\n                 0x00000000000001d0 0x00000000000001d0  RW     8<br \/>\n  NOTE           0x0000000000000254 0x0000000000400254 0x0000000000400254<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000044 0x0000000000000044  R      4<br \/>\n  GNU_EH_FRAME   0x00000000000005a0 0x00000000004005a0 0x00000000004005a0<br \/>\n                 0x000000000000004c 0x000000000000004c  R      4<br \/>\n  GNU_STACK      0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000  RW     10<br \/>\n  GNU_RELRO      0x0000000000000e10 0x0000000000600e10 0x0000000000600e10<br \/>\n                 0x00000000000001f0 0x00000000000001f0  R      1<\/p>\n<p> Section to Segment mapping:<br \/>\n  Segment Sections&#8230;<br \/>\n   00<br \/>\n   01     .interp<br \/>\n   02     .interp .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr<br \/>\n          .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .plt.got<br \/>\n          .text .fini .rodata .eh_frame_hdr .eh_frame<br \/>\n   03     .init_array .fini_array .jcr .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss<br \/>\n   04     .dynamic<br \/>\n   05     .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id<br \/>\n   06     .eh_frame_hdr<br \/>\n   07<br \/>\n   08     .init_array .fini_array .jcr .dynamic .got<\/p>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5c06 Section \u5408\u5e76\u6210 segment<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Section \u5408\u5e76\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u9875\u9762\u788e\u7247\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u6548\u7387\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u9875\u9762\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a 4096 \u5b57\u8282&#xff08;\u5185\u5b58\u52a0\u8f7d\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u4f4d&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u82e5 .text \u4e3a 4097 \u5b57\u8282\u3001.init \u4e3a 512 \u5b57\u8282&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5408\u5e76\u65f6\u5c06\u5360\u7528 3 \u4e2a\u9875\u9762&#xff0c;\u5408\u5e76\u540e\u53ea\u9700 2 \u4e2a\u9875\u9762\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u628a\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u5c5e\u6027\u7684 Section \u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u7684 segment&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650&#xff0c;\u4f18\u5316\u5185\u5b58\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u6743\u9650\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868\u548c\u8282\u5934\u8868\u5206\u522b\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f5c\u7528&#xff1f;ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89c6\u56fe\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u94fe\u63a5\u89c6\u56fe&#xff08;Linking view&#xff09;- \u5bf9\u5e94\u8282\u5934\u8868 Section header table\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7c92\u5ea6\u66f4\u7ec6&#xff0c;\u6309\u529f\u80fd\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u5212\u5206\u3002\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5206\u6790\u901a\u5e38\u5173\u6ce8\u94fe\u63a5\u89c6\u56fe&#xff0c;\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3 ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u7684\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3a\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e03\u5c40\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;\u94fe\u63a5\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6&#xff0c;\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u4f1a\u628a\u591a\u4e2a\u8282&#xff08;Section&#xff09;\u5408\u5e76\u3001\u89c4\u6574\u6210\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6bb5&#xff08;segment&#xff09;\u3001\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u6bb5\u3001\u53ea\u8bfb\u6bb5\u7b49\u3002\u5426\u5219\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9\u4e5f\u8981\u5360\u7528\u4ee5\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u9875\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u5206\u914d\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 4 KB&#xff0c;\u9020\u6210\u6d6a\u8d39\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u6267\u884c\u89c6\u56fe&#xff08;execution view&#xff09;- \u5bf9\u5e94\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868 Program header table\n<ul>\n<li>\u544a\u8bc9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u52a0\u8f7d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5b8c\u6210\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u3002\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e2d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6709 Program header table\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4&#xff1a;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528&#xff0c;\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043335-6ae8129f5a8e4.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u94fe\u63a5\u89c6\u56fe\u6765\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u547d\u4ee4 readelf -S hello.o \u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8282\u5934\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li>.text \u8282&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u5b58\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<li>.data \u8282&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u5b58\u5df2\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u7b49\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>.rodata \u8282&#xff1a;\u4fdd\u5b58\u53ea\u8bfb\u6570\u636e&#xff0c;\u4f8b\u5982 C \u8bed\u8a00\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u7531\u4e8e .rodata \u8282\u53ea\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u4f4d\u4e8e\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53ea\u8bfb\u6bb5\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u80fd\u5728 text \u6bb5\u800c\u4e0d\u662f data \u6bb5\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u3002<\/li>\n<li>.bss \u8282&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u5c40\u90e8\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf\u9884\u7559\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>.symtab \u8282&#xff08;Symbol Table&#xff0c;\u7b26\u53f7\u8868&#xff09;&#xff1a;\u8bb0\u5f55\u6e90\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u540d\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u53ca\u5176\u4e0e\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>.got.plt \u8282&#xff08;\u5168\u5c40\u504f\u79fb\u8868 &#8211; \u8fc7\u7a0b\u94fe\u63a5\u8868&#xff09;&#xff1a;.got \u8282\u4fdd\u5b58\u5168\u5c40\u504f\u79fb\u8868&#xff1b;.got \u8282\u548c .plt \u8282\u5171\u540c\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u5bfc\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5165\u53e3&#xff0c;\u7531\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539\u3002\u540e\u6587\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ecb\u7ecd GOT\u3002\n<ul>\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528 readelf \u67e5\u770b .so \u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u8be5\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4ece\u6267\u884c\u89c6\u56fe\u6765\u770b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u544a\u8bc9\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u54ea\u4e9b\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fdb\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8bf4\u660e\u52a0\u8f7d\u540e\u54ea\u4e9b\u5206\u6bb5\u53ef\u8bfb\u5199\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ea\u8bfb\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 ELF Header \u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e86\u89e3 ELF Header \u5982\u4f55\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868\u548c\u8282\u5934\u8868\u3002\u4f8b\u5982&#xff0c;\u67e5\u770b hello.o \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4fe1\u606f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n$ readelf -h hello.o<br \/>\nELF Header:<br \/>\n  Magic:   7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  # ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26&#xff08;\u9b54\u6570&#xff09;<br \/>\n  Class:                             ELF64                    # \u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b&#xff1a;64 \u4f4d\u67b6\u6784<br \/>\n  Data:                              2&#039;s complement, little endian<br \/>\n                                                              # \u6570\u636e\u7f16\u7801&#xff1a;\u5c0f\u7aef\u5e8f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8865\u7801<br \/>\n  Version:                           1 (current)              # ELF \u7248\u672c&#xff1a;\u5f53\u524d\u7248\u672c<br \/>\n  OS\/ABI:                            UNIX &#8211; System V          # \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf ABI&#xff1a;System V UNIX<br \/>\n  ABI Version:                       0                        # ABI \u6269\u5c55\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;\u672a\u6269\u5c55<br \/>\n  Type:                              REL (Relocatable file)   # \u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b&#xff1a;\u53ef\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6<br \/>\n  Machine:                           Advanced Micro Devices X86-64<br \/>\n                                                              # \u76ee\u6807\u5e73\u53f0&#xff1a;x86-64 \u67b6\u6784<br \/>\n  Version:                           0x1                      # \u5bf9\u8c61\u6587\u4ef6\u7248\u672c&#xff1a;1<br \/>\n  Entry point address:               0x0                      # \u5165\u53e3\u70b9\u5730\u5740&#xff1a;\u65e0<br \/>\n  Start of program headers:          0 (bytes into file)      # \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868\u8d77\u59cb\u504f\u79fb&#xff1a;\u65e0<br \/>\n  Start of section headers:          728 (bytes into file)    # \u8282\u5934\u8868\u8d77\u59cb\u504f\u79fb&#xff1a;728 \u5b57\u8282<br \/>\n  Flags:                             0x0                      # \u65e0\u5904\u7406\u5668\u7279\u5b9a\u6807\u5fd7<br \/>\n  Size of this header:               64 (bytes)               # ELF Header \u5927\u5c0f&#xff1a;64 \u5b57\u8282<br \/>\n  Size of program headers:           0 (bytes)                # \u65e0\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868\u6761\u76ee<br \/>\n  Number of program headers:         0                        # \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u6570&#xff1a;0<br \/>\n  Size of section headers:           64 (bytes)               # \u8282\u5934\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u5927\u5c0f&#xff1a;64 \u5b57\u8282<br \/>\n  Number of section headers:         13                       # \u8282\u5934\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u6570&#xff1a;13<br \/>\n  Section header string table index: 12                       # \u8282\u540d\u79f0\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u8868\u7d22\u5f15&#xff1a;12<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ gcc *.o<br \/>\n$ readelf -h a.out<br \/>\nELF Header:<br \/>\n  Magic:   7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00<br \/>\n  Class:                             ELF64<br \/>\n  Data:                              2&#039;s complement, little endian<br \/>\n  Version:                           1 (current)<br \/>\n  OS\/ABI:                            UNIX &#8211; System V<br \/>\n  ABI Version:                       0<br \/>\n  Type:                              DYN (Shared object file)<br \/>\n  Machine:                           Advanced Micro Devices X86-64<br \/>\n  Version:                           0x1<br \/>\n  Entry point address:               0x1060<br \/>\n  Start of program headers:          64 (bytes into file)<br \/>\n  Start of section headers:          14768 (bytes into file)<br \/>\n  Flags:                             0x0<br \/>\n  Size of this header:               64 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Size of program headers:           56 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Number of program headers:         13<br \/>\n  Size of section headers:           64 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Number of section headers:         31<br \/>\n  Section header string table index: 30<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e ELF Header&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5373\u53ef&#xff1a;\u5b83\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>8. \u7406\u89e3\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0e\u52a0\u8f7d<\/h3>\n<h4>8-1 \u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 .o&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u662f\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 .o&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u90fd\u662f\u5bf9 .o \u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u7814\u7a76\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5&#xff0c;\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u7814\u7a76 .o \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$ ll<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; 1 whb whb   62 Oct 31 15:36 code.c<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; 1 whb whb  103 Oct 31 15:36 hello.c<\/p>\n<p>whb&#064;bite:~\/test\/test\/test$ gcc -c *.c<br \/>\nwhb&#064;bite:~\/test\/test\/test$ gcc *.o -o main.exe<\/p>\n<p>$ ll<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; 1 whb whb    62 Oct 31 15:36 code.c<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; 1 whb whb  1672 Oct 31 15:46 code.o<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; 1 whb whb   103 Oct 31 15:36 hello.c<br \/>\n-rw-rw-r&#8211; 1 whb whb  1744 Oct 31 15:46 hello.o<br \/>\n-rwxrwxr-x 1 whb whb 16752 Oct 31 15:46 main.exe*<\/p>\n<p>\u67e5\u770b\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684 .o \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ objdump -d code.o<\/p>\n<p>code.o:     file format elf64-x86-64<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .text:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000000000 &lt;run&gt;:<br \/>\n   0:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n   4:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n   5:   48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n   8:   48 8d 3d 00 00 00 00   lea    0x0(%rip),%rdi        # f &lt;run&#043;0xf&gt;<br \/>\n   f:   e8 00 00 00 00         callq  14 &lt;run&#043;0x14&gt;<br \/>\n  14:   90                      nop<br \/>\n  15:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n  16:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p>$ objdump -d hello.o<\/p>\n<p>hello.o:     file format elf64-x86-64<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .text:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000000000 &lt;main&gt;:<br \/>\n   0:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n   4:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n   5:   48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n   8:   48 8d 3d 00 00 00 00   lea    0x0(%rip),%rdi        # f &lt;main&#043;0xf&gt;<br \/>\n   f:   e8 00 00 00 00         callq  14 &lt;main&#043;0x14&gt;<br \/>\n  14:   b8 00 00 00 00         mov    $0x0,%eax<br \/>\n  19:   e8 00 00 00 00         callq  1e &lt;main&#043;0x1e&gt;<br \/>\n  1e:   b8 00 00 00 00         mov    $0x0,%eax<br \/>\n  23:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n  24:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>objdump -d&#xff1a;\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u67e5\u770b\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5&#xff08;.text&#xff09;\u3002<\/li>\n<li>hello.o \u4e2d\u7684 main \u51fd\u6570\u8fd8\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 printf \u548c run \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ hello.c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">int<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">main<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;hello world!\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>code.o \u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 printf \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ code.c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token macro property\"><span class=\"token directive-hash\">#<\/span><span class=\"token directive keyword\">include<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&lt;stdio.h&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">void<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">run<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token function\">printf<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#034;running&#8230;\\\\n&#034;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4e2d\u7684 call \u6307\u4ee4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e4b\u524d\u8c03\u7528\u7684 printf \u548c run \u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8df3\u8f6c\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u6682\u65f6\u88ab\u8bbe\u6210\u4e86 0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1 hello.c \u65f6&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053 printf \u548c run \u51fd\u6570\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u533a\u57df&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ea\u80fd\u5148\u628a\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u5730\u5740\u8bbe\u4e3a 0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u88ab\u4fee\u6b63\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8868&#xff0c;\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u627e\u5230\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6b63\u7684\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5728\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u5b8c\u6210\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u6ce8\u610f printf \u6d89\u53ca\u52a8\u6001\u5e93&#xff0c;\u6b64\u5904\u6682\u4e0d\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b code.o \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5<br \/>\n$ objdump -d code.o<\/p>\n<p>code.o:     file format elf64-x86-64<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .text:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000000000 &lt;run&gt;:<br \/>\n   0:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n   4:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n   5:   48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n   8:   48 8d 3d 00 00 00 00   lea    0x0(%rip),%rdi        # f &lt;run&#043;0xf&gt;<br \/>\n   f:   e8 00 00 00 00         callq  14 &lt;run&#043;0x14&gt;<br \/>\n  14:   90                      nop<br \/>\n  15:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n  16:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p># \u67e5\u770b hello.o \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5<br \/>\n$ objdump -d hello.o<\/p>\n<p>hello.o:     file format elf64-x86-64<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .text:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000000000 &lt;main&gt;:<br \/>\n   0:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n   4:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n   5:   48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n   8:   48 8d 3d 00 00 00 00   lea    0x0(%rip),%rdi        # f &lt;main&#043;0xf&gt;<br \/>\n   f:   e8 00 00 00 00         callq  14 &lt;main&#043;0x14&gt;<br \/>\n  14:   b8 00 00 00 00         mov    $0x0,%eax<br \/>\n  19:   e8 00 00 00 00         callq  1e &lt;main&#043;0x1e&gt;<br \/>\n  1e:   b8 00 00 00 00         mov    $0x0,%eax<br \/>\n  23:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n  24:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff1a;\u591a\u4e2a .o \u6587\u4ef6\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5bf9\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6 code.o \u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ readelf -s code.o<\/p>\n<p>Symbol table &#039;.symtab&#039; contains 13 entries:<br \/>\n   Num:    Value          Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name<br \/>\n     0: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND<br \/>\n     1: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS code.c<br \/>\n     2: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    1<br \/>\n     3: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    3<br \/>\n     4: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    4<br \/>\n     5: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    5<br \/>\n     6: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    7<br \/>\n     7: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    8<br \/>\n     8: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    9<br \/>\n     9: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    6<br \/>\n    10: 0000000000000000    23 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    1 run<br \/>\n    11: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_<br \/>\n    12: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND puts<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc&#xff0c;\u6e90\u7801\u4e2d\u7684\u7b80\u5355 printf \u8c03\u7528\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f18\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u5bf9 puts \u7684\u8c03\u7528\u3002UND \u662f undefined&#xff0c;\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u7b26\u53f7\u5728\u5f53\u524d .o \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6 hello.o \u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>whb&#064;bite:~\/test\/test\/test$ readelf -s hello.o<\/p>\n<p>Symbol table &#039;.symtab&#039; contains 14 entries:<br \/>\n   Num:    Value          Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name<br \/>\n     0: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND<br \/>\n     1: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS hello.c<br \/>\n     2: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    1<br \/>\n     3: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    3<br \/>\n     4: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    4<br \/>\n     5: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    5<br \/>\n     6: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    7<br \/>\n     7: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    8<br \/>\n     8: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    9<br \/>\n     9: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    6<br \/>\n    10: 0000000000000000    37 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT    1 main<br \/>\n    11: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_<br \/>\n    12: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND puts<br \/>\n    13: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND run<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u6837&#xff0c;puts \u548c run \u5728 hello.o \u4e2d\u5747\u672a\u5b9a\u4e49&#xff1b;run \u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4f4d\u4e8e code.o \u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ readelf -s main.exe<\/p>\n<p>Symbol table &#039;.dynsym&#039; contains 7 entries:<br \/>\n   Num:    Value          Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name<br \/>\n     0: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND<br \/>\n     1: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  WEAK   DEFAULT  UND _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTab<br \/>\n     2: 0000000000000000     0 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND puts&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)<br \/>\n     3: 0000000000000000     0 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND __libc_start_main&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)<br \/>\n     4: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  WEAK   DEFAULT  UND __gmon_start__<br \/>\n     5: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  WEAK   DEFAULT  UND _ITM_registerTMCloneTable<br \/>\n     6: 0000000000000000     0 FUNC    WEAK   DEFAULT  UND __cxa_finalize&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5 (2)<\/p>\n<p>Symbol table &#039;.symtab&#039; contains 67 entries:<br \/>\n   Num:    Value          Size Type    Bind   Vis      Ndx Name<br \/>\n     0: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT  UND<br \/>\n     1: 0000000000000318     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    1<br \/>\n     2: 0000000000000338     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    2<br \/>\n     3: 0000000000000358     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    3<br \/>\n     4: 000000000000037c     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    4<br \/>\n     5: 00000000000003a0     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    5<br \/>\n     6: 00000000000003c8     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    6<br \/>\n     7: 0000000000000470     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    7<br \/>\n     8: 00000000000004f2     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    8<br \/>\n     9: 0000000000000500     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT    9<br \/>\n    10: 0000000000000520     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   10<br \/>\n    11: 00000000000005e0     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   11<br \/>\n    12: 0000000000001000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   12<br \/>\n    13: 0000000000001020     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   13<br \/>\n    14: 0000000000001040     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   14<br \/>\n    15: 0000000000001050     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   15<br \/>\n    16: 0000000000001060     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   16<br \/>\n    17: 0000000000001208     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   17<br \/>\n    18: 