{"id":121210,"date":"2026-11-02T08:40:50","date_gmt":"2026-11-02T00:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/121210.html"},"modified":"2026-11-02T08:40:50","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T00:40:50","slug":"43-plsql%e5%9d%97%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e4%b8%8e%e6%b5%81%e7%a8%8b%e6%8e%a7%e5%88%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/121210.html","title":{"rendered":"43-PLSQL\u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>PL\/SQL \u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/h2>\n<\/p>\n<h4>\u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>PL\/SQL \u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236<\/li>\n<li>\n<ul>\n<li>\u524d\u8a00<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u3001\u5757\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;DECLARE \/ BEGIN \/ EXCEPTION \/ END<\/li>\n<li>\u4e8c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u4e0e serveroutput \u5f00\u5173<\/li>\n<li>\u4e09\u3001IF \/ ELSIF \/ ELSE<\/li>\n<li>\u56db\u3001CASE \u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u6001<\/li>\n<li>\u4e94\u3001\u4e09\u79cd\u5faa\u73af<\/li>\n<li>\u516d\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u5757\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e0e\u906e\u853d<\/li>\n<li>\u4e03\u3001\u6807\u7b7e<\/li>\n<li>\u516b\u3001SQL \u4e0e PL\/SQL \u7684\u4ea4\u4e92&#xff1a;SELECT INTO<\/li>\n<li>\u5199\u5728\u6700\u540e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ece\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8d77\u8fdb\u5165 PL\/SQL\u3002\u5b83\u662f Oracle \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5316\u6269\u5c55&#xff1a;SQL \u80fd\u67e5\u80fd\u6539&#xff0c;\u4f46\u505a\u4e0d\u4e86\u6761\u4ef6\u5206\u652f\u3001\u5faa\u73af\u3001\u5f02\u5e38\u6355\u83b7&#xff0c;PL\/SQL \u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8865\u9f50\u4e86&#xff0c;\u8fd8\u8ba9 SQL \u548c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4ee3\u7801\u65e0\u7f1d\u6df7\u5199\u3002\u4e00\u5207 PL\/SQL \u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u9aa8\u67b6\u662f&#034;\u5757&#034;&#xff0c;\u5148\u628a\u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u5403\u900f&#xff0c;\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u5305\u3001\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u5168\u662f\u5757\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7a7f\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u5757\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;DECLARE \/ BEGIN \/ EXCEPTION \/ END<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 PL\/SQL \u5757\u5206\u4e09\u6bb5&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u58f0\u660e\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u5e38\u91cf\u3001\u6e38\u6807&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n  v_ename VARCHAR2<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u6267\u884c\u6bb5&#xff1a;SQL \u4e0e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8bed\u53e5&#xff08;\u5fc5\u9700&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> ename <span class=\"token keyword\">INTO<\/span> v_ename <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> emp <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> empno <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7369<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u59d3\u540d&#xff1a;&#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> v_ename<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nEXCEPTION<br \/>\n  <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5f02\u5e38\u6bb5&#xff1a;\u51fa\u9519\u5904\u7406&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> NO_DATA_FOUND <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u6ca1\u627e\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5458\u5de5&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u6709 BEGIN\u2026END \u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684&#xff0c;\u58f0\u660e\u6bb5\u4ee5 DECLARE \u5f00\u5934&#xff0c;\u5f02\u5e38\u6bb5\u4ee5 EXCEPTION \u5f00\u5934\u3002\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u987a\u624b\u521d\u59cb\u5316&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  v_count NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  c_rate  CONSTANT NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">0.1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5e38\u91cf&#xff0c;\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u540e\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u8d4b\u503c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token boolean\">NULL<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u4e0d\u505a&#xff0c;\u5360\u4f4d\u8bed\u53e5<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u8d4b\u503c\u7b26\u53f7\u662f :&#061; \u4e0d\u662f &#061;&#xff0c;&#061; \u5728 PL\/SQL \u91cc\u53ea\u505a\u6bd4\u8f83&#xff0c;\u8fd9\u662f\u4ece\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u8f6c\u8fc7\u6765\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u987a\u624b\u5199\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u4e0e serveroutput \u5f00\u5173<\/h3>\n<p>SQL*Plus \u91cc\u8dd1\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">SET<\/span> SERVEROUTPUT <span class=\"token keyword\">ON<\/span> SIZE UNLIMITED<br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;hello plsql&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>dbms_output.put_line \u628a\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u8fdb\u7f13\u51b2\u533a&#xff0c;SQLPlus \u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e0d\u56de\u663e&#xff0c;\u5fc5\u987b\u5148 SET SERVEROUTPUT ON\u3002\u5757\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u5374\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u5230&#xff0c;\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u662f\u5fd8\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f00\u5173\u3002SQL Developer \u7684\u811a\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u7a97\u53e3\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u5177\u7684 