{"id":120905,"date":"2026-11-01T20:08:48","date_gmt":"2026-11-01T12:08:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/120905.html"},"modified":"2026-11-01T20:08:48","modified_gmt":"2026-11-01T12:08:48","slug":"%e6%8e%a5%e5%8f%a3%e9%93%be%e8%b7%af%e7%bc%96%e6%8e%92%ef%bc%9a%e5%8f%82%e6%95%b0%e5%85%b3%e8%81%94%e3%80%81%e4%be%9d%e8%b5%96%e4%b8%8e%e5%a4%b1%e8%b4%a5%e5%88%86%e6%94%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/120905.html","title":{"rendered":"\u63a5\u53e3\u94fe\u8def\u7f16\u6392\uff1a\u53c2\u6570\u5173\u8054\u3001\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0e\u5931\u8d25\u5206\u652f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u63a5\u53e3\u94fe\u8def\u91cc\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5730\u65b9，\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u90fd\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519，\u53ea\u662f\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u5bf9：\u503c\u4ece\u54ea\u6765\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b97\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u7bc7\u628a\u4e09\u8005\u90fd\u53d8\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u91cc\u7684\u663e\u5f0f\u7ea6\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u914d\u5957\u811a\u672c\u5728 examples\/lab\/day33\/，\u56db\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u90fd\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8dd1\u3002\u4ee3\u7801\u5728 Windows\u3001Python 3.11 \u4e0b\u5b9e\u8dd1，pytest 3 passed\u3002<\/p>\n

🔗 \u4e00\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5173\u8054：\u503c\u5230\u5e95\u4ece\u54ea\u6765<\/h3>\n

\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u8981\u7528\u7684\u503c\u53ea\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90：\u5199\u6b7b\u7684\u3001\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u65e9\u67d0\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5199\u6b7b\u7684\u95ee\u9898 Day31 \u8bb2\u8fc7\u2014\u2014\u6362\u73af\u5883\u5c31\u6ca1\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u51fa\u6765：<\/p>\n

\u94fe\u8def = [
\n {"\u6b65\u9aa4": "\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355", "\u65b9\u6cd5": "POST", "\u8def\u5f84": "\/orders",
\n "\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53": {"user_id": "u1", "amount": "199.80"},
\n "\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801": 201,
\n "\u4ea7\u751f": {"order_id": "\u54cd\u5e94.order_id"}},
\n {"\u6b65\u9aa4": "\u652f\u4ed8\u8ba2\u5355", "\u65b9\u6cd5": "POST", "\u8def\u5f84": "\/orders\/{order_id}\/pay",
\n "\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53": {"status": "SUCCESS"}, "\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801": 200, "\u4ea7\u751f": {}},
\n {"\u6b65\u9aa4": "\u53d6\u6d88\u8ba2\u5355", "\u65b9\u6cd5": "POST", "\u8def\u5f84": "\/orders\/{order_id}\/cancel",
\n "\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53": {}, "\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801": 409, "\u4ea7\u751f": {}},
\n {"\u6b65\u9aa4": "\u67e5\u8ba2\u5355", "\u65b9\u6cd5": "GET", "\u8def\u5f84": "\/orders\/{order_id}",
\n "\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53": None, "\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801": 200, "\u4ea7\u751f": {}},
\n]<\/p>\n

\u300c\u4ea7\u751f\u300d\u8fd9\u4e00\u680f\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u5582\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u300d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u542b\u4e49\u3002requests \u89c1\u5b98\u65b9\u5feb\u901f\u4e0a\u624b，pytest.raises \u89c1\u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863，JSON \u8bfb\u5199\u89c1 Python \u5b98\u65b9\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6267\u884c\u5668<\/h4>\n

def \u53d6\u5b57\u6bb5(\u54cd\u5e94\u4f53, \u8def\u5f84\u4e32):
\n """\u4ece\u54cd\u5e94\u91cc\u6309 '\u54cd\u5e94.order_id' \u8fd9\u79cd\u5199\u6cd5\u53d6\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002"""
\n if \u8def\u5f84\u4e32.startswith("\u54cd\u5e94."):
\n \u8def\u5f84\u4e32 = \u8def\u5f84\u4e32[len("\u54cd\u5e94."):]
\n \u5f53\u524d = \u54cd\u5e94\u4f53
\n for \u4e00\u6bb5 in \u8def\u5f84\u4e32.split("."):
\n if isinstance(\u5f53\u524d, dict) and \u4e00\u6bb5 in \u5f53\u524d:
\n \u5f53\u524d = \u5f53\u524d[\u4e00\u6bb5]
\n else:
\n raise KeyError(f"\u54cd\u5e94\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709 {\u8def\u5f84\u4e32!r}，\u73b0\u6709：{\u5f53\u524d}")
\n return \u5f53\u524d<\/p>\n