0000000000002000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   18<br \/>\n    19: 000000000000201c     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   19<br \/>\n    20: 0000000000002068     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   20<br \/>\n    21: 0000000000003db8     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   21<br \/>\n    22: 0000000000003dc0     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   22<br \/>\n    23: 0000000000003dc8     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   23<br \/>\n    24: 0000000000003fb8     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   24<br \/>\n    25: 0000000000004000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   25<br \/>\n    26: 0000000000004010     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   26<br \/>\n    27: 0000000000000000     0 SECTION LOCAL  DEFAULT   27<br \/>\n    28: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS crtstuff.c<br \/>\n    29: 0000000000001090     0 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT   16 deregister_tm_clones<br \/>\n    30: 00000000000010c0     0 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT   16 register_tm_clones<br \/>\n    31: 0000000000001100     0 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT   16 __do_global_dtors_aux<br \/>\n    32: 0000000000004010     1 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT   26 completed.8061<br \/>\n    33: 0000000000003dc0     0 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT   22 __do_global_dtors_aux_fin<br \/>\n    34: 0000000000001140     0 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT   16 frame_dummy<br \/>\n    35: 0000000000003db8     0 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT   21 __frame_dummy_init_array_<br \/>\n    36: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS code.c<br \/>\n    37: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS hello.c<br \/>\n    38: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS crtstuff.c<br \/>\n    39: 000000000000218c     0 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT   20 __FRAME_END__<br \/>\n    40: 0000000000000000     0 FILE    LOCAL  DEFAULT  ABS<br \/>\n    41: 0000000000003dc0     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT   21 __init_array_end<br \/>\n    42: 0000000000003dc8     0 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT   23 _DYNAMIC<br \/>\n    43: 0000000000003db8     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT   21 __init_array_start<br \/>\n    44: 000000000000201c     0 NOTYPE  LOCAL  DEFAULT   19 __GNU_EH_FRAME_HDR<br \/>\n    45: 0000000000003fb8     0 OBJECT  LOCAL  DEFAULT   24 _GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_<br \/>\n    46: 0000000000001000     0 FUNC    LOCAL  DEFAULT   12 _init<br \/>\n    47: 0000000000001200     5 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   16 __libc_csu_fini<br \/>\n    48: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  WEAK   DEFAULT  UND _ITM_deregisterTMCloneTab<br \/>\n    49: 0000000000004000     0 NOTYPE  WEAK   DEFAULT   25 data_start<br \/>\n    50: 0000000000000000     0 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND puts&#064;&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5<br \/>\n    51: 0000000000004010     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT   25 _edata<br \/>\n    52: 0000000000001149    23 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   16 run<br \/>\n    53: 0000000000001208     0 FUNC    GLOBAL HIDDEN    17 _fini<br \/>\n    54: 0000000000000000     0 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT  UND __libc_start_main&#064;&#064;GLIBC_<br \/>\n    55: 0000000000004000     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT   25 __data_start<br \/>\n    56: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  WEAK   DEFAULT  UND __gmon_start__<br \/>\n    57: 0000000000004008     0 OBJECT  GLOBAL HIDDEN    25 __dso_handle<br \/>\n    58: 0000000000002000     4 OBJECT  GLOBAL DEFAULT   18 _IO_stdin_used<br \/>\n    59: 0000000000001190   101 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   16 __libc_csu_init<br \/>\n    60: 0000000000004018     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT   26 _end<br \/>\n    61: 0000000000001060    47 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   16 _start<br \/>\n    62: 0000000000004010     0 NOTYPE  GLOBAL DEFAULT   26 __bss_start<br \/>\n    63: 0000000000001160    37 FUNC    GLOBAL DEFAULT   16 main<br \/>\n    64: 0000000000004010     0 OBJECT  GLOBAL HIDDEN    25 __TMC_END__<br \/>\n    65: 0000000000000000     0 NOTYPE  WEAK   DEFAULT  UND _ITM_registerTMCloneTable<br \/>\n    66: 0000000000000000     0 FUNC    WEAK   DEFAULT  UND __cxa_finalize&#064;&#064;GLIBC_2.2<\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u4e2a .o \u5408\u5e76\u540e&#xff0c;\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u627e\u5230\u4e86 run&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>0000000000001149 \u662f\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u540e\u6587\u7ee7\u7eed\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<\/li>\n<li>FUNC \u8868\u793a run \u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/li>\n<li>16 \u662f run \u6240\u5728 Section \u7684\u4e0b\u6807&#xff0c;\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c 16 \u4e2a Section \u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u5168\u90e8 Section&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ readelf -S main.exe<br \/>\nThere are 31 section headers, starting at offset 0x39b0:<\/p>\n<p>Section Headers:<br \/>\n  [Nr] Name              Type             Address           Offset<br \/>\n       Size              EntSize          Flags  Link  Info  Align<br \/>\n  [ 0]                   NULL             0000000000000000  00000000<br \/>\n       0000000000000000  0000000000000000           0     0     0<br \/>\n  [ 1] .interp           PROGBITS         0000000000000318  00000318<br \/>\n       000000000000001c  0000000000000000   A       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [ 2] .note.gnu.propert NOTE             0000000000000338  00000338<br \/>\n       0000000000000020  0000000000000000   A       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE             0000000000000358  00000358<br \/>\n       0000000000000024  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [ 4] .note.ABI-tag     NOTE             000000000000037c  0000037c<br \/>\n       0000000000000020  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [ 5] .gnu.hash         GNU_HASH         00000000000003a0  000003a0<br \/>\n       0000000000000024  0000000000000000   A       6     0     8<br \/>\n  [ 6] .dynsym           DYNSYM           00000000000003c8  000003c8<br \/>\n       00000000000000a8  0000000000000018   A       7     1     8<br \/>\n  [ 7] .dynstr           STRTAB           0000000000000470  00000470<br \/>\n       0000000000000082  0000000000000000   A       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [ 8] .gnu.version      VERSYM           00000000000004f2  000004f2<br \/>\n       000000000000000e  0000000000000002   A       6     0     2<br \/>\n  [ 9] .gnu.version_r    VERNEED          0000000000000500  00000500<br \/>\n       0000000000000020  0000000000000000   A       7     1     8<br \/>\n  [10] .rela.dyn         RELA             0000000000000520  00000520<br \/>\n       00000000000000c0  0000000000000018   A       6     0     8<br \/>\n  [11] .rela.plt         RELA             00000000000005e0  000005e0<br \/>\n       0000000000000018  0000000000000018  AI       6    24     8<br \/>\n  [12] .init             PROGBITS         0000000000001000  00001000<br \/>\n       000000000000001b  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [13] .plt              PROGBITS         0000000000001020  00001020<br \/>\n       0000000000000020  0000000000000010  AX       0     0     16<br \/>\n  [14] .plt.got          PROGBITS         0000000000001040  00001040<br \/>\n       0000000000000010  0000000000000010  AX       0     0     16<br \/>\n  [15] .plt.sec          PROGBITS         0000000000001050  00001050<br \/>\n       0000000000000010  0000000000000010  AX       0     0     16<br \/>\n  [16] .text             PROGBITS         0000000000001060  00001060<br \/>\n       00000000000001a5  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     16<br \/>\n  [17] .fini             PROGBITS         0000000000001208  00001208<br \/>\n       000000000000000d  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [18] .rodata           PROGBITS         0000000000002000  00002000<br \/>\n       000000000000001c  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [19] .eh_frame_hdr     PROGBITS         000000000000201c  0000201c<br \/>\n       000000000000004c  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [20] .eh_frame         PROGBITS         0000000000002068  00002068<br \/>\n       0000000000000128  0000000000000000   A       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [21] .init_array       INIT_ARRAY       0000000000003db8  00002db8<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [22] .fini_array       FINI_ARRAY       0000000000003dc0  00002dc0<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [23] .dynamic          DYNAMIC          0000000000003dc8  00002dc8<br \/>\n       00000000000001f0  0000000000000010  WA       7     0     8<br \/>\n  [24] .got              PROGBITS         0000000000003fb8  00002fb8<br \/>\n       0000000000000048  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [25] .data             PROGBITS         0000000000004000  00003000<br \/>\n       0000000000000010  0000000000000000  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [26] .bss              NOBITS           0000000000004010  00003010<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000000  WA       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [27] .comment          PROGBITS         0000000000000000  00003010<br \/>\n       000000000000002b  0000000000000001  MS       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [28] .symtab           SYMTAB           0000000000000000  00003040<br \/>\n       0000000000000648  0000000000000018          29    47     8<br \/>\n  [29] .strtab           STRTAB           0000000000000000  00003688<br \/>\n       000000000000020e  0000000000000000           0     0     1<br \/>\n  [30] .shstrtab         STRTAB           0000000000000000  00003896<br \/>\n       000000000000011a  0000000000000000           0     0     1<\/p>\n<p>Key to Flags:<br \/>\n  W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),<br \/>\n  L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),<br \/>\n  C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),<br \/>\n  l (large), p (processor specific)<\/p>\n<p>hello.o \u548c code.o \u7684 .text \u5df2\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u5230 main.exe \u7684\u7b2c 16 \u4e2a Section\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u68c0\u67e5 .o \u4e2d call \u540e\u9762\u7684 00 00 00 00 \u662f\u5426\u5df2\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u6700\u7ec8\u51fd\u6570\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p>$ objdump -d main.exe<\/p>\n<p>main.exe:     file format elf64-x86-64<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .init:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001000 &lt;_init&gt;:<br \/>\n    1000:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1004:   48 83 ec 08             sub    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n    1008:   48 8b 05 d9 2f 00 00    mov    0x2fd9(%rip),%rax        # 3fe8 &lt;__gmon_start__&gt;<br \/>\n    100f:   48 85 c0                test   %rax,%rax<br \/>\n    1012:   74 02                   je     1016 &lt;_init&#043;0x16&gt;<br \/>\n    1014:   ff d0                   callq  *%rax<br \/>\n    1016:   48 83 c4 08             add    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n    101a:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .plt:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001020 &lt;.plt&gt;:<br \/>\n    1020:   ff 35 9a 2f 00 00       pushq  0x2f9a(%rip)        # 3fc0 &lt;_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_&#043;0x8&gt;<br \/>\n    1026:   f2 ff 25 9b 2f 00 00    bnd jmpq *0x2f9b(%rip)     # 3fc8 &lt;_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_&#043;0x10&gt;<br \/>\n    102d:   0f 1f 00                nopl   (%rax)<br \/>\n    1030:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1034:   68 00 00 00 00          pushq  $0x0<br \/>\n    1039:   f2 e9 e1 ff ff ff       bnd jmpq 1020 &lt;.plt&gt;<br \/>\n    103f:   90                      nop<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .plt.got:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001040 &lt;__cxa_finalize&#064;plt&gt;:<br \/>\n    1040:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1044:   