{"id":119688,"date":"2026-10-30T06:16:32","date_gmt":"2026-10-29T22:16:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119688.html"},"modified":"2026-10-30T06:16:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T22:16:32","slug":"%e7%ac%ac%e4%b9%9d%e7%ab%a0-%e7%bb%93%e6%9e%84%e4%bd%93%e3%80%81%e6%9e%9a%e4%b8%be%e7%b1%bb%e5%9e%8b%e5%92%8c%e9%93%be%e8%a1%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119688.html","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u94fe\u8868"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u94fe\u8868<\/h2>\n

1. \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/h3>\n

1.1 \u9879\u76ee\u5f15\u5165-\u6210\u7ee9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6539\u7248<\/h4>\n

\u5148\u628a\u51fa\u4e8b\u90a3\u7248\u644a\u5f00\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u6392，\u52a0\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e4b\u540e\u957f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n string names[5] = { "\u5f20\u4e09", "\u674e\u56db", "\u738b\u4e94", "\u8d75\u516d", "\u5b59\u4e03" };
\n int scores[5] = { 78, 92, 55, 100, 88 };
\n int classes[5] = { 1, 2, 1, 2, 1 };<\/p>\n

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
\n cout << names[i] << " " << classes[i] << "\u73ed "
\n << scores[i] << "\u5206" << endl;
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u8dd1\u8d77\u6765\u4e00\u5207\u6b63\u5e38\u3002\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5728\u80fd\u8dd1，\u5728\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u5199\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u4eba\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u3002\u54ea\u5929\u52a0\u4e2a\u5bb6\u957f\u7535\u8bdd，\u5c31\u662f\u7b2c\u56db\u6761\u961f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u5e76\u884c\u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u6697\u7ebf \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u4e24\u6761\u961f，\u4e00\u6761\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u7ebf \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u5e76\u6392\u7684\u4e24\u6761\u961f \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u540d\u5b57\u961f \u5206\u6570\u961f \u2502
\n\u2502 +—+—+—+ +—+—+—+ \u2502
\n\u2502 | \u5f20 | \u674e | \u738b | |78 |92 |55 | \u2502
\n\u2502 +—+—+—+ +—+—+—+ \u2502
\n\u2502 ^ ^ \u2502
\n\u2502 +—– \u9760\u4f60\u8bb0 —–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u4e0b\u6807\u5bf9\u9f50\u5168\u51ed\u81ea\u89c9，\u52a0\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u5b57\u6bb5 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u5c31\u5f97\u518d\u7275\u4e00\u6761，\u7ebf\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u5bb9\u6613\u9519 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u8def\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd，\u628a\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u710a\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u3001\u73ed\u7ea7\u3001\u5206\u6570\u88c5\u8fdb\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50，\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5b57\u6bb5\u90fd\u5199\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc，\u4e0d\u7528\u4eba\u8111\u7275\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

struct Student {
\n string name;
\n int grade;
\n int score;
\n};<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Student stu[5] = {
\n { "\u5f20\u4e09", 1, 78 },
\n { "\u674e\u56db", 2, 92 },
\n { "\u738b\u4e94", 1, 55 },
\n { "\u8d75\u516d", 2, 100 },
\n { "\u5b59\u4e03", 1, 88 },
\n };<\/p>\n

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
\n cout << stu[i].name << " " << stu[i].grade << "\u73ed "
\n << stu[i].score << "\u5206" << endl;
\n }
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u6761\u961f\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u961f，\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u4f4f\u4e09\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u60f3\u52a0\u5bb6\u957f\u7535\u8bdd，\u5f80 struct \u91cc\u52a0\u4e00\u884c，\u522b\u5904\u4e0d\u52a8\u3002\u6392\u5e8f\u4e5f\u7b80\u5355\u4e86，\u4ea4\u6362\u6574\u4e2a Student，\u540d\u5b57\u73ed\u7ea7\u5206\u6570\u6346\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u8d70，\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u7275\u9519\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u4e09\u6761\u961f\u5e76\u6210\u4e00\u6761\u961f \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u4e00\u683c\u4f4f\u4e09\u6837，\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u7275\u7ebf \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 struct Student { \u2502
\n\u2502 string name; \u2502
\n\u2502 int score; \u2502
\n\u2502 }; \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————+——————–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |\u5199\u6cd5 |\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f | \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————+——————–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |stu[0].name |\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u540d\u5b57 | \u2502
\n\u2502 |stu[0].score |\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5206\u6570 | \u2502
\n\u2502 |stu[2].score |\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5206\u6570 | \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————+——————–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u540d\u5b57\u548c\u5206\u6570\u88c5\u8fdb\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u5173\u7cfb\u4e0d\u7528\u518d\u9760\u4eba\u8111\u8bb0 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

1.2 struct \u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/h4>\n

struct \u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u56fa\u5b9a，struct \u52a0\u540d\u5b57，\u4e00\u5bf9\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7，\u5b57\u6bb5\u6328\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e，\u5206\u53f7\u6536\u5c3e\u3002\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b66\u8fc7\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u79cd，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd8\u662f\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

struct Student {
\n string name;
\n int grade;
\n int score;
\n};<\/p>\n

\u8bb0\u4f4f\u5b9a\u4e49\u672b\u5c3e\u90a3\u4e2a\u5206\u53f7\u3002\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u540e\u9762\u6f0f\u4e86\u5b83，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u62a5\u9519\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u80fd\u98d8\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c，\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u89c1\u5bb9\u6613\u53d1\u61f5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8ddf\u7740\u6570\u7ec4\u5b66，\u4e00\u4e32\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5bf9\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n