def \u8dd1\u94fe\u8def(base, \u6b65\u9aa4\u4eec, \u53d8\u91cf=None):
\n \u53d8\u91cf = dict(\u53d8\u91cf or {})
\n \u6bcf\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c = []<\/p>\n

for \u6b65\u9aa4 in \u6b65\u9aa4\u4eec:
\n \u8def\u5f84 = \u6b65\u9aa4["\u8def\u5f84"]
\n for \u540d\u5b57, \u503c in \u53d8\u91cf.items():
\n \u8def\u5f84 = \u8def\u5f84.replace("{" + \u540d\u5b57 + "}", str(\u503c))
\n if "{" in \u8def\u5f84:
\n raise ValueError(f"\u6b65\u9aa4\u300c{\u6b65\u9aa4['\u6b65\u9aa4']}\u300d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8fd8\u6709\u6ca1\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u53d8\u91cf：{\u8def\u5f84}")<\/p>\n

if \u6b65\u9aa4["\u65b9\u6cd5"] == "GET":
\n \u54cd\u5e94 = requests.get(f"{base}{\u8def\u5f84}", timeout=5)
\n else:
\n \u54cd\u5e94 = requests.post(f"{base}{\u8def\u5f84}", json=\u6b65\u9aa4["\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53"], timeout=5)<\/p>\n

\u6bcf\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c.append({"\u6b65\u9aa4": \u6b65\u9aa4["\u6b65\u9aa4"], "\u72b6\u6001\u7801": \u54cd\u5e94.status_code,
\n "\u54cd\u5e94": \u54cd\u5e94.json()})<\/p>\n

for \u53d8\u91cf\u540d, \u6765\u6e90 in \u6b65\u9aa4.get("\u4ea7\u751f", {}).items():
\n \u53d8\u91cf[\u53d8\u91cf\u540d] = \u53d6\u5b57\u6bb5(\u54cd\u5e94.json(), \u6765\u6e90)<\/p>\n

return \u6bcf\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c, \u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

\u53d6\u5b57\u6bb5 \u91cc\u7684 raise KeyError \u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u3002 \u5b57\u6bb5\u540d\u5199\u9519\u65f6\u5b83\u8981\u8bf4\u6e05\u695a\u300c\u54cd\u5e94\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5，\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u300d，\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u629b\u4e00\u4e2a KeyError: 'order_id' \u8ba9\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u731c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u4ef7\u503c<\/h4>\n

\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4eba\u6539\u4e86\u94fe\u8def，\u628a\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u300c\u4ea7\u751f\u300d\u5220\u4e86：<\/p>\n

\u6b65\u9aa4\u300c\u652f\u4ed8\u8ba2\u5355\u300d\u7684\u5730\u5740\u8fd8\u6709\u6ca1\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u53d8\u91cf：\/orders\/{order_id}\/pay<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u70b8\u4e86，\u800c\u4e14\u8bf4\u5f97\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u52a0\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u8bdd，\u5b83\u4f1a\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u91cc\u5e26\u7740 {order_id} \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42，\u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u8fd4\u56de 404，\u7136\u540e\u4f60\u5f97\u5148\u60f3\u5230\u300c\u54e6\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u6ca1\u66ff\u6362\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u628a\u300c\u731c\u300d\u53d8\u6210\u300c\u770b\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

🔀 \u4e8c\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u5206\u652f：\u505c\u8fd8\u662f\u8df3\u8fc7<\/h3>\n