f2 ff 25 ad 2f 00 00    bnd jmpq *0x2fad(%rip)     # 3ff8 &lt;__cxa_finalize&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n    104b:   0f 1f 44 00 00          nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .plt.sec:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001050 &lt;puts&#064;plt&gt;:<br \/>\n    1050:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1054:   f2 ff 25 75 2f 00 00    bnd jmpq *0x2f75(%rip)     # 3fd0 &lt;puts&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n    105b:   0f 1f 44 00 00          nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .text:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001060 &lt;_start&gt;:<br \/>\n    1060:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1064:   31 ed                   xor    %ebp,%ebp<br \/>\n    1066:   49 89 d1                mov    %rdx,%r9<br \/>\n    1069:   5e                      pop    %rsi<br \/>\n    106a:   48 89 e2                mov    %rsp,%rdx<br \/>\n    106d:   48 83 e4 f0             and    $0xfffffffffffffff0,%rsp<br \/>\n    1071:   50                      push   %rax<br \/>\n    1072:   54                      push   %rsp<br \/>\n    1073:   4c 8d 05 86 01 00 00    lea    0x186(%rip),%r8        # 1200 &lt;__libc_csu_fini&gt;<br \/>\n    107a:   48 8d 0d 0f 01 00 00    lea    0x10f(%rip),%rcx       # 1190 &lt;__libc_csu_init&gt;<br \/>\n    1081:   48 8d 3d d8 00 00 00    lea    0xd8(%rip),%rdi        # 1160 &lt;main&gt;<br \/>\n    1088:   ff 15 52 2f 00 00       callq  *0x2f52(%rip)          # 3fe0 &lt;__libc_start_main&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n    108e:   f4                      hlt<br \/>\n    108f:   90                      nop<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001090 &lt;deregister_tm_clones&gt;:<br \/>\n    1090:   48 8d 3d 79 2f 00 00    lea    0x2f79(%rip),%rdi      # 4010 &lt;__TMC_END__&gt;<br \/>\n    1097:   48 8d 05 72 2f 00 00    lea    0x2f72(%rip),%rax      # 4010 &lt;__TMC_END__&gt;<br \/>\n    109e:   48 39 f8                cmp    %rdi,%rax<br \/>\n    10a1:   74 15                   je     10b8 &lt;deregister_tm_clones&#043;0x28&gt;<br \/>\n    10a3:   48 8b 05 2e 2f 00 00    mov    0x2f2e(%rip),%rax      # 3fd8 &lt;_ITM_deregisterTMCloneTable&gt;<br \/>\n    10aa:   48 85 c0                test   %rax,%rax<br \/>\n    10ad:   74 09                   je     10b8 &lt;deregister_tm_clones&#043;0x28&gt;<br \/>\n    10af:   ff e0                   jmpq   *%rax<br \/>\n    10b1:   0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00    nopl   0x0(%rax)<br \/>\n    10b8:   c3                      retq<br \/>\n    10b9:   0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00    nopl   0x0(%rax)<\/p>\n<p>00000000000010c0 &lt;register_tm_clones&gt;:<br \/>\n    10c0:   48 8d 3d 49 2f 00 00    lea    0x2f49(%rip),%rdi      # 4010 &lt;__TMC_END__&gt;<br \/>\n    10c7:   48 8d 35 42 2f 00 00    lea    0x2f42(%rip),%rsi      # 4010 &lt;__TMC_END__&gt;<br \/>\n    10ce:   48 29 fe                sub    %rdi,%rsi<br \/>\n    10d1:   48 89 f0                mov    %rsi,%rax<br \/>\n    10d4:   48 c1 ee 3f             shr    $0x3f,%rsi<br \/>\n    10d8:   48 c1 f8 03             sar    $0x3,%rax<br \/>\n    10dc:   48 01 c6                add    %rax,%rsi<br \/>\n    10df:   48 d1 fe                sar    %rsi<br \/>\n    10e2:   74 14                   je     10f8 &lt;register_tm_clones&#043;0x38&gt;<br \/>\n    10e4:   48 8b 05 05 2f 00 00    mov    0x2f05(%rip),%rax      # 3ff0 &lt;_ITM_registerTMCloneTable&gt;<br \/>\n    10eb:   48 85 c0                test   %rax,%rax<br \/>\n    10ee:   74 08                   je     10f8 &lt;register_tm_clones&#043;0x38&gt;<br \/>\n    10f0:   ff e0                   jmpq   *%rax<br \/>\n    10f2:   66 0f 1f 44 00 00       nopw   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)<br \/>\n    10f8:   c3                      retq<br \/>\n    10f9:   0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00    nopl   0x0(%rax)<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001100 &lt;__do_global_dtors_aux&gt;:<br \/>\n    1100:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1104:   80 3d 05 2f 00 00 00    cmpb   $0x0,0x2f05(%rip)      # 4010 &lt;__TMC_END__&gt;<br \/>\n    110b:   75 2b                   jne    1138 &lt;__do_global_dtors_aux&#043;0x38&gt;<br \/>\n    110d:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n    110e:   48 83 3d e2 2e 00 00    cmpq   $0x0,0x2ee2(%rip)      # 3ff8 &lt;__cxa_finalize&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n    1115:   00<br \/>\n    1116:   48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n    1119:   74 0c                   je     1127 &lt;__do_global_dtors_aux&#043;0x27&gt;<br \/>\n    111b:   48 8b 3d e6 2e 00 00    mov    0x2ee6(%rip),%rdi      # 4008 &lt;__dso_handle&gt;<br \/>\n    1122:   e8 19 ff ff ff          callq  1040 &lt;__cxa_finalize&#064;plt&gt;<br \/>\n    1127:   e8 64 ff ff ff          callq  1090 &lt;deregister_tm_clones&gt;<br \/>\n    112c:   c6 05 dd 2e 00 00 01    movb   $0x1,0x2edd(%rip)      # 4010 &lt;__TMC_END__&gt;<br \/>\n    1133:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n    1134:   c3                      retq<br \/>\n    1135:   0f 1f 00                nopl   (%rax)<br \/>\n    1138:   c3                      retq<br \/>\n    1139:   0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00    nopl   0x0(%rax)<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001140 &lt;frame_dummy&gt;:<br \/>\n    1140:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1144:   e9 77 ff ff ff          jmpq   10c0 &lt;register_tm_clones&gt;<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001149 &lt;run&gt;:<br \/>\n    1149:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    114d:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n    114e:   48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n    1151:   48 8d 3d ac 0e 00 00    lea    0xeac(%rip),%rdi       # 2004 &lt;_IO_stdin_used&#043;0x4&gt;<br \/>\n    1158:   e8 f3 fe ff ff          callq  1050 &lt;puts&#064;plt&gt;<br \/>\n    115d:   90                      nop<br \/>\n    115e:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n    115f:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001160 &lt;main&gt;:<br \/>\n    1160:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1164:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n    1165:   48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n    1168:   48 8d 3d a0 0e 00 00    lea    0xea0(%rip),%rdi       # 200f &lt;_IO_stdin_used&#043;0xf&gt;<br \/>\n    116f:   e8 dc fe ff ff          callq  1050 &lt;puts&#064;plt&gt;<br \/>\n    1174:   b8 00 00 00 00          mov    $0x0,%eax<br \/>\n    1179:   e8 cb ff ff ff          callq  1149 &lt;run&gt;<br \/>\n    117e:   b8 00 00 00 00          mov    $0x0,%eax<br \/>\n    1183:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n    1184:   c3                      retq<br \/>\n    1185:   66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00    nopw   %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax,1)<br \/>\n    118c:   00 00 00<br \/>\n    118f:   90                      nop<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001190 &lt;__libc_csu_init&gt;:<br \/>\n    1190:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1194:   41 57                   push   %r15<br \/>\n    1196:   4c 8d 3d 1b 2c 00 00    lea    0x2c1b(%rip),%r15      # 3db8 &lt;__frame_dummy_init_array_entry&gt;<br \/>\n    119d:   41 56                   push   %r14<br \/>\n    119f:   49 89 d6                mov    %rdx,%r14<br \/>\n    11a2:   41 55                   push   %r13<br \/>\n    11a4:   49 89 f5                mov    %rsi,%r13<br \/>\n    11a7:   41 54                   push   %r12<br \/>\n    11a9:   41 89 fc                mov    %edi,%r12d<br \/>\n    11ac:   55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n    11ad:   48 8d 2d 0c 2c 00 00    lea    0x2c0c(%rip),%rbp      # 3dc0 &lt;__do_global_dtors_aux_fini_array_entry&gt;<br \/>\n    11b4:   53                      push   %rbx<br \/>\n    11b5:   4c 29 fd                sub    %r15,%rbp<br \/>\n    11b8:   48 83 ec 08             sub    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n    11bc:   e8 3f fe ff ff          callq  1000 &lt;_init&gt;<br \/>\n    11c1:   48 c1 fd 03             sar    $0x3,%rbp<br \/>\n    11c5:   74 1f                   je     11e6 &lt;__libc_csu_init&#043;0x56&gt;<br \/>\n    11c7:   31 db                   xor    %ebx,%ebx<br \/>\n    11c9:   0f 1f 80 00 00 00 00    nopl   0x0(%rax)<br \/>\n    11d0:   4c 89 f2                mov    %r14,%rdx<br \/>\n    11d3:   4c 89 ee                mov    %r13,%rsi<br \/>\n    11d6:   44 89 e7                mov    %r12d,%edi<br \/>\n    11d9:   41 ff 14 df             callq  *(%r15,%rbx,8)<br \/>\n    11dd:   48 83 c3 01             add    $0x1,%rbx<br \/>\n    11e1:   48 39 dd                cmp    %rbx,%rbp<br \/>\n    11e4:   75 ea                   jne    11d0 &lt;__libc_csu_init&#043;0x40&gt;<br \/>\n    11e6:   48 83 c4 08             add    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n    11ea:   5b                      pop    %rbx<br \/>\n    11eb:   5d                      pop    %rbp<br \/>\n    11ec:   41 5c                   pop    %r12<br \/>\n    11ee:   41 5d                   pop    %r13<br \/>\n    11f0:   41 5e                   pop    %r14<br \/>\n    11f2:   41 5f                   pop    %r15<br \/>\n    11f4:   c3                      retq<br \/>\n    11f5:   66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00    data16 nopw %cs:0x0(%rax,%rax,1)<br \/>\n    11fc:   00 00 00 00<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001200 &lt;__libc_csu_fini&gt;:<br \/>\n    1200:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1204:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .fini:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001208 &lt;_fini&gt;:<br \/>\n    1208:   f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    120c:   48 83 ec 08             sub    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n    1210:   48 83 c4 08             add    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n    1214:   c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\u4e24\u4e2a .o \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u88ab\u5408\u5e76\u5230\u4e00\u8d77&#xff0c;\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u7f16\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u94fe\u63a5\u65f6\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539 .o \u4e2d\u5c1a\u672a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5730\u5740&#xff1b;\u5408\u5e76\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u4fee\u6b63\u76f8\u5173 call \u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee3\u7801\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<p>\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 .o \u8fdb\u884c\u5408\u5e76&#xff0c;\u4e0e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u94fe\u63a5\u4f1a\u628a\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8fde\u540c\u7528\u5230\u7684\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u3001\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e93\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765&#xff0c;\u62fc\u88c5\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4fee\u6b63&#xff1a;\u6240\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u7ec4\u5408\u540e&#xff0c;\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u4f1a\u6839\u636e .o \u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u9759\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8868&#xff0c;\u627e\u5230\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u548c\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u4ece\u800c\u4fee\u6b63\u5176\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043336-6ae812a00b3be.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64&#xff0c;\u94fe\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5bf9 .o \u4e2d\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u7b26\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u5730\u5740\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>8-2 ELF \u52a0\u8f7d\u4e0e\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h4>\n<h5>8-2-1 \u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\/\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740<\/h5>\n<p>\u95ee\u9898&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a ELF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u5730\u5740&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 mm_struct\u3001vm_area_struct \u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u521a\u521a\u521b\u5efa\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5176\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6765\u81ea\u54ea\u91cc&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7b54\u6848&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u4e2a ELF \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5373\u4f7f\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u6709\u5730\u5740\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5de5\u4f5c\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u201c\u5e73\u5766\u6a21\u5f0f\u201d&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64 ELF \u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7edf\u4e00\u7f16\u5740\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u6267\u884c objdump -S \u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043336-6ae812a093b28.