Student a = { "\u5f20\u4e09", 1, 78 }; \/\/ \u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u5168\u7ed9
\nStudent b { "\u674e\u56db", 2, 92 }; \/\/ \u7b49\u53f7\u7701\u7565\u4e5f\u884c
\nStudent c = { "\u738b\u4e94", 1 }; \/\/ \u53ea\u7ed9\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a，\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u8865\u96f6
\nStudent d; \/\/ \u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7ed9，\u91cc\u9762\u662f\u5783\u573e\u503c<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u7ed9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u96f6，\u548c\u6570\u7ec4\u4e00\u4e2a\u813e\u6c14\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u7ed9\u7684\u90a3\u79cd，score \u91cc\u662f\u5185\u5b58\u6b8b\u7559，\u8bfb\u51fa\u6765\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6570\u5168\u770b\u8fd0\u6c14，\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u52a1\u5fc5\u5148\u8d4b\u503c\u3002C++11 \u8d77\u8fd8\u80fd\u7f3a\u7701\u5b57\u6bb5\u503c，\u5199\u5728\u5b9a\u4e49\u91cc，\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n

struct Student {
\n string name;
\n int grade = 1;
\n int score = 0;
\n};<\/p>\n

Student e = { "\u8d75\u516d" }; \/\/ grade \u662f 1，score \u662f 0<\/p>\n

1.3 \u6210\u5458\u8bbf\u95ee，\u70b9\u53f7\u548c\u7bad\u5934<\/h4>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u53d8\u91cf\u53d6\u6210\u5458\u7528\u70b9\u53f7，\u6307\u9488\u53d6\u6210\u5458\u7528\u7bad\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

struct Student {
\n string name;
\n int score;
\n};<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Student stu = { "\u5f20\u4e09", 78 };
\n Student *p = &stu;<\/p>\n

cout << stu.name << " " << stu.score << endl; \/\/ \u5f20\u4e09 78
\n cout << p->name << " " << p->score << endl; \/\/ \u5f20\u4e09 78
\n cout << (*p).name << endl; \/\/ \u5f20\u4e09<\/p>\n

stu.score = 90;
\n cout << p->score << endl; \/\/ 90<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u4e00\u4e2a\u683c\u5b50\u4f4f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u6210\u5458\u6309\u58f0\u660e\u987a\u5e8f\u6392 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502struct Point { int x; int y; }; \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502+——–+——–+ \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502| x | y | \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502+——–+——–+ \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u5e38\u89c1\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u4e24\u4e2a int \u5171\u516b\u5b57\u8282 \u2502
\n\u2502 Student \u91cc\u542b string，\u591a\u5927\u770b\u5b9e\u73b0 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u6210\u5458\u6309\u58f0\u660e\u987a\u5e8f\u6392，\u4e2d\u95f4\u53ef\u80fd\u8865\u9f50 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u70b9\u53f7\u548c\u7bad\u5934\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u8def\u3002p->score \u5c31\u662f (*p).score \u7684\u7f29\u5199，\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b，\u7bad\u5934\u7eaf\u7cb9\u5c11\u6253\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u3002\u6307\u9488\u6539\u6210\u5458，\u539f\u53d8\u91cf\u8ddf\u7740\u53d8，\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u89e3\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u89c4\u77e9\u5728\u8fd9\u63a5\u7740\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

1.4 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u7ec4\u4e0e\u5d4c\u5957<\/h4>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u6570\u7ec4\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u6761\u961f，\u6bcf\u683c\u4f4f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u8bb0\u5f55，\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282\u7684 Student stu[5] \u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u4e86\u3002\u53d6\u7b2c i \u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5206\u6570，stu[i].score，\u4e0b\u6807\u548c\u70b9\u53f7\u8fde\u7528，\u5148\u6311\u683c\u5b50\u518d\u53d6\u5b57\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5957\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u4e5f\u81ea\u7136，\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

struct Date {
\n int year;
\n int month;
\n int day;
\n};<\/p>\n

struct Student {
\n string name;
\n Date birthday;
\n int score;
\n};<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Student stu = { "\u5f20\u4e09", { 2005, 9, 1 }, 78 };<\/p>\n

cout << stu.name << " " << stu.birthday.year << "\u5e74"
\n << stu.birthday.month << "\u6708" << stu.birthday.day << "\u65e5 "
\n << stu.score << "\u5206" << endl;<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u70b9\u53f7\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fde\u7740\u5199，stu.birthday.year \u4e00\u5c42\u5c42\u5f80\u91cc\u8d70\u3002\u5d4c\u5957\u522b\u8d2a\u6df1，\u4e24\u5c42\u591f\u7528，\u4e09\u5c42\u4ee5\u4e0a\u8bfb\u8d77\u6765\u8d39\u52b2，\u8be5\u62c6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u62c6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u5b57\u6bb5\u6309\u58f0\u660e\u987a\u5e8f\u6392，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u585e\u8865\u9f50\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u770b\u4e2a\u5e72\u51c0\u7684，\u4e24\u4e2a int \u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53，\u5e38\u89c1\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5360\u516b\u5b57\u8282，\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u6328\u7740\u5750\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u70b9\u53f7\u548c\u7bad\u5934 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u53d8\u91cf\u7528\u70b9，\u6307\u9488\u7528\u7bad\u5934 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————–+———————-+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |\u624b\u4e0a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48 |\u8bbf\u95ee\u6210\u5458\u7684\u5199\u6cd5 | \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————–+———————-+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |Student \u53d8\u91cf |stu.name | \u2502
\n\u2502 |Student \u6307\u9488 |p->name | \u2502
\n\u2502 |\u60f3\u7528\u70b9\u7684\u573a\u5408 |(*p).name \u4e5f\u5bf9 | \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————–+———————-+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u7bad\u5934\u662f\u70b9\u7684\u7f29\u5199，\u4e24\u6761\u7ebf\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b \u2502
\n\u2502 -> \u524d\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u4e2a\u5730\u5740 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