\u7528\u4e00\u6761\u4f1a\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u94fe\u8def：\u521b\u5efa \u2192 \u652f\u4ed8 \u2192 \u53d6\u6d88（\u5df2\u652f\u4ed8，\u5fc5\u7136 409） \u2192 \u67e5\u8ba2\u5355 \u2192 \u67e5\u652f\u4ed8\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b56\u7565\u4e00：\u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u505c<\/h4>\n

def \u7b56\u7565_\u9047\u5230\u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u505c(base, \u6b65\u9aa4\u4eec, \u53d8\u91cf=None):
\n \u53d8\u91cf = dict(\u53d8\u91cf or {})
\n \u7ed3\u679c = []
\n for \u6b65\u9aa4 in \u6b65\u9aa4\u4eec:
\n # … \u53d1\u8bf7\u6c42\u3001\u8bb0\u7ed3\u679c …
\n if \u54cd\u5e94.status_code >= 400:
\n \u7ed3\u679c[-1]["\u5904\u7406"] = "\u5931\u8d25，\u505c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc"
\n return \u7ed3\u679c, \u53d8\u91cf, "\u505c\u6b62" # \u76f4\u63a5\u7ed3\u675f\u6574\u6761\u94fe\u8def
\n return \u7ed3\u679c, \u53d8\u91cf, "\u5168\u90e8\u8dd1\u5b8c"<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u9645\u8dd1\u4e86 3 \u6b65，\u540e\u4e24\u6b65\u6ca1\u8dd1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b56\u7565\u4e8c：\u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u8df3\u8fc7<\/h4>\n

if \u54cd\u5e94.status_code >= 400:
\n \u7ed3\u679c[-1]["\u5904\u7406"] = "\u5931\u8d25，\u540e\u9762\u8df3\u8fc7"
\n \u8df3\u8fc7\u4e2d = True<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u6b65\u5168\u8bb0\u4e0b\u6765\u4e86，\u4f46\u540e\u4e24\u6b65\u6ca1\u771f\u8dd1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u600e\u4e48\u9009<\/h4>\n

\u5173\u952e\u95ee\u9898\u662f：\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u4f9d\u8d56\u524d\u9762\u5417？<\/p>\n\n\u540e\u9762\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u4f9d\u8d56\u524d\u9762\u5417\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n
\u67e5\u8ba2\u5355<\/td>\n\u4f9d\u8d56，\u53d6\u6d88\u5931\u8d25\u5b83\u5c31\u6ca1\u610f\u4e49<\/td>\n\u505c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u67e5\u652f\u4ed8\u8bb0\u5f55<\/td>\n\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56，\u53d6\u6d88\u5931\u8d25\u5b83\u8fd8\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u539f\u56e0<\/td>\n\u7ee7\u7eed\u8dd1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b65\u5176\u5b9e\u8be5\u5206\u5f00\u5904\u7406\u3002 \u300c\u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u505c\u300d\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u7b56\u7565，\u5b83\u592a\u7c97\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u6309\u6b65\u5199<\/h4>\n

{
\n "\u6b65\u9aa4": "\u67e5\u8ba2\u5355",
\n "\u65b9\u6cd5": "GET",
\n "\u8def\u5f84": "\/orders\/{order_id}",
\n "\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53": null,
\n "\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801": 200,
\n "\u4f9d\u8d56": ["\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355"],
\n "\u4f9d\u8d56\u5931\u8d25\u65f6": "\u8df3\u8fc7"
\n}<\/p>\n

\u300c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u300d\u8fd9\u4e00\u680f\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u91cd\u70b9：\u5199\u300c\u8df3\u8fc7\u300d\u8fd8\u662f\u300c\u505c\u6b62\u300d，\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u8fd8\u503c\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u8dd1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f9d\u8d56\u5199\u6e05\u695a\u4e4b\u540e，\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5224\u65ad\u5c31\u4ece\u4eba\u7684\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u642c\u5230\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

\u2705 \u4e09\u3001\u6bcf\u6b65\u5199\u6e05\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801<\/h3>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u90a3\u6761\u94fe\u8def\u91cc\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u8fd4\u56de 409\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5931\u8d25\u5417？<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u662f\u3002\u300c\u53d6\u6d88\u5df2\u652f\u4ed8\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u4f1a\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u300d\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u8981\u9a8c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u80fd\u5077\u61d2\u7528\u300c>= 400 \u5c31\u5f53\u5931\u8d25\u300d<\/h4>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u6837\u7684\u8bdd，\u300c\u53d6\u6d88\u5df2\u652f\u4ed8\u8ba2\u5355\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u62d2\u7edd\u300d\u8fd9\u6761\u7528\u4f8b\u6c38\u8fdc\u8dd1\u4e0d\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8dd1\u4e0d\u8fc7，\u5927\u5bb6\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e60\u60ef\u6027\u5730\u5ffd\u7565 409\u2014\u2014\u7136\u540e\u771f\u6b63\u7684 409 \u4e5f\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u662f\u63a5\u53e3\u6d4b\u8bd5\u91cc\u6700\u9690\u853d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9ebb\u6728：\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c38\u8fdc\u7ea2\u7684\u65ad\u8a00，\u7b49\u4e8e\u6ca1\u6709\u65ad\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6539\u6210\u300c\u548c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u81ea\u5df1\u5199\u7684\u671f\u671b\u6bd4\u300d：<\/p>\n