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u7ed3\u679c\u6700\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u662f ELF \u7684\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4e25\u683c\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5e94\u79f0\u4e3a\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u5740&#xff08;\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740 &#043; \u504f\u79fb\u91cf&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u4f46\u8fd9\u91cc\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u662f 0\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c1a\u672a\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u65f6&#xff0c;\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u7edf\u4e00\u7f16\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684 mm_struct\u3001vm_area_struct \u5728\u521a\u521a\u521b\u5efa\u65f6&#xff0c;\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6765\u81ea ELF \u7684\u5404\u4e2a segment\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a segment \u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u548c\u957f\u5ea6&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5185\u6838\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u7684 [start, end] \u7b49\u8303\u56f4\u6570\u636e&#xff1b;\u518d\u4f7f\u7528\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u5740\u586b\u5145\u9875\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u652f\u6301&#xff0c;\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e5f\u9700\u8981\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>8-2-2 \u91cd\u65b0\u7406\u89e3\u8fdb\u7a0b\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4<\/h5>\n<p>ELF \u7f16\u8bd1\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u628a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u5730\u5740\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728 ELF Header \u7684 Entry \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e2d&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ gcc *.o<br \/>\n$ readelf -h a.out<br \/>\nELF Header:<br \/>\n  Magic:   7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00<br \/>\n  Class:                             ELF64<br \/>\n  Data:                              2&#039;s complement, little endian<br \/>\n  Version:                           1 (current)<br \/>\n  OS\/ABI:                            UNIX &#8211; System V<br \/>\n  ABI Version:                       0<br \/>\n  Type:                              DYN (Shared object file)<br \/>\n  Machine:                           Advanced Micro Devices X86-64<br \/>\n  Version:                           0x1<br \/>\n  Entry point address:               0x1060<br \/>\n  Start of program headers:          64 (bytes into file)<br \/>\n  Start of section headers:          14768 (bytes into file)<br \/>\n  Flags:                             0x0<br \/>\n  Size of this header:               64 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Size of program headers:           56 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Number of program headers:         13<br \/>\n  Size of section headers:           64 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Number of section headers:         31<br \/>\n  Section header string table index: 30<\/p>\n<p>\u753b\u56fe\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043336-6ae812a0d5b6d.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043337-6ae812a130c6d.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>8-3 \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u4e0e\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d<\/h4>\n<h5>8-3-1 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u5982\u4f55\u770b\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u5e93<\/h5>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043337-6ae812a1ab898.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>8-3-2 \u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u5982\u4f55\u5171\u4eab\u5e93<\/h5>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043337-6ae812a1e7f59.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h5>8-3-3 \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5<\/h5>\n<h6>8-3-3-1 \u6982\u8981<\/h6>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5176\u5b9e\u8fdc\u6bd4\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e38\u7528\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u67e5\u770b main.exe \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u7528\u5230\u4e86 C \u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p>$ ldd main.exe<br \/>\n        linux-vdso.so.1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span>  <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007ffefd43f000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        libc.so.6 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib64\/libc.so.6 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f533380b000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        \/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f5333bd9000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>ldd \u547d\u4ee4\u7528\u4e8e\u6253\u5370\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5e93\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 libc.so \u662f C \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e93&#xff0c;\u91cc\u9762\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8f93\u51fa\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5462&#xff1f;\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u4f1a\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u8fde\u540c\u7528\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5e93\u5408\u5e76&#xff0c;\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u3002\u7167\u7406\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6837\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\u624d\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u6700\u5927\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f53\u79ef\u5927&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u76f8\u5f53\u8017\u8d39\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90\u3002 \u968f\u7740\u8f6f\u4ef6\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u7684\u63d0\u5347&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u81c3\u80bf&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u90fd\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u663e\u7136\u4f1a\u6d6a\u8d39\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019&#xff0c;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u4e86&#xff1a;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765&#xff0c;\u4fdd\u5b58\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5e93&#xff0c;\u7b49\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u518d\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u8282\u7701\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e14\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u4e00\u4efd\u526f\u672c&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684&#xff1f;<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u8981\u4ea4\u4ee3\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba&#xff1a;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5c06\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u3002 \u6bd4\u5982\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5148\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u8fde\u540c\u5b83\u7528\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u5f53\u524d\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5&#xff0c;\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u52a8\u6001\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u6bb5\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4ee5\u540e&#xff0c;\u4e00\u65e6\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u786e\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6b63\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u8df3\u8f6c\u5730\u5740\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>8-3-3-2 \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u52a8\u4e86\u624b\u811a<\/h6>\n<p>$ ldd \/usr\/bin\/ls<br \/>\n        linux-vdso.so.1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007fffdd85f000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        libselinux.so.1 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libselinux.so.1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f42c025a000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        libc.so.6 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libc.so.6 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f42c0068000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        libpcre2-8.so.0 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libpcre2-8.so.0 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f42bffd7000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        libdl.so.2 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libdl.so.2 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f42bffd1000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        \/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f42c02b6000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        libpthread.so.0 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libpthread.so.0 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f42bffae000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>$ ldd main.exe<br \/>\n        linux-vdso.so.1 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007fff231d6000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        libc.so.6 <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libc.so.6 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f197ec3b000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><br \/>\n        \/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>0x00007f197ee3e000<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5728 C\/C&#043;&#043; \u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 main \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\u662f _start&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531 C \u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u5e93&#xff08;\u901a\u5e38\u662f glibc&#xff09;\u6216\u94fe\u63a5\u5668&#xff08;\u5982 ld&#xff09;\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 _start \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64cd\u4f5c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<li>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5806\u6808&#xff1a;\u4e3a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u7684\u5806\u6808\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5&#xff08;\u5982\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u9759\u6001\u53d8\u91cf&#xff09;\u4ece\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u590d\u5236\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6e05\u96f6\u672a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5&#xff1a;\u8fd9\u662f\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4e00\u6b65&#xff0c;_start \u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u4f9d\u8d56\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93&#xff08;shared libraries&#xff09;\u3002\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u4f1a\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u786e\u4fdd\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u8bbf\u95ee\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668&#xff08;\u5982 ld-linux.so&#xff09;\u8d1f\u8d23\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u7a0b\u5e8f\u542f\u52a8\u65f6&#xff0c;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u4f1a\u89e3\u6790\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff0c;\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf&#xff08;\u5982 LD_LIBRARY_PATH&#xff09;\u548c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff08;\u5982 \/etc\/ld.so.conf \u53ca\u5176\u5b50\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6&#xff09;\u6307\u5b9a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u641c\u7d22\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u65f6\u4f1a\u641c\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u7f13\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u6548\u7387&#xff0c;Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a \/etc\/ld.so.cache \u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u65f6\u4f1a\u5148\u641c\u7d22\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f13\u5b58\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8c03\u7528 __libc_start_main&#xff1a;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e&#xff0c;_start \u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528 __libc_start_main&#xff08;glibc \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51fd\u6570&#xff09;\u3002__libc_start_main \u8d1f\u8d23\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u4e9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5e93&#xff08;\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u7ebf\u7a0b&#xff09;\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u8c03\u7528 main \u51fd\u6570&#xff1a;\u6700\u540e&#xff0c;__libc_start_main \u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684 main \u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u6b64\u65f6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u6743\u624d\u6b63\u5f0f\u4ea4\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7f16\u5199\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5904\u7406 main \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff1a;\u5f53 main \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u65f6&#xff0c;__libc_start_main \u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u503c&#xff0c;\u5e76\u6700\u7ec8\u8c03\u7528 _exit \u51fd\u6570\u7ec8\u6b62\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<p>\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86 C\/C&#043;&#043; \u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728 main \u51fd\u6570\u4e4b\u524d\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u6765\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e9b\u64cd\u4f5c\u662f\u900f\u660e\u7684&#xff0c;\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8 main \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u800c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7136\u800c&#xff0c;\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e95\u5c42\u7ec6\u8282\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6267\u884c\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u8c03\u8bd5\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<h6>8-3-3-3 \u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5730\u5740<\/h6>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e3a\u4e86\u652f\u6301\u968f\u65f6\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u5bf9\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7edf\u4e00\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u5bf9\u7f16\u5740\u7684\u65b9\u6848&#xff08;\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837&#xff0c;\u90fd\u8981\u9075\u5b88\u5e73\u5766\u6a21\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684&#xff09;\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># Ubuntu \u4e0b\u67e5\u770b\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16<\/span><br \/>\nobjdump <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-S<\/span> \/lib\/x86_64-linux-gnu\/libc-2.31.so <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">less<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\"># CentOS \u4e0b\u67e5\u770b\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e93\u7684\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16<\/span><br \/>\n$ objdump <span class=\"token parameter variable\">-S<\/span> \/lib64\/libc-2.17.so <span class=\"token operator\">|<\/span> <span class=\"token function\">less<\/span><\/p>\n<h6>8-3-3-4 \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u600e\u4e48\u548c\u5e93\u5177\u4f53\u6620\u5c04\u8d77\u6765<\/h6>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6&#xff0c;\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b83\u5c31\u8981\u5148\u52a0\u8f7d&#xff0c;\u800c\u52a0\u8f7d\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5148\u6253\u5f00\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u627e\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u672c\u8d28\u4e5f\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u8df3\u8f6c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e93\u51fd\u6570&#xff0c;\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u628a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\u89e3\u91ca\u6e05\u695a&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043338-6ae812a25209d.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h6>8-3-3-5 \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u600e\u4e48\u8fdb\u884c\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528<\/h6>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5e93\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5e93\u7684\u865a\u62df\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5e93\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u4ee5&#xff0c;\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e93\u4e2d\u4efb\u610f\u65b9\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u201c\u5e93\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740 &#043; \u65b9\u6cd5\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u201d&#xff0c;\u5373\u53ef\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u6574\u4e2a\u8c03\u7528\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ece\u4ee3\u7801\u533a\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u5171\u4eab\u533a&#xff0c;\u8c03\u7528\u5b8c\u6bd5\u518d\u8fd4\u56de\u4ee3\u7801\u533a&#xff0c;\u5168\u7a0b\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043338-6ae812a29f27e.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h6>8-3-3-6 \u5168\u5c40\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u8868 GOT&#xff08;Global Offset Table&#xff09;<\/h6>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u6ce8\u610f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u4e4b\u524d&#xff0c;\u9700\u8981\u5148\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u6620\u5c04\u6240\u6709\u5e93&#xff0c;\u6240\u6709\u5e93\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u865a\u62df\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u63d0\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7136\u540e\u4fee\u6539\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5bf9\u5e93\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u5b8c\u6210\u5730\u5740\u8bbe\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a\u52a0\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u4f46\u662f&#xff0c;\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u533a\u5417&#xff1f;\u4ee3\u7801\u533a\u5728\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u5417&#xff1f;\u80fd\u4fee\u6539\u5417&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f&#xff1a;\u5728\u53ef\u5199\u6570\u636e\u533a\u57df\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e .got \/ .got.plt \u8282&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u653e\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5168\u5c40\u504f\u79fb\u91cf\u8868 GOT&#xff0c;\u8868\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u9879\u90fd\u662f\u672c\u8fd0\u884c\u6a21\u5757\u8981\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u56e0\u4e3a .got \/ .got.plt \u6240\u5728\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u533a\u57df\u53ef\u5199&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u9879\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>$ readelf -S a.out<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\n  [24] .got              PROGBITS         0000000000003fb8  00002fb8<br \/>\n       0000000000000048  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>$ readelf -l a.out  # .got \u5728\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u4f1a\u548c .data \u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a segment&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u4e00\u8d77\u52a0\u8f7d<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\n   05     .init_array .fini_array .dynamic .got .data .bss<br \/>\n&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043339-6ae812a31043e.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<li>\u7531\u4e8e\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u53ea\u8bfb&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u4ee3\u7801\u6bb5\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e86 GOT \u8868&#xff0c;\u4ee3\u7801\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d&#xff0c;\u5404\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u5730\u5740\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u90fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u53cd\u6620\u5230 GOT \u8868\u4e0a&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u90fd\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 GOT \u8868&#xff0c;\u6240\u4ee5\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u5171\u4eab GOT \u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u5355\u4e2a .so \u4e2d&#xff0c;\u7531\u4e8e GOT \u8868\u4e0e .text \u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u56fa\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528 CPU \u7684\u76f8\u5bf9\u5bfb\u5740\u627e\u5230 GOT \u8868\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6\u4f1a\u5148\u67e5\u8868&#xff0c;\u518d\u6839\u636e\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8fdb\u884c\u8df3\u8f6c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u5728\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u79f0\u4e3a PIC&#xff08;\u5730\u5740\u65e0\u5173\u4ee3\u7801&#xff09;\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4&#xff0c;\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u4fee\u6539&#xff0c;\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u4efb\u610f\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c&#xff0c;\u5e76\u4e14\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5171\u4eab\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u7ed9\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6307\u5b9a -fPIC \u53c2\u6570\u7684\u539f\u56e0&#xff1a;PIC &#061; \u76f8\u5bf9\u7f16\u5740 &#043; GOT\u3002<\/li>\n<p>$ objdump -S a.out<br \/>\n&#8230;<br \/>\n0000000000001050 &lt;puts&#064;plt&gt;:<br \/>\n    1050:       f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    1054:       f2 ff 25 75 2f 00 00    bnd jmpq *0x2f75(%rip)  # 3fd0 &lt;puts&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>0000000000001149 &lt;main&gt;:<br \/>\n    1149:       f3 0f 1e fa             endbr64<br \/>\n    114d:       55                      push   %rbp<br \/>\n    114e:       48 89 e5                mov    %rsp,%rbp<br \/>\n    1151:       48 8d 3d ac 0e 00 00    lea    0xeac(%rip),%rdi  # 2004 &lt;_IO_stdin_used&#043;0x4&gt;<br \/>\n    1158:       e8 f3 fe ff ff          callq  1050 &lt;puts&#064;plt&gt;<br \/>\n&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u5907\u6ce8<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PLT \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h6>8-3-3-7 \u5e93\u95f4\u4f9d\u8d56&#xff08;\u7b80\u5355\u8bf4\u660e\u5373\u53ef&#xff09;<\/h6>\n<p>\u6ce8\u610f&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e0d\u4ec5\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u5e93\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5e93\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8c03\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93&#xff0c;\u5e93\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u5230\u5e93\u548c\u5e93\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u8c03\u7528\u4e5f\u4e0e\u5730\u5740\u65e0\u5173\u5462&#xff1f;<\/li>\n<li>\u5e93\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6709 GOT&#xff0c;\u548c\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e00\u6837\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f ELF \u683c\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043339-6ae812a36e3a2.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e GOT \u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u4fee\u6539&#xff0c;\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 GDB \u8c03\u8bd5\u89c2\u5bdf GOT \u8868\u7684\u5730\u5740\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u539f\u7406\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u5927\u91cf\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u663e\u7136\u975e\u5e38\u8017\u65f6\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u5f00\u9500&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u5ef6\u8fdf\u7ed1\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb PLT&#xff08;\u8fc7\u7a0b\u94fe\u63a5\u8868&#xff0c;Procedure Linkage Table&#xff09;\u3002\u4e0e\u5176\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u5c31\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u5982\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u51fd\u6570\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u671f\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u4e00\u6b21\u90fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u601d\u8def\u662f&#xff1a;GOT \u4e2d\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u5730\u5740\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u6bb5\u8f85\u52a9\u4ee3\u7801&#xff0c;\u5b83\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6869\u4ee3\u7801&#xff08;stub&#xff09;\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u4f1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u67e5\u8be2\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8df3\u8f6c\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u5e76\u66f4\u65b0 GOT \u8868\u3002\u518d\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u65f6&#xff0c;\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u4e2d\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043340-6ae812a404bbb.