1.5 \u5185\u5b58\u5bf9\u9f50，8 \u5bf9 12<\/h4>\n

\u540c\u6837\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5，\u6362\u4e2a\u987a\u5e8f\u6392，\u5360\u5730\u80fd\u5dee\u4e00\u534a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u62a0\u95e8，\u662f\u5bf9\u9f50\u5728\u7ba1\u4e8b\u3002int \u7231\u5750\u5728\u56db\u7684\u500d\u6570\u5730\u5740\u4e0a，char \u54ea\u513f\u90fd\u80fd\u5750\u3002struct A \u91cc\u4e24\u4e2a char \u6324\u5728\u524d\u5934，\u8865\u9f50\u4e24\u5b57\u8282，int \u5750\u7b2c\u56db\u683c\u8d77，\u603b\u5171\u516b\u5b57\u8282\u3002struct B \u91cc char \u5750\u7b2c\u4e00\u683c，int \u5f97\u632a\u5230\u7b2c\u4e94\u683c\u8d77，\u672b\u5c3e\u90a3\u4e2a char \u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u5f97\u518d\u8865\u4e09\u5b57\u8282，\u603b\u5171\u5341\u4e8c\u5b57\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u8865\u9f50\u7684\u7a7a\u5730 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u540c\u6837\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5，\u6392\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u5360\u5730\u5dee\u4e00\u534a \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 struct A { char c1; char c2; int n; }; \u2502
\n\u2502 +–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |c1|c2|\u8865|\u8865| n | \u2502
\n\u2502 +–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 struct B { char c1; int n; char c2; }; \u2502
\n\u2502 +–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |c1|\u8865|\u8865|\u8865| n |c2|\u8865|\u8865|\u8865| \u2502
\n\u2502 +–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u516b\u5b57\u8282\u5bf9\u5341\u4e8c\u5b57\u8282，\u8865\u9f50\u7684\u7a7a\u5730\u5360\u7740\u4e0d\u7528 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u5927\u7684\u5148\u58f0\u660e，\u5c0f\u7684\u968f\u540e\u8ddf \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u4e0d\u7528\u80cc\u89c4\u5219，\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e00\u6761\u5c31\u591f，\u5b57\u6bb5\u6309\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u58f0\u660e，char \u653e\u4e00\u5806，int \u653e\u4e00\u5806，string \u653e\u6700\u524d，\u8865\u9f50\u7684\u7a7a\u5730\u80fd\u5c11\u4e00\u5927\u5757\u3002sizeof \u968f\u65f6\u95ee，\u522b\u731c\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

struct A { char c1; char c2; int n; };
\nstruct B { char c1; int n; char c2; };
\nstruct C { int n; char c1; char c2; };<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n cout << sizeof(A) << " " << sizeof(B) << " " << sizeof(C) << endl;
\n return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u89c1\u5e73\u53f0\u8f93\u51fa 8 12 8\u3002A \u548c C \u5b57\u6bb5\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837，\u53ea\u6362\u4e86\u987a\u5e8f，\u4e00\u6837\u5927\u3002B \u767d\u767d\u80d6\u51fa\u56db\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u884c\u4e3a\u8ddf\u5e73\u53f0\u8d70，\u6362\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c，sizeof \u81ea\u5df1\u95ee\u624d\u4f5c\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n

1.6 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u8fdb\u51fd\u6570<\/h4>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u5f53\u53c2\u6570，\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u90a3\u4e09\u6761\u8def\u539f\u6837\u9002\u7528，\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u3001\u6307\u9488\u3001\u5f15\u7528\u3002Student \u8fd9\u79cd\u4e2a\u5934\u5927\u7684，\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u8981\u6574\u4efd\u62f7\u8d1d，\u80fd\u7701\u5219\u7701\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\n#include <string>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

struct Student {
\n string name;
\n int score;
\n};<\/p>\n

void printByValue(Student s) {
\n cout << s.name << " " << s.score << endl;
\n}<\/p>\n

void raise(Student *p, int delta) {
\n p->score += delta;
\n}<\/p>\n

void show(const Student &s) {
\n cout << s.name << " " << s.score << endl;
\n}<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Student stu = { "\u5f20\u4e09", 78 };<\/p>\n

printByValue(stu); \/\/ \u5f20\u4e09 78，\u526f\u672c\u6539\u4e0d\u52a8\u539f\u503c
\n raise(&stu, 5); \/\/ \u5f20\u4e09 83
\n show(stu); \/\/ \u5f20\u4e09 83<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u8fc7\u95e8\u7684\u89c4\u77e9 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u4e00\u6761\u6570\u636e\u8fc7\u95e8，\u4e09\u6761\u8def \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 +—————-+—————-+————–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |\u5199\u6cd5 |\u5f62\u53c2\u62ff\u5230\u5565 |\u6539\u5f97\u52a8\u5417 | \u2502
\n\u2502 +—————-+—————-+————–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |Student s |\u6574\u4efd\u62f7\u8d1d |\u6539\u7684\u662f\u526f\u672c | \u2502
\n\u2502 |Student *p |\u4e00\u4e2a\u5730\u5740 |\u6539\u5f97\u4e86 | \u2502
\n\u2502 |const Student &s|\u539f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u522b\u540d |\u53ea\u8bfb | \u2502
\n\u2502 +—————-+—————-+————–+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u5c0f\u7684\u4f20\u503c\u7701\u5fc3，\u5927\u7684\u4f20\u5f15\u7528 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u4e0d\u78b0\u539f\u6570\u636e，const \u710a\u6b7b\u5728\u524d\u9762 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u8bfb\u7684\u573a\u5408，const Student &s \u662f\u9996\u9009，\u4e0d\u62f7\u8d1d\u53c8\u78b0\u4e0d\u4e86\u539f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8981\u6539\u7684\u573a\u5408，\u5f15\u7528\u548c\u6307\u9488\u90fd\u884c，\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u8bb2\u8fc7\u600e\u4e48\u6311，\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u503c\u4f20\u9012，\u8981\u6539\u6570\u636e\u7528\u5f15\u7528\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u8fd8\u80fd\u5f53\u8fd4\u56de\u503c，return \u4e00\u4e2a Student \u56de\u53bb，\u8c03\u7528\u70b9\u63a5\u4f4f，\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u8bf4\u8fc7\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u89c4\u77e9\u4e00\u6837\u7ba1\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b<\/h3>\n