\u671f\u671b = \u6b65\u9aa4.get("\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801")
\n\u5b9e\u9645 = \u54cd\u5e94.status_code
\n\u7b26\u5408 = (\u671f\u671b is None) or (\u5b9e\u9645 == \u671f\u671b)<\/p>\n

if \u7b26\u5408:
\n for \u53d8\u91cf\u540d, \u6765\u6e90 in \u6b65\u9aa4.get("\u4ea7\u751f", {}).items():
\n \u53d8\u91cf[\u53d8\u91cf\u540d] = \u54cd\u5e94.json()[\u6765\u6e90.replace("\u54cd\u5e94.", "")]
\nelse:
\n \u7ed3\u679c[-1]["\u5904\u7406"] = "\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u671f\u671b"
\n if \u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u505c:
\n \u505c = True<\/p>\n

\u5b9e\u8dd1：<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 201 \u671f\u671b 201 \u7b26\u5408
\n\u652f\u4ed8\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 200 \u671f\u671b 200 \u7b26\u5408
\n\u53d6\u6d88\u5df2\u652f\u4ed8\u7684\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 409 \u671f\u671b 409 \u7b26\u5408
\n\u67e5\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 200 \u671f\u671b 200 \u7b26\u5408<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u5b9e\u9645 409\u3001\u671f\u671b 409，\u5b83\u662f\u7eff\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u671f\u671b\u5199\u9519\u4e86\u4f1a\u600e\u6837<\/h4>\n

\u628a\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u671f\u671b\u9519\u5199\u6210 200：<\/p>\n

\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 201 \u671f\u671b 201 \u7b26\u5408
\n\u652f\u4ed8\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 200 \u671f\u671b 200 \u7b26\u5408
\n\u53d6\u6d88\u5df2\u652f\u4ed8\u7684\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 409 \u671f\u671b 200 \u4e0d\u7b26\u5408 \u2190 \u6293\u5230\u4e86
\n\u67e5\u8ba2\u5355 \u5b9e\u9645 \u8df3\u8fc7 \u671f\u671b – \u4e0d\u7b26\u5408 \u2190 \u6293\u5230\u4e86<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u53e3\u8fd4\u56de 409 \u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684，\u4f46\u7528\u4f8b\u671f\u671b 200，\u6240\u4ee5\u7528\u4f8b\u7ea2\u4e86\u3002\u7ea2\u7684\u662f\u7528\u4f8b，\u4e0d\u662f\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ec6\u8282<\/h4>\n

\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u6b65\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u300c\u671f\u671b\u300d\u5b57\u6bb5（\u5b83\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u8dd1）\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u8981\u7528 .get("\u671f\u671b", "-")，\u522b\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0b\u6807\u2014\u2014\u5426\u5219\u8df3\u8fc7\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u4f1a\u8ba9\u6574\u4e2a\u62a5\u544a\u811a\u672c\u5d29\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n

🔁 \u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5fc5\u987b\u5199\u8fdb\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n

\u56e0\u4e3a\u300c\u8c01\u4f9d\u8d56\u8c01\u300d\u662f\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6，\u800c\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab review\u3002<\/p>\n

{
\n "\u6b65\u9aa4": "\u67e5\u8ba2\u5355",
\n "\u65b9\u6cd5": "GET",
\n "\u8def\u5f84": "\/orders\/{order_id}",
\n "\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53": null,
\n "\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801": 200,
\n "\u4f9d\u8d56": ["\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355"],
\n "\u4f9d\u8d56\u5931\u8d25\u65f6": "\u8df3\u8fc7"
\n}<\/p>\n