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b&#xff0c;\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5c06\u7b26\u53f7\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u5730\u5740\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b49\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ece\u7f16\u8bd1\u65f6\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u3002\u5b83\u867d\u7136\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u95f4&#xff0c;\u4f46\u7edd\u5bf9\u662f\u7269\u6709\u6240\u503c\u7684&#xff0c;\u56e0\u4e3a\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u8d44\u6e90&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u6781\u5927\u5730\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002\u66f4\u5173\u952e\u7684\u662f&#xff0c;\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u590d\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<p>[!NOTE] \u89e3\u6790\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb&#xff0c;\u5c31\u662f\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e76\u5b8c\u5584\u76f8\u4e92\u4e4b\u95f4 GOT \u8868\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h5>8-3-4 \u603b\u7ed3<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u9879\u76ee&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6a21\u5757&#xff0c;\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u751f\u6210\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u9759\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u4f1a\u5c06\u7f16\u8bd1\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6240\u6709\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u548c\u7528\u5230\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5e93\u5408\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u4fee\u6b63\u6a21\u5757\u95f4\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u5730\u5740&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a\u7f16\u8bd1\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb\u9759\u6001\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u52a8\u6001\u94fe\u63a5\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u63a5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u63a8\u8fdf\u5230\u4e86\u7a0b\u5e8f\u52a0\u8f7d\u65f6\u3002\u8fd0\u884c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f1a\u5148\u5c06\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u8fde\u540c\u5b83\u7528\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u5e93\u7684\u52a0\u8f7d\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u4e0d\u56fa\u5b9a&#xff0c;\u4f46\u65e0\u8bba\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f4d\u7f6e&#xff0c;\u90fd\u8981\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5730\u5740\u7a7a\u95f4&#xff0c;\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 GOT \u65b9\u5f0f\u8c03\u7528&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u79f0\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d&#xff0c;\u4e5f\u53eb\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u5740\u91cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u9644\u5f55&#xff1a;\u64cd\u4f5c\u5927\u5168<\/h3>\n<h4>\u9644\u5f55 1&#xff1a;ELF \u7ed3\u6784<\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/20261102043340-6ae812a490c26.png\" alt=\"image.png\" \/><\/p>\n<h4>\u9644\u5f55 2&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b ELF Header<\/h4>\n<p>-h \u6216 &#8211;file-header&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6587\u4ef6\u5934\u5305\u542b\u4e86 ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u4fe1\u606f&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5982\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u673a\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u7248\u672c\u3001\u5165\u53e3\u70b9\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u8868\u548c\u8282\u5934\u8868\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5927\u5c0f\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<p># readelf -h main<br \/>\nELF Header:<br \/>\n  Magic:   7f 45 4c 46 02 01 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00<br \/>\n  Class:                             ELF64<br \/>\n  Data:                              2&#039;s complement, little endian<br \/>\n  Version:                           1 (current)<br \/>\n  OS\/ABI:                            UNIX &#8211; System V<br \/>\n  ABI Version:                       0<br \/>\n  Type:                              EXEC (Executable file)<br \/>\n  Machine:                           Advanced Micro Devices X86-64<br \/>\n  Version:                           0x1<br \/>\n  Entry point address:               0x400640<br \/>\n  Start of program headers:          64 (bytes into file)<br \/>\n  Start of section headers:          7048 (bytes into file)<br \/>\n  Flags:                             0x0<br \/>\n  Size of this header:               64 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Size of program headers:           56 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Number of program headers:         9<br \/>\n  Size of section headers:           64 (bytes)<br \/>\n  Number of section headers:         31<br \/>\n  Section header string table index: 30<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e ELF Header \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u6ca1\u9519&#xff0c;\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u591f\u8bc6\u522b\u7279\u5b9a\u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u7a0b\u5e8f&#xff1a;\/linux\/include\/elf.h<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">elf32_hdr<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> e_ident<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>EI_NIDENT<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_type<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_machine<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word e_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Addr e_entry<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Entry point *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Off e_phoff<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Off e_shoff<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word e_flags<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_ehsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_phentsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_phnum<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_shentsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_shnum<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Half e_shstrndx<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> Elf32_Ehdr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">elf64_hdr<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">unsigned<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">char<\/span> e_ident<span class=\"token punctuation\">[<\/span>EI_NIDENT<span class=\"token punctuation\">]<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span> <span class=\"token comment\">\/* ELF &#034;magic number&#034; *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_type<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_machine<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word e_version<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Addr e_entry<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>     <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Entry point virtual address *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Off e_phoff<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>      <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Program header table file offset *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Off e_shoff<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>      <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Section header table file offset *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word e_flags<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_ehsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_phentsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_phnum<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_shentsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_shnum<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Half e_shstrndx<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> Elf64_Ehdr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u9644\u5f55 3&#xff1a;ELF Program Header Table<\/h4>\n<p>-l \u6216 &#8211;program-headers&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5934\u90e8&#xff08;\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u6bb5\u5934&#xff09;\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u53ef\u6267\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u5c40\u548c\u52a0\u8f7d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<p># readelf -l main<br \/>\nElf file type is EXEC (Executable file)<br \/>\nEntry point 0x400640<br \/>\nThere are 9 program headers, starting at offset 64<\/p>\n<p>Program Headers:<br \/>\n  Type           Offset             VirtAddr           PhysAddr<br \/>\n                 FileSiz            MemSiz              Flags  Align<br \/>\n  PHDR           0x0000000000000040 0x0000000000400040 0x0000000000400040<br \/>\n                 0x00000000000001f8 0x00000000000001f8  R E    8<br \/>\n  INTERP         0x0000000000000238 0x0000000000400238 0x0000000000400238<br \/>\n                 0x000000000000001c 0x000000000000001c  R      1<br \/>\n      [Requesting program interpreter: \/lib64\/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2]<br \/>\n  LOAD           0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000400000 0x0000000000400000<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000d24 0x0000000000000d24  R E    200000<br \/>\n  LOAD           0x0000000000000e10 0x0000000000600e10 0x0000000000600e10<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000254 0x0000000000000258  RW     200000<br \/>\n  DYNAMIC        0x0000000000000e28 0x0000000000600e28 0x0000000000600e28<br \/>\n                 0x00000000000001d0 0x00000000000001d0  RW     8<br \/>\n  NOTE           0x0000000000000254 0x0000000000400254 0x0000000000400254<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000044 0x0000000000000044  R      4<br \/>\n  GNU_EH_FRAME   0x0000000000000b34 0x0000000000400b34 0x0000000000400b34<br \/>\n                 0x000000000000005c 0x000000000000005c  R      4<br \/>\n  GNU_STACK      0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000<br \/>\n                 0x0000000000000000 0x0000000000000000  RW     10<br \/>\n  GNU_RELRO      0x0000000000000e10 0x0000000000600e10 0x0000000000600e10<br \/>\n                 0x00000000000001f0 0x00000000000001f0  R      1<\/p>\n<p> Section to Segment mapping:<br \/>\n  Segment Sections&#8230;<br \/>\n   00<br \/>\n   01     .interp<br \/>\n   02     .interp .