2.1 0 1 2 \u8bf4\u4e0d\u6e05<\/h4>\n

\u72b6\u6001\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b57\u6bb5，\u65b0\u624b\u6700\u7231\u62ff\u5c0f\u6574\u6570\u51d1\u30020 \u662f\u5f85\u673a，1 \u662f\u8fd0\u884c，2 \u662f\u505c\u673a，\u5199\u8d77\u6765\u5feb，\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u6ca1\u4eba\u8ba4\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n

int state = 0;
\nif (state == 0) { \/* \u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48 *\/ }
\nif (state == 1) { \/* \u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48 *\/ }<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\u5f53\u65f6\u770b\u5f97\u61c2，\u9694\u5929\u5c31\u7cca\u6d82\u30020 \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u72b6\u6001，1 \u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u72b6\u6001，\u7ffb\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ffb\u5230\u773c\u82b1\u3002\u66f4\u9669\u7684\u662f\u62fc\u5199，state == 3 \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e0d\u7ba1，\u8dd1\u51fa\u602a\u73b0\u8c61\u6162\u6162\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u6570\u5b57\u6ca1\u540d\u5b57 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 0 1 2 \u662f\u8c01\u7684\u5929\u4e0b \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————–+————————+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc |\u4e09\u4e2a\u6708\u540e | \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————–+————————+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |if (state == 0) |0 \u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u72b6\u6001 | \u2502
\n\u2502 |if (state == 1) |1 \u53c8\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u72b6\u6001 | \u2502
\n\u2502 |if (state == 2) |\u7ffb\u5b9a\u4e49\u53bb，\u7d2f | \u2502
\n\u2502 +——————–+————————+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u6362\u6210\u540d\u5b57\u5199，\u4ee3\u7801\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u8bf4\u8bdd \u2502
\n\u2502 \u540d\u5b57\u9876\u66ff\u6570\u5b57，\u9519\u62fc\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c31\u62e6 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u679a\u4e3e\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u6570\u5b57\u4e0a\u6237\u53e3\u3002\u7ed9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u8d77\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57，\u4ee3\u7801\u81ea\u5df1\u4f1a\u8bf4\u8bdd\u3002<\/p>\n

enum State { IDLE, RUNNING, STOPPED };<\/p>\n

State s = RUNNING;
\nif (s == RUNNING) { \/* \u5e72\u4ec0\u4e48 *\/ }<\/p>\n

\u540d\u5b57\u9876\u66ff\u6570\u5b57，\u9519\u62fc\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bcd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c31\u62e6\u4e0b，\u8fd9\u6bd4\u9ed8\u9ed8\u8dd1\u9519\u5f3a\u592a\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n

2.2 enum \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7528\u6cd5<\/h4>\n

\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u6761\u679a\u4e3e，enum \u52a0\u540d\u5b57，\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u91cc\u5217\u540d\u5b57，\u9017\u53f7\u9694\u5f00，\u5206\u53f7\u6536\u5c3e\u3002<\/p>\n

enum Color { RED, GREEN, BLUE };<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u5199\u503c\u65f6\u4ece 0 \u8d77\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u53f7，RED \u662f 0，GREEN \u662f 1，BLUE \u662f 2\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4ece\u54ea\u513f\u8d77\u5934，\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53ea\u7ed9\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

enum Level { LOW = 1, MID = 5, HIGH = 10 }; \/\/ LOW 1，MID 5，HIGH 10
\nenum Err { OK, WARN = 100, FATAL }; \/\/ OK 0，WARN 100，FATAL 101<\/p>\n

\u540e\u9762\u7684\u503c\u8ddf\u7740\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d70，FATAL \u662f 101，\u4e0d\u662f 2\u3002\u8fd9\u70b9\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u8d70\u773c，\u7f16\u53f7\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u8fde\u7eed\u3002<\/p>\n

\u679a\u4e3e\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u80fd\u6bd4\u5927\u5c0f，switch \u91cc\u4e5f\u80fd\u7528，\u7b2c\u4e03\u7ae0\u7684 switch \u914d\u5b83\u6b63\u5408\u9002\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

enum Level { LOW = 1, MID = 5, HIGH = 10 };<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Level lv = HIGH;<\/p>\n

switch (lv) {
\n case LOW: cout << "\u4f4e" << endl; break;
\n case MID: cout << "\u4e2d" << endl; break;
\n case HIGH: cout << "\u9ad8" << endl; break;
\n }<\/p>\n

cout << (MID < HIGH) << endl; \/\/ 1<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u8001\u5f0f enum \u6709\u4e2a\u6bdb\u75c5，\u540d\u5b57\u76f4\u633a\u633a\u8eba\u5728\u5916\u5c42\u4f5c\u7528\u57df，\u548c\u522b\u7684\u679a\u4e3e\u649e\u540d\u7b97\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a enum \u90fd\u6709 RED，\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u62e6\u3002C++11 \u9001\u6765 enum class，\u628a\u540d\u5b57\u6536\u8fdb\u679a\u4e3e\u81ea\u5df1\u5bb6\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n

2.3 enum class<\/h4>\n

enum class Color { RED, GREEN, BLUE };
\nenum class Week { Mon, Tue, Wed };<\/p>\n

Color c = Color::RED; \/\/ \u5f97\u62a5\u6e05\u5bb6\u95e8
\nWeek d = Week::Mon;<\/p>\n