\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u884c：<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u522b\u4eba\u63d2\u5165\u65b0\u6b65\u9aa4\u65f6，\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u53d7\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f71\u54cd<\/li>\n
  • \u6267\u884c\u5668\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65\u6302\u4e86\u8be5\u8df3\u8fc7\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65<\/li>\n
  • \u300c\u67e5\u652f\u4ed8\u8bb0\u5f55\u300d\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4efb\u4f55\u4e1c\u897f\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4，\u5199 \u4f9d\u8d56: []，\u5b83\u5c31\u6c38\u8fdc\u8dd1<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u573a\u666f：\u94fe\u8def\u8dd1\u5230\u4e00\u534a\u65ad\u4e86<\/h4>\n

    \u7ebf\u4e0a\u6392\u67e5\u5e38\u89c1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9700\u6c42：\u300c\u8dd1\u5230\u7b2c 3 \u6b65\u5931\u8d25\u4e86，\u770b\u770b\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5982\u679c\u94fe\u8def\u662f\u300c\u5931\u8d25\u5c31\u505c\u300d，\u4f60\u53ea\u6709\u524d 3 \u6b65\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 \u4f46\u7b2c 4\u30015 \u6b65\u7684\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u80fd\u624d\u662f\u5173\u952e\u2014\u2014\u7b2c 4 \u6b65\u662f\u300c\u67e5\u652f\u4ed8\u8bb0\u5f55\u300d，\u5b83\u80fd\u89e3\u91ca\u7b2c 3 \u6b65\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6240\u4ee5\u300c\u505c\u300d\u548c\u300c\u8df3\u8fc7\u300d\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8c\u9009\u4e00，\u8981\u6309\u6b65\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

    🧩 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0a\u7684\u7ec6\u8282：\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u7684\u4f20\u9012<\/h3>\n

    def \u8dd1\u94fe\u8def(base, \u6b65\u9aa4\u4eec, \u53d8\u91cf=None):
    \n \u53d8\u91cf = dict(\u53d8\u91cf or {})
    \n …
    \n for \u53d8\u91cf\u540d, \u6765\u6e90 in \u6b65\u9aa4.get("\u4ea7\u751f", {}).items():
    \n \u53d8\u91cf[\u53d8\u91cf\u540d] = \u53d6\u5b57\u6bb5(\u54cd\u5e94.json(), \u6765\u6e90)
    \n return \u6bcf\u6b65\u7ed3\u679c, \u53d8\u91cf<\/p>\n

    \u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u662f\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u300c\u516c\u5171\u9ed1\u677f\u300d，\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u5f80\u91cc\u5199\u3001\u4e5f\u4ece\u91cc\u9762\u8bfb\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u597d\u5904\u662f\u7b80\u5355，\u574f\u5904\u662f\u540d\u5b57\u4f1a\u649e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u4ea7\u751f order_id，\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u6240\u4ee5\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u6700\u597d\u5e26\u4e0a\u6765\u6e90：<\/p>\n

    {
    \n "\u4ea7\u751f": {"\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u7684order_id": "\u54cd\u5e94.order_id"}
    \n}<\/p>\n

    \u4ee3\u4ef7\u662f\u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u957f\u4e86（\/orders\/{\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u7684order_id}）\u3002\u4e24\u79cd\u505a\u6cd5\u6211\u4e00\u822c\u9009\u540e\u8005\u2014\u2014\u53d8\u91cf\u649e\u540d\u662f\u90a3\u79cd\u300c\u8dd1\u4e00\u6b21\u6ca1\u4e8b\u3001\u8dd1\u5341\u6b21\u5076\u5c14\u9519\u4e00\u6b21\u300d\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u6bd4\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u96be\u67e5\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

    🧪 \u94fe\u8def\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6d4b<\/h3>\n

    def test_\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u90fd\u7b26\u5408\u671f\u671b(\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1):
    \n \u7ed3\u679c, \u53d8\u91cf = \u8dd1\u94fe\u8def(\u672c\u5730\u670d\u52a1, \u94fe\u8def)
    \n assert all(r.get("\u7b26\u5408") for r in \u7ed3\u679c)
    \n assert \u53d8\u91cf["order_id"] == "2001"<\/p>\n