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id .gnu.hash .dynsym .dynstr<br \/>\n          .gnu.version .gnu.version_r .rela.dyn .rela.plt .init .plt .plt.got .text<br \/>\n          .fini .rodata .eh_frame_hdr .eh_frame<br \/>\n   03     .init_array .fini_array .jcr .dynamic .got .got.plt .data .bss<br \/>\n   04     .dynamic<br \/>\n   05     .note.ABI-tag .note.gnu.build-id<br \/>\n   06     .eh_frame_hdr<br \/>\n   07<br \/>\n   08     .init_array .fini_array .jcr .dynamic .got<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PhysAddr&#xff1a;\u73b0\u4ee3 OS \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u4e86\u3002<\/li>\n<li>LOAD&#xff1a;\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7684 Section \u90fd\u8981\u88ab\u52a0\u8f7d\u5230\u5185\u5b58&#xff0c;\u6709\u7684\u662f\u4e0e\u52a0\u8f7d\u94fe\u63a5\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5b57\u6bb5&#xff0c;\u4f46\u662f\u6709 LOAD \u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u6765\u8981\u52a0\u8f7d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e ELF Program Header \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">elf32_phdr<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word p_type<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Off p_offset<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Addr p_vaddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Addr p_paddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word p_filesz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word p_memsz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word p_flags<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word p_align<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> Elf32_Phdr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">elf64_phdr<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word p_type<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word p_flags<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Off p_offset<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Segment file offset *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Addr p_vaddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Segment virtual address *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Addr p_paddr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Segment physical address *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Xword p_filesz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Segment size in file *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Xword p_memsz<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Segment size in memory *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Xword p_align<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Segment alignment, file &amp; memory *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> Elf64_Phdr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u9644\u5f55 4&#xff1a;ELF Section Header Table<\/h4>\n<p>-S \u6216 &#8211;section-headers&#xff1a;\u663e\u793a ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8282\u5934\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8282\u5934\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86 ELF \u6587\u4ef6\u5404\u4e2a\u8282\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u5730\u5740\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u6807\u5fd7\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p># readelf -S main<br \/>\nThere are 31 section headers, starting at offset 0x1b88:<\/p>\n<p>Section Headers:<br \/>\n  [Nr] Name              Type             Address           Offset<br \/>\n       Size              EntSize          Flags  Link  Info  Align<br \/>\n  [ 0]                   NULL             0000000000000000  00000000<br \/>\n       0000000000000000  0000000000000000           0     0     0<br \/>\n  [ 1] .interp           PROGBITS         0000000000400238  00000238<br \/>\n       000000000000001c  0000000000000000   A       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [ 2] .note.ABI-tag     NOTE             0000000000400254  00000254<br \/>\n       0000000000000020  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [ 3] .note.gnu.build-i NOTE             0000000000400274  00000274<br \/>\n       0000000000000024  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [ 4] .gnu.hash         GNU_HASH         0000000000400298  00000298<br \/>\n       000000000000001c  0000000000000000   A       5     0     8<br \/>\n  [ 5] .dynsym           DYNSYM           00000000004002b8  000002b8<br \/>\n       0000000000000108  0000000000000018   A       6     1     8<br \/>\n  [ 6] .dynstr           STRTAB           00000000004003c0  000003c0<br \/>\n       0000000000000076  0000000000000000   A       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [ 7] .gnu.version      VERSYM           0000000000400436  00000436<br \/>\n       0000000000000016  0000000000000002   A       5     0     2<br \/>\n  [ 8] .gnu.version_r    VERNEED          0000000000400450  00000450<br \/>\n       0000000000000030  0000000000000000   A       6     1     8<br \/>\n  [ 9] .rela.dyn         RELA             0000000000400480  00000480<br \/>\n       0000000000000018  0000000000000018   A       5     0     8<br \/>\n  [10] .rela.plt         RELA             0000000000400498  00000498<br \/>\n       00000000000000d8  0000000000000018  AI       5    24     8<br \/>\n  [11] .init             PROGBITS         0000000000400570  00000570<br \/>\n       000000000000001a  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [12] .plt              PROGBITS         0000000000400590  00000590<br \/>\n       00000000000000a0  0000000000000010  AX       0     0    16<br \/>\n  [13] .plt.got          PROGBITS         0000000000400630  00000630<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [14] .text             PROGBITS         0000000000400640  00000640<br \/>\n       00000000000004b2  0000000000000000  AX       0     0    16<br \/>\n  [15] .fini             PROGBITS         0000000000400af4  00000af4<br \/>\n       0000000000000009  0000000000000000  AX       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [16] .rodata           PROGBITS         0000000000400b00  00000b00<br \/>\n       0000000000000032  0000000000000000   A       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [17] .eh_frame_hdr     PROGBITS         0000000000400b34  00000b34<br \/>\n       000000000000005c  0000000000000000   A       0     0     4<br \/>\n  [18] .eh_frame         PROGBITS         0000000000400b90  00000b90<br \/>\n       0000000000000194  0000000000000000   A       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [19] .init_array       INIT_ARRAY       0000000000600e10  00000e10<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [20] .fini_array       FINI_ARRAY       0000000000600e18  00000e18<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [21] .jcr              PROGBITS         0000000000600e20  00000e20<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000000  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [22] .dynamic          DYNAMIC          0000000000600e28  00000e28<br \/>\n       00000000000001d0  0000000000000010  WA       6     0     8<br \/>\n  [23] .got              PROGBITS         0000000000600ff8  00000ff8<br \/>\n       0000000000000008  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [24] .got.plt          PROGBITS         0000000000601000  00001000<br \/>\n       0000000000000060  0000000000000008  WA       0     0     8<br \/>\n  [25] .data             PROGBITS         0000000000601060  00001060<br \/>\n       0000000000000004  0000000000000000  WA       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [26] .bss              NOBITS           0000000000601064  00001064<br \/>\n       0000000000000004  0000000000000000  WA       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [27] .comment          PROGBITS         0000000000000000  00001064<br \/>\n       000000000000002d  0000000000000001  MS       0     0     1<br \/>\n  [28] .symtab           SYMTAB           0000000000000000  00001098<br \/>\n       0000000000000750  0000000000000018          29    49     8<br \/>\n  [29] .strtab           STRTAB           0000000000000000  000017e8<br \/>\n       0000000000000291  0000000000000000           0     0     1<br \/>\n  [30] .shstrtab         STRTAB           0000000000000000  00001a79<br \/>\n       000000000000010c  0000000000000000           0     0     1<br \/>\nKey to Flags:<br \/>\n  W (write), A (alloc), X (execute), M (merge), S (strings), I (info),<br \/>\n  L (link order), O (extra OS processing required), G (group), T (TLS),<br \/>\n  C (compressed), x (unknown), o (OS specific), E (exclude),<br \/>\n  l (large), p (processor specific)<\/p>\n<p>.got \u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5168\u5c40\u504f\u79fb\u8868&#xff08;Global Offset Table&#xff0c;\u7b80\u79f0 GOT&#xff09;\u6709\u5173&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u5757\u9700\u8981\u7b80\u5316\u8bb2\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">\/\/ \u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e ELF Section Header \u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_type<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_flags<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Addr sh_addr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Off sh_offset<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_link<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_addralign<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf32_Word sh_entsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> Elf32_Shdr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">typedef<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">struct<\/span> <span class=\"token class-name\">elf64_shdr<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">{<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word sh_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Section name, index in string tbl *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word sh_type<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Type of section *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Xword sh_flags<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>       <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Miscellaneous section attributes *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Addr sh_addr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Section virtual addr at execution *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Off sh_offset<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Section file offset *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Xword sh_size<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>        <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Size of section in bytes *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word sh_link<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Index of another section *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Word sh_info<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>         <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Additional section information *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Xword sh_addralign<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Section alignment *\/<\/span><br \/>\n    Elf64_Xword sh_entsize<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>     <span class=\"token comment\">\/* Entry size if section holds table *\/<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token punctuation\">}<\/span> Elf64_Shdr<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<h4>\u9644\u5f55 5&#xff1a;\u67e5\u770b\u5177\u4f53\u7684 Sections \u4fe1\u606f<\/h4>\n<p># objdump -S main<\/p>\n<p>main:     file format elf64-x86-64<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .init:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000400570 &lt;_init&gt;:<br \/>\n  400570:       48 83 ec 08             sub    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n  400574:       48 8b 05 7d 0a 20 00    mov    0x200a7d(%rip),%rax        # 600ff8 &lt;__gmon_start__&gt;<br \/>\n  40057b:       48 85 c0                test   %rax,%rax<br \/>\n  40057e:       74 05                   je     400585 &lt;_init&#043;0x15&gt;<br \/>\n  400580:       e8 ab 00 00 00          callq  400630 &lt;.plt.got&gt;<br \/>\n  400585:       48 83 c4 08             add    $0x8,%rsp<br \/>\n  400589:       c3                      retq<\/p>\n<p>Disassembly of section .plt:<\/p>\n<p>0000000000400590 &lt;.plt&gt;:<br \/>\n  400590:       ff 35 72 0a 20 00       pushq  0x200a72(%rip)             # 601008 &lt;_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_&#043;0x8&gt;<br \/>\n  400596:       ff 25 74 0a 20 00       jmpq   *0x200a74(%rip)            # 601010 &lt;_GLOBAL_OFFSET_TABLE_&#043;0x10&gt;<br \/>\n  40059c:       0f 1f 40 00             nopl   0x0(%rax)<\/p>\n<p>00000000004005a0 &lt;write&#064;plt&gt;:<br \/>\n  4005a0:       ff 25 72 0a 20 00       jmpq   *0x200a72(%rip)            # 601018 &lt;write&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n  4005a6:       68 00 00 00 00          pushq  $0x0<br \/>\n  4005ab:       e9 e0 ff ff ff          jmpq   400590 &lt;.plt&gt;<\/p>\n<p>00000000004005b0 &lt;printf&#064;plt&gt;:<br \/>\n  4005b0:       ff 25 6a 0a 20 00       jmpq   *0x200a6a(%rip)            # 601020 &lt;printf&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n  4005b6:       68 01 00 00 00          pushq  $0x1<br \/>\n  4005bb:       e9 d0 ff ff ff          jmpq   400590 &lt;.plt&gt;<\/p>\n<p>00000000004005c0 &lt;close&#064;plt&gt;:<br \/>\n  4005c0:       ff 25 62 0a 20 00       jmpq   *0x200a62(%rip)            # 601028 &lt;close&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n  4005c6:       68 02 00 00 00          pushq  $0x2<br \/>\n  4005cb:       e9 c0 ff ff ff          jmpq   400590 &lt;.plt&gt;<\/p>\n<p>00000000004005d0 &lt;__libc_start_main&#064;plt&gt;:<br \/>\n  4005d0:       ff 25 5a 0a 20 00       jmpq   *0x200a5a(%rip)            # 601030 &lt;__libc_start_main&#064;GLIBC_2.2.5&gt;<br \/>\n  4005d6:       68 03 00 00 00          pushq  $0x3<br \/>\n  4005db:       e9 b0 ff ff ff          jmpq   400590 &lt;.plt&gt;<\/p>\n<h5>\u67e5\u770b\u7f16\u8bd1\u540e\u7684 .o \u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6<\/h5>\n<p>\u5728\u4e86\u89e3\u4e86 ELF 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