\u5fc5\u987b\u5e26\u524d\u7f00 Color::RED，Week::Mon\u3002\u540d\u5b57\u5f52\u81ea\u5df1\u7ba1，\u649e\u4e0d\u5230\u522b\u4eba\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e2a\u597d\u5904，\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5077\u5077\u8f6c\u6210 int，\u548c\u8001\u5f0f enum \u5212\u6e05\u754c\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

enum class Week { Mon, Tue, Wed };<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Week d = Week::Mon;<\/p>\n

cout << static_cast<int>(d) << endl; \/\/ 0<\/p>\n

\/\/ cout << d << endl; \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0d\u8fc7，\u4e0d\u8ba9\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u51fa
\n \/\/ if (d == 1) { } \/\/ \u7f16\u8bd1\u4e0d\u8fc7，\u4e0d\u548c int \u6bd4<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u679a\u4e3e\u4e09\u79cd\u8138 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u8001\u5199\u6cd5\u65b0\u5199\u6cd5，\u4e00\u5802\u8bfe\u8ba4\u5168 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 +———————-+———————-+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |\u5199\u6cd5 |\u957f\u76f8 | \u2502
\n\u2502 +———————-+———————-+ \u2502
\n\u2502 |enum Color |RED GREEN BLUE | \u2502
\n\u2502 |enum Level |LOW=1 MID=5 HIGH=10 | \u2502
\n\u2502 |enum class Week |Mon Tue Wed | \u2502
\n\u2502 +———————-+———————-+ \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u4e0d\u5e26 class，\u540d\u5b57\u76f4\u633a\u633a\u8eba\u5728\u5916\u5c42 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u5e26 class，\u5f97\u62a5\u6e05 Week \u5bb6\u95e8 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u65b0\u5de5\u7a0b\u8d77\u624b\u5c31\u4e0a class \u7248 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u60f3\u8f93\u51fa\u5f97 static_cast \u8f6c\u4e00\u4e0b，\u60f3\u6bd4\u8f83\u5f97\u62ff\u679a\u4e3e\u4e4b\u95f4\u5bf9\u3002\u5570\u55e6\u662f\u5570\u55e6，\u6362\u6765\u7684\u662f type \u5b89\u5168，\u503c\u4f20\u9519\u4e86\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5f53\u573a\u62e6\u3002\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5148 enum class，\u8001\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u8ba4\u5f97\u51fa\u8001\u5199\u6cd5\u5c31\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n

3. \u94fe\u8868<\/h3>\n

3.1 \u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u786c\u4f24<\/h4>\n

\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u6761\u961f，\u4e00\u683c\u6328\u4e00\u683c\u3002\u4e2d\u95f4\u63d2\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba，\u540e\u9762\u5168\u4f53\u642c\u5bb6\u3002\u4e94\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u961f\u8fd8\u597d，\u4e94\u4e07\u4eba\u7684\u961f，\u63d2\u4e00\u6b21\u642c\u4e94\u4e07\u683c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u6570\u7ec4\u7684\u642c\u5bb6\u8d39 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u63d2\u961f\u5bb9\u6613，\u642c\u5bb6\u8d39\u5413\u4eba \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u6570\u7ec4 78 92 55 100 88 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u8981\u5728\u4e0b\u6807 1 \u63d2\u4e2a 90 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65 \u4ece\u540e\u5f80\u524d，88 100 55 \u4f9d\u6b21\u53f3\u79fb \u2502
\n\u2502 \u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65 90 \u843d\u8fdb\u4e0b\u6807 1 \u7a7a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4f4d \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fdb\u573a，\u4e09\u4e2a\u4eba\u632a\u7a9d \u2502
\n\u2502 \u4eba\u591a\u65f6\u5019，\u8fd9\u7b14\u642c\u8fd0\u8d39\u5413\u4eba \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u5220\u4eba\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837，\u4e2d\u95f4\u6316\u8d70\u4e00\u4e2a，\u540e\u9762\u96c6\u4f53\u524d\u79fb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u642c\u8fd0\u8d39，\u94fe\u8868\u4e00\u5206\u4e0d\u82b1\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u8282\u4e00\u8282\u8f66\u53a2，\u7528\u6307\u9488\u4e32\u8d77\u6765，\u4e2d\u95f4\u63a5\u4e00\u8282\u53ea\u6539\u4e24\u6839\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u8f66\u53a2\u7684\u6a21\u6837 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u4e00\u8282\u8f66\u53a2\u4e24\u6837\u4e1c\u897f \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502Node \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502 +——–+——–+ \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502 | data | next | \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502 +——–+——–+ \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u5b58\u6570\u636e \u5b58\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u5730\u5740 \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8282\u7684 next \u653e\u7a7a\u6307\u9488 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u662f\u8fd9\u6761\u7ebf\u7684\u7ec8\u70b9\u7ad9 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

3.2 \u8282\u70b9\u957f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837<\/h4>\n

\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5355\u5143\u53eb\u8282\u70b9，\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u88c5\u4e24\u6837\u4e1c\u897f，\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6570\u636e，\u548c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n

struct Node {
\n int data;
\n Node *next;
\n};<\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u91cc\u51fa\u73b0\u6307\u5411\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6307\u9488，\u8fd9\u53eb\u81ea\u5f15\u7528，\u5408\u6cd5\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u3002\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u8282\u7684 next \u4e0d\u653e\u5730\u5740，\u653e\u7a7a\u6307\u9488 nullptr，\u5f53\u7ec8\u70b9\u7ad9\u3002C++11 \u8d77\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u5199 nullptr，\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u7528\u8fc7\u3002<\/p>\n

\u642d\u94fe\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u4e00\u8282\u4e00\u8282\u7684 next \u6307\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002\u5934\u63d2\u6cd5，\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u5f80\u961f\u5934\u585e，\u5c3e\u63d2\u6cd5，\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u5f80\u961f\u5c3e\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

struct Node {
\n int data;
\n Node *next;
\n};<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Node *head = nullptr;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5c3e\u63d2 1 2 3
\n Node *tail = nullptr;
\n for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
\n Node *p = new Node;
\n p->data = i;
\n p->next = nullptr;
\n if (head == nullptr) {
\n head = p;
\n } else {
\n tail->next = p;
\n }
\n tail = p;
\n }<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u987a\u7740 next \u8d70\u4e00\u904d
\n for (Node *p = head; p != nullptr; p = p->next) {
\n cout << p->data << " "; \/\/ 1 2 3
\n }
\n cout << endl;<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fa 1 2 3\u3002\u5c3e\u63d2\u4fdd\u5e8f，\u5148\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u3002\u6ce8\u610f new \u51fa\u6765\u7684\u8282\u70b9，\u5faa\u73af\u91cc\u9010\u4e2a\u8981，\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9000\u51fa\u524d\u4e0d delete \u5c31\u662f\u6cc4\u6f0f，\u4e0b\u4e00\u8282\u6536\u62fe\u3002<\/p>\n