DBMS Output \u9762\u677f&#xff0c;\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f00\u5173\u3002\u5757\u672b\u5c3e\u7684 \/ \u662f SQLPlus \u7684\u6267\u884c\u7b26&#xff0c;\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u8fd0\u884c\u6309\u94ae\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001IF \/ ELSIF \/ ELSE<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  v_sal emp<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>sal<span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">TYPE<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> sal <span class=\"token keyword\">INTO<\/span> v_sal <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> emp <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> empno <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7788<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"token keyword\">IF<\/span> v_sal <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">3000<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u9ad8\u85aa&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  ELSIF v_sal <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1500<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u4e2d\u7b49&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">ELSE<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5f85\u6da8\u85aa&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">IF<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u4e2a\u6613\u9519\u70b9&#xff1a;\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u662f ELSIF&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u662f ELSEIF \u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f ELSE IF&#xff1b;\u6761\u4ef6\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u540e\u9762\u4e0d\u52a0\u5206\u53f7&#xff0c;\u8bed\u53e5\u540e\u9762\u624d\u52a0\u5206\u53f7&#xff1b;END IF \u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd&#xff0c;\u4e2d\u95f4\u6709\u7a7a\u683c&#xff0c;\u7ed3\u5c3e\u6709\u5206\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001CASE \u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u6001<\/h3>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355 CASE \u6309\u503c\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u641c\u7d22 CASE \u6309\u6761\u4ef6\u5339\u914d&#xff0c;\u90fd\u662f\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u53c2\u4e0e\u8d4b\u503c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  v_deptno NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  v_name   VARCHAR2<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u7b80\u5355 CASE&#xff1a;\u503c\u5339\u914d<\/span><br \/>\n  v_name :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CASE<\/span> v_deptno<br \/>\n              <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;ACCOUNTING&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;RESEARCH&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">30<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;SALES&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n              <span class=\"token keyword\">ELSE<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;UNKNOWN&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u641c\u7d22 CASE&#xff1a;\u6761\u4ef6\u5339\u914d<\/span><br \/>\n  v_name :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">CASE<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> v_deptno <span class=\"token operator\">IN<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">30<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> v_deptno <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">20<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u7814\u53d1\u90e8\u95e8&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n                 <span class=\"token keyword\">ELSE<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5176\u4ed6&#039;<\/span><br \/>\n            <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_name<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53d6\u503c\u6620\u5c04\u7528 CASE&#xff0c;\u590d\u6742\u6d41\u7a0b\u5206\u652f\u7528 IF&#xff0c;CASE \u6ca1\u6709\u843d\u7a7a\u5206\u652f\u65f6\u4f1a\u62a5 ORA-06592&#xff08;CASE_NOT_FOUND&#xff09;&#xff0c;\u503c\u5339\u914d\u573a\u666f\u522b\u6f0f ELSE\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001\u4e09\u79cd\u5faa\u73af<\/h3>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; 1. \u57fa\u672c\u5faa\u73af&#xff1a;\u5148\u6267\u884c\u540e\u5224\u65ad&#xff0c;EXIT \u9632\u6b7b\u5faa\u73af<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  i NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;i &#061; &#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">EXIT<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&gt;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    i :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; 2. WHILE \u5faa\u73af&#xff1a;\u5148\u5224\u65ad\u540e\u6267\u884c<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  i NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">WHILE<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;i &#061; &#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n    i :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&#043;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; 3. FOR \u5faa\u73af&#xff1a;\u81ea\u5e26\u8ba1\u6570\u5668&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u7528\u58f0\u660e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">FOR<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">IN<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;i &#061; &#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>FOR \u652f\u6301 REVERSE \u5012\u5e8f&#xff0c;\u8fb9\u754c\u4f9d\u7136\u5199&#034;\u5c0f \u2026 \u5927&#034;&#xff0c;\u522b\u987a\u624b\u5199\u6210 5 .. 