    \u8fd9\u548c\u6d4b\u5355\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u3002 \u5355\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53ea\u770b\u90a3\u4e00\u6b21\u54cd\u5e94；\u94fe\u8def\u6d4b\u8bd5\u770b\u7684\u662f\u300c\u6574\u6761\u6d41\u7a0b\u8d70\u4e0b\u6765，\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u90fd\u6210\u7acb\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1 bug \u662f：\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u9020\u7684\u6570\u636e\u88ab\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u6539\u574f\u4e86，\u4f46\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u5355\u72ec\u770b\u90fd\u7eff\u3002 \u94fe\u8def\u6d4b\u8bd5\u80fd\u6293\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n

    📋 \u4e00\u4efd\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u6284\u7684\u94fe\u8def\u6a21\u677f<\/h3>\n

    {
    \n "\u6b65\u9aa4": "\u67e5\u8ba2\u5355",
    \n "\u65b9\u6cd5": "GET",
    \n "\u8def\u5f84": "\/orders\/{order_id}",
    \n "\u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53": null,
    \n "\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801": 200,
    \n "\u4f9d\u8d56": ["\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355"],
    \n "\u4f9d\u8d56\u5931\u8d25\u65f6": "\u8df3\u8fc7"
    \n}<\/p>\n

    \u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c11：<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801 \u2014\u2014 \u4e0d\u5199\u5c31\u9000\u56de\u300c>= 400 \u5c31\u5f53\u5931\u8d25\u300d，\u90a3\u6761\u6c38\u8fdc\u7ea2\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u5c31\u56de\u6765\u4e86<\/li>\n
    • \u4f9d\u8d56 \u2014\u2014 \u4f9d\u8d56\u54ea\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684\u53d8\u91cf<\/li>\n
    • \u4f9d\u8d56\u5931\u8d25\u65f6 \u2014\u2014 \u8df3\u8fc7\u8fd8\u662f\u505c\u6b62<\/li>\n
    • \u65b9\u6cd5 \/ \u8def\u5f84 \/ \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f53 \u2014\u2014 \u8bf7\u6c42\u672c\u8eab<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u300c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u300d\u5199\u300c\u8df3\u8fc7\u300d\u8fd8\u662f\u300c\u505c\u6b62\u300d，\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u8fd8\u503c\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\u8dd1\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u649e\u540d\u5177\u4f53\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u53d1\u751f\u7684<\/h4>\n

      \u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u901a\u5b57\u5178，\u952e\u662f\u53d8\u91cf\u540d，\u503c\u662f\u5185\u5bb9：<\/p>\n

      \u53d8\u91cf = {}
      \n\u53d8\u91cf["order_id"] = "2001" # \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5199\u5165
      \n\u53d8\u91cf["order_id"] = "2002" # \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u53c8\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a，\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u9876\u6389
      \nprint(\u53d8\u91cf) # {'order_id': '2002'}<\/p>\n

      \u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u8b66\u544a\u3002 \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea7\u51fa\u7684 2001 \u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u6ca1\u4e86，\u800c\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u4f1a\u62ff\u5230 2002\u2014\u2014\u7136\u540e\u62ff\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u8ba2\u5355\u53f7\u53bb\u67e5，\u63a5\u53e3\u56de 404，\u4f60\u5374\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6761\u89c4\u77e9\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u597d\u770b\u300d，\u662f\u9632\u6b62\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u9ed8\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u3002<\/p>\n

      🔁 \u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u89c4\u77e9<\/h3>\n

      \u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u8981\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u5b83\u4ece\u54ea\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u53d8\u91cf\u8868\u662f\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u516c\u5171\u9ed1\u677f，\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u4ea7\u751f order_id \u5c31\u4f1a\u649e\u540d\u3002\u800c\u649e\u540d\u8fd9\u79cd bug \u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u73b0\u7684\u2014\u2014\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6b65\u9aa4\u8dd1\u5230\u54ea\u3001\u6267\u884c\u987a\u5e8f\u3001\u5f53\u65f6\u8868\u91cc\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u6240\u4ee5\u53d8\u91cf\u540d\u5e26\u4e0a\u6765\u6e90：<\/p>\n

      {
      \n "\u4ea7\u751f": {"\u521b\u5efa\u8ba2\u5355\u7684order_id": "\u54cd\u5e94.order_id"}
      \n}<\/p>\n