\u904d\u5386\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5c31\u4e00\u53e5，for (Node *p = head; p != nullptr; p = p->next)\u3002\u4ece head \u51fa\u53d1，\u987a\u7740 next \u4e00\u8def\u8d70，\u8d70\u5230\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u505c\u3002\u8fd9\u53e5\u662f\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u603b\u673a\u5173，\u63d2\u5220\u67e5\u627e\u90fd\u957f\u5728\u5b83\u8eab\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n

3.3 \u5934\u63d2\u4e0e\u904d\u5386<\/h4>\n

\u5934\u63d2\u6cd5\u66f4\u7701\u4e8b，\u4e0d\u7528\u8bb0 tail\u3002\u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u7684 next \u5148\u6307\u5411\u65e7\u5934，head \u518d\u6539\u6307\u65b0\u8282\u70b9，\u4e24\u6b65\u3002<\/p>\n

Node *head = nullptr;<\/p>\n

for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
\n Node *p = new Node;
\n p->data = i;
\n p->next = head; \/\/ \u65b0\u8282\u70b9\u6307\u5411\u65e7\u5934
\n head = p; \/\/ \u5934\u6307\u9488\u6539\u6307\u65b0\u8282\u70b9
\n}<\/p>\n

for (Node *p = head; p != nullptr; p = p->next) {
\n cout << p->data << " "; \/\/ 3 2 1
\n}
\ncout << endl;<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fa 3 2 1，\u540e\u6765\u7684\u7ad9\u524d\u9762，\u540e\u8fdb\u5148\u51fa\u3002\u4e24\u6b65\u6709\u987a\u5e8f\u8bb2\u7a76，p->next = head \u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u505a，\u5148\u628a\u65e7\u5934\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5b58\u4e0b\u6765，\u518d\u8ba9 head \u6539\u6307\u3002\u987a\u5e8f\u53cd\u4e86，\u65e7\u5934\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e00\u4e22，\u6574\u6761\u94fe\u65ad\u5728\u540e\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u94fe\u8868\u53ea\u52a8\u7ebf \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u94fe\u8868\u53ea\u6539\u4e24\u6839\u7ebf \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502 \u65b0\u8282\u70b9 90 \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502 next –> 92 \u90a3\u95f4\u623f \u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518 \u2502
\n\u2502 78 \u90a3\u95f4\u623f\u7684 next –> \u65b0\u8282\u70b9 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8fdb\u573a\u8d39，\u4e24\u6839\u7ebf \u2502
\n\u2502 \u540e\u9762\u7684\u4eba\u539f\u5730\u4e0d\u52a8 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

3.4 \u5220\u9664\u4e0e\u91ca\u653e<\/h4>\n

\u5220\u9664\u8981\u5206\u4e24\u5934\u3002\u961f\u5934\u597d\u5220，head \u5f80\u524d\u63a8\u4e00\u683c\u5c31\u884c，\u6536\u5de5\u90a3\u4e2a while \u5e72\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e8b\u3002\u961f\u4e2d\u95f4\u5f97\u5148\u627e\u5230\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a，\u8ba9\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684 next \u8de8\u8fc7\u5b83，\u518d delete\u3002<\/p>\n

#include <iostream>
\nusing namespace std;<\/p>\n

struct Node {
\n int data;
\n Node *next;
\n};<\/p>\n

int main() {
\n Node *head = nullptr;
\n for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
\n Node *p = new Node;
\n p->data = i;
\n p->next = head;
\n head = p;
\n }
\n \/\/ \u6b64\u65f6\u94fe\u662f 3 2 1<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u5220\u4e2d\u95f4\u7684 2，\u5148\u627e\u5230\u5b83\u524d\u9762\u7684 3
\n Node *prev = head; \/\/ 3
\n Node *cur = head->next; \/\/ 2
\n prev->next = cur->next; \/\/ 3 \u7684 next \u6539\u6307 1
\n delete cur; \/\/ \u91ca\u653e 2<\/p>\n

for (Node *p = head; p != nullptr; p = p->next) {
\n cout << p->data << " "; \/\/ 3 1
\n }
\n cout << endl;<\/p>\n

\/\/ \u6536\u5de5，\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u9010\u4e2a\u91ca\u653e，\u6bcf\u8f6e\u90fd\u662f\u5220\u961f\u5934
\n while (head != nullptr) {
\n Node *p = head;
\n head = head->next;
\n delete p;
\n }<\/p>\n

return 0;
\n}<\/p>\n

\u8f93\u51fa 3 1\u3002\u5220\u4e2d\u95f4\u8282\u70b9\u4e09\u6b65，\u627e\u5230\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a，\u8ba9\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7684 next \u8de8\u8fc7\u5b83，delete \u5b83\u3002\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd，\u5148 delete \u518d\u8de8\u7ebf，\u90a3\u6761\u7ebf\u6307\u7740\u5df2\u7ecf\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u5185\u5b58，\u8e29\u4e0b\u53bb\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5168\u770b\u9020\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6536\u5c3e\u90a3\u4e2a while \u662f\u94fe\u8868\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6807\u914d，\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u9010\u4e2a delete，head \u4e00\u8def\u5f80\u524d\u63a8\u3002\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u8bf4\u8fc7，new \u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6d3b\u5230 delete \u90a3\u4e00\u523b，\u94fe\u8868\u8fd9\u7ae0\u5c24\u5176\u8981\u76ef\u7d27，\u4e00\u8282\u4e0d\u6f0f\u624d\u53eb\u6536\u5de5\u3002<\/p>\n