1&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">FOR<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">IN<\/span> REVERSE <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">5<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;i &#061; &#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> i<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u8f93\u51fa 5 4 3 2 1<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5faa\u73af\u4f53\u5185\u53ef\u7528 EXIT\u3001EXIT WHEN \u9000\u51fa&#xff0c;CONTINUE \u8df3\u8fc7\u672c\u8f6e&#xff08;11g \u5f15\u5165&#xff09;\u3002\u9009\u578b\u601d\u8def&#xff1a;\u6b21\u6570\u786e\u5b9a\u7528 FOR&#xff0c;\u6761\u4ef6\u5148\u884c\u7528 WHILE&#xff0c;\u81f3\u5c11\u6267\u884c\u4e00\u6b21\u7528 LOOP\u3002FOR \u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u662f\u9690\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u7684&#xff0c;\u4e0d\u8981\u5728 DECLARE \u91cc\u518d\u58f0\u660e\u540c\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u5757\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e0e\u906e\u853d<\/h3>\n<p>\u5757\u53ef\u4ee5\u5d4c\u5957&#xff0c;\u5185\u5c42\u80fd\u770b\u89c1\u5916\u5c42\u7684\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u4e0d\u884c&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  v_outer VARCHAR2<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5916\u90e8&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_outer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>      <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5916\u90e8<\/span><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n    v_inner VARCHAR2<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token number\">20<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span> :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u5185\u90e8&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_outer<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5916\u90e8&#xff0c;\u5185\u5c42\u53ef\u89c1\u5916\u5c42<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_inner<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>    <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u5185\u90e8<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_inner<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>      <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u7f16\u8bd1\u62a5\u9519&#xff1a;v_inner \u672a\u58f0\u660e<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u5185\u5c42\u58f0\u660e\u540c\u540d\u53d8\u91cf\u4f1a\u906e\u853d\u5916\u5c42\u53d8\u91cf&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  v_x NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n    v_x NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>        <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; 2&#xff0c;\u5185\u5c42\u906e\u853d\u5916\u5c42<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>          <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; 1&#xff0c;\u5916\u5c42\u4e0d\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u540d\u906e\u853d\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u8d39\u52b2&#xff0c;\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u89c4\u907f\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u522b\u540c\u540d\u3002\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u5185\u5916\u5c42\u90fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u65f6&#xff0c;\u7528\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e03\u3001\u6807\u7b7e<\/h3>\n<p>\u7ed9\u5757\u8d77\u540d\u5b57&#xff0c;\u914d\u5408\u9650\u5b9a\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u88ab\u906e\u853d\u7684\u5916\u5c42\u53d8\u91cf&#xff1b;\u5faa\u73af\u52a0\u6807\u7b7e\u540e&#xff0c;EXIT \u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u8df3\u51fa\u54ea\u4e00\u5c42&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">outer<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  v_x NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n    v_x NUMBER :<span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>        <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; 2<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">outer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>v_x<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>  <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; 1&#xff0c;\u6807\u7b7e\u9650\u5b9a\u8bbf\u95ee\u5916\u5c42<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">outer<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token operator\">&lt;&lt;<\/span>outer_loop<span class=\"token operator\">&gt;&gt;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">FOR<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">IN<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">3<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">FOR<\/span> j <span class=\"token operator\">IN<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1<\/span> <span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">3<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">EXIT<\/span> outer_loop <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> i <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">AND<\/span> j <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">2<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span>   <span class=\"token comment\">&#8212; \u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u51fa\u5916\u5c42\u5faa\u73af<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>i <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039;-&#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> j<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">LOOP<\/span> outer_loop<span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u5c42\u5faa\u73af\u60f3\u4ece\u6700\u91cc\u5c42\u4e00\u53e3\u6c14\u8df3\u51fa\u65f6&#xff0c;\u6807\u7b7e\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u5e72\u51c0\u7684\u5199\u6cd5&#xff0c;\u5426\u5219\u53ea\u80fd\u9760\u6807\u5fd7\u53d8\u91cf\u4e00\u5c42\u5c42\u4f20\u9012\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u516b\u3001SQL \u4e0e PL\/SQL \u7684\u4ea4\u4e92&#xff1a;SELECT INTO<\/h3>\n<p>PL\/SQL \u91cc\u67e5\u5355\u884c\u6570\u636e\u7528 SELECT INTO&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">DECLARE<\/span><br \/>\n  v_ename