      \u8def\u5f84\u53d8\u957f\u4e86，\u4f46\u53d8\u91cf\u649e\u540d\u662f\u90a3\u79cd\u300c\u8dd1\u4e00\u6b21\u6ca1\u4e8b\u3001\u8dd1\u5341\u6b21\u5076\u5c14\u9519\u4e00\u6b21\u300d\u7684\u95ee\u9898，\u6bd4\u8def\u5f84\u957f\u96be\u67e5\u5f97\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

      🔍 \u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u7acb\u523b\u7528\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c<\/h3>\n

      \u62ff\u4f60\u624b\u4e0a\u4efb\u610f\u4e00\u6761\u94fe\u8def，\u628a\u8fd9\u4e09\u5904\u8865\u4e0a：<\/p>\n

    • \u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u300c\u671f\u671b\u72b6\u6001\u7801\u300d<\/li>\n
    • \u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u300c\u4f9d\u8d56\u300d\u548c\u300c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5931\u8d25\u65f6\u300d<\/li>\n
    • \u628a\u5199\u6b7b\u7684\u7f16\u53f7\u6539\u6210\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u4ea7\u751f\u7684<\/li>\n

      \u6539\u5b8c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0，\u94fe\u8def\u91cc\u90a3\u4e9b\u300c\u6211\u8bb0\u5f97\u5b83\u5e94\u8be5\u5931\u8d25\u300d\u7684\u5730\u65b9，\u7ec8\u4e8e\u5199\u4e0b\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u800c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u90fd\u85cf\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u8111\u5b50\u91cc，\u6216\u8005\u85cf\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8bb0\u6027\u91cc\u3002\u663e\u5f0f\u7ea6\u5b9a\u624d\u80fd\u88ab review，\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u7684\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

      📝 \u4e09\u4e2a\u7ec3\u4e60<\/h3>\n

      \u7b54\u6848\u5728 04_answer.py，9 \u6761\u65ad\u8a00，pytest 3 passed\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7ec3\u4e60\u4e00：\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u53d8\u91cf == {"order_id": "2001"}，\u4e14\u7b2c 2\u30013\u30014 \u6b65\u7528\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53f7\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7ec3\u4e60\u4e8c：\u671f\u671b 409 \u662f\u7eff\u7684\u3002\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u5b9e\u9645 409\u3001\u671f\u671b 409\u3001\u5224\u5b9a\u7b26\u5408，\u4e14\u5168\u90e8\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u7b26\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7ec3\u4e60\u4e09：\u671f\u671b\u5199\u9519\u65f6\u7ea2\u7684\u662f\u7528\u4f8b\u3002\u63a5\u53e3\u4ecd\u8fd4\u56de 409（\u5bf9\u7684），\u4f46\u7528\u4f8b\u671f\u671b 200，\u5224\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

      📌 \u4eca\u5929\u5e26\u8d70\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u89c4\u5219<\/h3>\n

      \u4e09\u6837\u90fd\u5199\u6210\u914d\u7f6e\u91cc\u7684\u663e\u5f0f\u7ea6\u5b9a：\u503c\u4ece\u54ea\u6765\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u4e86\u600e\u4e48\u529e\u3001\u4ec0\u4e48\u7b97\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u7406\u7531\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u914d\u7f6e\u6bd4\u4ee3\u7801\u597d\u770b\u300d，\u800c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e09\u6837\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u9690\u542b\u7ea6\u5b9a\u53ea\u5728\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4eba\u8111\u5b50\u91cc，\u663e\u5f0f\u7ea6\u5b9a\u624d\u80fd\u88ab review\u3002<\/p>\n

      🚧 \u4eca\u5929\u6ca1\u505a\u7684<\/h3>\n
        \n
      • \u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u56fe\u6392\u5e8f\u3002 \u4eca\u5929\u9760\u914d\u7f6e\u91cc\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u8868\u8fbe\u4f9d\u8d56，\u6ca1\u505a\u62d3\u6251\u6392\u5e8f<\/li>\n
      • \u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u91cd\u8bd5\u3002 \u5931\u8d25\u540e\u91cd\u8bd5\u51e0\u6b21\u3001\u9000\u907f\u591a\u4e45，\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u5b9a<\/li>\n
      • \u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u5e76\u53d1\u94fe\u8def\u3002 \u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u53d1\u6267\u884c，\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u53d8\u91cf\u51b2\u7a81<\/li>\n
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