3.5 \u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7<\/h4>\n

\u94fe\u8868\u4e0d\u662f\u514d\u8d39\u5348\u9910，\u7701\u4e86\u642c\u5bb6\u8d39，\u53e6\u6709\u4e24\u7b14\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u7b14，\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u6570\u7ec4 a[3] \u4e00\u6b65\u5230\u4f4d，\u94fe\u8868\u5f97\u4ece head \u6570\u4e09\u8282\u3002\u627e\u7b2c i \u4e2a\u662f O(i)，\u6570\u7ec4\u662f O(1)\u3002\u6309\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53cd\u590d\u53d6\u7684\u573a\u5408，\u6570\u7ec4\u8d62\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e8c\u7b14，\u7f13\u5b58\u4e0d\u53cb\u597d\u3002\u6570\u7ec4\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u8fde\u7eed\u6392，\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u6b21\u642c\u4e00\u5927\u6bb5，\u7b2c\u516d\u7ae0\u63d0\u8fc7\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u8282\u6563\u5728\u5404\u5904，next \u6307\u54ea\u513f\u7b97\u54ea\u513f，\u8df3\u7740\u626b\u7f13\u5b58\u5403\u4e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u9898\u5f88\u7b80\u5355，\u6570\u636e\u5b9a\u957f\u3001\u6309\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d6，\u7528\u6570\u7ec4；\u6570\u636e\u589e\u51cf\u9891\u7e41\u3001\u4e2a\u5934\u4e0d\u5b9a，\u7528\u94fe\u8868\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u5de5\u7a0b\u91cc\u624b\u5199\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4e0d\u591a，\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u7684 list\u3001vector \u90fd\u662f\u66f4\u597d\u7528\u7684\u6210\u54c1，\u7b2c\u5341\u7ae0\u4e4b\u540e\u9646\u7eed\u89c1\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u628a\u6307\u9488\u7ec3\u719f，\u9762\u8bd5\u7231\u95ee，\u5e95\u5c42\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5168\u9760\u5b83\u6253\u5e95\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h3>\n