emp<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>ename<span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">TYPE<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  v_sal   emp<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>sal<span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">TYPE<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">SELECT<\/span> ename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> sal<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">INTO<\/span> v_ename<span class=\"token punctuation\">,<\/span> v_sal<br \/>\n    <span class=\"token keyword\">FROM<\/span> emp<br \/>\n   <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> empno <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">7788<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span>v_ename <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039; \u7684\u85aa\u6c34\u662f &#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> v_sal<span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\nEXCEPTION<br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> NO_DATA_FOUND <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u67e5\u65e0\u6b64\u4eba&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">WHEN<\/span> TOO_MANY_ROWS <span class=\"token keyword\">THEN<\/span><br \/>\n    dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u884c&#xff0c;WHERE \u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u591f\u4e25&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u7ea6\u5b9a&#xff1a;SELECT INTO \u53ea\u9002\u7528\u4e8e&#034;\u6700\u591a\u4e00\u884c&#034;\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u30020 \u884c\u629b NO_DATA_FOUND&#xff0c;\u591a\u4e8e\u4e00\u884c\u629b TOO_MANY_ROWS&#xff0c;\u4e24\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u90fd\u5f97\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u51c6\u5907\u3002\u591a\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u7684\u6e38\u6807\u3002DML \u8bed\u53e5\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5728\u5757\u91cc&#xff1a;<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"token keyword\">BEGIN<\/span><br \/>\n  <span class=\"token keyword\">UPDATE<\/span> emp <span class=\"token keyword\">SET<\/span> sal <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> sal <span class=\"token operator\">*<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">1.1<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">WHERE<\/span> deptno <span class=\"token operator\">&#061;<\/span> <span class=\"token number\">10<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n  dbms_output<span class=\"token punctuation\">.<\/span>put_line<span class=\"token punctuation\">(<\/span><span class=\"token string\">&#039;\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86 &#039;<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> <span class=\"token keyword\">SQL<\/span><span class=\"token operator\">%<\/span><span class=\"token keyword\">ROWCOUNT<\/span> <span class=\"token operator\">||<\/span> <span class=\"token string\">&#039; \u884c&#039;<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">)<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token keyword\">END<\/span><span class=\"token punctuation\">;<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"token operator\">\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u53d8\u91cf\u58f0\u660e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u951a\u5b9a\u5199\u6cd5&#xff1a;v_ename emp.ename%TYPE \u8ddf\u968f\u5217\u7c7b\u578b&#xff0c;v_emp emp%ROWTYPE \u4e00\u6b21\u62ff\u6574\u884c\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u8868\u7ed3\u6784\u53d8\u4e86\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0d\u7528\u8ddf\u7740\u6539&#xff0c;\u6bd4\u5199\u6b7b VARCHAR2(20) \u7a33\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5199\u5728\u6700\u540e<\/h3>\n<p>\u5757 &#061; DECLARE&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;&#043; BEGIN &#043; EXCEPTION&#xff08;\u53ef\u9009&#xff09;&#043; END&#xff0c;\u53ea\u6709 BEGIN\u2026END \u5fc5\u9700&#xff1b;SQL*Plus \u91cc\u5148 SET SERVEROUTPUT ON \u624d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8f93\u51fa&#xff1b;\u5206\u652f IF\/ELSIF\/ELSE \u4e0e CASE \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f&#xff0c;\u5faa\u73af LOOP\/WHILE\/FOR \u4e09\u9009\u4e00&#xff0c;\u6b21\u6570\u786e\u5b9a\u4f18\u5148 FOR&#xff1b;\u5185\u5c42\u5757\u53ef\u89c1\u5916\u5c42\u53d8\u91cf&#xff0c;\u540c\u540d\u4f1a\u906e\u853d&#xff0c;\u6807\u7b7e\u52a0\u9650\u5b9a\u540d\u53ef\u7834&#xff1b;SELECT INTO \u53ea\u7ba1\u4e00\u884c&#xff0c;0 \u884c\u4e0e\u591a\u884c\u5206\u522b\u629b NO_DATA_FOUND \u4e0e TOO_MANY_ROWS\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5f02\u5e38\u6b63\u662f\u4e0b\u4e00\u7bc7\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2&#xff1a;\u6e38\u6807\u4e0e\u5f02\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PL\/SQL \u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236 \u6587\u7ae0\u76ee\u5f55PL\/SQL \u5757\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0e\u6d41\u7a0b\u63a7\u5236\u524d\u8a00\u4e00\u3001\u5757\u7ed3\u6784&#xff1a;DECLARE \/ BEGIN \/ EXCEPTION \/ END\u4e8c\u3001\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5757\u4e0e serveroutput \u5f00\u5173\u4e09\u3001IF \/ ELSIF \/ ELSE\u56db\u3001CASE \u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5f62\u6001\u4e94\u3001\u4e09\u79cd\u5faa\u73af\u516d\u3001\u5d4c\u5957\u5757\u3001\u53d8\u91cf\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e0e\u906e\u853d\u4e03\u3001\u6807\u7b7e\u516b\u3001SQL \u4e0e PL\/SQL \u7684\u4ea4\u4e92&#xff1a;SELECT INTO\u5199\u5728\u6700\u540e\u524d\u8a00<br \/>\n\u4ece\u8fd9\u7bc7\u8d77\u8fdb\u5165 PL\/SQL\u3002\u5b83\u662f Oracle \u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5316\u6269\u5c55&amp;#xf<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[604,768,100],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-121210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-oracle","tag-sql","tag-100"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.3 - 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