\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510
\n\u2502 \u672c\u7ae0\u6536\u53e3 \u2502
\n\u251c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2524
\n\u2502 \u4e09\u6837\u4e1c\u897f，\u4e00\u6761\u4e0a\u5761\u8def \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53 \u5173\u7cfb\u710a\u8fdb\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc \u2502
\n\u2502 \u679a\u4e3e \u540d\u5b57\u9876\u66ff\u6570\u5b57 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u94fe\u8868 \u7528\u6307\u9488\u4e32\u8d77\u6570\u636e \u2502
\n\u2502 \u2502
\n\u2502 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u91cc\u585e\u8fdb\u51fd\u6570，\u5c31\u662f\u7c7b \u2502
\n\u2502 \u4e0b\u4e00\u7ae0\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5bf9\u8c61，\u6b63\u5f0f\u5f00\u5de5 \u2502
\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u6837\u4e1c\u897f\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\u3002\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u628a\u5173\u7cfb\u710a\u8fdb\u6570\u636e，\u5b57\u6bb5\u6328\u4e2a\u58f0\u660e，\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u521d\u59cb\u5316，\u70b9\u53f7\u53d6\u6210\u5458，\u7bad\u5934\u914d\u6307\u9488，sizeof \u95ee\u5927\u5c0f，\u5b57\u6bb5\u6309\u5927\u5c0f\u58f0\u660e\u7701\u8865\u9f50\u3002\u4f20\u53c2\u4e09\u6761\u8def\u7167\u65e7，\u53ea\u8bfb\u7528 const \u5f15\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\u679a\u4e3e\u7ed9\u6570\u5b57\u4e0a\u6237\u53e3，\u8001\u5f0f enum \u540d\u5b57\u8eba\u5728\u5916\u5c42，enum class \u6536\u8fdb\u81ea\u5bb6\u95e8\u8fd8\u7981\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362，\u65b0\u4ee3\u7801\u4f18\u5148 class \u7248\u3002\u94fe\u8868\u4e00\u8282\u4e24\u6837，data \u52a0 next，\u5c3e\u63d2\u4fdd\u5e8f\u5934\u63d2\u9006\u5e8f，\u904d\u5386\u987a\u7740 next \u8d70\u5230\u7a7a\u6307\u9488，\u5220\u9664\u5148\u8de8\u7ebf\u518d delete，\u6536\u5de5\u9010\u4e2a\u91ca\u653e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u94fe\u8868\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u9898\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4e24\u53e5，\u5b9a\u957f\u6309\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d6\u7528\u6570\u7ec4，\u5e38\u589e\u5e38\u51cf\u7528\u94fe\u8868，\u4e0d\u80fd\u968f\u673a\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u5403\u4e8f\u662f\u5b83\u7684\u4e24\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u4e2a\u5e73\u53f0\u7684\u901f\u67e5\u5361\u548c\u6392\u9519\u8868\u5728\u9644\u5f55，\u6253\u5370\u8d34\u5899\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9644\u5f55 A \u901f\u67e5\u5361<\/h4>\n\n\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u5199\u6cd5\u8bf4\u660e<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u5b9a\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53<\/td>\nstruct S { int a; };<\/td>\n\u672b\u5c3e\u5206\u53f7\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c11<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/td>\nS s = { 1, 2 };<\/td>\n\u7f3a\u7684\u8865\u96f6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6210\u5458\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/td>\nstruct S { int a = 1; };<\/td>\nC++11 \u8d77<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u70b9\u53f7\u53d6\u6210\u5458<\/td>\ns.a<\/td>\n\u53d8\u91cf\u573a\u5408<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u7bad\u5934\u53d6\u6210\u5458<\/td>\np->a<\/td>\n\u6307\u9488\u573a\u5408<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5d4c\u5957\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/td>\nS s = { 1, { 2, 3 } };<\/td>\n\u4e00\u5c42\u5c42\u5bf9\u4f4d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sizeof<\/td>\nsizeof(S)<\/td>\n\u95ee\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668，\u522b\u731c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8001\u5f0f\u679a\u4e3e<\/td>\nenum E { A, B };<\/td>\n\u4ece 0 \u8d77<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u53f7<\/td>\nenum E { A = 1, B = 5 };<\/td>\n\u540e\u7eed\u8ddf\u7740\u8d70<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5f3a\u7c7b\u578b\u679a\u4e3e<\/td>\nenum class E { A };<\/td>\nE::A \u8bbf\u95ee，\u7981\u9690\u5f0f\u8f6c\u6362<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8282\u70b9\u5b9a\u4e49<\/td>\nstruct Node { int data; Node *next; };<\/td>\n\u81ea\u5f15\u7528\u5408\u6cd5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5efa\u7a7a\u94fe<\/td>\nNode *head = nullptr;<\/td>\n\u7a7a\u6307\u9488\u662f\u7ec8\u70b9\u7ad9<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5934\u63d2<\/td>\np->next = head; head = p;<\/td>\n\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5c3e\u63d2<\/td>\ntail->next = p; tail = p;<\/td>\n\u8981\u8bb0 tail<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u904d\u5386<\/td>\nfor (Node *p = head; p; p = p->next)<\/td>\n\u94fe\u8868\u603b\u673a\u5173<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5220\u4e2d\u95f4\u8282\u70b9<\/td>\nprev->next = cur->next; delete cur;<\/td>\n\u5148\u8de8\u7ebf\u518d\u91ca\u653e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6574\u94fe\u91ca\u653e<\/td>\nwhile (head) { p = head; head = head->next; delete p; }<\/td>\n\u6536\u5de5\u6807\u914d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u9644\u5f55 B \u6392\u9519\u8868<\/h4>\n\n\u5e38\u89c1\u73b0\u8c61\u75c5\u6839\u836f\u65b9<\/tr>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u62a5\u9519 expected \u5206\u53f7<\/td>\nstruct \u5b9a\u4e49\u672b\u5c3e\u6f0f\u5206\u53f7<\/td>\n\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u540e\u8865\u4e0a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u6210\u5458\u662f\u5783\u573e\u503c<\/td>\n\u53d8\u91cf\u6ca1\u521d\u59cb\u5316<\/td>\n\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u7ed9\u503c，\u6216\u5199\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u62a5\u9519 p.name \u7528\u4e0d\u4e86<\/td>\np \u662f\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n\u6539 p->name \u6216 (*p).name<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u4e24\u4e2a RED \u649e\u540d<\/td>\n\u8001\u5f0f enum \u540d\u5b57\u5728\u5916\u5c42<\/td>\n\u6362 enum class<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
cout \u6253\u4e0d\u51fa\u679a\u4e3e<\/td>\nenum class \u4e0d\u8ba9\u8f6c int<\/td>\nstatic_cast \u4e00\u4e0b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u679a\u4e3e\u503c\u4e0d\u662f\u9884\u671f\u90a3\u4e2a<\/td>\n\u6307\u5b9a\u7f16\u53f7\u540e\u8ddf\u7740\u8d70<\/td>\n\u6570\u4e00\u904d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7684\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
sizeof \u6bd4\u60f3\u7684\u5927<\/td>\n\u5bf9\u9f50\u8865\u9f50<\/td>\n\u5b57\u6bb5\u6309\u5927\u5c0f\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u6392<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u904d\u5386\u5361\u6b7b\u6216\u8bfb\u4e71<\/td>\nnext \u6ca1\u8d70\u5230\u7a7a\u6307\u9488<\/td>\n\u67e5\u6700\u540e\u8282\u70b9\u653e\u6ca1\u653e nullptr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5934\u63d2\u540e\u94fe\u65ad\u4e86<\/td>\nnext \u548c head \u987a\u5e8f\u53cd\u4e86<\/td>\n\u5148\u5b58\u65e7\u5934\u518d\u6539 head<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u5220\u5b8c\u8282\u70b9\u8e29\u5783\u573e<\/td>\ndelete \u540e\u53c8\u8bfb\u5b83<\/td>\n\u5148\u8de8\u7ebf\u518d delete，\u8bfb\u5b8c\u518d\u91ca\u653e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u8dd1\u4e45\u4e86\u5185\u5b58\u6da8<\/td>\nnew \u7684\u6ca1 delete<\/td>\n\u6536\u5de5 while \u9010\u4e2a\u91ca\u653e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u94fe\u88681. \u7ed3\u6784\u4f531.1 \u9879\u76ee\u5f15\u5165-\u6210\u7ee9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6539\u7248\u5148\u628a\u51fa\u4e8b\u90a3\u7248\u644a\u5f00\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u6392，\u52a0\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e4b\u540e\u957f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002#include
\n#include
\nusing namespace std;int main() {string names[5] { \\”\u5f20\u4e09\\”, \\”\u674e\u56db\\”, \\”\u738b\u4e94\\”, \\”\u8d75\u516d\\”, \\”\u5b59\u4e03\\” };int scores[5] { 78, 92, 55, 100, 88 };int cla<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[55],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-119688","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-server","tag-c"],"yoast_head":"\n\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u94fe\u8868 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119688.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_CN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u94fe\u8868 - \u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u94fe\u88681. \u7ed3\u6784\u4f531.1 \u9879\u76ee\u5f15\u5165-\u6210\u7ee9\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6539\u7248\u5148\u628a\u51fa\u4e8b\u90a3\u7248\u644a\u5f00\u3002\u4e09\u4e2a\u6570\u7ec4\u5e76\u6392，\u52a0\u4e2a\u73ed\u7ea7\u5b57\u6bb5\u4e4b\u540e\u957f\u8fd9\u6837\u3002#include #include using namespace std;int main() {string names[5] { "\u5f20\u4e09", "\u674e\u56db", "\u738b\u4e94", "\u8d75\u516d", "\u5b59\u4e03" };int scores[5] { 78, 92, 55, 100, 88 };int cla\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119688.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u7f51\u7855\u4e92\u8054\u5e2e\u52a9\u4e2d\u5fc3\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-10-29T22:16:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u4f5c\u8005\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u9884\u8ba1\u9605\u8bfb\u65f6\u95f4\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"9 \u5206\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119688.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.wsisp.com\/helps\/119688.html\",\"name\":\"\u7b2c\u4e5d\u7ae0 \u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u3001\u679a\u4e3e\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u94fe\u8868 - 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